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Possible complications may include: infection, bleeding, dysrhythmias and high blood sugar. One review found an increased risk of pneumonia and sepsis but not the overall risk of infection. Another review found a trend towards increased bleeding but no increase in severe bleeding. Hypothermia induces a "cold diuresis"... | 1 | Cryobiology |
dNovo, a Silicon-valley based company, was founded in 2018 and participated in the Y Combinator accelerator. The company has demonstrated its technology by growing a patch of human hair on a mouse. | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
* Theodore von Karman Medal, 1976
* Otto Laporte Award, 1977
* Worcester Reed Warner Medal, 1984
* Jean-Leonard-Marie Poiseuille Award, 1986
* Timoshenko Medal, 1991
* Lissner Award for Bioengineering, from ASME
* Borelli Medal, from ASB
* Landis Award, from Microcirculation Society
* Alza Award, from BMES
* Melville M... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
In 1954, there was a program started at New York University called the Division of Research. It was a small program that included personnel from the Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University. | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
Aggressiveness of treatment is matched to the degree of hypothermia. Treatment ranges from noninvasive, passive external warming to active external rewarming, to active core rewarming. In severe cases resuscitation begins with simultaneous removal from the cold environment and management of the airway, breathing, and c... | 1 | Cryobiology |
A major issue is how many embryos should be transferred, since placement of multiple embryos carries a risk of multiple pregnancy. While the past physicians placed multiple embryos to increase the chance of pregnancy, this approach has fallen out of favor. Professional societies, and legislatures in many countries, hav... | 1 | Cryobiology |
The reaction mechanism is that of the related Hofmann degradation.
At first the carbonic acid amide (1) reacts with the sodium hypochlorite. After separate water and chloride an amine with a free bond is built 2. The intermediate (3) is generated by rearrangement. At this point two different mechanisms are possible. I... | 6 | Carbohydrates |
Raytec Vision is a camera and sensor-based manufacturer based in Parma and specialized in food sorting. The applications of Raytec Vision's machines are many: tomatoes, tubers, fruit, fresh cut, vegetables and confectionery products. Each machine can separate good products from wastes, foreign bodies and defects and gu... | 5 | Separation Processes |
By the late 1960s, radium was phased out and replaced with safer alternatives.
Tritium was used on and the original Panerai Luminor dive watch Radiomir and almost all Swiss watches from 1960 to 1998 when it was banned. Tritium-based substances ceased to be used by Omega SA in 1997.
In the 21st century, one radiolumine... | 0 | Luminescence |
A low-FODMAP diet consists of the global restriction of all fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs), and is recommended only for a short time. A low-FODMAP diet is recommended for managing patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and can reduce digestive symptoms of IBS, including bloating and flatulence.
Several studi... | 6 | Carbohydrates |
Low-pressure mercury-vapor lamps generate primarily 254 nm UVC energy, and are most commonly used in disinfection applications. Operated at lower temperatures and with less voltage than medium-pressure lamps, they, like all UV sources, require shielding when operated to prevent excess exposure of skin and eyes. | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
DSSCs degrade when exposed to light. In 2014 air infiltration of the commonly-used amorphous Spiro-MeOTAD hole-transport layer was identified as the primary cause of the degradation, rather than oxidation. The damage could be avoided by the addition of an appropriate barrier.
The barrier layer may include UV stabilizer... | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
Mictomagnetism is a spin system in which various exchange interactions are mixed. It is observed in several kinds of alloys, including Cu–Mn, Fe–Al and Ni–Mn alloys. Cooled in zero magnetic field, these materials have low remanence and coercivity. Cooled in a magnetic field, they have much larger remanence, and the hys... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Since luminescent ink or luminescent paper are only delivered to specialist printers, tagging also serves as an anti-counterfeiting measure, similar to the practice on banknotes. | 0 | Luminescence |
Practical engineering designs must first take into account safety as the primary goal. All designs should incorporate passive cooling in combination with refractory materials to prevent melting and reconfiguration of fissionables into geometries capable of un-intentional criticality. Blanket layers of Lithium bearing... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
Black light incandescent lamps are also made from an incandescent light bulb with a filter coating which absorbs most visible light. Halogen lamps with fused quartz envelopes are used as inexpensive UV light sources in the near UV range, from 400 to 300 nm, in some scientific instruments. Due to its black-body spectrum... | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
*9,10-Diphenylanthracene (DPA) emits blue light
*9-(2-Phenylethenyl) anthracene emits teal light
*1-Chloro-9,10-diphenylanthracene (1-chloro(DPA)) and 2-chloro-9,10-diphenylanthracene (2-chloro(DPA)) emit blue-green light more efficiently than nonsubstituted DPA
*9,10-Bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene (BPEA) emits green lig... | 0 | Luminescence |
Although the concentration of the ozone in the ozone layer is very small, it is vitally important to life because it absorbs biologically harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation coming from the Sun. Extremely short or vacuum UV (10–100 nm) is screened out by nitrogen. UV radiation capable of penetrating nitrogen is divided ... | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
A rudimentary understanding of muscle tissue began to develop as early as 1835, when embryonic myogenesis was first described. In the 1860s, it was shown that muscle is capable of regeneration and an experimental regeneration was conducted to better understand the specific method by which this was done in vivo. Followi... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
The Society for Cryobiology is an international scientific society that was founded in 1964. Its objectives are to promote research in low temperature biology, to improve scientific understanding in this field, and to disseminate and aid in the application of this knowledge. The Society also publishes a journal called ... | 1 | Cryobiology |
Fusion ignition is the point at which a nuclear fusion reaction becomes self-sustaining. This occurs when the energy being given off by the reaction heats the fuel mass more rapidly than it cools. In other words, fusion ignition is the point at which the increasing self-heating of the nuclear fusion removes the need fo... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
It is easily produced by igniting a mixture of zinc and sulfur. Since zinc sulfide is insoluble in water, it can also be produced in a precipitation reaction. Solutions containing Zn salts readily form a precipitate ZnS in the presence of sulfide ions (e.g., from HS).
:Zn + S → ZnS
This reaction is the basis of a gravi... | 0 | Luminescence |
Galactogen is a polymer of galactose with species-specific structural variations. In this polysaccharide, the D-galactose are predominantly β (1→3) and β (1→6) linked; however some species also have β (1→2) and β (1→4). The galactogen of the aquatic Basommatophora (e.g. Lymnaea, Biomphalaria) is highly branched with on... | 6 | Carbohydrates |
The contact angle formed between a liquid and solid phase will exhibit a range of contact angles that are possible. There are two common methods for measuring this range of contact angles. The first method is referred to as the tilting base method. Once a drop is dispensed on the surface with the surface level, the sur... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Upon absorption of light, fluorescent materials emit light upon of a longer wavelength (lower energy) than the absorbed radiation, but cease to do so once immediately, when the illumination is stopped. The tagging of stamps uses substances that absorb ultraviolet light of wavelengths between 300 nm and 450 nm ("Black l... | 0 | Luminescence |
A bioartificial heart is an engineered heart that contains the extracellular structure of a decellularized heart and cellular components from a different source. Such hearts are of particular interest for therapy as well as research into heart disease. The first bioartificial hearts were created in 2008 using cadaveric... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
An important application of the Néel effect is as a current sensor, measuring the magnetic field radiated by a conductor with a current; this is the principle of Néel effect current sensors. The Néel effect allows the accurate measurement of currents with very low-frequency-type sensors in a current transformer without... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
The magnetostriction characterizes the shape change of a ferromagnetic material during magnetization, whereas the inverse magnetostrictive effect characterizes the change of sample magnetization (for given magnetizing field strength ) when mechanical stresses are applied to the sample. | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Helimagnetism is a form of magnetic ordering where spins of neighbouring magnetic moments arrange themselves in a spiral or helical pattern, with a characteristic turn angle of somewhere between 0 and 180 degrees. It results from the competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. It is p... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
An example of magnetoresistance due to direct action of magnetic field on electric current can be studied on a Corbino disc (see Figure).
It consists of a conducting annulus with perfectly conducting rims. Without a magnetic field, the battery drives a radial current between the rims. When a magnetic field perpendicula... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Excimer lamps emit narrow-band UVC and vacuum-ultraviolet radiation at a variety of wavelengths depending on the medium. They are mercury-free and reach full output quicker than a mercury lamp, and generate less heat. Excimer emission at 207 and 222 nm appears to be safer than traditional 254 nm germicidal radiation, d... | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
Organ printing for medical applications is still in the developmental stages. Thus, the long term impacts of organ printing have yet to be determined. Researchers hope that organ printing could decrease the organ transplant shortage. There is currently a shortage of available organs, including liver, kidneys, and lungs... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
The black-white Bravais lattices characterize the translational symmetry of the structure like the typical Bravais lattices, but also contain additional symmetry elements. For black-white Bravais lattices, the number of black and white sites is always equal. There are 14 traditional Bravais lattices, 14 grey lattices, ... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Barometric light is a name for the light that is emitted by a mercury-filled barometer tube when the tube is shaken. The discovery of this phenomenon in 1675 revealed the possibility of electric lighting. | 0 | Luminescence |
For higher grade applications such as ferrous metals, coal and industrial minerals, sensor-based ore sorting can be applied to create a final product. Pre-condition is, that the liberation allows for the creation of a sellable product. Undersize material is usually bypassed as product, but can also be diverted to the w... | 5 | Separation Processes |
A related technique pumps deuterium gas through the wall of a palladium-silver alloy tubing. The palladium is electrolytically loaded with deuterium. In some experiments this produces fast neutrons that trigger further reactions. Other experimenters (Fralick et al.) also made claims of anomalous heat produced by this s... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
The MIRAGE Commission consists of three groups which tightly interact with each other.
The advisory board consists of leading scientists in glycobiology, who, for example, critically review the outcomes of the working group and promote the reporting guidelines within the community.
The working group seeks for external ... | 6 | Carbohydrates |
At least three biological pathways support trehalose biosynthesis. An industrial process can derive trehalose from corn starch. | 6 | Carbohydrates |
The LCP family or TagU family of proteins is a conserved family of phosphotransferases that are involved in the attachment of teichoic acid (TA) molecules to gram-positive cell wall or cell membrane. It was initially thought as the LytR (lytic repressor) component of a LytABC operon encoding autolysins, but the mechani... | 4 | Acids + Bases |
Twenty to fifty percent of hypothermia deaths are associated with paradoxical undressing. This typically occurs during moderate and severe hypothermia, as the person becomes disoriented, confused, and combative. They may begin discarding their clothing, which, in turn, increases the rate of heat loss.
Rescuers who are ... | 1 | Cryobiology |
Mechanochromic luminescence (ML) references to intensity and/or color changes of (solid-state) luminescent materials induced by mechanical forces, such as rubbing, crushing, pressing, shearing, or smearing. Unlike "triboluminescence" which does not require additional excitation source other than force itself, ML is oft... | 0 | Luminescence |
Gastric acid, gastric juice, or stomach acid is a digestive fluid formed within the stomach lining. With a pH between 1 and 3, gastric acid plays a key role in digestion of proteins by activating digestive enzymes, which together break down the long chains of amino acids of proteins. Gastric acid is regulated in feedba... | 4 | Acids + Bases |
Excimer lamps are quasimonochromatic light sources operating over a wide range of wavelengths in the ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectral regions. Operation of an excimer lamp is based on the formation of excited dimers (excimers), which spontaneously transiting from the excited state to the ground st... | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
Another class of UV fluorescent bulb is designed for use in "bug zapper" flying insect traps. Insects are attracted to the UV light, which they are able to see, and are then electrocuted by the device. These bulbs use the same UV-A emitting phosphor blend as the filtered blacklight, but since they do not need to suppr... | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy has a great influence on industrial uses of ferromagnetic materials. Materials with high magnetic anisotropy usually have high coercivity, that is, they are hard to demagnetize. These are called "hard" ferromagnetic materials and are used to make permanent magnets. For example, the high... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Fresh blastocyst (day 5 to 6) stage transfer seems to be more effective than cleavage (day 2 or 3) stage transfer in assisted reproductive technologies. The Cochrane study showed a small improvement in live birth rate per couple for blastocyst transfers. This would mean that for a typical rate of 31% in clinics that us... | 1 | Cryobiology |
Many studies have proposed that induction of EMT is the primary mechanism by which epithelial cancer cells acquire malignant phenotypes that promote metastasis. Drug development targeting the activation of EMT in cancer cells has thus become an aim of pharmaceutical companies. | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
DPN is emerging as a powerful research tool for manipulating cells at subcellular resolution
* Stem cell differentiation
* Subcellular drug delivery
* Cell sorting
* Surface gradients
* Subcellular ECM protein patterns
* Cell adhesion | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
A mixing chamber where a mechanical agitator brings in intimate contact the feed solution and the solvent to carry out the transfer of solute(s). The mechanical agitator is equipped with a motor which drives a mixing and pumping turbine. This turbine draws the two phases from the settlers of the adjacent stages, mixes ... | 5 | Separation Processes |
According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, "radioactive antiques [including watches] are usually not a health risk as long as they are intact and in good condition." However, radium is highly radioactive, emitting alpha, beta, and gamma radiation — the effects of which are particularly deleterious ... | 0 | Luminescence |
Prior to the early 1990s, the studies on different chemical and physical variables of sonoluminescence were all conducted using multi-bubble sonoluminescence (MBSL). This was a problem since all of the theories and bubble dynamics were based on single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) and researchers believed that the bub... | 0 | Luminescence |
Current RO membranes, thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes, are being studied to find ways of improving their permeability. Through new imaging methods, researchers were able to make 3D models of membranes and examine how water flowed through them. They found that TFC membranes with areas of low flow significa... | 5 | Separation Processes |
In addition to medical and psychological effects, many social implications exist for acid survivors, especially women. For example, such attacks usually leave victims handicapped in some way, rendering them dependent on either their spouse or family for everyday activities, such as eating and running errands. These dep... | 4 | Acids + Bases |
According to Afshin Molavi, in the early years of the revolution and following the mandating of the covering of hair by women in Iran, some women were threatened with acid attacks by Islamic vigilantes for failing to wear hijab.
Recently, acid assault in Iran has been met with increased sanctions. The Sharia code of qi... | 4 | Acids + Bases |
A review in 2013 came to the result that infants resulting from IVF (with or without ICSI) have a relative risk of birth defects of 1.32 (95% confidence interval 1.24–1.42) compared to naturally conceived infants. In 2008, an analysis of the data of the National Birth Defects Study in the US found that certain birth de... | 1 | Cryobiology |
The use of fibrin hydrogel in gene delivery (transfection) is studied to address essential factors controlling the delivery process such as fibrinogen and pDNA concentration in addition to significance of cell-mediated fibrin degradation for pursuing the potential of cell-transfection microarray engineering or in vivo ... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
The main impregnation techniques are wet impregnation and dry impregnation. During wet impregnation, the porous particles are dissolved in the extractant and allowed to soak with the respective fluid. In this approach, the particles are either contacted with a precalculated amount of extractant, which completely soaks ... | 5 | Separation Processes |
"In vitro" is a latin phrase whose literal translation is "within the glass." This term is used in the English language to describe a process which occurs outside of a living organism. Within the context of muscle tissue engineering, the term "in vitro" applies to the seeding of cells into a biomaterial scaffold with g... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
Bioremediation utilizes microorganisms or in recent times, materials of biological origin, such as enzymes, biocomposites, biopolymers, or nanoparticles, to biochemically degrade contaminants into harmless substances, making it an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative; 3D bioprinting facilitates the ... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
In Australia, the average age of women undergoing ART treatment is 35.5 years among those using their own eggs (one in four being 40 or older) and 40.5 years among those using donated eggs. While IVF is available in Australia, Australians using IVF are unable to choose their baby's gender. | 1 | Cryobiology |
* [http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/50230 MIT Open Access Articles].
* (manuscript).
* In the foreword by the president of ENEA the belief is expressed that the cold fusion phenomenon is proved. | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
When ferrimagnets are exposed to an external magnetic field, they display what is called magnetic hysteresis, where magnetic behavior depends on the history of the magnet. They also exhibit a saturation magnetization ; this magnetization is reached when the external field is strong enough to make all the moments align ... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Dip pen nanolithography (DPN) is a scanning probe lithography technique where an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip is used to create patterns directly on a range of substances with a variety of inks. A common example of this technique is exemplified by the use of alkane thiolates to imprint onto a gold surface. This t... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
Lung hysteresis is evident when observing the compliance of a lung on inspiration versus expiration. The difference in compliance (Δvolume/Δpressure) is due to the additional energy required to overcome surface tension forces during inspiration to recruit and inflate additional alveoli.
The transpulmonary pressure vs V... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Glycogen synthase (UDP-glucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase) is a key enzyme in glycogenesis, the conversion of glucose into glycogen. It is a glycosyltransferase () that catalyses the reaction of UDP-glucose and (1,4---glucosyl) to yield UDP and (1,4---glucosyl). | 6 | Carbohydrates |
According to IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry, the hydronium ion should be referred to as oxonium. Hydroxonium may also be used unambiguously to identify it.
An oxonium ion is any cation containing a trivalent oxygen atom. | 4 | Acids + Bases |
The first successful man-made fusion device was the boosted fission weapon tested in 1951 in the Greenhouse Item test. The first true fusion weapon was 1952s Ivy Mike, and the first practical example was 1954s Castle Bravo. In these devices, the energy released by a fission explosion compresses and heats the fuel, star... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
Select filter cloth to obtain a good surface for cake formation. Use twill weave variation in the construction pattern of the fabric for better wear resistance. The belt tension, de-mooning bar height, wash water quantity and discharge roll speed are carefully tuned to maintain a good path for the cake formation to pre... | 5 | Separation Processes |
Although the experimental protocol had not been published, physicists in several countries attempted, and failed, to replicate the excess heat phenomenon. The first paper submitted to Nature reproducing excess heat, although it passed peer review, was rejected because most similar experiments were negative and there we... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
Formerly the name "carbohydrate" was used in chemistry for any compound with the formula C (HO). Following this definition, some chemists considered formaldehyde (CHO) to be the simplest carbohydrate, while others claimed that title for glycolaldehyde. Today, the term is generally understood in the biochemistry sense, ... | 6 | Carbohydrates |
Cold fusion is a hypothesized type of nuclear reaction that would occur at, or near, room temperature. It would contrast starkly with the "hot" fusion that is known to take place naturally within stars and artificially in hydrogen bombs and prototype fusion reactors under immense pressure and at temperatures of million... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
Timex introduced the Indiglo technology in 1992 in their Ironman watch line and subsequently expanded its use to 70% of their watch line, including mens and womens watches, sport watches and chronographs. Casio introduced their version of electroluminescent backlight technology in 1995.
The Indiglo name was later licen... | 0 | Luminescence |
* Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is where a single sperm is injected directly into an egg. Its main usage as an expansion of IVF is to overcome male infertility problems, although it may also be used where eggs cannot easily be penetrated by sperm, and occasionally in conjunction with sperm donation. It can be... | 1 | Cryobiology |
Isopropyl β--1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) is a molecular biology reagent. This compound is a molecular mimic of allolactose, a lactose metabolite that triggers transcription of the lac operon, and it is therefore used to induce protein expression where the gene is under the control of the lac operator. | 6 | Carbohydrates |
Vogel was a proponent of research into plant consciousness and believed "empathy between plant and human" could be established. | 0 | Luminescence |
The word neo-organ comes from the Greek word "neos," which means new. Organ transplants have been successfully used for medical purposes since 1954. The difficulty with the traditional process of organ transplants is that it requires waiting for a viable donor to donate an organ. The process of matching the organ to ma... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
In certain countries, including Austria, Italy, Estonia, Hungary, Spain and Israel, the male does not have the full ability to withdraw consent to storage or use of embryos once they are fertilised. In the United States, the matter has been left to the courts on a more or less ad hoc basis. If embryos are implanted and... | 1 | Cryobiology |
When the periodicity of the magnetic order coincides with the periodicity of crystallographic order, the magnetic phase is said to be commensurate, and can be well-described by a magnetic space group. However, when this is not the case, the order does not correspond to any magnetic space group. These phases can instead... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
In South Asia, acid attacks have been used as a form of revenge for refusal of sexual advances, proposals of marriage and demands for dowry. Scholars Taru Bahl and M.H. Syed say that land and property disputes are another leading cause. | 4 | Acids + Bases |
Unlike single-bubble sonoluminescence, multi-bubble sonoluminescence is the creation of many oscillating and collapsing bubbles. Typically in MBSL, the light emission from each individual bubble is weaker than in SBSL because the neighboring bubbles can interact and affect each other. Because each neighboring bubble ca... | 0 | Luminescence |
The declassification of the program was a large topic of discussion between scientists at all of the laboratories involved with the project and at the Sherwood conferences. The reasoning for an initial high classification status was that if the research into controlled fusion were to be successful then it would be a si... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
Dye-sub printing is a digital printing technology using full color artwork that works with polyester and polymer-coated substrates. Also referred to as digital sublimation, the process is commonly used for decorating apparel, signs and banners, as well as novelty items such as cell phone covers, plaques, coffee mugs, a... | 5 | Separation Processes |
Internally, ferromagnetic materials have a structure that is divided into domains, each of which is a region of uniform magnetization. When a magnetic field is applied, the boundaries between the domains shift and the domains rotate; both of these effects cause a change in the materials dimensions. The reason that a ... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate, or Custodiol HTK solution, is a high-flow, low-potassium preservation solution used for organ transplantation. The solution was initially developed by Hans-Jürgen Bretschneider.
HTK solution is intended for perfusion and flushing of donor liver, kidney, heart, lung and pancreas prior... | 1 | Cryobiology |
Hydroiodic acid reacts with oxygen in air to give iodine:
:4 HI + O → 2 + 2 I
Like other hydrogen halides, hydroiodic acid adds to alkenes to give alkyl iodides. It can also be used as a reducing agent, for example in the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to anilines. | 4 | Acids + Bases |
Solar neutrinos are produced in the core of the Sun through various nuclear fusion reactions, each of which occurs at a particular rate and leads to its own spectrum of neutrino energies. Details of the more prominent of these reactions are described below.
The main contribution comes from the proton–proton chain. The ... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
** Building construction for the immense 192-beam 500-terawatt NIF project is completed and construction of laser beam-lines and target bay diagnostics commences, expecting to take its first full system shot in 2010.
** Negotiations on the Joint Implementation of ITER begin between Canada, countries represented by the ... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
Gastrointestinal organoids refer to organoids that recapitulate structures of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract arises from the endoderm, which during development forms a tube that can be divided in three distinct regions, which give rise to, along with other organs, the following sections of the g... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
Some research groups initially reported that they had replicated the Fleischmann and Pons results but later retracted their reports and offered an alternative explanation for their original positive results. A group at Georgia Tech found problems with their neutron detector, and Texas A&M discovered bad wiring in their... | 3 | Nuclear Fusion |
He is the author of numerous books including Foundations of Solid Mechanics, Continuum Mechanics, and a series of books on Biomechanics. He is also one of the principal founders of the Journal of Biomechanics and was a past chair of the ASME International Applied Mechanics Division. In 1972, Fung established the Biomec... | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
Many UVGI systems use UV wavelengths that can be harmful to humans, resulting in both immediate and long-term effects. Acute impacts on the eyes and skin can include conditions such as photokeratitis (often termed "snow blindness") and erythema (reddening of the skin), while chronic exposure may heighten the risk of sk... | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
Like flux density, the magnetostriction also exhibits hysteresis versus the strength of the magnetizing field. The shape of this hysteresis loop (called "dragonfly loop") can be reproduced using the Jiles-Atherton model. | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
This methods consists in selecting the cell type of interest, usually with antibiotic resistance. For this purpose, the source material cells are modified to contain antibiotic resistance cassette under a target cell type specific promoter. Only cells committed to the lineage of interest is surviving the selection. | 2 | Tissue Engineering |
* The rotary vacuum drum filter is a continuous and automatic operation, so the operating cost is low.
* The variation of the drum speed rotating can be used to control the cake thickness.
* The process can be easily modified (pre-coating filter process).
* Can produce relatively clean product by adding a showering dev... | 5 | Separation Processes |
Fluorophores have particular importance in the field of biochemistry and protein studies, for example, in immunofluorescence, cell analysis, immunohistochemistry, and small molecule sensors. | 0 | Luminescence |
O-GlcNAc (short for O-linked GlcNAc or O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine) is a reversible enzymatic post-translational modification that is found on serine and threonine residues of nucleocytoplasmic proteins. The modification is characterized by a β-glycosidic bond between the hydroxyl group of serine or threonine side c... | 6 | Carbohydrates |
Photobiology is the scientific study of the beneficial and harmful interactions of non-ionizing radiation in living organisms, conventionally demarcated around 10 eV, the first ionization energy of oxygen. UV ranges roughly from 3 to 30 eV in energy. Hence photobiology entertains some, but not all, of the UV spectrum. | 8 | Ultraviolet Radiation |
A formation light, also known as a slime light, is a type of thin film electroluminescent light that assists aircraft flying in formation in low visibility environments. | 0 | Luminescence |
Due to the very low temperatures required, varying levels of stress are put on the DNA samples. Spermatozoa, in particular, are stressed by temperature shock, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress with the latter being the most detrimental. When temperature shock occurs, the membrane is damaged through freezing and thaw... | 1 | Cryobiology |
Single-crystal alloys exhibit superior microstrain, but are vulnerable to yielding due to the anisotropic mechanical properties of most metals. It has been observed that for polycrystalline alloys with a high area coverage of preferential grains for microstrain, the mechanical properties (ductility) of magnetostrictive... | 7 | Magnetic Ordering |
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