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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by police at 2:00 AM. They picked him up from a local nightclub, where he was yelling and threatening to fight the staff. A review of his medical record is unremarkable. At the hospital, his behavior continues to be agitated and bizarre. His temperature is 37.0... | B: Cocaine intoxication |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man presents to a physician with a 3-year history of gradually worsening tics and difficulty walking. He was last seen by the physician 5 years ago for anxiety and has been purchasing anti-anxiety medications from an internet website without a prescription because he cannot afford to pay for the office ... | D: CAG |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman comes to the physician because of sadness that started 6 weeks after her 9-month-old daughter was born. Since then, she has not returned to work. Her daughter usually sleeps through the night, but the patient still has difficulty staying asleep. She is easily distracted from normal daily tasks. Sh... | D: Major depressive disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of pain in her right thumb and wrist that radiates to her elbow. It is worse when she holds her infant son and improves with the use of an ice pack. Six months ago, she slipped on a wet floor and fell on her right outstretched hand. Her mother ta... | A: De Quervain tenosynovitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman comes to the physician because of bothersome hair growth on her face and abdomen over the past 8 years. She does not take any medications. She is 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) tall and weighs 85 kg (187 lb); BMI is 32 kg/m2. Physical examination shows coarse dark hair on the upper lip and periumbilical and p... | D: Oral contraceptive |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 20 minutes after being rescued from a fire in his apartment complex. He thinks he might have briefly lost consciousness while he was trapped in a smoke-filled room before firefighters were able to free him 20 minutes later. He reports headache, dizziness, and o... | D: Administration of intravenous hydroxycobalamin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his mother because of erratic behavior over the past 6 months. He spends most of his time alone in his room because he believes he is being followed by the Secret Service. He was fired from his job 3 months ago after threatening a colleague. He appears suspi... | D: Warn the person at risk and inform law enforcement |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents to his cardiologist for a follow-up visit. His past medical history is notable for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. He takes metformin, glyburide, aspirin, lisinopril, and metoprolol. He has a 40 pack-year smoking history and drinks al... | D: Decreased sodium reabsorption in the collecting duct |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department for 2 days of abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. This morning her stool had a red tint. She and her parents visited a circus 1 week ago. The patient attends daycare. Her immunizations are up-to-date. Her temperature is 38°C (100.4°F), pulse is 140/min, and blo... | A: Undercooked pork |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man is brought in by ambulance to the emergency department with difficulty breathing and speaking. His wife reports that he might have swallowed a fishbone. While taking his history the patient develops a paroxysmal cough. Visualization of his oropharynx and larynx shows a fishbone lodged in the right p... | B: Internal laryngeal nerve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old male presents to the ER with abdominal discomfort and malaise over the past 2 weeks. He states he is married and monogamous. He has a temperature of 39.4°C (102.9°F) and complains of night sweats as well. On physical exam, he has an enlarged spleen with mild tenderness and pale nail beds. There is mild ... | D: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of epigastric pain and multiple episodes of vomiting for 4 hours. Initially, the vomit was yellowish in color, but after the first couple of episodes it was streaked with blood. He had 2 episodes of vomiting that contained streaks of frank blood on the way t... | D: Mucosal tear at the gastroesophageal junction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old girl comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of nausea, increased urinary frequency, and breast tenderness. She has never had a menstrual period. She is actively involved in her school's track and field team. She is 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) tall and weighs 54 kg (120 lb); BMI is 18 kg/m2. Her breas... | C: Human chorionic gonadotropin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man presents to his primary care provider complaining of intermittent stomach pain, non-bloody diarrhea, and weight loss for the last 3 months. He has occasional abdominal pain and fever. This condition makes studying difficult. He has tried omeprazole and dietary changes with no improvement. Past medic... | D: Whipple’s disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband because of worsening shortness of breath over the past 2 days. Last week, she had a sore throat and a low-grade fever. She has coughed up white sputum each morning for the past 2 years. She has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. She has... | B: Decreased urinary bicarbonate excretion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old nulliparous woman with polycystic ovary syndrome comes to the physician for a pelvic examination and Pap smear. Last year she had a progestin-releasing intrauterine device placed. Menarche occurred at the age of 10 years. She became sexually active at the age of 14 years. Her mother had breast cancer at... | A: Early onset of sexual activity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old girl comes to the physician for a scheduled colonoscopy. She was diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis at the age of 13 years. Last year, her flexible sigmoidoscopy showed 12 adenomatous polyps (< 6 mm) that were removed endoscopically. Her father and her paternal grandmother were diagnosed with... | C: Proctocolectomy with ileoanal anastomosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A codon is an mRNA sequence consisting of 3 nucleotides that codes for an amino acid. Each position can be made up of any 4 nucleotides (A, U, G, C); therefore, there are a total of 64 (4 x 4 x 4) different codons that can be created but they only code for 20 amino acids. This is explained by the wobble phenomenon. O... | E: CUA |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A researcher is conducting a study to compare fracture risk in male patients above the age of 65 who received annual DEXA screening to peers who did not receive screening. He conducts a randomized controlled trial in 900 patients, with half of participants assigned to each experimental group. The researcher ultimatel... | D: Increased probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is truly false |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia presents to the emergency room stating that she is pregnant. She says that she has been pregnant since she was 20 years old and is expecting a baby now that she is breathing much harder and feeling more faint with chest pain caused by deep breaths. Her hospi... | E: Ventilation-perfusion scan |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of fatigue and a cough productive of a blood-tinged phlegm. Over the past month, he has had a 5.0-kg (11-lb) weight loss. He has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eight months ago, he underwent a kidney transplantation. The patient does not... | D: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old-male underwent deceased donor liver transplantation 3 weeks ago. During his follow up visit he complains of nausea and abdominal pain. He has been taking all of his medications as prescribed. He has a history of alcohol abuse and his last drink was one year ago. He does not smoke cigarettes and lives at... | A: CD8+ T lymphocytes reacting against donor MHCs |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old male patient with a history of recurrent nephrolithiasis and chronic lower back pain presents to the ER with severe, sudden-onset, upper abdominal pain. The patient is febrile, hypotensive, and tachycardic, and is rushed to the OR for exploratory laporotomy. Surgery reveals that the patient has a perfor... | A: A gastrin-secreting tumor of the pancreas |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman comes to the physician because of pain and stiffness in both of her hands for the past 3 weeks. The pain is most severe early in the day and does not respond to ibuprofen. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows swelli... | E: Prednisone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A peripheral artery is found to have 50% stenosis. Therefore, compared to a normal artery with no stenosis, by what factor has the flow of blood been decreased?? {'A': '2', 'B': '4', 'C': '8', 'D': '16', 'E': '32'}, | D: 16 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman presents to her physician requesting the chickenpox vaccine. She is also complaining of nausea, malaise, and moderate weight gain. She developed these symptoms gradually over the past 2 weeks. She reports no respiratory or cardiovascular disorders. Her last menstruation was about 6 weeks ago. She ... | D: Confirm pregnancy with serum beta-hCG and if positive, postpone administration of the vaccine until after completion of the pregnancy. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old Caucasian male presents with recurrent nosebleeds. Complete history reveals his father died in his 40's after an intracranial hemorrhage and two of his father's five siblings have also had recurrent nosebleeds. Which of the following would you expect to find in this patient?? {'A': 'Retinal hemangioblas... | C: Mucosal arteriovenous malformations |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents with a bilateral lower leg edema. The patient reports it developed gradually over the past 4 months. The edema is worse in the evening and improves after sleeping at night or napping during the day. There are no associated pain or sensitivity changes. The patient also notes dyspnea on usual... | E: Echocardiography |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old G3P0 woman presents for preconception counseling and evaluation. The patient’s past medical history reveals hypertension and type 1 diabetes. She is currently on an insulin pump and medications for hypertension including labetalol. Her blood pressure is 130/85 mm Hg; pulse, 76/min; and BMI, 26 kg/m2. He... | D: Age |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old woman comes to the physician because of palpitations and shortness of breath that started 3 days ago. She has hypertension and congestive heart failure. Her pulse is 124/min, and blood pressure is 130/85 mm Hg. Cardiac examination shows an irregularly irregular rhythm without any murmurs. An ECG shows a... | E: Direct inhibition of thrombin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old African American female has experienced recurrent respiratory infections. To determine how well her cell-mediated immunity is performing, a Candida skin injection is administered. After 48 hours, there is no evidence of induration at the injection site. Of the following cell types, which one would have m... | C: T-cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man comes to the physician for an annual health maintenance examination. He has a history of stable angina, gout, and hypertension. His medications include lisinopril and aspirin. He has smoked a pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years. He drinks 5–6 beers on the weekends. His blood pressure is 150/85 mm ... | A: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman comes to the pediatrician’s office with her 17-year-old daughter. She tells the physician that she developed Sjögren’s syndrome when she was her daughter’s age, and that she is concerned about her daughter developing the same condition. The girl appears to be in good health, with no signs or sympt... | C: Anti-SS-B (anti-La) antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old male presents to his primary care physician complaining of upper abdominal pain. He reports a four-month history of crampy epigastric pain that improves with meals. His past medical history is significant for hypertension that has been well controlled by lisinopril. He does not smoke and drinks alcohol ... | C: 11 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A group of microbiological investigators is studying bacterial DNA replication in E. coli colonies. While the cells are actively proliferating, the investigators stop the bacterial cell cycle during S phase and isolate an enzyme involved in DNA replication. An assay of the enzyme's exonuclease activity determines tha... | C: DNA polymerase I |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of fatigue and worsening shortness of breath on exertion. There is no family history of serious illness. She does not smoke. She takes diethylpropion to control her appetite and, as a result, has had a 4.5-kg (10-lb) weight loss during the past 5 ... | B: Hyperplasia of pulmonary vascular walls |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the outcomes of a malaria outbreak in an endemic region of Africa. 500 men and 500 women with known malaria exposure are selected to participate in the study. Participants with G6PD deficiency are excluded from the study. The clinical records of the study subjects are reviewed and their pe... | E: Glutamic acid substitution in the β-globin chain |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man comes to his primary care provider for a routine visit. The patient mentions that while he was cooking 5 days ago, he accidentally cut himself with a meat cleaver and lost the skin at the tip of his finger. After applying pressure and ice, the bleeding stopped and he did not seek treatment. The pati... | B: Deposition of type III collagen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 56-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-year history of intermittent upper abdominal pain. She has had no nausea, vomiting, or change in weight. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies are within normal limits. Abdominal ultrasonography shows a hyperechogen... | D: Gallbladder carcinoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An excisional biopsy is performed and the diagnosis of superficial spreading melanoma is confirmed. The lesion is 1.1 mm thick. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?? {'A': 'Surgical excision with 0.5-1 cm safety margins only', 'B': 'Surgical excision with 1-2 cm safety margins only'... | C: Surgical excision with 1-2 cm safety margins and sentinel lymph node study |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He has not seen a physician for 10 years. He works as a telemarketer and does not exercise. Cardiac examination shows a dull, low-pitched sound during late diastole that is best heard at the apex. The sound is loudest in the left l... | A: Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman comes to the physician because of vaginal discharge for 3 days. She has no dysuria, dyspareunia, pruritus, or burning. The patient is sexually active with two male partners and uses condoms inconsistently. She often douches between sexual intercourse. Pelvic examination shows thin and off-white va... | D: Treat the patient with metronidazole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of nausea, abdominal discomfort, and yellow discoloration of the eyes. Six weeks ago, he had an episode of fever, joint pain, swollen lymph nodes, and an itchy rash on his trunk and extremities that persisted for 1 to 2 days. He returned from a backp... | A: Hepatitis B |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old woman comes to the physician because of difficulty walking and dizziness for the past 2 weeks. She has also had fatigue, heartburn, and diarrhea for 4 months. The stools are foul-smelling and do not flush easily. Over the past 4 months, she has had a 2.2-kg (5-lb) weight loss. Her only medication is an ... | B: Inactivation of pancreatic enzymes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after developing acute confusion, severe headache, and vomiting. Physical examination shows left-sided numbness. A CT scan of her head shows a large intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Despite appropriate treatment, the patient dies. Autopsy shows multipl... | C: Muscle weakness |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old African American boy with sickle cell disease is brought to the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain over the last 24 hours. The pain is situated in the right upper quadrant and is sharp in nature with a score of 8/10 and radiates to tip of the right scapula. He also complains of anore... | E: Chronic hemolysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman presents with irregular menses, acne, and increased body hair growth. She says her average menstrual cycle lasts 36 days and states that she has heavy menstrual bleeding. She had her menarche at the age of 13 years. Her blood pressure is 125/80 mm Hg, heart rate is 79/min, respiratory rate is 14/m... | B: Insulin resistance |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife because of progressive confusion for the past 2 weeks. He has also had a 4.5-kg (10-lb) weight loss and fatigue during the last 6 months. Physical examination shows enlarged lymph nodes in the right axilla and faint expiratory wheezing in the right ... | E: Neuron-specific enolase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 17-year-old girl comes to the physician because of multiple patches on her face, hands, abdomen, and feet that are lighter than the rest of her skin. The patches began to appear 3 years ago and have been gradually increasing in size since. There is no associated itchiness, redness, numbness, or p... | E: Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents after a 2-day history of fever, productive cough, and severe dyspnea. The parents report that the boy had no health problems at birth but developed respiratory problems as an infant that have continued throughout his life, including recurrent pulm... | A: Adenovirus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with severe pain in her legs. She has had these pains in the past but access to a doctor was not readily available in her remote village back home. She and her family have recently moved to the United States. She is seen walking to her stretcher with a broad-ba... | E: Loss of vibration sensation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. Two weeks ago, he was treated in the emergency department for head trauma after being hit by a bicycle while crossing the street. Neurological examination shows decreased taste on the right anterior tongue. This patient's condition is most likely c... | C: Eyelid closure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old male presents to his primary care physician complaining of drainage from his left great toe. He has had an ulcer on his left great toe for over eight months. He noticed increasing drainage from the ulcer over the past week. His past medical history is notable for diabetes mellitus on insulin complicated... | A: Otitis externa |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of cough with blood-tinged sputum and a 4.5-kg (10-lb) weight loss. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 38 years. Auscultation of the lungs shows wheezing in the right lung field. An x-ray of the chest shows an irregular lesion with a... | D: Mediastinal invasion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with confusion starting this morning. Her husband states that she initially complained of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue after eating. She has vomited 3 times and progressively became more confused. Her past medical history is notable for morbid obesity,... | A: Dumping syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of severe epigastric pain and vomiting that started 30 minutes ago while gardening. His pulse is 55/min, respirations are 30/min, and blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. Physical examination shows diaphoresis and jugular venous distention. Crackles are heard... | B: Proximal right coronary artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An HIV-positive patient with a CD4+ count of 45 is receiving recommended first-line treatment for a case of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Coadministration with which of the following agents would be most likely to precipitate a deficiency of neutrophils in this patient?? {'A': 'Foscarnet', 'B': 'Zidovudine', 'C': 'Efavi... | B: Zidovudine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator studying the immunologic profile of various cells notices that the blood of a test subject agglutinates upon addition of a serum containing antibodies against P blood group antigens. Infection with which of the following pathogens would most likely be prevented by these antibodies?? {'A': 'Parvovirus ... | A: Parvovirus B19 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-month-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for the evaluation of a rash on his scalp and forehead. The parents report that the rash has been present for several weeks. They state that the rash is sometimes red and scaly, especially when it is cold. The patient was born at 36 weeks' gestation and has... | E: Seborrheic dermatitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman has dysuria, pyuria, increased frequency of urination, and fever of 1-day duration. She is sexually active. Urine cultures show gram-positive bacteria in clusters that are catalase-positive and coagulase-negative. The patient is started on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following char... | E: Resistance to novobiocin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency department with dizziness. He states he has experienced a sustained sensation of the room spinning that is low grade and constant since this morning. The patient occasionally feels nauseous and has been taking diphenydramine to sleep which helps with his symptoms. The patie... | B: Labyrinthitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to his primary care physician complaining of increasing difficulty sleeping over the last 3 months. He reports waking up frequently during the night because he feels an urge to move his legs, and he has a similar feeling when watching television before bed. The urge is relieved by walking a... | C: Colonoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man comes to the physician because of upper abdominal discomfort for 2 weeks. He has had 3–4 episodes of vomiting during this period. Over the last year, he has had frequent episodes of abdominal pain at night that were relieved by eating. He underwent a right shoulder surgery 6 weeks ago. He has no his... | A: Penetrating duodenal ulcer |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old primigravid woman comes to the physician for her initial prenatal visit at 12 weeks' gestation. She has had generalized fatigue and shortness of breath over the past 2 months. She has also had a tingling sensation in her toes for the past month. Three years ago, she was treated for gonorrhea. She follow... | B: Vitamin B12 supplementation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman comes to the physician to discuss contraceptive options. She is currently sexually active with one male partner, and they have not been using any contraception. She has no significant past medical history and takes no medications. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 15 years. She is al... | E: Combined oral contraceptive pill |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a severe headache, nausea, and vomiting for 30 minutes. Forty-five minutes ago, he fell and struck his head, resulting in loss of consciousness for 1 minute. After regaining consciousness, he felt well for 15 minutes before the headache began. On arr... | E: Bleeding between dura mater and skull |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Three days after undergoing coronary bypass surgery, a 67-year-old man becomes unresponsive and hypotensive. He is intubated, mechanically ventilated, and a central line is inserted. Vasopressin and noradrenaline infusions are begun. A Foley catheter is placed. Six days later, he has high unrelenting fevers. He is cu... | A: Central line-associated blood stream infection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of spells of unresponsiveness and upward rolling of the eyes for 2 months. The episodes start abruptly and last a few seconds. During that time he does not hear anyone’s voice or make any purposeful movements. When the episodes end, he continues what he was doing b... | A: Ethosuximide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old woman comes to the physician because of progressively worsening coordination and involuntary movements in her left hand for the past 6 months. Her husband also reports that she has been withdrawn and apathetic during this period. She is oriented to time, place, and person. Examination shows a bimanual, ... | C: Neuronal degeneration due to α-synuclein protein misfolding |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 3 hours after rescuing babies and puppies from a burning daycare center. He says that he complains of headache and nausea attributed to running. He is breathing comfortably. What is another likely finding in this patient?? {'A': 'Oxygen saturation of 86% on pul... | C: Oxygen saturation of 99% on pulse oximetry |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of gradually worsening facial and lower extremity swelling. She has had a 4-kg (8.8-lb) weight gain during this time. Her blood pressure is 150/88 mm Hg. Examination shows periorbital edema and 2+ pretibial edema bilaterally. A 24-hour collection ... | A: Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy is brought to the physician for the evaluation of sore throat for the past 2 days. During this period, he has had intermittent nausea and has vomited once. The patient has no cough, hoarseness, or rhinorrhea. He had similar symptoms at the age of 5 years that resolved spontaneously. He is otherwise h... | E: Obtain throat culture " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old man with known history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is brought by ambulance to the emergency department due to shortness of breath. He is out of breath and cannot string a sentence together. The emergency technician suggests that the man tried his tiotropium inhaler multiple times without su... | D: Give oxygen immediately |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her parents because of clumsiness and difficulty walking. She began to walk at 12 months and continues to have difficulty standing still without support. She also appears to have difficulty grabbing objects in front of her. Over the past year, she has had 5 episodes of... | B: Conjunctival telangiectasias |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with fatigue. She reports that over the past 2 months, she has felt increasingly tired despite no changes in her diet or exercise. Her past medical history is notable for obesity, seasonal allergies, and hypertension. She takes ranitidine as needed and hydroc... | C: Mismatch repair |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 32 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She reports that she has had frequent headaches and dizziness recently. Pregnancy and delivery of her first child were uncomplicated. There is no personal or family history of serious illness. Medications inclu... | A: Magnesium sulfate and labetalol therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Positron emission tomography is conducted and indicates a malignant nodule. Bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy is performed and a specimen sample of the nodule is sent for frozen section analysis. The tissue sample is most likely to show which of the following pathohistological findings?? {'A': 'Large cell carci... | C: Squamous cell carcinoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman comes to the physician for a 3-month history of redness and itching in both eyes. She has also had swelling and pain in the index and middle fingers of both hands and wrist joints over the past 5 months. She has had multiple dental treatments for oral infections over the past year. She has type 2 ... | D: Anti-Ro antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man presents with facial weakness. He says he noticed that his face appeared twisted when he looked in the bathroom mirror this morning. He is otherwise well and does not have any other complaints. He denies any facial pain or paresthesia. No significant past medical history. The patient is afebrile and... | B: Idiopathic facial paralysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 14-weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. Routine first trimester screening shows increased nuchal translucency, decreased β-hCG concentration, and decreased levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A. Amniocentesis shows trisomy of chromosome 13.... | B: Cutis aplasia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old man presents with painless swelling of the right testes and a sensation of heaviness. The physical examination revealed an intra-testicular solid mass that could not be felt separately from the testis. After a thorough evaluation, he was diagnosed with testicular seminoma. Which of the following group o... | A: Para-aortic lymph nodes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man comes to the physician for a health maintenance examination. He feels well. He is 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) tall and weighs 84 kg (185 lb); BMI is 28 kg/m2. His vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Serum lipid studies show: Total cholesterol 280 mg/dL HDL-chole... | B: Increased LDL receptor expression |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man comes to the physician because of fever, fatigue, dry cough, headache, and myalgia over the past week. Two days ago, he developed several painful oral lesions and difficulty swallowing. He underwent kidney transplantation 3 years ago. His temperature is 38.2°C (100.7°F). Physical examination shows b... | C: Histoplasma capsulatum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider complaining of numbness and tingling sensations all over her body. After a meticulous history and physical, he found that the patient had recently been on vacation and tried a new sunscreen purchased overseas. The sunscreen contained several chemicals that he ... | A: Case report |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-day-old male newborn is brought to the physician by his mother because of yellowish discoloration of the skin for 1 day. The discoloration first appeared on his face and then spread to his trunk. There have been no changes in his bowel habits or urination. He was born at 38 weeks’ gestation via uncomplicated vagi... | D: Physiological neonatal jaundice |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. She previously had been compliant with her diet and medication but has had a 5-kg (11-lb) weight gain since the last visit 6 months ago. She reports that she often misses doses of her metformin. Her hemoglobin A1c is... | B: Schedule more frequent follow-up visits |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for his yearly check-up exam. He has no new concerns but wants to make sure that his hypertension and diabetes are properly controlled. His past medical history is otherwise unremarkable and his only medications are metformin and lisinopril. He has smoked a pac... | B: Radiation of murmur to the axilla |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man is brought to the physician because of inappropriate behavior for the past 6 months. He has been making inappropriate comments and jokes while talking to friends and family members. He was arrested 3 weeks ago while trying to kiss strangers on the street. He has no interest in talking to his daughte... | E: Frontotemporal dementia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old woman comes to the physician because of hearing loss and unsteadiness while standing and walking for the past 2 months. She needs support from a wall to prevent herself from falling. She has not had any recent injuries and has no history of serious illness. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examinat... | D: Meningioma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A study is funded by the tobacco industry to examine the association between smoking and lung cancer. They design a study with a prospective cohort of 1,000 smokers between the ages of 20-30. The length of the study is five years. After the study period ends, they conclude that there is no relationship between smokin... | B: Latency period |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old obese male has noticed the gradual development of a soft bulge on his right groin that has been present over the past year and occasionally becomes very tender. He notices that it comes out when he coughs and strains during bowel movements. He is able to push the bulge back in without issue. After exami... | C: Ilioinguinal nerve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of loss of urine for the last several months. She loses small amounts of urine without warning after coughing or sneezing. She also sometimes forgets the names of her relatives. She is retired and lives at an assisted-living facility. She has type 2 diabet... | C: Urethral hypermobility |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 78-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a 3-week history of productive cough, swelling of the legs and feet, and fatigue. He has had progressive dyspnea on exertion for the past 2 months. Twelve years ago, he received a porcine valve replacement for severe mitral valve regurgitation. He ha... | D: Valve degeneration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old girl presents with a sore throat. The patient says symptoms onset acutely 3 days ago and have progressively worsened. She denies any history of cough, nasal congestion or rhinorrhea. No significant past medical history or current medications. The vital signs include: temperature 37.7°C (99.9°F), blood p... | B: Rapid strep test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of intermittent bleeding from her vagina. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. Pelvic ultrasound shows a thickened endometrial stripe and a left adnexal mass. Endometrial biopsy shows a well-differentiated adenocarcinom... | B: Granulosa cell tumor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man comes into your office because of pain in his right knee, left elbow, and left wrist. It started about a week ago but has particularly localized to his wrist. The patient states that he has 2 sexual partners. He states he has also had some white discharge from his penis with pruritis and pain during... | A: Arthrocentesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old college student is diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia after presenting with a 3-week history of fever, malaise, and fatigue. He has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus, multiple middle ear infections as a child, and infectious mononucleosis in high school. He currently smokes 1 pack of cigarett... | C: Allopurinol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old woman is brought to a physician’s office by her son with complaints of diarrhea and vomiting for 1 day. Her stool is loose, watery, and yellow-colored, while her vomitus contains partially digested food particles. She denies having blood or mucus in her stools and vomitus. Since the onset of her symptom... | B: Decreased GFR, decreased RPF, increased FF |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old African-American female presents to your office complaining of dysuria, paresthesias, and blurry vision. Her body mass index is 37.2 kg/m2. Which of the following drugs would most significantly increase the levels of C-peptide in the blood when administered to this patient?? {'A': 'Metformin', 'B': 'Ins... | C: Glipizide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mother because of progressive fatigue, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite over the past 3 days. He was treated in the emergency department once in the past year for swelling of his hands and feet. He was adopted as a baby from Sudan and his family histo... | C: Splenomegaly on ultrasound |
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