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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A group of researchers recently conducted a meta-analysis of twenty clinical trials encompassing 10,000 women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer who were disease-free following adjuvant radiotherapy. After an observation period of 15 years, the relationship between tumor grade and distant recurrence of can... | C: 550/2500 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Specificity for breast examination is traditionally rather high among community practitioners. A team of new researchers sets forth a goal to increase specificity in detection of breast cancer from the previously reported national average of 74%. Based on the following results, has the team achieved its goal? Breast ... | B: Yes, the team has achieved an increase in specificity of approximately 8%. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to the physician for evaluation of pallor and increasing lethargy for 3 days. Six days ago, he experienced abdominal pain, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea that have since resolved. The family returned from a road trip to Mexico 4-weeks ago. His temperature is 38.8°C (101.8°F), pulse is 128/m... | C: Microthrombi formation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old woman comes to the physician for worsening fatigue and dyspnea for several months. She has not been seen by a physician in 10 years. She is also concerned about the appearance of her fingernails. A photograph of her hands is shown. Which of the following is the most likely underlying cause for the patie... | C: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. She feels well. Menses have occured at regular 30-day intervals and last for 5 days with normal flow. She has a history of gonorrhea that was treated at 20 years of age. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 3 years. Sh... | A: Colposcopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man with a history of myocardial infarction is admitted to the hospital for treatment of atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. He is 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) tall and weighs 80 kg (173 lb). He is given an intravenous bolus of 150 mg of amiodarone. After 20 minutes, the amiodarone plasma concen... | B: 60 L |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man presents with a fever that has persisted for 3 days. He says that the fever was initially low at around 37.8°C (100.0°F), but, for the past 2 days, it has been around 38.9°C (102.0°F), regardless of his attempts to bring it down. He has also noticed some bumps on his neck. On further questioning, he... | E: It binds to the 30S subunit and prevents the formation of the initiation complex |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy is rushed to the emergency room after developing severe abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting for a day at a summer camp. He also has a bad cough and generalized muscle weakness. He was doing fine until these symptoms started on day 3 of his camp. Past medical history obtained from his parents on t... | B: Iatrogenic suppression of a trophic effect on the adrenal glands |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-day-old newborn is brought into the pediatrician by her parents for new-onset vaginal bleeding. This morning, when the patient’s father was changing her diaper he noticed blood and white vaginal discharge. The patient was born at 39 weeks to a G1P1 mother who has well-controlled type 1 diabetes. The pregnancy and... | D: Maternal estrogen withdrawal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Image A depicts the distribution of the lab value of interest in 250 patients. Given that this is not a normal (i.e. Gaussian) distribution, how many patients are contained in the portion highlighted blue?? {'A': '125 patients', 'B': '130 patients', 'C': '140 patients', 'D': '250 patients', 'E': 'Not enough informati... | A: 125 patients |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator develops a new drug that decreases the number of voltage-gated potassium channels in cardiac muscle cell membranes. Which of the following is the most likely effect of this drug on the myocardial action potential?? {'A': 'Decreased resting membrane potential', 'B': 'Accelerated depolarization', 'C': '... | C: Delayed repolarization |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He states that he has felt fatigued and dizzy on several occasions over the past week. He has back pain for which he takes ibuprofen. Digital rectal examination shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin concentra... | C: Kidney stones |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of conjunctivitis, sensitivity to bright light, and decreased visual acuity. She denies a history of ocular trauma. She wears contact lenses and thought that the contact lenses may be the cause of the symptoms, although she has always used ... | A: Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy presents with persistent epistaxis. The patient’s mother says that his nosebleed started suddenly 2 hours ago, and has not ceased after more than 20 minutes of applying pressure. She states that he has a history of nosebleeds since he was a toddler, but, in the past, they usually stopped after a few ... | A: Factor IX deficiency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for leg pain. The patient works as a mailman but states he has had difficulty completing his deliveries for the past month. He complains of a burning and tingling pain in his legs when he walks that goes away when he sits down and takes a break. The patient has... | A: Ankle-brachial index |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman comes to the physician with a 6-month history of black spots in her vision. She has been unable to drive at night for the past 4 months. The patient has rheumatoid arthritis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and depression. Her mother has glaucoma. She has never smoked. She drinks one or two glasses of h... | A: Chloroquine retinopathy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman is brought to the physician by her daughter because she has been intermittently crying for 6 hours and does not want to get out of bed. Her symptoms started after she was fired yesterday from her job of 20 years. She says she feels sad and does not understand what she will do with her life now. Sh... | C: Normal stress reaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 83-year-old bedbound man presents with a shallow open ulcer over his sacrum, with a red wound bed. Upon further examination, he also has areas of non-blanching redness on his lateral malleoli. Which of the following interventions would most likely have prevented his condition?? {'A': 'Elevating the head of the bed... | E: Frequent repositioning |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An infant boy is brought to the physician for a well-child examination. He was born at term and has been healthy since. He is beginning to crawl but can not yet walk or run. He feeds himself small foods and can bang 2 cubes together. He is just beginning to successfully use a pincer grasp. He has stranger anxiety. He... | E: Says mama or dada |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 8-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her parents because of concern for growth retardation. Although she has always been short for her age, her classmates have begun teasing her for her height. She is at the 5th percentile for height and 25th percentile for weight. Physical examination ... | B: Aortic stenosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman presents to the clinic for routine follow-up. She recently discovered that she is pregnant and is worried about taking medications throughout her pregnancy. She has a history of hypothyroidism and takes levothyroxine daily. Her vital signs are unremarkable. Her physical exam is consistent with the... | D: Well-controlled studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy, and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old female with a history of breast cancer currently on chemotherapy is brought by her husband to her oncologist for evaluation of a tremor. She reports that she developed a hand tremor approximately six months ago, prior to the start of her chemotherapy. The tremor is worse at rest and decreases with purpo... | E: Metoclopramide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old female with a long-standing history of poorly-controlled diabetes presents with 3 weeks of abnormal walking. She says that lately she has noticed that she keeps dragging the toes of her right foot while walking, and this has led to her stubbing her toes. Upon physical exam, you notice a right unilateral... | B: Deep peroneal nerve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician because of a 4-day history of fever, chills, nausea, and abdominal pain. He does not use illicit drugs. His temperature is 39°C (102.2°F). Physical examination shows right upper quadrant tenderness. Ultrasonography of the abdomen shows a 6-cm soli... | C: Myeloperoxidase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which T-lymphocytes initiate an immune system response targeting the myelin sheaths of the central nervous system. What stage of T-lymphocyte development is the most likely to be defective in this disorder?? {'A': 'Positive selection', 'B': 'Negative selection', 'C': 'D-... | B: Negative selection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up evaluation one week after being discharged from the hospital for acute pancreatitis and alcohol withdrawal. He drinks 8 to 10 beers daily. When the physician asks him about his alcohol use, the patient says, “This is the second time in a year that I have experi... | E: Contemplation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old male in West Virgina presents to the emergency room complaining that his vision has deteriorated within the past several hours to the point that he can no longer see. He explains that some acquaintances sold him some homemade liquor and stated that it was pure as it burned with a "yellow flame." Which o... | B: Ethanol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old woman with HIV infection presents to the emergency department because of a 4-week history of progressively worsening fatigue and headache. On mental status examination, the patient is somnolent and oriented only to person. Her CD4+ lymphocyte count is 80/mm3 (N = 500). Analysis of this patient's cerebro... | C: Cranial neuropathy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man presents with 2 weeks of low-grade fever, malaise, night sweats, orthopnea, and shortness of breath. Past medical history is unremarkable. He reports a long-standing history of intravenous drug use for which he has been hospitalized a couple of times in the psychiatry ward. His vital signs upon admi... | D: Blood culture |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old-man presents to his physician with worsening myalgias and new symptoms of early fatigue, muscle weakness, and drooping eyelids. His wife presents with him and states that he never used to have such symptoms. His medical history is significant for gout, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellit... | D: Exclusion of a thymoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man presents his primary care physician for follow-up. 3 months ago, he was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metformin was started. Today, his HbA1C is 7.9%. The physician decides to add pioglitazone for better control of hyperglycemia. Which of the following is a contraindication to pioglita... | E: History of bladder cancer |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman comes in to see her physician because she has had undiagnosed abdominal pain for the past 3 and a half years. Her pain is not related to meals and does not correspond to a particular time of day, although she does report nausea and bloating. In the past two years she has had two endoscopies, a col... | A: Somatic symptom disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 18-year-old man is hospitalized after a suicide attempt, his 6th such attempt in the last 4 years. He was diagnosed with depression 5 years ago, for which he takes fluoxetine. He is currently complaining of severe and worsening left knee swelling and pain since he attempted suicide by jumping out of his second-sto... | C: Administer intravenous antibiotics and repeat arthrocentesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old man who underwent a bilateral lung transplant 11 months ago presented to the emergency room with fevers and chills. After the transplant procedure, he was immediately placed on immunosuppressive treatment; however, for unknown reasons he stopped taking the prophylactically-prescribed voriconazole (a tri... | A: Coccidioides species |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old man presents to the urgent care clinic with a persistent cough and progressively worsening shortness of breath. He has had these symptoms for several weeks and used to only become breathless during exercise but now has breathing difficulty while at rest. The patient says that he has mild-to-moderate res... | E: Cystic airspaces in the lung interstitium on CT scan |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her parents for the evaluation of belly pain and a pruritic skin rash on her shoulders for the last 6 months. She describes feeling bloated after meals. Over the past 3 months, she has had multiple loose bowel movements per day. She appears thin. She is at the 20th pe... | D: IgA tissue transglutaminase antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year old woman presents to her family physician 6 months after the death of her husband, who died following a car accident. She is crying inconsolably and reports that she no longer enjoys doing the things she and her husband once did together. She feels guilty for the time she wasted arguing with him in the pas... | A: ↓ Norepinephrine, ↓ Serotonin, ↓ Dopamine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old male with history of CHF presents to a trauma center following a motor vehicle accident. On arrival, his Glasgow Coma Scale score is 8, and he is found to have increased intracranial pressure. Mannitol is administered. Which of the following side effects of the drug would you most likely observe in this... | C: Pulmonary edema |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old white female presents to her primary care physician for a regular check-up. She endorses eating a healthy diet with a balance of meat and vegetables. She also states that she has a glass of wine each night with dinner. As part of the evaluation, a complete blood count and blood smear were performed and ... | A: High serum TSH |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old woman presents to her primary physician with complaints of episodic late-night agitations and insomnia to an extent that her work is at stake due to her poor performance for months. Her husband reports that she has recently spent their savings on a shopping spree. He is worried that she might be taking ... | B: The patient should be informed about the risk of thyroid function impairment |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old primigravida woman at 13-weeks' gestation is scheduled for a prenatal evaluation. This is her first appointment, though she has known she is pregnant for several weeks. A quad screening is performed with the mother's blood and reveals the following: AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) Decreased hCG (human chorionic... | B: Nondisjunction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of fatigue, decreased sexual desire, and difficulty achieving an erection. He has no past medical history except for a traumatic brain injury he sustained in a motor vehicle accident 4 months ago. At that time, neuroimaging studies showed no abnorm... | A: Dopamine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old woman comes to her primary care physician complaining of palpitations. She reports that for the past 2 months she has felt anxious and states that her heart often feels like it’s “racing.” She also complains of sweating and unintentional weight loss. Physical examination reveals symmetrical, non-tender ... | D: Radioactive iodine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-month-old infant presents to your office for a check-up. Exam reveals mental retardation, microcephaly, and a mousy odor to his breath. You should be concerned that the infant may have which of the following?? {'A': 'Deficit of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity', 'B': 'Deficit of porphobilinogen deaminase activi... | A: Deficit of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 16-year-old girl comes to the physician because of fever, fatigue, and a sore throat for 8 days. She also has a diffuse rash that started yesterday. Three days ago, she took amoxicillin that she had at home. She is sexually active with two male partners and uses condoms inconsistently. Her temper... | E: Heterophile antibody test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 18-year-old college freshman scrapes his knee after falling from his bike. He applies some topical neomycin because he knows that it has antibiotic properties. As he is also in biology class, he decides to research the mechanism of action of neomycin and finds that it interferes with formation of the 30S initiation... | A: Shine-Dalgarno sequence |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of a progressively worsening tremor in his hands and multiple falls over the past 3 months. The tremor occurs both at rest and with movement. He also reports decreased concentration and a loss of interest in his normal activities over this time period. He ha... | E: Penicillamine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Following the death of an 18-year-old woman, the task force determines a fatal drug interaction as the cause. The medical error is attributed to the fatigue of the treating resident. The report includes information regarding the resident’s work hours: The resident received the patient at the 27th hour of his continuo... | A: The duty hour during which this resident received the patient |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of right lower extremity pain and burning while walking. The pain subsides with rest. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years. Her current medications include metformin, atorvastatin, and as... | E: Cilostazol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-week-old girl is brought to the physician for a follow-up examination. She has had difficulty feeding with frequent regurgitation of milk and her mother is concerned that the child is not gaining weight appropriately. The mother reports that the girl's crying resembles a squeaky door. She is at the 2nd percentile... | A: Microdeletion at chromosome 5 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old man presents to the emergency department with acute onset of chest pain. He says the pain is substernal and radiates to his left arm. He has a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, erectile dysfunction, benign prostate hyperplasia, and panic disorder. He takes aspirin, lisinopril, metformin, silde... | B: Medication interaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A newborn male, delivered by emergency Cesarean section during the 28th week of gestation, has a birth weight of 1.2 kg (2.5 lb). He develops rapid breathing 4 hours after birth. Examination of the respiratory system reveals a respiratory rate of 80/min, expiratory grunting, intercostal and subcostal retractions with... | C: Decreased blood flow in the vasa vasorum of the ductus arteriosus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old man presents to the clinic for his annual check-up. The patient says that he has occasional leg cramps, and his legs feel heavy especially after standing for long hours to teach his classes. His past medical history is significant for hypertension which is controlled by metoprolol and lisinopril. He has... | D: Valvular incompetence of lower limb veins and increased venous pressure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A mother brings in her 7-year-old son because she is worried about his behavior after his teacher called. The patient’s mother says she was told that he has not been doing his assignments and frequently tells his teachers that he forgets about them. In addition, he tends to have a difficult time sitting still in clas... | B: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old primigravid woman at 8 weeks' gestation comes to the emergency department because of vaginal bleeding and mild suprapubic pain 1 hour ago. The bleeding has subsided and she has mild, brown spotting now. Her medications include folic acid and a multivitamin. She smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 10... | A: Reassurance and follow-up ultrasonography |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man presents to his physician for a checkup. At presentation, he complains of anxiety and persistently mood. The patient’s comorbidities include chronic gastritis treated with Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy, and chronic pyelonephritis with stage 1 chronic kidney disease. His grandfather who was... | C: 9-item patient health questionnaire |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a 6-day history of fever and chills. During this period, he has had generalized weakness, chest pain, and night sweats. He has a bicuspid aortic valve and recurrent migraine attacks. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 5 years. He does not... | B: Mechanical valve replacement of the aortic valve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old woman with Crohn disease comes to the physician because of a 4-week history of nausea, bloating, and epigastric pain that occurs after meals and radiates to the right shoulder. Four months ago, she underwent ileocecal resection for an acute intestinal obstruction. An ultrasound of the abdomen shows mult... | E: Decreased biliary concentration of bile acids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Forty-five minutes after the spontaneous delivery of a male newborn at 39 weeks' gestation, a 27-year-old primigravid woman complains of worsening abdominal pain and dizziness. The patient was admitted to the hospital 5 hours prior because of spontaneous rupture of membranes. During labor, she experienced a brief epi... | D: Uterine inversion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after the sudden onset of severe, generalized abdominal pain. The pain is constant and she describes it as 9 out of 10 in intensity. She has hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and chronic lower back pain. Menses occur at regular 28-day intervals with moderate flow... | C: Perforation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the role of different factors in inflammation and hemostasis. Alpha-granules from activated platelets are isolated and applied to a medium containing inactive platelets. When ristocetin is applied, the granules bind to GpIb receptors, inducing a conformational change in the platelets. Bind... | A: Platelet adhesion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old boy comes to the physician because of an itchy rash on his right arm for 1 day. The rash started as small papules, then progressed into blisters with oozing. He has had atopic dermatitis at the age of 6 years. His vital signs are within normal limits. A photograph of the patient's arm is shown. There is... | C: Plants |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old girl presents with a rash and a persistent fever of 41.0°C (105.8°F), not relieved by Tylenol. The patient’s mother says that her symptoms started 5 days ago and have not improved. The rash started on her trunk and now is present everywhere including the palms and soles. Her birth history is normal. Her ... | C: Kawasaki disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old male graduate student presents to the physician for a 2-month history of persistent thoughts and anxiety that he is going to be harmed by someone on the street. The anxiety worsened after he witnessed a pedestrian being hit by a car 2 weeks ago. He states, “That was a warning sign.” On his way to school... | B: Delusional disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with complaints of blurry vision and headaches that started 2 days ago. She reports that she has been experiencing some facial pain, but she thought it was related to her toothache. She is also worried about a black spot that is increasing in size on her face o... | B: Mucormycosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of headache, palpitations, diarrhea, and weight loss. She takes no medications. Her pulse is 110/min and blood pressure is 125/70 mm Hg. Examination shows warm, moist skin and diffuse hyperreflexia. An MRI of the brain shows a sellar mass. The un... | C: G protein-coupled receptors |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for a wellness checkup. She states that she is currently doing well but is unable to engage in exercise secondary to her asthma. Her asthma is well-controlled at baseline, and her symptoms only arise when she is trying to exercise once a week at volleyball pr... | E: Recommend she use her albuterol inhaler prior to exercise |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old man is admitted to the emergency room after a fight in which he was hit in the head with a hammer. The witnesses say that the patient initially lost consciousness, but regained consciousness by the time emergency services arrived. On admission, the patient complained of a diffuse headache. He opened his... | A: Administration of levetiracetam |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old G3P0020 presents to her physician for a prenatal visit at 12 weeks gestation. She does not smoke cigarettes and stopped drinking alcohol once she was diagnosed with pregnancy at 10 weeks gestation. An ultrasound examination showed the following: Ultrasound finding Measured Normal value (age-specified) H... | B: To increase the diagnostic accuracy of this result, the levels of free beta-hCG and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) should be determined. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with fever, cough, tonsillar enlargement, and bleeding lips. She has a diffuse blistering rash that encompasses the palms and soles of her feet, in total covering 55% of her total body surface area (TBSA). The upper epidermal layer easily slips away with slight... | D: Exposure to carbamazepine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 35-year-old woman comes to the physician because of palpitations and anxiety for the past 2 months. She has had a 3.1-kg (7-lb) weight loss in this period. Her pulse is 112/min. Cardiac examination shows normal heart sounds with a regular rhythm. Neurologic examination shows a fine resting tremor... | B: ↓ ↑ ↑ normal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of fatigue and itchiness for the past 2 months. She tried applying body lotion with limited improvement. Her symptoms have worsened over the past month, and she is unable to sleep at night due to intense itching. She feels very tired throughout the day and complains... | D: Anti-mitochondrial antibody |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old boy is brought to the physician for the evaluation of back pain for the past six months. The pain is worse with exercise and when reclining. He attends high school and is on the swim team. He also states that he lifts weights on a regular basis. He has not had any trauma to the back or any previous prob... | B: Spondylolisthesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old male presents to the emergency room following a seizure. The patient suffered from an upper respiratory infection complicated by sinusitis two weeks ago. The patient's past medical history is remarkable for hypertension for which he takes hydrochlorathiazide. Temperature is 39.5C, blood pressure is 120/... | B: Ceftriaxone and vancomycin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with painless vaginal bleeding of sudden onset approx. 1 hour ago. The woman informs the doctor that, currently, she is in the 13th week of pregnancy. She also mentions that she was diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum during the 6th week of pregnancy. On phys... | A: 46, XX |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of a 3-week history of fatigue and shortness of breath. One year ago, a screening colonoscopy showed colonic polyps. His brother has a bicuspid aortic valve. On examination, a late systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur is heard at the right upper sternal bor... | D: Fragmentation of erythrocytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-day-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of altered mental status. His mother called an ambulance after finding him grey and unarousable in his crib. The patient was born via cesarean section due to preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Since birth, the infant has gained little weight ... | B: Three sign |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old retired teacher presents to his family physician for an annual visit. He has been healthy for most of his life and currently takes no medications, although he has had elevated blood pressure on several visits in the past few years but declined taking any medication. He has no complaints about his health... | E: Repeat the urinalysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-month history of lesions on her eyelids. A photograph of the lesions is shown. This patient's eye condition is most likely associated with which of the following processes?? {'A': 'Transmural inflammation of colonic mucosa', 'B': 'Autoimmune destruction of lob... | B: Autoimmune destruction of lobular bile ducts |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old male presents to the emergency department with a 2-day onset of right-lower quadrant and right flank pain. He also states that over this period of time he has felt dizzy, light-headed, and short of breath. He denies any recent trauma or potential inciting event. His vital signs are as follows: T 37.1 C,... | E: CT abdomen/pelvis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of a skin rash over both of his shoulders and elbows for the past 5 days. The patient reports severe itching and burning sensation. He has no history of serious illness except for recurrent episodes of diarrhea and abdominal cramps, which have occurred every... | A: Oral dapsone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman presents with a history of progressive forgetfulness, fatigue, unsteady gait, and tremor. Family members also report that not only has her speech become slurred, but her behavior has significantly changed over the past few years. On physical examination, there is significant hepatomegaly with a po... | E: II, IV, VI, VII |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-month-old girl is brought to the physician because of a 2-day history of low-grade fever and a painful lesion on her right index finger. She was born at term and has been healthy except for a rash on her upper lip 2 weeks ago, which resolved without treatment. She lives at home with her parents, her 5-year-old b... | C: Herpes simplex virus type 1 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old G0P1 female presents to her OB/GYN after 17 weeks gestation. A quad screen is performed revealing the following results: elevated inhibin and beta HCG, decreased aFP and estriol. An ultrasound was performed demonstrating increased nuchal translucency. When the fetus is born, what may be some common char... | D: Epicanthal folds, macroglossia, flat profile, depressed nasal bridge, and simian palmar crease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-month-old boy is brought to his pediatrician’s office to be evaluated for seizures and failure to thrive. The patient’s mother says that he is unable to hold his own head up and does not seem to follow the movement of her fingers. On physical exam the patient is hypotonic. Initial serum studies show elevated lact... | C: Leucine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of pain and swelling in his left leg. He has a history of pancreatic cancer and is currently receiving chemotherapy. Three weeks ago, he had a similar episode in his right arm that resolved without treatment. His temperature is 38.2°C (100.8°F). Palpation of... | C: Great saphenous vein |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man is admitted to the hospital because of fever, yellowing of the skin, and nausea for 1 day. He recently returned from a backpacking trip to Brazil and Paraguay, during which he had a 3-day episode of high fever that resolved spontaneously. Physical examination shows jaundice, epigastric tenderness, a... | C: Apoptosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with sudden shortness of breath. A CT scan shows multiple nodules in her left lung. She reports that for the past 6 months, she has been feeling tired and depressed. She also has frequently felt flushed, which she presumed is a symptom of getting closer to meno... | E: Vandetanib |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old man presents to your office with a 2 month history of abdominal bloating. He states that he feels full after eating only a small amount and has experienced bloating, diarrhea, and occasionally vomiting when he tries to eat large amounts. He states his diarrhea has now become more profuse and is altering... | D: Rifaximin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old woman presents with severe abdominal pain. Past medical history is significant for a peptic ulcer. Physical examination is limited because the patient will not allow abdominal palpation due to the pain. The attending makes a presumptive diagnosis of peritonitis. Which of the following non-invasive maneu... | B: Forced cough elicits abdominal pain |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man comes to the physician because of numbness and tingling in his fingers and toes for the past month. He also describes difficulty with balance while walking. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin concentration of 9.5 g/dL. Serum homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels are elevated. Peripheral blood... | B: Cyanocobalamin supplementation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old female with known breast cancer presents with progressive motor weakness in bilateral lower extremities and difficulty ambulating. Physical exam shows 4 of 5 motor strength in her legs and hyper-reflexia in her patellar tendons. Neurologic examination 2 weeks prior was normal. Imaging studies, including... | E: Surgical decompression and postoperative radiotherapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician because she has been having difficulty seeing despite previously having perfect vision all her life. Specifically, she notes that reading, driving, and recognizing faces has become difficult, and she feels that her vision has become fuzzy. She is worried beca... | E: Daughter: 100% and son 100% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old woman comes to the physician for gradual worsening of her vision. Her father died at 40 years of age. She is 181 cm (5 ft 11 in) tall and weighs 69 kg (152 lb); BMI is 21 kg/m2. A standard vision test shows severe myopia. Genetic analysis shows an FBN1 gene mutation on chromosome 15. This patient is at ... | E: Intimal tear of the aortic root |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought to a pediatrician by his parents with a history of fever for the last 5 days and irritability, decreased appetite, vomiting, and swelling of the hands and feet for the last 3 days. The patient’s mother mentions that he has been taking antibiotics and antipyretics prescribed by another phys... | C: Coronary artery ectasia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician because she has been feeling increasingly fatigued over the last month. She has noticed that she gets winded halfway through her favorite walk in the park even though she was able to complete the entire walk without difficulty for years. She recently moved to... | D: Glucocorticoid administration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old patient who has recently found out she was pregnant presents to her physician for her initial prenatal visit. The estimated gestational age is 10 weeks. Currently, the patient complains of recurrent palpitations. She is gravida 1 para 0 with no history of any major diseases. On examination, the blood pr... | E: Beta-blockers are the preferable drug class for rate control in this case. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife for the evaluation of a progressively generalized headache that started suddenly 2 hours ago. He describes the pain as 10 out of 10 in intensity. The pain radiates to the neck and is aggravated by lying down. The patient has vomited once on his way ... | E: CT scan of the head without contrast |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:The physician recommends that the patient receive an influenza vaccine. The patient becomes nervous and reports that he has never received an influenza vaccination because of an allergy to eggs. The allergy was diagnosed many years ago, after he developed hives upon eating scrambled eggs. Which of the following is th... | A: Administer inactivated influenza vaccine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old male graduate student is brought to the emergency department for respiratory distress after he was found by his roommate coughing and severely short of breath. He was diagnosed with HIV infection 3 months ago but is not compliant with his antiretroviral therapy. He is from Chile and moved here 5 years a... | A: Prednisone |
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