text stringlengths 105 6.5k | label int64 0 1 | label_text stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|
Mercury oxide is sometimes used in the production of mercury as it decomposes quite easily. When it decomposes, oxygen gas is generated.
It is also used as a material for cathodes in mercury batteries. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Rieche formylation is a type of formylation reaction. The substrates are electron rich aromatic compounds, such as mesitylene or phenols, with dichloromethyl methyl ether acting as the formyl source. The catalyst is titanium tetrachloride and the workup is acidic. The reaction is named after Alfred Rieche who discovere... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Metal borate thin films have been grown by a variety of techniques, including liquid-phase epitaxy (e.g. FeBO, β‐BaBO), electron-beam evaporation (e.g. CrBO, β‐BaBO), pulsed laser deposition (e.g. β‐BaBO, Eu(BO)), and atomic layer deposition (ALD). Growth by ALD was achieved using precursors composed of the tris(pyraz... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
In 1960, Vogel discovered that 1,2-divinylcyclopropane rearranges to cycloheptan-1,4-diene., After his discovery, a series of intense mechanistic investigations of the reaction followed in the 1960s, as researchers realized it bore resemblance (both structural and mechanistic) to the related rearrangement of vinylcyclo... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Bone ash is a key raw material for bone china. Constituting around 50% of the body, it reacts with other raw materials in the body during firing to form, amongst other phases, anorthite.
In preparation for use in bone china, bones undergo multiple processing stages, including:
* Removal of any meat before being degreas... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Glycosylation can also be effected using the tools of synthetic organic chemistry. Unlike the biochemical processes, synthetic glycochemistry relies heavily on protecting groups (e.g. the 4,6-O-benzylidene) in order to achieve desired regioselectivity. The other challenge of chemical glycosylation is the stereoselectiv... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The silyl-Hilbert-Johnson reaction is the most commonly used method for the synthesis of nucleosides from heterocyclic and sugar-based starting materials. However, the reaction suffers from some issues that are not associated with other methods, such as unpredictable site selectivity in some cases (see below). This sec... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The stereochemical result of a given reaction on a macrocycle capable of adopting several conformations can be modeled by a Curtin-Hammett scenario. In the diagram below, the two ground state conformations exist in an equilibrium, with some difference in their ground state energies. Conformation B is lower in energy t... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Acidifiers are inorganic chemicals that, put into a human (or other mammalian) body, either produce or become acid.
These chemicals increase the level of gastric acid in the stomach when ingested, thus decreasing the stomach pH.
Out of many types of acidifiers, the main four are:
* Gastric acidifiers, these are the dru... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The reaction is catalyzed by a base and a divalent metal such as calcium. The intermediary steps taking place are aldol reactions, reverse aldol reactions, and aldose-ketose isomerizations. Intermediates are glycolaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, and tetrose sugars. In 1959, Breslow proposed a mechanism f... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Two limiting mechanisms, one operating under kinetic and the other thermodynamic control, have been identified for lateral lithiation reactions. The mechanisms of most lateral lithiations fall somewhere between these two limiting mechanisms, and the precise mechanism of a particular lithiation depends on two factors:
*... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
A number of metal borates are known. They can be obtained by treating boric acid or boron oxides with metal oxides. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Transamination catalyzed by aminotransferase occurs in two stages. In the first step, the α amino group of an amino acid is transferred to the enzyme, producing the corresponding α-keto acid and the aminated enzyme. During the second stage, the amino group is transferred to the keto acid acceptor, forming the amino aci... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In organic synthesis, organic reactions are ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Other enzymes that may be used for asymmetric ester hydrolysis include electric eel acetylcholinesterase, chymotrypsin, and Baker's yeast. The substrate scope of these enzymes differs from PLE, and in some cases they may provide hydrolyzed products in higher yield or enantioselectivity than PLE. Microorganisms may also... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Cadmium sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula CdS. Cadmium sulfide is a yellow salt. It occurs in nature with two different crystal structures as the rare minerals greenockite and hawleyite, but is more prevalent as an impurity substituent in the similarly structured zinc ores sphalerite and wurtzite, whic... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Ortho lithiation followed by methylation with methyl iodide is a convenient method for the synthesis of starting materials for lateral lithiations. Elaboration of the benzylic carbon through lateral lithiation and treatment with an electrophile provides a powerful synthetic alternative to direct electrophilic aromatic ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Theoretically, any biomass can be converted into bio-oil using hydrothermal liquefaction regardless of water content, and various different biomasses have been tested, from forestry and agriculture residues, sewage sludges, food process wastes, to emerging non-food biomass such as algae. The composition of cellulose, h... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Outside of the industrial sector, cracking of C-C and C-H bonds are rare chemical reactions. In principle, ethane can undergo homolysis:
:CHCH → 2 CH•
Because C-C bond energy is so high (377 kJ/mol), this reaction is not observed under laboratory conditions. More common examples of cracking reactions involve retro-Di... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Electrophilic additions of allylsilanes generally occur via an anti S2 process. Allylsilanes react through a conformation in which the smallest substituent on the carbon attached to silicon is essentially eclipsing the double bond. The silyl moiety forces electrophilic attack on the face opposite the silyl group for st... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
This process was patented and sold to Hoffmann-La Roche in 1934. The first commercially sold vitamin C product was either Cebion from Merck or Redoxon from Hoffmann-La Roche.
Even today industrial methods for the production of ascorbic acid can be based on the Reichstein process. In modern methods however, sorbose is d... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Magnesium oxalate can by synthesized by combining a magnesium salt or ion with an oxalate.
: Mg + CO → MgCO
A specific example of a synthesis would be mixing Mg(NO) and KOH and then adding that solution to dimethyl oxalate, (COOCH).
When heated, magnesium oxalate will decompose. First, the dihydrate will decompose at 1... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Lead(II) azide is an inorganic compound. More so than other azides, it is explosive. It is used in detonators to initiate secondary explosives. In a commercially usable form, it is a white to buff powder. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Desulfonylation reactions are chemical reactions leading to the removal of a sulfonyl group from organic compounds. As the sulfonyl functional group is electron-withdrawing, methods for cleaving the sulfur–carbon bonds of sulfones are typically reductive in nature. Olefination or replacement with hydrogen may be accomp... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The diphosphine ligands have received considerably more attention than the monophosphines and, perhaps as a consequence, have a much longer list of achievement. This class includes the first ligand to achieve high selectivity (DIOP), the first ligand to be used in industrial asymmetric synthesis (DIPAMP) and what is l... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Methanation is an important step in the creation of synthetic or substitute natural gas (SNG). Coal or wood undergo gasification which creates a producer gas that must undergo methanation in order to produce a usable gas that just needs to undergo a final purification step.
The first commercial synthetic gas plant open... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The amino radical may also be produced by reaction of e(aq) with hydroxylamine (). Several studies also utilized the redox system of for the production of amino radicals using electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and polarography. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The water–gas shift reaction (WGSR) describes the reaction of carbon monoxide and water vapor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen:
: CO + HO CO + H
The water gas shift reaction was discovered by Italian physicist Felice Fontana in 1780. It was not until much later that the industrial value of this reaction was ... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
When doped with a suitable transition metal such as manganese, GaN is a promising spintronics material (magnetic semiconductors). | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The synthesis of (±)-periplanone B is a prominent example of macrocyclic stereocontrol. Periplanone B is a sex pheromone of the American female cockroach, and has been the target of several synthetic attempts. Significantly, two reactions on the macrocyclic precursor to (±)-periplanone B were directed using only grou... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Schöllkopf method or Schöllkopf Bis-Lactim Amino Acid Synthesis is a method in organic chemistry for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral amino acids. The method was established in 1981 by Ulrich Schöllkopf. In it glycine is a substrate, valine a chiral auxiliary and the reaction taking place an alkylation. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Carbonatation is a slow process that occurs in concrete where lime (CaO, or Ca(OH)) in the cement reacts with carbon dioxide (CO) from the air and forms calcium carbonate.
The water in the pores of Portland cement concrete is normally alkaline with a pH in the range of 12.5 to 13.5. This highly alkaline environment is ... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Because they form a strong electrophile when treated with Lewis acids, acyl halides are commonly used as acylating agents. For example, Friedel–Crafts acylation uses acetyl chloride () as the agent and aluminum chloride () as a catalyst to add an acetyl group to benzene:
This reaction is an example of electrophilic aro... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Labeling studies establish the following regiochemistry:
:RCDO + CH=CHR → RC(O)CHCHDR
In terms of the reaction mechanism, hydroacylation begins with oxidative addition of the aldehydic carbon-hydrogen bond. The resulting acyl hydride complex next binds the alkene. The sequence of oxidative addition and alkene coo... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Compounds containing both a primary or secondary amine and carbonyl functional group are often labile. This guideline applies to amino aldehydes, amino-ketones, and amino-esters; indeed a molecule cannot carry simultaneously (unprotected) aldehyde and amine groups. Aminoacetone, the simplest amino ketone, cannot be is... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Class IIA HDACs includes HDAC4, HDAC5, HDAC7 and HDAC9. HDACs 4 and 5 have been found to most closely resemble each other while HDAC7 maintains a resemblance to both of them. There have been three discovered variants of HDAC9 including HDAC9a, HDAC9b and HDAC9c/HDRP, while more have been suspected. The variants of ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The normal halide of boron is boron trifluoride|. Boron forms many subhalides: several , including diboron tetrafluoride|; also BF. Aluminium forms a variety of subhalides. For gallium, adducts of are known. Phosphorus subhalides include diphosphorus tetraiodide|, , and (structurally related to ). For bismuth, the co... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Nucleotides can undergo enzyme-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization in order to produce several important biological molecules. These cyclizations typically proceed through an oxocarbenium intermediate. An example of this reaction can be seen in the cyclization cyclic ADP ribose, which is an important molecule for intr... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Hexaamminenickel chloride is the chemical compound with the formula [Ni(NH)]Cl. It is the chloride salt of the metal ammine complex [Ni(NH)]. The cation features six ammonia (called ammines in coordination chemistry) ligands attached to the nickel(II) ion. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
LSAT has a Mohs hardness of 6.5, placing it between quartz and the mineral feldspar. Its relative dielectric constant is ~22 and it has a thermal expansion coefficient of 8~10×10/K. The thermal conductivity of LSAT is 5.1 WmK. LSAT's (cubic) lattice parameter of 3.868 Å makes it compatible for the growth of a wide rang... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
CdS and CdSe form solid solutions with each other. Increasing amounts of cadmium selenide, gives pigments verging toward red, for example CI pigment orange 20 and CI pigment red 108.<br />Such solid solutions are components of photoresistors (light dependent resistors) sensitive to visible and near infrared light. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The reaction involving benzaldehyde was discovered by Claisen using sodium benzylate as base. The reaction produces benzyl benzoate.
Enolizable aldehydes are not amenable to Claisen's conditions. Vyacheslav Tishchenko discovered that aluminium alkoxides allowed the conversion of enolizable aldehydes to esters. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The synthesis of borjatriol involved the rare isolation of a migrated epoxide. The diastereomeric mixture of rearrangement products was carried through the remainder of the synthesis.
The final two steps in the total synthesis of spatol involved intramolecular electrophilic trapping of an alkoxide derived from a rearra... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Deprotonation of enolizable ketones, aldehydes, and esters gives enolates. Enolates can be trapped by the addition of electrophiles at oxygen. Silylation gives silyl enol ether. Acylation gives
esters such as vinyl acetate. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Single crystals of lanthanum aluminate are commercially available as a substrate for the epitaxial growth of perovskites, and particularly for cuprate superconductors. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Blue, white and ultraviolet LEDs are grown on industrial scale by MOVPE. The precursors are ammonia with either trimethylgallium or triethylgallium, the carrier gas being nitrogen or hydrogen. Growth temperature ranges between . Introduction of trimethylaluminium and/or trimethylindium is necessary for growing quantum ... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Hydrogen cyanide (also known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula . It is a colorless, extremely poisonous, and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature, at . HCN is produced on an industrial scale and is a highly valued precursor to many chemical compou... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Among several variants of thermal cracking methods (variously known as the "Shukhov cracking process", "Burton cracking process", "Burton-Humphreys cracking process", and "Dubbs cracking process") Vladimir Shukhov, a Russian engineer, invented and patented, the first in 1891 (Russian Empire, patent no. 12926, November ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Asymmetric hydrogenations are used in the production of several drugs, such as the antibacterial levofloxin, the antibiotic carbapenem, and the antipsychotic agent BMS181100.
Knowles' research into asymmetric hydrogenation and its application to the production scale synthesis of L-Dopa gave asymmetric hydrogenation a s... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Cobalts trichloride was detected in 1952 by Schäfer and Krehl in the gas phase when cobalt(II) chloride is heated in an atmosphere of chlorine . The trichloride is formed through the equilibrium
At 918 K (below the melting point of , 999 K), the trichloride was the predominant cobalt species in the vapor, with partia... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Hydroalumination of alkynes may be either stereospecifically cis or trans depending on the conditions employed. When a dialkylalane such as di(isobutyl)aluminium hydride (DIBAL-H) is used, the hydrogen and aluminium delivered from the reagent end up cis in the resulting alkenylalane. This stereospecificity can be expla... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
In the compound, gallium has a +3 oxidation state. Gallium arsenide single crystals can be prepared by three industrial processes:
* The vertical gradient freeze (VGF) process.
* Crystal growth using a horizontal zone furnace in the Bridgman-Stockbarger technique, in which gallium and arsenic vapors react, and free mol... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Dialkyl (E)-enones have been most commonly epoxidized using either lanthanide/BINOL systems or a magnesium tartrate catalyst.
For alkyl aryl (E)-enones, both polypeptides and lanthanide/BINOL catalysts give good yields and enantioselectivities. The most common polypeptide employed is poly-L-leucine.
Aryl alkyl (E)-enon... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Kröhnke pyridine synthesis is reaction in organic synthesis between α-pyridinium methyl ketone salts and α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds used to generate highly functionalized pyridines. Pyridines occur widely in natural and synthetic products, so there is wide interest in routes for their synthesis. The metho... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Enolate anions are electronically related to allyl anions. The anionic charge is delocalized over the oxygen and the two carbon sites. Thus they have the character of both an alkoxide and a carbanion.
Although they are often drawn as being simple salts, in fact they adopt complicated structures often featuring aggrega... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Several other methods for the electrophilic formation of C-N bonds are available. Nitrites and nitrates can be used to form oximes and nitro compounds, respectively. Additionally, organoboranes can serve the role of the nucleophile and often provide higher yields with fewer complications than analogous carbanions. The ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Eschenmoser sulfide contraction method has been employed in a number of total synthesis efforts, like that of fuligocandin A and B, cocaine, diplodialide A and isoretronecanol
An example of general synthetic utility is the synthesis of novel carbapenems | 0 | Organic Reactions |
In order to take advantage of both the thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction, the industrial scale water gas shift reaction is conducted in multiple adiabatic stages consisting of a high temperature shift (HTS) followed by a low temperature shift (LTS) with intersystem cooling. The initial HTS takes advantage of... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
In organic synthesis, vinyl oxocarbenium ions (structure on right) can be utilized in a wide range of cycloaddition reactions. They are commonly employed as dienophiles in the Diels–Alder reaction. An electron withdrawing ketone is often added to the dienophile to increase the rate of the reaction, and these ketones ar... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Diazomethane and the safer analogue trimethylsilyldiazomethane methylate carboxylic acids, phenols, and even alcohols:
The method offers the advantage that the side products are easily removed from the product mixture. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
It is used in a wide range of applications. For example, it is used as a catalyst for the hydrochlorination of acetylene, or the oxidation of sulfides. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Uranium tetrafluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula UF. It is a green solid with an insignificant vapor pressure and low solubility in water. Uranium in its tetravalent (uranous) state is important in various technological processes. In the uranium refining industry it is known as green salt. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
The formose reaction is of importance to the question of the origin of life, as it leads from simple formaldehyde to complex sugars like ribose, a building block of RNA. In one experiment simulating early Earth conditions, pentoses formed from mixtures of formaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, and borate minerals such as colema... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
There are a total of four classes that categorize Histone Deacetylases (HDACs). Class I includes HDACs 1, 2, 3, and 8. Class II is divided into two subgroups, Class IIA and Class IIB. Class IIA includes HDACs 4, 5, 7, and 9 while Class IIB includes HDACs 6 and 10. Class III contains the Sirtuins and Class IV contains o... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Hexachlorophosphazene reacts readily with alkali metal alkoxides and amides.
The nucleophilic polysubstitution of chloride by alkoxide proceeds via displacement of chloride at separate phosphorus centers:
The observed regioselectivity is due to the combined steric effects and oxygen lone pair π-backdonation (which dea... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Dioxiranes may either be prepared in advance or generated in situ for epoxidation reactions. In most cases, a two-phase system must be set up for in situ epoxidations, as KHSO is not soluble in organic solvents. Thus, substrates or products sensitive to hydrolysis will not survive in situ epoxidations. This section des... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The compound is used in high-end electric and semiconductor products, and as a raw material to produce phosphor. Also it is used as a magnetic material and sputtering target material. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Ammonia borane (also systematically named ammoniotrihydroborate), also called borazane, is the chemical compound with the formula . The colourless or white solid is the simplest molecular boron-nitrogen-hydride compound. It has attracted attention as a source of hydrogen fuel, but is otherwise primarily of academic int... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
HBr can be prepared by distillation of a solution of sodium bromide or potassium bromide with phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid:
: KBr + HSO → KHSO + HBr
Concentrated sulfuric acid is less effective because it oxidizes HBr to bromine:
: 2 HBr + HSO → Br + SO + 2 HO
The acid may be prepared by:
* reaction of bromine with... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Carbene C−H insertion in organic chemistry concerns the insertion reaction of a carbene into a carbon–hydrogen bond. This organic reaction is of some importance in the synthesis of new organic compounds.
Simple carbenes such as the methylene and dichlorocarbene are not regioselective towards insertion. When the ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Stereocontrol for cyclohexane rings is well established in organic chemistry, in large part due to the axial/equatorial preferential positioning of substituents on the ring. Macrocyclic stereocontrol models the substitution and reactions of medium and large rings in organic chemistry, with remote stereogenic elements p... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
A free-radical reaction is any chemical reaction involving free radicals. This reaction type is abundant in organic reactions. Two pioneering studies into free radical reactions have been the discovery of the triphenylmethyl radical by Moses Gomberg (1900) and the lead-mirror experiment described by Friedrich Paneth in... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Kharasch addition is an organic reaction and a metal-catalysed free radical addition of CXCl compounds (X = Cl, Br, H) to alkenes. The reaction is used to append trichloromethyl or dichloromethyl groups to terminal alkenes. The method has attracted considerable interest, but it is of limited value because of narr... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Hydrothermal liquefaction is a fast process, resulting in low residence times for depolymerization to occur. Typical residence times are measured in minutes (15 to 60 minutes); however, the residence time is highly dependent on the reaction conditions, including feedstock, solvent ratio and temperature. As such, optimi... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Beryllium oxalate is an inorganic compound, a salt of beryllium metal and oxalic acid with the chemical formula . It forms colorless crystals, dissolves in water, and also forms crystalline hydrates. The compound is used to prepare ultra-pure beryllium oxide by thermal decomposition. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
In the 1960s and 1970s it was speculated that aluminium was related to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Since then, multiple epidemiological studies have found no connection between exposure to environmental or swallowed aluminium and neurological disorders, though injected aluminium was n... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
In organic chemistry, hydroboration refers to the addition of a hydrogen-boron bond to certain double and triple bonds involving carbon (, , , and ). This chemical reaction is useful in the organic synthesis of organic compounds.
Hydroboration produces organoborane compounds that react with a variety of reagents to pr... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Carbonatation is a chemical reaction in which calcium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide and forms insoluble calcium carbonate:
The process of forming a carbonate is sometimes referred to as "carbonation", although this term usually refers to the process of dissolving carbon dioxide in water. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Vanadates can behave as structural mimics of phosphates, and in this way they exhibit biological activity.
Ammonium metavanadate is used to prepare Mandelin reagent, a qualitative test for alkaloids. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Enantiopure, planar chiral chromium arene complexes can be synthesized using several strategies. Diastereoselective complexation of a chiral, non-racemic arene to chromium is one such strategy. In the example in equation (5), enantioselective Corey-Itsuno reduction sets up a diastereoselective ligand substitution react... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The Bunsen reaction is a chemical reaction that describes water, sulfur dioxide, and iodine reacting to form sulfuric acid and hydrogen iodide:
: 2HO + SO + I → HSO + 2HI
This reaction is the first step in the sulfur-iodine cycle to produce hydrogen. The products separate into two aqueous layers, with the sulfuric acid... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Lanthanum hydroxide can be obtained by adding an alkali such as ammonia to aqueous solutions of lanthanum salts such as lanthanum nitrate. This produces a gel-like precipitate that can then be dried in air.
Alternatively, it can be produced by hydration reaction (addition of water) to lanthanum oxide. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Copper(II) borate is an inorganic compound with the formula Cu(B O). It has previously studied due to its photocatalytic properties. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Diborane can be produced in situ by reduction BF with NaBH (see for Flavopiridol). Usually however, borane dimethylsulfide complex BHS(CH) (BMS) is used as a source of BH. It can be obtained in highly concentrated forms.
The adduct BH(THF) is also commercially available as THF solutions wherein it exists as the 1:1 ad... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Reactions of organocopper reagents involve species containing copper-carbon bonds acting as nucleophiles in the presence of organic electrophiles. Organocopper reagents are now commonly used in organic synthesis as mild, selective nucleophiles for substitution and conjugate addition reactions.
Since the discovery that ... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Fluorination by sulfur tetrafluoride produces organofluorine compounds from oxygen-containing organic functional groups using sulfur tetrafluoride. The reaction has broad scope, and SF is an inexpensive reagent. It is however hazardous gas whose handling requires specialized apparatus. Thus, for many laboratory scal... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The environment, health and safety aspects of gallium arsenide sources (such as trimethylgallium and arsine) and industrial hygiene monitoring studies of metalorganic precursors have been reported. California lists gallium arsenide as a carcinogen, as do IARC and ECA, and it is considered a known carcinogen in animals.... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
(-)-C-demethyl arteannuin B is a structural analog of the antimalarial artemisinin. It exhibits potent antimalarial activity even against a drug-resistant strain. Little and coworkers obtained the alkylated hydrazone in diastereomerically pure form (de > 95%) through the Enders' alkylation reaction. This intermediate w... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Dolomitization is a geological process by which the carbonate mineral dolomite is formed when magnesium ions replace calcium ions in another carbonate mineral, calcite. It is common for this mineral alteration into dolomite to take place due to evaporation of water in the sabkha area. Dolomitization involves substantia... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Metal halides are often readily available precursors for other inorganic compounds. Mentioned above, the halide compounds can be made anhydrous by heat, vacuum, or treatment with thionyl chloride.
Halide ligands may be abstracted by silver(I), often as the tetrafluoroborate or the hexafluorophosphate. In many transitio... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Glucuronidation occurs mainly in the liver, although the enzyme responsible for its catalysis, UDP-glucuronyltransferase, has been found in all major body organs (e.g., intestine, kidneys, brain, adrenal gland, spleen, and thymus). | 0 | Organic Reactions |
In 1929, the conversion of oleic acid to stearic acid in the presence of hydrazine was observed. The short-lived intermediate diimide was not implicated in this reductive process until the 1960s. Since that time, several methods of generating transient amounts of diimide have been developed. In the presence of unpolari... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Various polysulfides - are components of liver of sulfur. Polysulfides, like sulfides, can induce stress corrosion cracking in carbon steel and stainless steel. | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Electrophilic substitution of unsaturated silanes involves attack of an electrophile on an allyl- or vinylsilane. An allyl or vinyl group is incorporated at the electrophilic center after loss of the silyl group. | 0 | Organic Reactions |
Anhydrous iron(II) oxalate is unknown among minerals as of 2020. However, the dihydrate is known as humboldtine. A related, though much more complex mineral is stepanovite,<br>
Na[Mg(HO)] [Fe(CO)]·3HO - an example of trioxalatoferrate(III). | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Amino radicals can be produced by reacting OH radical with ammonia in irradiated aqueous solutions. This reaction is formulated as a hydrogen abstraction reaction.
The rate constant (k) for this reaction was determined to be , while the parallel reaction of OH with was found to be much slower. This rate was redetermin... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Gallium nitride () is a binary III/V direct bandgap semiconductor commonly used in blue light-emitting diodes since the 1990s. The compound is a very hard material that has a Wurtzite crystal structure. Its wide band gap of 3.4 eV affords it special properties for applications in optoelectronic, high-power and high-fre... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Trioxidane (systematically named dihydrogen trioxide,), also called hydrogen trioxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (can be written as or ). It is one of the unstable hydrogen polyoxides. In aqueous solutions, trioxidane decomposes to form water and singlet oxygen:
The reverse reaction, the addi... | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
In organic chemistry, annulation (; occasionally annelation) is a chemical reaction in which a new ring is constructed on a molecule.
Examples are the Robinson annulation, Danheiser annulation and certain cycloadditions. Annular molecules are constructed from side-on condensed cyclic segments, for example helicenes an... | 0 | Organic Reactions |
The title complex is one of several platinum ammine complexes.
*Hexaammineplatinum(IV) chloride
*Trichlorotriammineplatinum(IV) chloride
*cis-Tetrachlorodiammineplatinum(IV)
*trans-Tetrachlorodiammineplatinum(IV) (RN 16986-23-5) | 1 | Inorganic Reactions + Inorganic Compounds |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.