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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old man comes to the physician because of an episode of bloody vomiting this morning and a 1-week history of burning upper abdominal pain. Two weeks ago, he sustained a head injury and was in a coma for 3 days. An endoscopy shows multiple, shallow hemorrhagic lesions predominantly in the gastric fundus and ... | E: Erosive gastritis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old medical student comes to the physician for a chest x-ray to rule out active pulmonary tuberculosis. He needs a medical and radiological report before starting a medical internship in South Africa. He has no history of serious illness and does not complain of any symptoms. He has smoked 1 pack of cigaret... | B: Observation and follow-up x-ray |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old woman presents to her physician for a routine checkup. She is in good health and has no complaints. Past medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. She recently started metformin and is tolerating the mild side effects, but her fasting blood glucose levels range from 160–19... | D: Serum creatinine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old primigravid woman comes to the emergency department because of a 12-hour history of lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. She also had nausea and fatigue for the past 3 weeks. Her last menstrual period was 8 weeks ago. Prior to that, her menses occurred regularly at 30-day intervals and lasted for ... | C: Trophoblastic proliferation with chorionic villi distention |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man presents with a 3-day history of cough and fever. He says that he recently became a factory worker in a huge plant that is involved in the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymerization process. Because he has heard about occupational diseases specifically related to this particular industry, he asks the p... | C: Hepatic angiosarcoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 29-year-old African-American male comes to the physician with a 2-week history of progressive fatigue and shortness of breath on exertion. Last week he noticed that his eyes were gradually turning yellow and his urine was dark. He has a family history of type II diabetes. He denies changes in uri... | E: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with hematemesis and shock. Five days ago she had a severe fever 40.0℃ (104.0℉), retro-orbital pain, nausea, and myalgias. The high temperatures decreased over a few days, but she developed severe abdominal pain and bleeding gums. A single episode of he... | B: Dengue fever |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department after he vomited and said he was having double vision in school. He also says that he has been experiencing morning headaches, nausea, and dizziness over the last month. He has no past medical history and is not taking any medications. Physical exam reveals a b... | D: Rosettes with small blue cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department following a car accident in which he suffered multiple injuries. He is accompanied by his mother. She reports that his medical history is notable only for recurrent sinusitis and otitis as a child. He lost a significant amount of blood from the accident, and he... | E: Administering washed blood products |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Three hours after undergoing a total right hip replacement, a 71-year-old woman has tingling around the lips and numbness in her fingertips. Her surgery was complicated by unintentional laceration of the right femoral artery that resulted in profuse bleeding. She appears uncomfortable. Examination shows an adducted t... | B: Calcium chelation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old man presents to the office for evaluation of a lesion on his upper arm that appeared a few months ago and has not healed. A patient appears healthful but has a history of cardiovascular disease. He states that his friend at the industrial ammunition factory where he works told him he should “get it look... | A: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with complaints of fevers to 39.0℃ (102.2℉) and diarrhea for the past 12 hours. There is no history of headaches, vomiting, or loss of consciousness. The past medical history is unobtainable because the patient recently immigrated from abroad and has a language... | C: Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 79-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband 20 minutes after losing consciousness. She was walking briskly with her husband when she collapsed suddenly. Her husband says that she regained consciousness after 1 minute. She has had episodes of mild chest pain for the past 2 months, especia... | D: Dystrophic calcification on the aortic valve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A researcher is studying receptors that respond to epinephrine in the body and discovers a particular subset that is expressed in presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals. She discovers that upon activation, these receptors will lead to decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. She then studies the intracellular s... | B: Dopamine receptors in the brain |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a dry mouth and blurred vision for the past 30 minutes. Prior to this, he was on a road trip and started to feel nauseous, dizzy, and fatigued, so his friend gave him a drug that had helped in the past. Physical examination shows dry mucous membranes and ... | B: Oxybutynin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An inconsolable mother brings her 2-year-old son to the emergency room after finding a large amount of bright red blood in his diaper, an hour ago. She states that for the past week her son has been having crying fits while curling his legs towards his chest in a fetal position. His crying resolves either after vomit... | B: Failure of the vitelline duct to close |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by police for abnormal behavior in a mini-market. The patient was found passed out in the aisle, and police were unable to arouse him. The patient has a past medical history of alcohol abuse and is not currently taking any medications according to his medical r... | C: Miosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old boy with asthma is brought to the physician because of a 2-week history of facial pain and congestion. His mother states that the nasal discharge was initially clear, but it has become thicker and more purulent over the last week. He has tried multiple over-the-counter oral decongestants and antihistami... | B: Viral upper respiratory tract infection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 76-year-old woman is brought to the physician because of lesions on her left arm. She first noticed them 3 months ago and they have grown larger since that time. She has not had any pain or pruritus in the area. She has a history of invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast, which was treated with mastectomy and... | C: Angiosarcoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old female presents to the clinic with the complaints of dry skin for a few months. She adds that she also has constipation for which she started eating vegetables and fruits but with no improvement. She lives with her husband and children who often complain when she turns the air conditioning to high as sh... | B: Amiodarone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man with a past medical history of previous myocardial infarction, angina, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, and below knee amputation has developed new chest pain. His medication includes insulin, hydrochlorothiazide, lisinopril, metoprolol, daily aspirin, at... | A: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A newborn infant is born at 41 weeks gestation to a healthy G1P0 mother. The delivery was complicated by shoulder dystocia. The infant is in the 89th and 92th percentiles for height and weight, respectively. The mother's past medical history is notable for diabetes mellitus and obesity. Immediately after birth, the c... | B: C5 and C6 nerve roots |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system yields a significant physiological effect on renal blood flow and filtration. Which of the following is most likely to occur in response to increased levels of Angiotensin-II?? {'A': 'Increased renal plasma flow, decreased filtration fraction', 'B': 'Increased re... | D: Decreased renal plasma flow, increased filtration fraction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman presents to her family physician because of sinusitis and nasal drainage for 3 months. The nasal drainage is purulent and occasionally hemorrhagic. She has only temporary improvement after trying multiple over the counter medications. Over the last 2 weeks, she also has fatigue and joint pain, mai... | C: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old male presents to the emergency room complaining of chest pain. He reports a pressure-like sensation over his sternum that radiates into his jaw. The pain came on suddenly 2 hours ago and has been constant since then. His past medical history is notable for a stable abdominal aortic aneurysm, hypertensio... | A: Friction rub |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old woman is rushed to the emergency room by her daughter after she found her unconscious. Bruises are visible on the patient’s torso and limbs, and it is evident that she has epistaxis. Her daughter says that the patient was diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenic purpura at 61 years of age and has not had ... | C: Administration of intravenous immunoglobulins |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old girl is admitted to the hospital with a one-day history of acute abdominal pain and vomiting. She also has a two-day history of fever, headache, and neck pain. Her immunizations are up-to-date. She is confused and oriented only to place and person. Her temperature is 39.7°C (103.5°F), pulse is 148/min, b... | B: Adrenal hemorrhage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of muscle stiffness, myalgia, and a 7-kg (15-lb) weight gain. Her last menstrual period was 4 months ago. Physical examination shows cold, dry skin, and proximal muscle weakness. Deep tendon reflexes are 2+ bilaterally, with delayed relaxation. T... | A: Thyroid function tests |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old man presents to the emergency department with acute substernal chest pain that began a few hours ago. The pain is described as a “pressure” that radiates to his left arm. His past medical history is significant for hypertension and hyperlipidemia. He is on chlorthalidone for his hypertension and simvast... | D: Papillary muscle rupture |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department for a severe throbbing headache, nausea, and photophobia for 3 hours. She has severe occipital pain and chest tightness. Prior to onset of symptoms, she had attended a networking event where she had red wine and, shortly after, a snack consisting of salami an... | C: Phenelzine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A group of scientists is verifying previous research on DNA replication. The diagram below illustrates the theoretical DNA replication process in bacteria such as E. coli. Which of the following enzymes would need to be decreased to prevent the removal of RNA primers formed in the lagging strand?? {'A': 'Helicase', '... | D: DNA polymerase I 5’ to 3’ exonuclease activity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his family because of severe upper back pain, which he describes as ripping. The pain started suddenly 1 hour ago while he was watching television. He has hypertension for 13 years, but he is not compliant with his medications. He denies the use of nicotine,... | E: Intravenous esmolol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man comes to the physician because of several episodes of painless bloody urine over the past 6 months. The episodes are not related to physical activity. He has had frequent nosebleeds since early childhood and an episode of heavy bleeding after a tooth extraction one year ago. He smokes one pack of ci... | D: Intraarticular iron deposition |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of progressive diarrhea and a 2.2-kg (5-lb) weight loss. During the past week, he has had six small bloody stools daily. He is employed as a sales manager and regularly flies to South America. He has HIV, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hyperte... | A: Cytomegalovirus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old female presents to her primary care physician complaining of a gradually enlarging neck mass. She reports that she first developed a firm nodular midline mass on the anterior aspect of her neck two months ago. She is otherwise healthy and takes no medications. A fine-needle aspiration is performed and a... | C: Papillary thyroid carcinoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old G1P0 female of Middle Eastern descent gives birth to a male infant at 38 weeks’ gestation. The child is in the 15th percentile for both height and weight. Over the course of the first six months of the child’s life, he develops multiple severe skin and mucosal infections characterized by dramatically el... | B: Rolling |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother for a 2-day history of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and decreased appetite. Her last menstrual period was 3 weeks ago. Her temperature is 37.6°C (99.7°F). Abdominal examination shows tenderness to palpation with guarding in the right lower qu... | E: Lymphatic tissue hyperplasia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a headache, blurry vision, and abdominal pain. He states that his symptoms started several hours ago and have been gradually worsening. His temperature is 99.3°F (37.4°C), blood pressure is 222/128 mmHg, pulse is 87/min, respirations are 16/min, and oxygen s... | B: Hydroxocobalamin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 18-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with a complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness. He denies any substance abuse or major changes in his sleep schedule. He reports frequently dozing off during his regular daily activities. On further review of systems, he endorses falling asleep frequently wi... | D: Hypothalamus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man presents to the primary care office with a recent history of frequent falls. He had been able to walk normally until about a year ago when he started noticing that both of his legs felt weak. He's also had some trouble with feeling in his feet. These 2 problems have caused multiple falls over the la... | B: Genetic |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a 1-hour history of disorientation and slurred speech. He has a 10-year history of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. His blood pressure is 210/110 mm Hg, and pulse is 90/min. Once the patient is stabilized, an MRI of the brain is performed, whic... | B: Flattening of the right nasolabial fold |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy presents to the pediatrician for a well child visit. He is meeting his developmental milestones and is in the 15th percentile for height and 70th percentile for weight. His parents report that he complains of fatiguing easily and having trouble participating in sports. They are concerned he is not ge... | D: Increased RDW and TIBC |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a knife wound to his back. His pulse is 110/min, respirations are 14/min, and blood pressure is 125/78 mm Hg. Examination shows a 5-cm deep stab wound at the level of T9. He withdraws the right foot to pain but is unable to sense vibration or whether... | B: Posterior spinal artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of a 2-hour history of severe epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Her father has a history of similar episodes of abdominal pain and developed diabetes mellitus at the age of 30 years. Abdominal examination shows guarding and rigidity. Ultrasonography of the a... | C: Premature activation of trypsinogen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man is brought to your emergency department under arrest by the local police. The patient was found naked at a busy intersection jumping up and down on top of a car. Interviewing the patient, you discover that he has not slept in 2 days because he does not feel tired. He reports hearing voices. The pati... | C: Schizoaffective disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department with an enlarged left knee. The patient’s parents state that his knee began to swell up a few hours ago while the family was indoors, watching TV. This has never happened before. The boy says his knee hurts when he puts weight on it. Past medical history is unre... | C: Desmopressin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old man is brought in by his wife with acute onset aphasia for the past 5 hours. The patient’s wife says that they were sitting having dinner when suddenly he was not able to speak. They delayed coming to the hospital because he had a similar episode 2 months ago which resolved within an hour. His past medi... | D: Mechanical thrombectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman presents with a painful lesion in her mouth. She denies tooth pain, bleeding from the gums, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or previous episodes similar to this in the past. She states that her last normal menstrual period was 12 days ago, and she has not been sexually active since starting medical sc... | D: This lesion is non-contagious but will most likely recur. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1, comes to the physician for the evaluation of a painful mass in her left breast for several days. She has no fevers or chills. She has not noticed any changes in the right breast. She has no history of serious illness. Her last menstrual period was 3 weeks ago. She appears anxio... | A: Fine needle aspiration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-month-old girl is brought to the pediatrician by her mother with a history of 3 episodes of breath-holding spells. The patient’s mother says that this is a new behavior and she is concerned. The patient was born at full term by spontaneous vaginal delivery with an uneventful perinatal period. She is also up to d... | D: Loss of purposeful use of her hands |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman presents to the physician with the complaint of worsening fatigue over the past several months. She has found that she requires nearly double the amount of coffee consumption each day to stay awake at work and that despite maintaining a balanced, healthy diet, she has experienced significant weigh... | C: Galactorrhea |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of progressive shortness of breath and a dry cough. She has also noticed gradual development of facial discoloration. She has coronary artery disease, hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. She does not remember which medications she takes. Her t... | D: Amiodarone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-month-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother for a well-child examination. He was delivered at term after an uncomplicated pregnancy. His mother says he is breastfeeding well. He is at the 50th percentile for height and 65th percentile for weight. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Urinalysi... | E: Hexokinase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old girl presents with menorrhagia for the last 4 months. The patient’s mother says that she just started getting her period 4 months ago, which have been heavy and prolonged. The patient does recall getting a tooth extracted 3 years ago that was complicated by persistent bleeding afterward. She has no othe... | B: Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of worsening shortness of breath with walking. He has not had any cough, fevers, or recent weight loss. He has hypercholesterolemia, for which he takes simvastatin, but otherwise is healthy. For 35 years he has worked for a demolition company. He h... | E: Bronchogenic carcinoma " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old woman comes to the physician because of painful paresthesias in her foot. Examination shows decreased sensation in the first interdigital space and a hallux valgus deformity. This patient's paresthesias are most likely caused by compression of which of the following nerves?? {'A': 'Superficial peroneal ... | B: Deep peroneal nerve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old male is brought to the emergency department by paramedics after being found down on the sidewalk. The paramedics are unable to provide any further history and the patient in unresponsive. On exam, the patient's vitals are: T: 36 deg C, HR: 65 bpm, BP: 100/66, RR: 4, SaO2: 96%. The emergency physician al... | D: Heroin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A retrospective study was conducted in a US county in order to determine the frequency of hypodontia (tooth agenesis), the most common craniofacial malformation in humans, as well as to assess the need for an interdisciplinary approach to managing subsequent functional and esthetic sequelae in a target population. Us... | B: Period prevalence |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A child is brought into the emergency room by her mother. Her mother states that the 7-year-old child was playing with their dog, who is up to date on his vaccinations. When the dog started playing more aggressively, the child suffered a bite on the hand with two puncture wounds from the dog's canines. The child is u... | C: Pasteurella multocida |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 2-day history of fever and swelling of the neck. His mother says that he has been increasingly weak over the past month. He takes no medications. His vaccination history is complete. His temperature is 39.5°C (103.1°F), blood pressure is 115... | A: Acute lymphoid leukemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-month-old male infant is brought to the physician by his father because of swelling of his left hemiscrotum. He has otherwise been healthy and is gaining weight appropriately. Physical examination shows a nontender left scrotal mass that transilluminates. The mass increases in size when the boy cries but is easil... | D: Patent processus vaginalis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman presents to the family medical center with a 2-week history of a sore throat. She says that she has felt increasingly tired during the day and has a difficult time staying awake during her classes at the university. She appears well-nourished with a low energy level. Her vital signs include the fo... | A: Positive monospot test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a 2-hour history of nausea, vomiting, and retrosternal pain that radiates to the back. Abdominal examination shows tenderness to palpation in the epigastric area. A CT scan of the patient's chest is shown. Which of the following is the most likely di... | A: Esophageal rupture |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of abdominal cramping, vomiting, and watery diarrhea for the past 4 hours. One day ago, she went to a seafood restaurant with her family to celebrate her birthday. Three of the attendees have developed similar symptoms. The patient appears lethargic. Her t... | C: Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman comes to the physician because of recurrent episodes of reddish discoloration of her urine. She also has a 3-month history of intermittent abdominal pain, yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes, and fatigue. Physical examination shows pallor and scleral icterus. The spleen is not palpable. H... | C: Absence of protective factors against destruction by complement |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old male presents to the emergency department with facial swelling and trouble breathing. These symptoms began this morning and progressively worsened over the past several hours. Vital signs are as follows: T 37.7, HR 108, BP 120/76, RR 20, and SpO2 96%. Physical examination reveals nonpitting swelling of ... | E: Deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department with palpitations, sweating, and shortness of breath that began 10 minutes ago. He says, “Please help me, I don't want to die.” He has experienced several similar episodes over the past 2 months, which occurred without warning in situations including open spaces or ... | C: Oral alprazolam |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man presents to a physician with a single painless ulcer on his glans penis that he first noticed 2 weeks ago. He mentions that he is sexually active with multiple partners. There is no history of fevers. Initially, he thought that the ulcer would go away on its own, but decided to come to the clinic be... | A: Azithromycin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old girl with an aortic stenosis correction comes to the office for a follow-up visit for acute lymphoblastic lymphoma. She initiated chemotherapy a week before through a peripherally inserted central line. She reports being ‘tired all the time’ and has been bruising easily. Her vital signs are within normal... | E: Infective endocarditis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old pregnant woman, G4 P3, visits your office at week 30 of gestation. She is very excited about her pregnancy and wants to be the healthiest she can be in preparation for labor and for her baby. What vaccination should she receive at this visit?? {'A': 'Live attenuated influenza vaccine', 'B': 'Tetanus, di... | B: Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old Caucasian male presents to your office with hemoptysis and hematuria. On physical exam you note a saddle nose deformity. Laboratory results show an elevated level of cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for this patient?? {'A': 'Smokin... | C: Corticosteroids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 1 hour after the sudden onset of shortness of breath, severe chest pain, and sweating. He has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has smoked one pack and a half of cigarettes daily for 20 years. An ECG shows ST-segment elevations in leads II, III, and... | B: Conversion of plasminogen to plasmin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man presents to the outpatient clinic for a routine health checkup. He recently lost his hearing completely in both ears and has occasional flare-ups of osteoarthritis in his hands and hips. He is a non-diabetic and hypertensive for the past 25 years. His brother recently died due to prostate cancer. Hi... | B: Paget's disease of the bone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man is brought to the emergency room after suffering a catastrophic fall while skiing during a training session. He was found unconscious by the aeromedical emergency services team, who established an airway and cervical spine control measures. Upon arrival at the emergency department, ventilatory suppo... | C: Central herniation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 11-year-old boy with Burkitt lymphoma is brought to the emergency department because of nausea, vomiting, flank pain, and dark urine for 1 day. Two days ago, he began induction chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, and doxorubicin. Urinalysis shows 3+ blood and abundant amber-colored, rhom... | C: Alkalinization of the urine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old male with a history significant for IV drug use comes to the emergency department complaining of persistent fatigue and malaise for the past three weeks. On physical exam, you observe a lethargic male with icteric sclera and hepatomegaly. AST and ALT are elevated at 600 and 750, respectively. HCV RNA is... | D: Combined interferon and ribavirin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 41-year-old woman comes to the doctor because of gradually progressive weakness in her right hand over the past few weeks. She goes to the gym to lift weights 5 times a week. With the dorsum of the right hand on a flat surface, the patient is unable to move her thumb to touch a pen held 2 cm above the interphalange... | D: Abductor pollicis brevis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman presents to the emergency department because she started experiencing dyspnea and urticaria after dinner. Her symptoms began approximately 15 minutes after eating a new type of shellfish that she has never had before. On physical exam her breathing is labored, and pulmonary auscultation reveals wh... | A: Chemotaxis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 8-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because of 6 months of progressive fatigue and weight loss. His mother reports that during this time, he has had decreased energy and has become a “picky eater.” He often has loose stools and complains of occasional abdominal pain and nause... | C: Glucocorticoids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old girl presents to your office with a fever and rash. Her mother first noticed the rash 2 days ago after a camping trip. The rash began on her wrists and ankles and has now spread to her palms and the soles of her feet. This morning, she was feeling unwell and complaining of a headache. She had a fever of... | B: Cross-reactivity of serum with proteus antigens |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man suffered an anterior wall myocardial infarction that was managed in the cath lab with emergent coronary stenting and revascularization. The patient states that his wife, adult children, and cousins may be disclosed information regarding his care and health information. The patient has been progressi... | B: Discuss the patient's hospital course and expected prognosis with the woman |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 28-year-old primigravid woman at 30 weeks' gestation comes to the physician with a 5-day history of epigastric pain and nausea that is worse at night. Two years ago, she was diagnosed with a peptic ulcer and was treated with a proton pump inhibitor and antibiotics. Medications include folic acid ... | D: Stretching of Glisson capsule |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of progressive tingling and weakness in both of his legs for the past two days. The patient reports that his symptoms interfere with his ability to walk. Two weeks ago, he had an upper respiratory tract infection, which resolved spontaneously. His vital... | D: Respiratory failure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of productive cough, fever, and lethargy. He also has several skin lesions over his body. His symptoms began 3 weeks after he returned from a camping trip in Kentucky. Three years ago, he underwent kidney transplantation for polycystic kidney diseas... | E: Blastomycosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old woman presents for a routine wellness checkup. She complains of general fatigue and lethargy for the past 6 months. She does not have a significant past medical history and is currently not taking any medications. The patient reports that she drinks “socially” approx. 6 nights a week. She says she also ... | A: Iron deficiency anemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old male is rushed to the emergency department after he developed a sudden-onset severe headache with ensuing nausea, vomiting, vision changes, and loss of consciousness. Past medical history is unattainable. He reports that the headache is worse than any he has experienced before. Noncontrast CT of the hea... | D: Kidney ultrasound showing numerous bilateral renal cysts |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old girl comes to the physician for a well-child examination. She feels well. Her father has coronary artery disease and hypertension. Her mother has type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and had a myocardial infarction at the age of 52 years. She is at the 25th percentile for height and above the... | B: Reduced-calorie diet |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman who is an established patient presents to your office. She is complaining of increased urination and increased thirst. She has recently began taking several over-the-counter vitamins and supplements. On further review, she reports she has also been having abdominal pain and constipation. She denie... | C: Calcium level |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy is brought to his primary care physician after his mom noticed that he was limping. He says that he has been experiencing significant hip and knee pain over the last 2 months but thought he may have just strained a muscle. Radiographs show a collapse of the femoral head, and he is diagnosed with Legg... | E: Polyubiquitination of proteins |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old African American G1P0010 presents to her gynecologist for an annual visit. She has a medical history of hypertension, for which she takes hydrochlorothiazide. The patient’s mother had breast cancer at age 68, and her sister has endometriosis. At this visit, the patient’s temperature is 98.6°F (37.0°C), ... | E: Iron deficiency anemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old previously healthy woman with no other past medical history is post-operative day one from an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured right radius and ulna after a motor vehicle accident. What is one of the primary ways of preventing postoperative pneumonia in this patient?? {'A': 'In-hospit... | D: Incentive spirometry |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old gravida-2-para-1 at 12 weeks gestation presents for a prenatal visit. Over the past week, she has felt increasingly tired, even after waking up in the morning. She is vegan and avoids all animal products. She was diagnosed with Graves’ disease 6 months ago. Before conception, methimazole was switched to... | B: Drug-induced marrow failure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He has no history of serious illness. His mother has hypertension and his father died of testicular cancer at the age of 51 years. He does not smoke or drink. He is sexually active and uses condoms consistently. He takes no medicat... | E: Hepatitis A vaccine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old woman seeks evaluation from her gynecologist due to recent changes in her menstrual cycle. Her last menstrual period was greater than 12 months ago. She has 2 children and had regular menstrual periods in the past. She also complains of difficulty in falling and staying asleep, occasional hot flashes, v... | E: Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old female was found upon mammography to have branching calcifications in the right lower breast. Physical exam revealed a palpable nodularity in the same location. A tissue biopsy was taken from the lesion, and the pathology report diagnosed the lesion as comedocarcinoma. Which of the following histologica... | E: Pleomorphic cells surrounding areas of caseous necrosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old male presents to the pediatrician with seizures. His mother reports that the patient has had two seizures lasting about 30 seconds each over the last three days. She reports that the patient has previously had seizures a few times per year since he was 12 months of age. The patient’s past medical history... | D: Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of progressive loss of vision in her left eye and gradual blurring of vision in her right eye over the past 2 months. She also says that she has had occasional headaches and has noticed a decrease in her sense of smell lately. The patient's only medication... | D: Meningioma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for a general checkup. The patient is a healthy young man with no significant past medical history. He is a MD/PhD student and lives in New York City. He exercises frequently and is doing very well in school. He is currently sexually active with multiple female... | B: Decreased GnRH |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to the physician with blood in his sputum for 3 days. He also mentions that he has had a cough for the last 3 months but thought that it was because of the winter season. He also has often experienced fatigue recently. His temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), the respiratory rate is 15/min, the ... | C: Platinum-based chemotherapy plus etoposide and thoracic radiation therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old man is brought to a psychiatric hospital by friends for erratic behavior. He has been up for the past several nights painting his apartment walls purple and reading the Bible out loud, as well as talking fast and making sexually provocative comments. Collateral information from family reveals 2 similar ... | A: Continue lithium lifelong |
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