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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Six hours after giving birth to a healthy 3100 g (6 lb 13oz) girl, a 40-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1 suddenly has a tonic-clonic seizure for 2-minutes while on the ward. She had been complaining of headache, blurry vision, and abdominal pain for an hour before the incident. Her pregnancy was complicated by gesta... | B: Magnesium sulfate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old woman comes to the emergency department 4 hours after the onset of abdominal and right shoulder pain. She has nausea and has had 2 episodes of vomiting. The pain began after her last meal, is constant, and she describes it as 7 out of 10 in intensity. She has had multiple similar episodes over the past ... | C: Abdominal paracentesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old female presents to your clinic for evaluation of "skin problems." She complains of severe acne and "spots" all over her face that have persisted for the last 8 years, despite innumerable creams and lotions. She reports spending several hours every morning using make-up just to go outside. She wishes to ... | E: Major depressive disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Thirty minutes after surgical nasal polyp removal for refractory rhinitis, a 40-year-old man has retrosternal chest tightness and shortness of breath in the post-anesthesia care unit. The surgical course was uncomplicated and the patient was successfully extubated before arrival to the unit. He received 0.5 L of lact... | D: Pseudoallergic reaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A healthy 28-year-old woman at 30-weeks gestational age, has gained 35lbs since becoming pregnant. She complains of several weeks of bilateral numbness and tingling of her palms, thumbs, index and middle fingers that is worse at night. She also notes weakness gripping objects at the office. Which nerve is most likely... | A: Median nerve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man comes to the emergency department complaining of severe abdominal pain for the last several hours. The pain is cramp-like in nature, constant, 8/10, and has worsened over time. It is associated with bilious vomiting. He gives a history of episodic right upper abdominal pain for the past few months, ... | A: Cholelithiasis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman comes to the physician because of severe headaches and lightheadedness for 2 months. She has also been hearing a 'swoosh' sound in her left ear for the past month. She has allergic rhinitis and acne. Her sister is being treated for thyroid cancer. Current medications include levocetirizine, topica... | E: Elevated renin level |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 76-year-old man presents with progressive fatigue, shortness of breath, and brownish discoloration of the urine for the past 5 weeks. Past medical history is significant for aortic valve replacement surgery 2 years ago. His vital signs include: temperature 36.7°C (98.0°F), blood pressure 130/85 mm Hg, pulse 87/min.... | A: Schistocytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman comes to a fertility clinic because she has been trying to conceive for over a year without success. She has never been pregnant, but her husband has 2 children from a previous marriage. She broke a collarbone during a skiing accident but has otherwise been healthy with no chronic conditions. On p... | E: X-linked recessive |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old girl is brought to the physician for recurrent episodes of shortness of breath, nonproductive cough, and chest tightness for 3 months. These episodes occur especially while playing sports and resolve spontaneously with rest. She appears healthy. Her pulse is 63/min, respirations are 15/min, and blood pr... | B: Albuterol before exercise |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old woman with HIV comes to the emergency department because of a 2-week history of diarrhea and abdominal cramping. She has had up to 10 watery stools per day. She also has anorexia and nausea. She returned from a trip to Mexico 4 weeks ago where she went on two hiking trips and often drank from spring wat... | E: Cryptosporidium parvum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother because of a 2-week history of generalized fatigue, intermittent fever, and progressively worsening shortness of breath. Physical examination shows pallor, jugular venous distention, and nontender cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy. Inspiratory stridor is... | E: Positive CD3/CD7 staining |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man is brought to the emergency room after being involved in a traffic accident. He currently complains of bilateral hip pain. His vital signs are within the normal range, and he is hemodynamically stable. The pelvic compression test is positive. External genitalia appears normal, except there is blood ... | A: Obtain a retrograde urethrogram (RUG), including a pre-injection kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) film |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old woman visits an urgent care clinic with a complaint of fever for the past 48 hours. She has been having frequent chills and increasing abdominal pain since her fever spiked to 39.4°C (103.0°F) at home. She states that abdominal pain is constant, non-radiating, and rates the pain as a 4/10. She also comp... | A: Ascending cholangitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man visits his primary care provider for a routine check-up. He reports he has always had trouble sleeping, but falling asleep and staying asleep have become more difficult over the past few months. He experiences daytime fatigue and sleepiness but does not have time to nap. He drinks one cup of coffee ... | D: Inhibits REM |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old African-American male with a BMI of 22 is brought to his physician by his mother to address concerns about a change in his dietary habits. The patient's mother notes that he is constantly hungry and thirsty, despite his eating and drinking water in excess. She also reports an increase in his use of the ... | A: Insulitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-month-old boy is brought to his pediatrician because of a 3-day history of fever and lethargy. He has previously had more infections than expected since birth but otherwise appears to be developing normally. On exam, the boy is found to have a purulent, erythematous bump on his left upper extremity. This lesion ... | D: HMP shunt |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a 24-hour history of severe lower abdominal pain. She has had two episodes of nonbloody vomiting today and has been unable to keep down food or fluids. She has not had a bowel movement since the day before. She has hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and oste... | D: CT scan of the abdomen with contrast |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man without recent travel history presents a 2-week history of gradually worsening abdominal pruritus. He is unsure if his skin has yellowed, and carries an identification card without a photograph for comparison. On physical examination, the liver morphology is normal. A basic chemistry panel reveal so... | A: Portal vein thrombosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old girl presents for a routine checkup. The patient’s parents say she has been looking pale and tired lately. Her family history is unremarkable. Upon physical examination, several bruises are seen, as well as petechial bleeding on her limbs. A complete blood count shows leukocytosis with severe anemia and ... | A: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband because of increasing confusion for 3 days. Her husband states that he noticed a yellowish discoloration of her eyes for the past 6 days. She has osteoarthritis. Current medications include acetaminophen and a vitamin supplement. She does not d... | D: N-acetylcysteine therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old obese man presents to the office complaining of chronic heartburn and nausea for the past 6 months. These symptoms are relieved when he takes 20 mg of omeprazole twice a day. The patient was prompted to come to the doctor when he recently experienced difficulty breathing and shortness of breath, symptom... | A: Protrusion of fundus of the stomach through the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 5-day history of pain and stiffness in her hands and wrists and a nonpruritic generalized rash. The stiffness is worst in the morning and improves after 15–20 minutes of activity. She had fever and a runny nose 10 days ago that resolved without treatment. She is... | C: Parvovirus arthritis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying physiological changes in the autonomic nervous system in response to different stimuli. 40 μg of epinephrine is infused in a healthy volunteer over a period of 5 minutes, and phenoxybenzamine is subsequently administered. Which of the following effects is most likely to be observed in this... | D: Increased secretion of insulin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old female presents to her endocrinologist for a new patient appointment. She initially presented three months ago as a referral for a new diagnosis of type II diabetes mellitus. At that time, her HbA1c was found to be 8.8%, and she was started on metformin. Her metformin was quickly uptitrated to the maxim... | A: Exenatide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A mother brings her 8-month-old child to your pediatric clinic with concerns of a rash. Physical exam reveals an erythematous, weeping rash involving bilateral cheeks and scalp. You prescribe a topical agent that is considered the first-line pharmacological treatment for this condition. What is a common concern that ... | B: Skin atrophy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of increasing weakness and numbness of her legs for 3 days. She noticed that the weakness was more severe after she had a hot shower that morning. A year ago, she had an episode of partial vision loss in her left eye that resolved within 3 weeks. She is se... | E: Oligoclonal bands in cerebral spinal fluid |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man comes to the physician 1 hour after he slipped in the shower and fell on his back. Since the event, he has had severe neck pain. He rates the pain as an 8–9 out of 10. On questioning, he has had lower back pain for the past 2 years that radiates to the buttocks bilaterally. He reports that the pain ... | D: Recurring eye redness and pain |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old man is brought to the clinic with a history of recurrent falls. He has been slow in his movements and walks clumsily. He denies fever, vision problems, limb weakness, numbness, abnormal sensation in his limbs, trauma, or inability to pass urine. The past medical history is unremarkable, and he only take... | E: Loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with a 3-day history of productive cough with purulent sputum and fever with chills. On the second day of admission, he develops bloody vomiting, altered mental status, and multiple red spots all over the body. He is oriented only to self. His temperature is 39.3°C (102.7... | A: Disseminated intravascular coagulation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman undergoes endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for evaluation of suspected biliary strictures. The ERCP identifies 2 ducts in the pancreas (a small ventral duct and a larger dorsal duct). A diagnosis of a congenital pancreatic anomaly is made. Which of the following statements bes... | D: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) scanning of the abdomen is the most sensitive non-invasive diagnostic technique for this condition |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man is admitted with fever, chills, and rigor which have lasted for 4 days. He also complains of associated recent-onset fatigue. Past medical history is insignificant. He drinks a can of beer every night. His temperature is 39.0°C (102.2°F), pulse is 120/min, blood pressure is 122/80 mm Hg, and respira... | E: Refer for an outpatient colonoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old primigravid woman at 15 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a routine prenatal visit. She has not been taking prenatal vitamins and admits to consuming alcohol regularly. Pelvic examination shows a uterus consistent in size with a 15-week gestation. A quadruple screening test shows markedly elev... | D: Spina bifida cystica |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old male with worsening memory, behavior changes, and disorientation over the span of several years was admitted to the hospital for signs of severe pneumonia. He passes away after failed antibiotic therapy. Which of the following findings would most likely be identified on autopsy?? {'A': 'Lewy bodies', 'B... | D: Extracellular amyloid forming parenchymal plaques |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman presents to her physician for a routine health maintenance examination. Recently, she has felt weak, and she has dyspnea when she performs her daily exercise routine. She has no significant past medical history. She has not had any menstrual bleeding for more than 6 years. She has smoked half a pa... | B: Gastrointestinal endoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of severe right hip pain. The pain is worse at night. He has chronic headaches and back pain for which he takes vitamin D, calcium supplements, and ibuprofen. Examination shows hip tenderness and mild sensorineural hearing loss. X-ray of the hip sh... | C: Osteosarcoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old with a past medical history significant for human immunodeficiency virus infection presents to the emergency department after he was found to be experiencing worsening confusion. The patient was noted to be disoriented by residents and staff at the homeless shelter where he resides. On presentation he r... | C: Herpes simplex virus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of intermittent right lateral hip pain that radiates to the thigh. Climbing stairs and lying on his right side aggravates the pain. Examination shows tenderness to palpation over the upper lateral part of the right thigh. There is no swelling. When... | E: Greater trochanter " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old primigravid woman comes to the physician for an initial prenatal visit at 13 weeks' gestation. She has had episodic headaches over the past month. She has no history of serious illness. Her immunizations are up-to-date. Her temperature is 37°C (98.6°F) and pulse is 90/min. Repeated measurements show a b... | E: Chronic hypertension |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man presents to his family physician for a routine check-up but also states he has been feeling less energetic than usual. He mentions that he has recently been promoted to a nurse manager position at a regional medical center. His medical history is significant for hypertension and hyperlipidemia, for ... | B: Isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old man comes to the physician because of lower back pain that has become progressively worse over the past 2 months. The pain is also present at night and does not improve if he changes his position. He has stiffness for at least 1 hour each morning that improves throughout the day. Over the past 3 months,... | D: PPD skin test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought into your office by his parents who state that the boy has been noncompliant with his toilet training and passes stools every 4 days. They describe his stool as hard pellets. They deny any problems during pregnancy and state that he was born at a weight of 7 lbs and 10 oz. They state that ... | D: Laxatives and stool softeners |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. Ten months ago, he was diagnosed with HIV infection and appropriate antiretroviral therapy was initiated. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies show increased viral load despite ongoing treatment. His pharmacotherapy is sw... | E: Viral fusion and entry into host cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man presents with pruritus and jaundice. Past medical history is significant for ulcerative colitis diagnosed 2 years ago, well managed medically. He is vaccinated against hepatitis A and B and denies any recent travel abroad. On physical examination, prominent hepatosplenomegaly is noted. Which of the ... | A: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with a sore throat and trouble breathing. His mother states that his symptoms started last night and have rapidly been worsening. The patient is typically healthy, has received all his childhood immunizations, and currently takes a daily multivitamin. His temperat... | D: Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man comes to the physician because of progressive swelling of his legs over the past 2 months. During this period, the patient has had an unintentional 5-kg (11-lb) weight gain. He also reports frequent numbness of the tips of his fingers and cramping in his back and leg muscles. He has a history of HIV... | B: Segmental sclerosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 10 minutes after the sudden onset of shortness of breath, dry cough, nausea, and an itchy rash. The symptoms started 15 minutes after she had dinner with her husband and her two sons at a local seafood restaurant. The patient has a 2-year history of hypertens... | A: Intramuscular epinephrine administration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old man, who was a coal miner for more than 15 years presents with complaints of a cough and shortness of breath. His cough started 6 years ago and is dry and persistent. The shortness of breath started 4 months ago and is exacerbated by physical activity. When interviewed, his physician discovers that he d... | A: Coal worker' s pneumoconiosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator studying new drug delivery systems administers an aerosol containing 6.7-μm sized particles to a healthy subject via a nonrebreather mask. Which of the following is the most likely route of clearance of the particulate matter in this subject?? {'A': 'Trapping by nasal vibrissae', 'B': 'Swallowing of n... | C: Expulsion by the mucociliary escalator |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man suffered seizure-like activity followed by a loss of consciousness within minutes after surfacing from a recreational 55-foot dive with some friends. His friends laid him on his side and called emergency services. Past medical history is significant for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation status post fai... | C: Secure the patient’s airway and administer 100% oxygen and rapid transport for recompression in a hyperbaric chamber. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Twelve hours after delivery a 2700-g (5-lb 15-oz) male newborn has 3 episodes of bilious vomiting. He was born at 36 weeks' gestation to a 27-year-old woman. Pregnancy was complicated by polyhydramnios. The mother has smoked one half-pack of cigarettes daily and has a history of intravenous cocaine use. Vital signs a... | B: Jejunal atresia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old woman with a history of asthma presents to the emergency room with persistent gnawing left lower quadrant abdominal pain. She first noticed the pain several hours ago and gets mild relief with ibuprofen. She has not traveled recently, tried any new foods or medications, or been exposed to sick contacts.... | E: Exploratory laporoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:You are a sleep physician comparing the results of several hypnograms taken in the sleep lab the prior night. You examine one chart which shows decreased REM sleep, less total time sleeping, and more frequent nocturnal awakenings. Which of these patients most likely exhibits this pattern?? {'A': 'A healthy 3-year-old... | E: A healthy 75-year-old male |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old woman seeks evaluation by her general physician with complaints of an odorous yellow vaginal discharge and vaginal irritation for the past 3 days. She also complains of itching and soreness. The medical history is unremarkable. She is not diabetic. She has been sexually active with a single partner for ... | A: Metronidazole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 1-year-old child who was born outside of the United States is brought to a pediatrician for the first time because she is not gaining weight. Upon questioning, the pediatrician learns that the child has had frequent pulmonary infections since birth, and on exam the pediatrician appreciates several nasal polyps. Gen... | E: Phenylalanine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old man presents to the office with a past medical history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus type II, hypercholesterolemia, and asthma. Recently, he describes increasing difficulty with breathing, particularly when performing manual labor. He also endorses a new cough, which occurs both indoors and out. He... | A: Asbestosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old man presents with substernal chest pain for the past hour. He describes the chest pain as severe, squeezing in nature, diffusely localized to the substernal area and radiating down his left arm. He also has associated nausea, dizziness, and diaphoresis. He denies any recent history of fever, chest traum... | A: Acute coronary syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:А 55-уеаr-old mаn рrеѕеntѕ to thе offісе wіth a сomрlаіnt of generalized pain particularly in the back. This pain is also present in his knees, elbows, and shoulders bilaterally. Не has stage 4 chronіс kіdnеу dіѕеаѕе and is on weekly hemodialysis; he is wаіtіng for a renal trаnѕрlаnt. Оn physical ехаmіnаtіon, thеrе і... | C: PTH ↑, Ca ↓, phosphate ↑, calcitriol ↓ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with her husband. He is concerned that she has had abnormal behavior and involuntary movements of her body for the last 3 weeks. She now has difficulty remembering names, dates, and events. She even fails to recognize pictures of her children. She was in her no... | C: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old boy is brought in to the emergency room by his parents after he complained of being very weak during a soccer match the same day. The parents noticed that yesterday, the patient seemed somewhat clumsy during soccer practice and was tripping over himself. Today, the patient fell early in his game and com... | C: Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, comma-shaped bacteria |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old woman with no known past medical history and non-significant social and family histories presents to the outpatient clinic for an annual wellness checkup. She has no complaints, and her review of systems is negative. She is up to date on her childhood and adolescent vaccinations. The patient's blood pre... | C: Begin 3-year interval cervical cancer screening via Pap smear at age 21 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 40 weeks of gestation is admitted to the hospital in active labor. The patient has attended many prenatal appointments and followed her physician's advice about screening for diseases, laboratory testing, diet, and exercise. Her pregnancy has been uncomplicated. She has no h... | D: Repositioning |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A father calls the pediatrician because his 7-year-old son began wetting the bed days after the birth of his new born sister. He punished his son for bedwetting but it only made the situation worse. The pediatrician advised him to talk with his son about how he feels, refrain from drinking water near bedtime, and pra... | A: Regression |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman was brought in by ambulance after being struck by a truck while crossing the street. She has lost a large volume of blood, and a transfusion of packed RBCs is indicated. The patient’s blood type is confirmed to be AB+. She is to be given two units of packed red blood cells (RBCs). Which of the fol... | E: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, O- |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with bloody vomiting for the last hour. She had been vomiting for several hours. Additionally, she states she felt a sudden onset of chest and epigastric pain when she noted blood in her vomit. In the emergency room, she endorses feeling lightheaded and denies ... | E: Perform endoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old G2P2002 delivers a male child at 40 weeks gestation after an uncomplicated spontaneous vaginal delivery. The newborn is vigorous at birth with Apgar scores of 7 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The mother has a first-degree laceration that is hemostatically repaired, and the two are transferred t... | B: Breastfeeding |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man presented with gradually progressive gait disturbances since 10 years of age. His gait was clumsy and slow, and it was very difficult for him to perform brisk walking and running. After a few years, he developed tremors involving both upper limbs along with progressively increasing fatigability. Ove... | D: The gene locus which is mutated in this condition is on chromosome 9 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old G1P0 at 32 weeks gestation presents to her OB/GYN for a prenatal check-up. Her medical history is significant for type II pregestational diabetes mellitus, which has been well-controlled with diet and insulin so far throughout her pregnancy. Which of the following is the recommended future follow-up for... | E: Twice weekly nonstress test now until delivery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old Caucasian male presents to the cardiologist complaining of chest pain. He describes the pain as spontaneous and radiating to his back, ears, and neck. He denies dyspnea on exertion. The patient is referred for an upper GI barium swallow, shown in image A. Which of the following would you most expect to ... | E: Abnormal esophageal manometry |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old African American male presents to his primary care physician with complaints of persistent back pain and fatigue over 12 months. Physical examination reveals a blood pressure of 190/150 mm Hg, and laboratory tests reveal hyperlipidemia and a serum creatinine level of 3.0 mg/dL. 4.5 g of protein are excr... | D: Multiple myeloma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. He feels well. He was diagnosed with hypertension 3 months ago. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years but quit 4 years ago. He occasionally drinks alcohol on the weekends. He walks for 45 minutes daily and eats three meals per day... | D: Counsel on dietary modification |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An anxious mother brings her daughter into the clinic on her 5th birthday. She was forwarded a recent email by her aunt that stated that the pesticide-coated fruit in school lunches is the number one killer in children in the modern era. You assure her that that pesticides are not the number one killer, nor are they ... | C: Unintentional injury, malignant neoplasms, congenital anomalies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old college student is brought to the emergency department in a state of confusion. He also had one seizure approx. 45 minutes ago. He was complaining of fever and headache for the past 3 days. There was no history of nausea, vomiting, head trauma, sore throat, skin rash, or abdominal pain. Physical examina... | A: CT scan of the brain |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine physical examination. He says that he has felt well except for occasional headaches. He has no history of major medical illness. His temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), pulse is 80/min, and blood pressure is 155/90 mm Hg. An ultrasound of the kidneys shows a normal rig... | B: Abdominal bruit |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician for evaluation of worsening tingling of her feet at night for the last 6 months. Two years ago, she underwent retinal laser photocoagulation in both eyes. She admits to not adhering to her insulin regimen. Her blood pressure is 130/85 mm Hg whil... | B: Incomplete bladder emptying |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of bilateral knee pain for the past year. She reports that the pain is worse with movement and is relieved with rest. She has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patient says her mother takes leflunomide for a “joint condition.” The patient's medications include... | B: Administration of ibuprofen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman has painless abdominal distention 30 hours after an elective repeat cesarean section. She has passed stool once. She has nausea, but no vomiting. Antibiotic prophylaxis was given prior to delivery. She is ambulating without difficulty. Her temperature is 36.7℃ (98.1℉), pulse is 95/min, respiratory... | C: Intravenous fluids and electrolytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy is brought to the physician for a follow-up of a wound on his ankle. He had a pedestrian accident 3 days ago which caused a skin defect on the dorsal side of his left ankle. The lesion was cleaned, debrided, and observed over the past 3 days. He has no history of serious illness and takes no medicat... | E: Split-thickness skin graft |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after falling on her outstretched hand. Her wrist is clearly deformed by fracture and is painful to palpation. Her wrist and finger motion is limited due to pain. After treatment and discharge, her final total cost is $2500. Her insurance plan has a $300 copa... | E: $1700 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man presents seeking treatment for his baldness. He says he has noticed a bald patch in the center of his head which has increased in size over the past year. Physical examination and diagnostic tests show no evidence of an infectious cause. The patient is prescribed a drug be taken daily. After 4 month... | A: 5α reductase inhibitor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old African American man presents with nausea and severe abdominal pain. He denies vomiting. He says that, 2 days ago, his divorce was finalized, so he went to a bar and had multiple shots of tequila and vodka. This morning, upon waking, he noticed his urine was red, which lasted throughout the day. The pat... | E: Budd-Chiari syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old patient with COPD is admitted with difficulty breathing and increased sputum production. Approx. a week ago, he developed an upper respiratory tract infection. On admission, his blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg, the heart rate 92/min, the respiratory rate 24/min, the temperature 37.6°C (99.7°F), and SaO2 ... | C: Start non-invasive positive pressure ventilation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-day-old female newborn is brought to the physician because of yellowish discoloration of her eyes and body, vomiting, and poor feeding for 3 days. She has had diarrhea for the past 2 days. She was born at 38 weeks' gestation and the antenatal period was uncomplicated. She appears lethargic. Vital signs are within... | C: Stop milk feeds |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An esophageal biopsy sample from a 47-year-old male with chronic heartburn reveals intestinal metaplasia. Which of the following abnormal cell types is likely present in this patient’s esophagus:? {'A': 'Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium', 'B': 'Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium', 'C': 'Simple cu... | D: Goblet cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old woman with a history of stroke 1 year ago was found unconscious on the floor of her home by her son. The patient was brought to the emergency department by ambulance but expired prior to arrival. An autopsy was performed and showed the cause of death to be a massive ischemic stroke. The coroner also exa... | E: Cyst formed by astrocyte processes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old man with coronary artery disease and hypertension is brought to the emergency department by ambulance 90 minutes after the acute onset of substernal chest pain and dyspnea. He has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes daily for 52 years. Shortly after arriving at the hospital, he loses consciousness and is pulse... | D: Secretion of matrix metalloproteinases |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man presents to the emergency department with sudden onset of fever for the past few hours as well as pain and swelling in his right knee and left ankle. He denies any recent history of trauma or injury. The patient is otherwise a healthy, active young man. He recently recovered from a case of gastroent... | D: DIP joint swelling |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman comes to her doctor’s office with abdominal distention, diffuse abdominal pain, and a history of 10–12 bowel movements a day for the last week. She was diagnosed with Crohn’s disease 3 years ago. Today, vitals are normal. Her abdomen is mildly distended and diffusely tender to palpation. A CT scan... | C: The balance of the components in bile will be altered |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for breast pain. She states that recently she has experienced bilateral breast fullness and tenderness. She also feels that her breasts feel warm. She gave birth to an infant girl at 40 weeks gestation 2 weeks ago. She reports that her baby has been doing wel... | B: Breastfeeding |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 40 weeks' gestation, presents to the hospital with contractions spaced 2 minutes apart. Her past medical history is significant for diabetes, which she has controlled with insulin during this pregnancy. Her pregnancy has otherwise been unremarkable. A baby boy is born via a ... | B: C5 and C6 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman presents to a physician with repeated bruising, which she noticed over the last week. Some bruises developed spontaneously, while others were observed following minor trauma. The patient also mentions that she has been experiencing significant fatigue and weakness for the past 4 months and that he... | D: t(15;17)(q24;q21) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of a 2-hour history of nausea and retrosternal chest pain. She has a 15-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Her current medications include atorvastatin, metformin, and lisinopril. She is diaphoretic. Her serum troponin level is 3.0 ng/mL (N: < ... | C: V1–V6 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of an 8-month history of fatigue and profuse, watery, odorless diarrhea. He reports that he has had a 10.5-kg (23-lb) weight loss during this time. Physical examination shows conjunctival pallor and poor skin turgor. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 9.8 g... | A: Achlorhydria |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 83-year-old woman with a past medical history of poorly controlled diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and recurrent urinary tract infections is brought to the emergency room by her husband due to confusion, generalized malaise and weakness, nausea, and mild lower abdominal pain. Her medications inclu... | D: Decreased PCWP; slightly increased SaO2; increased CO; decreased SVR |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman comes to the physician because of pelvic pain and vaginal discharge that began 2 days ago. She has no history of serious medical illness and takes no medications. Her temperature is 39°C (102.2°F). Pelvic examination shows pain with movement of the cervix and mucopurulent cervical discharge. A Gra... | E: Ectopic pregnancy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with skin changes on his leg as shown in the image that manifested over the past 24 hours. He accidentally stabbed himself in the leg 4 days earlier with a knife that was in his pocket. He has a 10-year history of diabetes mellitus. His medications include metf... | C: Open surgery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a change in his behavior. The patient is brought in by his family who state that he is not acting normally and that his responses to their questions do not make sense. The patient has a past medical history of diabetes and Alzheimer dementia. His temperature... | A: Acyclovir |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents because of concerns about his behavior at school over the past year. He often leaves his seat and runs around the classroom, and has a hard time waiting for his turn. His teacher is also concerned. His behavior is a little better at home, but he frequently a... | C: Excessive talking |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents with episodic left periorbital pain that radiates to the left frontotemporal side of his head for the last 2 weeks. The episodes are severe and are usually present for 1–2 hours before bedtime. During these episodes, he has also noticed lacrimation on the left side and a runny nose. He has ... | D: 100% oxygen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A mother brings her newborn baby to the pediatrician after noting that his skin looks yellow. The patient's lactate dehydrogenase is elevated and haptoglobin is decreased. A smear of the child's blood is shown below. The patient is ultimately found to have decreased ability to process phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate.... | B: Right shift of the oxyhemoglobin curve |
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