ChemTEB Classification Datasets
Collection
Chemical Classification Datasets for Evaluating Text Embedding Models • 19 items • Updated
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Sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate (CFSONa) as a trifluoromethylation reagent was introduced by Langlois in 1991. The reaction requires t-butyl hydroperoxide and generally a metal and proceeds through a radical mechanism. The reagent has been applied with heterocyclic substrates | 0 | Organic Reactions |
An oxocarbenium ion (or oxacarbenium ion) is a chemical species characterized by a central sp-hybridized carbon, an oxygen substituent, and an overall positive charge that is delocalized between the central carbon and oxygen atoms. An oxocarbenium ion is represented by two limiting resonance structures, one in the for... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Epoxidation of allyl- and vinylsilanes can be easily accomplished with peracids. Silyl epoxides can be converted into ketones, aldehydes, or alkenes after selective epoxide opening and elimination. When allylsilanes are combined with peracids, the intermediate epoxides are usually converted to allylic alcohols before i... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation, which employs carbenes derived from diiodomethane, is a popular alternative to rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation. In the presence of a chiral diamine, Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation is enantioselective; however, selectivities are not as high as the corresponding rhodium-catalyzed reacti... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
As it is only effective for primary amines, the carbylamine reaction can be used as a chemical test for their presence. In this context, the reaction is also known as Saytzeff's isocyanide test. In this reaction, the analyte is heated with alcoholic potassium hydroxide and chloroform. If a primary amine is present, the... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
In organic chemistry, enolates are organic anions derived from the deprotonation of carbonyl () compounds. Rarely isolated, they are widely used as reagents in the synthesis of organic compounds. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a III-V direct band gap semiconductor with a zinc blende crystal structure.
Gallium arsenide is used in the manufacture of devices such as microwave frequency integrated circuits, monolithic microwave integrated circuits, infrared light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, solar cells and optical w... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
From Isaiah: "And the people shall be as the burnings of lime: as thorns cut up shall they be burned in the fire"
Its use is mentioned in the Book of Amos (2:1): "I will not turn away the punishment thereof, because he burned the bones of the King of Edom into lime."
It was used in ancient formulas for white paint and ... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Ketones and imines are related functional groups, and effective technologies for the asymmetric hydrogenation of each are also closely related. Early examples are Noyori's ruthenium-chiral diphosphine-diamine system.
For carbonyl and imine substrates, end-on, η coordination can compete with η mode. For η-bound substrat... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
GaN is a very hard (Knoop hardness 14.21 GPa), mechanically stable wide-bandgap semiconductor material with high heat capacity and thermal conductivity. In its pure form it resists cracking and can be deposited in thin film on sapphire or silicon carbide, despite the mismatch in their lattice constants. GaN can be dope... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The reaction mechanism of decomposition of diazocarbonyl compounds with copper begins with the formation of a copper carbene complex. Evidence for the formation of copper carbenes is provided by comparison to the behavior of photolytically generated free carbenes and the observation of appreciable enantioselectivity in... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Amination is the process by which an amine group is introduced into an organic molecule. This type of reaction is important because organonitrogen compounds are pervasive. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Lanthanum(III) oxalate forms colorless crystals that are poorly soluble in water.
The compound forms various crystallohydrates •n, where n = 1, 2, 3, 7, and 10.
The crystallohydrates decompose when heated. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The stereochemistry involved in the reactions of five-membered rings can be predicted by an envelope transition state model. Nucleophiles favor addition from the "inside" of the envelope, or from the top of the figure on the right. The "inside" addition produces a results in a staggered conformation, rather than the ec... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Acetate esters and acetamides are generally prepared by acetylations. Acetylations are often used in making C-acetyl bonds in Friedel-Crafts reactions. Carbanions and their equivalents are susceptible to acetylations. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Glass reacts slowly with aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions at ambient temperatures to form soluble silicates. Because of this, glass joints and stopcocks exposed to sodium hydroxide have a tendency to "freeze". Flasks and glass-lined chemical reactors are damaged by long exposure to hot sodium hydroxide, which also fr... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Alpha hydroxy acids can be converted into amino acids directly using aqueous ammonia solution, hydrogen gas and a heterogeneous metallic ruthenium catalyst. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The terminus of the double bond in enols is nucleophilic. Its reactions with electrophilic organic compounds is important in biochemistry as well as synthetic organic chemistry. In the former area, the fixation of carbon dioxide involves addition of CO to an enol. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Many different nucleophiles have been reported to be effective for this reaction. Some of the most common nucleophiles include malonates, enolates, primary alkoxides, carboxylates, phenoxides, amines, azide, sulfonamides, imides, and sulfones. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
HDAC1 & HDAC2 are in the first class of HDACs are most closely related to one another. By analyzing the overall sequences of both HDACs, their similarity was found to be approximately 82% homologous. These enzymes have been found to be inactive when isolated which led to the conclusion that they must be incorporated wi... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
In organic chemistry, the vicarious nucleophilic substitution is a special type of nucleophilic aromatic substitution in which a nucleophile replaces a hydrogen atom on the aromatic ring and not leaving groups such as halogen substituents which are ordinarily encountered in SAr. This reaction type was reviewed in 1987 ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Metal-catalyzed cyclopropanations are chemical reactions that result in the formation of a cyclopropane ring from a metal carbenoid species and an alkene. In the Simmons–Smith reaction the metal involved is zinc. Metal carbenoid species can be generated through the reaction of a diazo compound with a transition metal).... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Electrophilic aminating reagents rely on the presence of an electron-withdrawing functional group attached to nitrogen. A variety of hydroxylamine derivatives have been used for this purpose. Sulfonylhydroxylamines are able to aminate a wide array of carbanions.
Azo compounds afford hydrazines after addition to the N=N... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Wet etching of GaAs industrially uses an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide or bromine water, and the same strategy has been described in a patent relating to processing scrap components containing GaAs where the is complexed with a hydroxamic acid ("HA"), for example:
:GaAs + + "HA" → "GaA" complex + + 4
Th... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The reaction can be demonstrated by starting with solutions of potassium cyanate and ammonium chloride which are mixed, heated and cooled again. An additional proof of the chemical transformation is obtained by adding a solution of oxalic acid which forms urea oxalate as a white precipitate.
Alternatively the reaction ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
In chemistry, halogenation is a chemical reaction which introduces of one or more halogens into a chemical compound. Halide-containing compounds are pervasive, making this type of transformation important, e.g. in the production of polymers, drugs. This kind of conversion is in fact so common that a comprehensive overv... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
A free radical is formed from the carboxylic acid in an oxidative decarboxylation with silver salts and an oxidizing agent. The oxidizing agent (ammonium persulfate) oxidizes the Ag(+) to Ag(2+) under the acidic reaction conditions. This induces a hydrogen atom abstraction by the silver, followed by radical decarboxyla... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The process was based on the oxidation of hydrogen chloride:
:4 HCl + O → 2 Cl + 2HO
The reaction takes place at about 400 to 450 °C in the presence of a variety of catalysts, including copper chloride (CuCl). Three companies developed commercial processes for producing chlorine based on the Deacon reaction:
*Th... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
In the conversion of carbon dioxide to useful materials, the water–gas shift reaction is used to produce carbon monoxide from hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This is sometimes called the reverse water–gas shift reaction.
Water gas is defined as a fuel gas consisting mainly of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H). The ter... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Reactions of divinylcyclopropanes containing substituted double bonds are stereospecific with respect to the configurations at the double bonds—cis,cis isomers give cis products, while cis,trans isomers give trans products. Thus, chiral, non-racemic starting materials give rise to chiral products without loss of enanti... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Barium chlorate can be produced through a double replacement reaction between solutions of barium chloride and sodium chlorate:
:BaCl + 2 NaClO → Ba(ClO) + 2 NaCl
On concentrating and chilling the resulting mixture, barium chlorate precipitates. This is perhaps the most common preparation, exploiting the lower solubili... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Like most metal fluorides, UF is a dense highly crosslinked inorganic polymer. As established by X-ray crystallography, the U centres are eight-coordinate with square antiprismatic coordination spheres. The fluoride centres are doubly bridging. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Neptunium silicide is a binary inorganic compound of neptunium and silicon with the chemical formula . The compound forms crystals and does not dissolve in water. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Like other iron oxalates, ferrous oxalates feature octahedral Fe centers. The dihydrate FeCO(HO) is a coordination polymer, consisting of chains of oxalate-bridged ferrous centers, each with two aquo ligands.<br />
When heated to 120 °C, the dihydrate dehydrates, and the anhydrous ferrous oxalate decomposes near 190 °C... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The roast gas is conveyed through the system by means of an exhaust gas fan (VI). Fans in plants provide pressure increases of approx. 200 mbar and are feedback-controlled to maintain a relative pressure of -3 mbar between reactor and atmosphere to avoid any overpressure-related leakage of acid gas.
To rinse the impell... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Boroxine () is a 6-membered heterocyclic compound composed of alternating oxygen and singly-hydrogenated boron atoms. Boroxine derivatives (boronic anhydrides) such as trimethylboroxine and triphenylboroxine also make up a broader class of compounds called boroxines. These compounds are solids that are usually in equil... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Neptunium diarsenide is a binary inorganic compound of neptunium and arsenic with the chemical formula . The compound forms crystals. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The crystal structure of ScS is closely related to that of sodium chloride, in that it is based on a cubic close packed array of anions. Whereas NaCl has all the octahedral interstices in the anion lattice occupied by cations, ScS has one third of them vacant. The vacancies are ordered, but in a very complicated patter... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
GaAs may have applications in spintronics as it can be used instead of platinum in spin-charge converters and may be more tunable. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
In 1941, Kharash discovered that Grignard reagents add to cyclohexenone in presence of Cu(I) resulting in 1,4-addition instead of 1,2-addition. This work foreshadowed extensive studies on the conjugate additions to enones with organocuprates. Note that if a Grignard reagent (such as RMgBr) is used, the reaction with a... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
A dearomatization reaction is an organic reaction in which the reactants are arenes and the products permanently lose their aromaticity. It is of some importance in synthetic organic chemistry for the organic synthesis of new building blocks and in total synthesis. Types of carbocyclic arene dearomization include hydr... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The prototypical super leaving group is triflate, and the term has come to mean any leaving group of comparable ability. Compounds where loss of a super leaving group can generate a stable carbocation are usually highly reactive and unstable. Thus, the most commonly encountered organic triflates are methyl triflate and... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The dry distillation of calcium acetate to give acetone was reported by Charles Friedel in 1858 and until World War I ketonization was the premier commercial method for its production.
Ketonic decarboxylation of propanoic acid over a manganese(II) oxide catalyst in a tube furnace affords 3-pentanone. Of commercial int... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The polymer-supported synthesis of β-mannosides based on the Crich’s protocol has also been studied in the same laboratories. As shown in Scheme 4, diol 17 was first reacted with polystyrylboronic acid (18) to offer the bound donor 19, in which 4,6-O-phenylboronates served as the torsionally disarming protecting group.... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Keto–enol tautomerism is important in several areas of biochemistry.
The high phosphate-transfer potential of phosphoenolpyruvate results from the fact that the phosphorylated compound is "trapped" in the less thermodynamically favorable enol form, whereas after dephosphorylation it can assume the keto form.
The enzyme... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Potassium sulfides are formed when black powder is burned and are important intermediates in many pyrotechnic effects, such as senko hanabi and some glitter formulations. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Unlike sodium hydroxide, which is soluble, the hydroxides of most transition metals are insoluble, and therefore sodium hydroxide can be used to precipitate transition metal hydroxides. The following colours are observed:
* Copper - blue
* Iron(II) - green
* Iron(III) - yellow / brown
Zinc and lead salts dissolve in ex... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Lanthanum(III) oxide, also known as lanthana, chemical formula , is an inorganic compound containing the rare earth element lanthanum and oxygen. It is used in some ferroelectric materials, as a component of optical materials, and is a feedstock for certain catalysts, among other uses. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Cobalt(II) chloride is an inorganic compound, a salt of cobalt and chlorine, with the formula . The compound forms several hydrates ·n, for n = 1, 2, 6, and 9. Claims of the formation of tri- and tetrahydrates have not been confirmed. The anhydrous form is a blue crystalline solid; the dihydrate is purple and the hexah... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Praseodymium(IV) fluoride can be prepared by the effect of krypton difluoride on praseodymium(IV) oxide:
Praseodymium(IV) fluoride can also be made by the dissolution of sodium hexafluoropraseodymate(IV) in liquid hydrogen fluoride: | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Epoxidations of alkynes and allenes proceed by concerted mechanisms analogous to epoxidations of simple alkenes. Often, these epoxidized products are unstable and undergo further oxidation reactions via different mechanisms, such as Y-H insertion.
Kinetic studies of heteroatom oxidations have demonstrated that their me... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
NiI has some industrial applications as a catalyst in carbonylation reactions. It is also has niche uses as a reagent in organic synthesis, especially in conjunction with samarium(II) iodide.
Like many nickel complexes, those derived from hydrated nickel iodide have been used in cross coupling. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
For laboratory use, the N-alkylation reaction is often unselective. A variety of alternative methods have been developed, such as the Delépine reaction, which uses hexamine. The Gabriel synthesis, involving the use of an equivalent to NH, only applies to primary alkyl halides. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones are the most commonly employed substrates for vicinal difunctionalization. They tend to be more reactive than acyclic analogues and undergo less direct addition than aldehydes. Amides and esters can be used to encourage conjugate addition in cases when direct addition may be competitive (... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The asymmetric hydrogenation of furans and benzofurans is challenging.
<br />
Asymmetric hydrogenation of thiophenes and benzothiophenes has been catalyzed by some ruthenium(II) complexes of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC). This system appears to possess superb selectivity (ee > 90%) and perfect diastereoselectivity (a... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The reaction was originally carried out in diethyl ether and routinely generated high yields due to the inherent irreversibly of the reaction caused by the formation of nitrogen gas. Though these reactions can be carried out at room temperature, the rate does increase at higher temperatures. Typically, the reaction is... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Reactions of linear topology are the most common, and consist of all transformations whose transition states are acyclic, including addition, elimination, substitution, and (some types of) fragmentation reactions. By contrast, in pericyclic reactions, the atoms under chemical change form a single closed cycle, and incl... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The development of facile chemical glycosylation protocols is essential to synthesizing complex oligosaccharides. Among many diverse type of glycosidic linkages, the 1,2-cis-β-glycoside, which exists in many biologically relevant glycoconjugates and oligosaccharides, is arguably one of the most difficult to synthesize.... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Lanthanum oxide is used as an additive to develop certain ferroelectric materials, such as La-doped bismuth titanate ( - BLT).
Lanthanum oxide is used in optical materials; often the optical glasses are doped with to improve the glass' refractive index, chemical durability, and mechanical strength.
The addition of the... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Many CF-containing metal complexes have been prepared, and some are useful for trifluoromethylation. The most obvious reagent is CFLi, which can be generated by lithium-iodide exchange. This compound is however unstable even at low temperatures. It degrades to lithium fluoride and difluorocarbene. Trifluoromethyl co... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Praseodymium(III) nitride can be prepared by the reaction of nitrogen and metallic praseodymium on heating:
It can also be prepared from the reaction of ammonia and praseodymium metal on heating: | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
For small scale reactions, SF can be inconvenient since it is a gas and stainless steel reaction vessels are required. Many transformations require elevated temperatures. The reaction generates hydrogen fluoride. These concerns have led to interest in alternative fluorinating reagents. Selenium tetrafluoride, a liquid... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Fusion of a cyclooctyne to two aryl rings increases the reaction rate, and the cyclooctyne reagents of the Bertozzi group proceeded through a series of fusions that sought to increase the ring strain even further. DIBO (dibenzo cyclooctyne) was developed as a precursor to BARAC (biarylazacyclooctynone), although calcul... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
N-linked glycosylation is a very prevalent form of glycosylation and is important for the folding of many eukaryotic glycoproteins and for cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix attachment. The N-linked glycosylation process occurs in eukaryotes in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and widely in archa... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Boekelheide reaction is a rearrangement of α-picoline-N-oxides to hydroxymethylpyridines. It is named after Virgil Boekelheide who first reported it in 1954. Originally the reaction was carried out using acetic anhydride, which typically required a period at reflux (~140 °C). The reaction can be performed using tri... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Lanthanum acetate is an inorganic compound, a salt of lanthanum with acetic acid with the chemical formula . | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Neopeltolide was originally isolated from sponges near the Jamaican coast and exhibits nanomolar cytoxic activity against several lines of cancer cells. The synthesis of the neopeltolide macrocyclic core displays a hydrogenation controlled by the ground state conformation of the macrocycle. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Asymmetric Heck reactions establish quaternary or tertiary stereocenters. If migratory insertion generates a quaternary center adjacent to the palladium-carbon bond (as in reactions of trisubstituted or 1,1-disubstituted alkenes), β-hydride elimination toward that center is not possible and it is retained in the produc... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Starting with a zerovalent palladium species and a substrate containing a leaving group in the allylic position, the Tsuji–Trost reaction proceeds through the catalytic cycle outlined below.
First, the palladium coordinates to the alkene, forming a η -allyl-Pd Π complex. The next step is oxidative addition in which the... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Lanthanum cuprate usually refers to the inorganic compound with the formula CuLaO. The name implies that the compound consists of a cuprate (CuO]) salt of lanthanum (La). In fact it is a highly covalent solid. It is prepared by high temperature reaction of lanthanum oxide and copper(II) oxide follow by annealing und... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Usually, the amine reacts as the nucleophile with another organic compound acting as the electrophile. This sense of reactivity may be reversed for some electron-deficient amines, including oxaziridines, hydroxylamines, oximes, and other N–O substrates. When the amine is used as an electrophile, the reaction is called ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Common donors in oligosaccharide synthesis are glycosyl halides, glycosyl acetates, thioglycosides, trichloroacetimidates, pentenyl glycosides, and glycals. Of all these donors, glycosyl halides are classic donors, which played a historical role in the development of glycosylation reactions. Thioglycoside and trichloro... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Aminosulfuranes are highly selective for the replacement of hydroxyl groups with fluoride, but in the absence of alcohol functionality, they have the ability to transform a wide array of substrates into the corresponding fluorides or acyl fluorides. For example, ketones are converted to geminal difluorides. However, ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Simple N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based ligands have proven impractical for asymmetrical hydrogenation.
Some C,N ligands combine an NHC with a chiral oxazoline to give a chelating ligand. NHC-based ligands of the first type have been generated as large libraries from the reaction of smaller libraries of individual NH... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The reaction steps are:
* hydrogenation of -glucose to -sorbitol, an organic reaction with nickel as a catalyst under high temperature and high pressure.
* Microbial oxidation or fermentation of sorbitol to -sorbose with acetobacter at pH 4-6 and 30 °C.
* protection of the 4 hydroxyl groups in sorbose by formation of t... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Isomerization of epoxides to allylic alcohols under strongly basic conditions proceeds by a β-elimination process. A model has been advanced that invokes an initial complex between the lithium amide base and epoxide. Concerted C–O bond cleavage and deprotonation proceeds via a syn transition state to give an allylic al... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Sommelet reaction is an organic reaction in which a benzyl halide is converted to an aldehyde by action of hexamine and water. It is named after the French chemist Marcel Sommelet, who first reported the reaction in 1913.
One example, thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde is prepared by the reaction of hexamine with 2-chlorom... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
To a stirred mixture of 13.5 mL (4.09 mmol) of a 0.303 N standard solution of silylated N-acetylguanine in 1,2-dichloroethane and 1.86 g (3.7 mmol) of benzoate-protected 1-acetoxy ribose in 35 mL of 1,2-dichloroethane was added 6.32 mL (4.46 mmol) of a 0.705 N standard solution of TMSOTf in 1,2-dichloroethane. The reac... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Wang et al. proposed a novel method for [4+2] annulation via a palladium catalyzed intermolecular pathway. Derivatives are formed in moderate to good yield; acridine is essential for high reaction efficiency. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
A wide variety of enantioselective additions employing chiral, non-racemic Lewis acids are known. The chiral (acyloxy)borane or "CAB" catalyst 1, titanium-BINOL system 2, and silver-BINAP system 3 provide addition products in high ee via the Lewis-acid-promoted mechanism described above. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
crystallizes in two forms (polymorphs). At room temperature, the compound is stable in the orthorhombic cotunnite (Lead(II) chloride|) structure, whereas the cubic fluorite structure (calcium fluoride|) is stable between 925 and 963 °C. Both polymorphs accommodate the preference of the large ion for coordination numbe... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Many S-N compounds are prepared from . Reaction with piperidine generates :
A related cation is also known, i.e. .
Treatment with tetramethylammonium azide produces the heterocycle :
Cyclo- has 10 pi-electrons.
In a related reaction, the use of the bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium azide gives a salt containing the blue ... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
If an unsymmetrical ketone is subjected to base, it has the potential to form two regioisomeric enolates (ignoring enolate geometry). For example:
The trisubstituted enolate is considered the kinetic enolate, while the tetrasubstituted enolate is considered the thermodynamic enolate. The alpha hydrogen deprotonated to ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Minisci reaction () is a named reaction in organic chemistry. It is a nucleophilic radical substitution to an electron deficient aromatic compound, most commonly the introduction of an alkyl group to a nitrogen containing heterocycle. The reaction was published in 1971 by F. Minisci. In the case of N-Heterocycles,... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Plutonium selenide is a binary inorganic compound of plutonium and selenium with the chemical formula PuSe. The compound forms black crystals and does not dissolve in water. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Multiple Michael/aldol reaction (or domino Michael/aldol reaction) is a consecutive series of reactions composed of either Michael addition reactions or aldol reactions. More than two steps of reaction are usually involved. This reaction has been used for synthesis of large macrocyclic or polycyclic ring structures.
Ga... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Aldehyde substituents suffer nucleophilic addition in the presence of organolithium compounds; however, adducts of aldehydes with lithium diamines can serve as effective directing groups for lateral lithiation. Subsequent treatment with an electrophilic primary alkyl halide and elimination of the diamine provides funct... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Cellulose is a polyol and thus susceptible to acetylation, which is achieved using acetic anhydride. Acetylation disrupts hydrogen bonding, which otherwise dominates the properties of cellulose. Consequently, the cellulose esters are soluble in organic solvents and can be cast into fibers and films. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Organometallic nucleophiles used for conjugate additions are most often prepared in situ. The use of anhydrous equipment and inert atmosphere is necessary. Because these factors are sometimes difficult to control and the strength of freshly prepared reagents can vary substantially, titration methods are necessary to ve... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Early investigations of macrocyclic stereocontrol studied the alkylation of 8-membered cyclic ketones with varying substitution. In the example below, alkylation of 2-methylcyclooctanone occurred to yield the predominantly trans product. Proceeding from the lowest energy conformation of 2-methylcycloctanone, peripheral... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Regiospecific formation is the controlled enolate formation by the specific deprotonation at one of the α-carbons of the ketone starting molecule. This provides one of the best understood synthetic strategies to introduce chemical complexity in natural product and total syntheses. A prominent example of its use is in t... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The identity of this complex anion is uncertain, suggestions include [Co(κ-CO)], [Co(κ-COH)(OH)], and [Co(κ-CO)(κ-CO)(OH)]. Thermal gravimetric analysis favors the presence of one aquo ligand, and infra-red spectroscopy indicates the presence of both bi- and unidentate carbonate ligands. The addition of [[hexaamminec... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The red form of HgO can be made by heating Hg in oxygen at roughly 350 °C, or by pyrolysis of Hg(NO). The yellow form can be obtained by precipitation of aqueous Hg with alkali. The difference in color is due to particle size; both forms have the same structure consisting of near linear O-Hg-O units linked in zigzag ch... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Hydrogen cyanide is a linear molecule, with a triple bond between carbon and nitrogen. The tautomer of HCN is HNC, hydrogen isocyanide.
Hydrogen cyanide is weakly acidic with a pK of 9.2. It partially ionizes in water to give the cyanide anion, CN. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in water, represented as HCN, is called ... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The formation of sodium aluminosilicate makes the Bayer process uneconomical for bauxites high in silica. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Nontrigonal pnictogen compounds refer to tricoordinate trivalent pnictogen (phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth: P, As, Sb and Bi) compounds that are not of typical trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry. By virtue of their geometric constraint, these compounds exhibit distinct electronic structures and reactiviti... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Azanes are acyclic, saturated hydronitrogens, which means that they consist only of hydrogen and nitrogen atoms and all bonds are single bonds. They are therefore pnictogen hydrides. Because cyclic hydronitrogens are excluded by definition, the azanes comprise a homologous series of inorganic compounds with the genera... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Chiral amide bases may be used in catalytic amounts to isomerize meso epoxides to chiral allylic alcohols with high enantioselectivity. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The primary debate concerning the mechanism of the rearrangement centers on whether it is a concerted (sigmatropic) or stepwise (diradical) process. Mechanistic experiments have shown that trans-divinylcyclopropanes epimerize to the corresponding cis isomers and undergo the rearrangement via what is most likely a conce... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The transition state model for a six-membered oxocarbenium ring was proposed earlier in 1992 by Woods et al. The general strategy for determining the stereochemistry of a nucleophilic addition to a six-membered ring follows a similar procedure to the case of the five-membered ring. The assumption that one makes for thi... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
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Wikipedia Organic vs Inorganic Chemistry Binary Classification
This dataset is derived from the English Wikipedia articles and is designed for binary text classification tasks in the field of chemistry. The dataset is divided into two classes based on the type of chemical reactions and compounds discussed in the articles:
Organic Reactions: this class involve chemical processes that occur within organic compounds, which typically contain carbon-hydrogen bonds. These reactions are fundamental to organic chemistry and include a wide range of mechanisms and transformations.
Inorganic Reactions and Compounds: this class is divided into two subcategories:
- Inorganic Reactions: These articles cover chemical reactions involving inorganic compounds, which generally do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds. Inorganic reactions are crucial to understanding the behavior and properties of minerals, metals, and other non-organic substances.
- Inorganic Compounds: These articles focus on the properties, synthesis, and applications of inorganic compounds, which include salts, metals, and minerals.
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