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2,121,713,846,141 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Color confinement in Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (QCD) is a long-distance behavior whose understanding continues
to be a challenge for theoretical physics~\cite{Bander:1980mu,Greensite:2003bk}.
Lattice formulation of gauge theories allows us to investigate
the confinement phenomenon in a non-pertur... |
2,121,713,846,142 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multi-view Clustering (MVC), as one of the most important unsupervised multi-view learning tasks, has attracted increasing attention during the last few decades. The pursuit of MVC is to improve clustering performance by exploiting complementary and consensus information from multiple views. Tow... |
2,121,713,846,143 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) represents a powerful method for the
accurate computation of properties of molecules and
solids~\cite{qmc}. However, so far few attempts \cite{cep,bsa} have
been made to use DMC to calculate the static density-response
function~\cite{fetter}, which is a central quanti... |
2,121,713,846,144 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
Among all core-collapse supernovae, the particular subclass of Type
IIn supernovae shows prominent multi-component hydrogen emission lines
in their optical spectra. Type IIn supernovae have been termed also
compact supernova remnants or Seyfert 1 impostors, because of the
peculiar p... |
2,121,713,846,145 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{se-1}
The graphs considered throughout this paper are simple and connected. Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices with \emph{adjacency matrix} $A(G)=(a_{ij})$, where $a_{ij}=1$ if the vertices $i$ and $j$ are adjacent, and $a_{ij}=0$ otherwise. The \emph{characteristic polynomial} of $G$ is ... |
2,121,713,846,146 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The synthesis of new materials which can be described in terms of
spin chains or spin ladders has revived the study of quantum spin
systems in one dimension in the last few years.\cite{dagottoandothers}
These systems are known to have surprising features such as the presence
of a gap in isotropic... |
2,121,713,846,147 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Representativeness is an important concept in statistical analysis with sample data.
The main problem is that the final sample may be subject to selection bias and does not represent the target population of interest. Naive analysis ignoring the selection bias may lead to misleading results. ... |
2,121,713,846,148 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The complexity and size of available data continues to grow which in turn leads to an increasing demand for methods to \edit{interpret} these large data sets. One important task is \textit{topic modelling}, whose goal is to identify latent topics or trends within a set of data. ... |
2,121,713,846,149 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
Relativistic viscous hydrodynamics has become the workhorse of dynamical modeling of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. However, hydrodynamics does not become valid until the medium has reached a certain degree of local momentum isotropization \cite{Heinz:2015gka}. In an inhomo... |
2,121,713,846,150 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\mathcal{M}}\newcommand{\pM}{\partial\M$ be a smooth $N-$dimensional compact Riemannian manifold without
boundary and consider the functional $\Ee:H^1(\mathcal{M})\to\R$
given by
\begin{equation}\label{funcional-E}
\mathcal{E}(u)=\int_{\mathcal{M}}\{ \frac{|\nabla
u|^2}{2}-F(u)\... |
2,121,713,846,151 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Zeeman splitting of energy levels with different spin in a magnetic field is an important parameter in the growing field of spin-based quantum computation. The ability to engineer the Land\'{e} $g$-factor of carriers in semiconductor structures is an important step in spintronics in which th... |
2,121,713,846,152 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sect:introduction}
\par The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has been gaining wide use in various sectors such as environmental monitoring\cite{IoT_environmental}, health and wellness\cite{IoT_health}, vehicular networks\cite{IoT_vehicular}, smart cities\cite{IoT_smartcities}, and so on. ... |
2,121,713,846,153 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Definition of the model}
We consider the following mathematical model inspired by evolutionary biology:
\begin{enumerate}
\item
The genome of an organism is made of $L$ sites which can each be in two
states (or alleles): 0 (the wild state) or 1 (the mutant state). There are
t... |
2,121,713,846,154 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The recurrent nova and symbiotic binary RS Oph underwent a new outburst in
August 2021, following previous outbursts recorded in 1898, 1933, 1958, 1967,
1985, and 2006, with a further probable eruption in 1945 that was
partly obscured by the seasonal gap \citep{2011MNRAS.414.2195A}. According
t... |
2,121,713,846,155 | arxiv | \section{Lecture I: Strongly Coupled Gauge Theories}
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory that governs the strong interaction of quarks and gluons. It is a non-Abelian quantum field theory with (color) gauge group $SU(3)$. The fundamental degrees of freedom are gluons
$A_\mu^{k\bar k}$ $\in F \otimes \bar F$ and... |
2,121,713,846,156 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The aim of this paper is to serve as an introduction to the Maple package
{\tt IdentityFinder}, a package written to assist in the discovery of new partition identities.
It is freely available for download at:
\url{http://math.rutgers.edu/~russell2/papers/partitions14.html}.
Let us recall the... |
2,121,713,846,157 | arxiv | \section{Introducion}
It is predicted that lithium is destroyed considerably throughout the lifetime for the giants, the dilution of lithium occurs when the convective envelope circulates the surface materials to the deep regions where the temperature is high enough (about several million Kelvin) to destroy Li. Accord... |
2,121,713,846,158 | arxiv | \section{A Brief Introduction to Singularity Subtraction}\label{sec:Intro}
The reference Banach space is the set $\mathcal{X}:=C^0({[} a\,,b{]},\mathbb{R})$ of continuous functions from ${[} a\,,b{]}$ to $\mathbb{R}$, with the supremum norm. We consider the Urysohn integral operator $K$ defined by
\begin{eqnarray*}
K(... |
2,121,713,846,159 | arxiv | \subsection*{Remarks} \begin{enumerate}}{\end{enumerate}\smallskip}
\def\smallskip\noindent{\bf Proof}. {\smallskip\noindent{\bf Proof}. }
\expandafter\chardef\csname pre amssym.def at\endcsname=\the\catcode`\@
\catcode`\@=11
\def\undefine#1{\let#1\undefined}
\def\newsymbol#1#2#3#4#5{\let\next@\relax
\ifnum#2=... |
2,121,713,846,160 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Surface processes are at the center of various aging phenomena. Weathering forms a patina on earth \cite{Pineda1990,Garcia-Valles1998} and even moon minerals \cite{Wentworth1999}, as well as on various metals including copper \cite{Payer1995,Robbiola1998,Macdonald1999,Zhang2002,Sandberg2006,Soui... |
2,121,713,846,161 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Rank-one transformations have been used as a source of examples and counterexamples for the study of important dynamical properties in ergodic theory. This paper contributes to the understanding of rank-one transformations with respect to properties such as total ergodicity, trivial centralizer, ... |
2,121,713,846,162 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{H}{umans} possess a remarkable ability to parse images simply by looking at them.
In a blink of an eye, a human can fully analyze an image and separate all its components.
People can perform several tasks simultaneously by analyzing an image, {e.g}\onedot}... |
2,121,713,846,163 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
We thank Brian Humensky, Emiliano Carmona, and the anonymous referees
for their valuable comments. This work was supported in part by the
Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
\section{... section title ...}
\iffinalversion
\input{section1.tex}
\input{section2.tex}
\input{sec... |
2,121,713,846,164 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many binary merger events involving black holes have been detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo \cite{bhcat}. While a wealth of physical knowledge can and has been extracted from these experiments \cite{ligotests1,ligotests2}, ground-based interfero... |
2,121,713,846,165 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent To have Frobenius morphism makes schemes in characteristic $p$ distinct from those in characteristic 0. For a scheme in characteristic $p$ of dimension $r$, the Frobenius morphism defined on it is a finite morphism of degree $p^r$. However, if the base field is of characteristic 0, Bea... |
2,121,713,846,166 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The introduction of large arrays to $\gamma$ detection systems
for nuclear spectroscopy was primarily aimed at coping with heavy-ion induced reactions,
which may produce cascades of $\gamma$ rays containing multiple transitions.
The Darmstadt-Heidelberg Crystal Ball, compos... |
2,121,713,846,167 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) is one of the fundamental questions of our universe, which cannot be explained in the Standard Model (SM) for particle physics.
Baryogenesis is the most reasonable idea to explain BAU.
There are various scenarios for the realization of baryogenesis, such a... |
2,121,713,846,168 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The RoboCup Simulation League \cite{Kitano97} incorporates several challenging features, setting a benchmark for Artificial Intelligence (AI).
The following list includes some of the most prominent characteristics of the RoboCup 2D Simulation League:
\begin{itemize}
\item distributed client/se... |
2,121,713,846,169 | arxiv | \section*{The project and main scientific objectives}
We have used the Wise Observatory 1m telescope to monitor monthly a sample
of 163 rich (richness class $R > 0$) Abell galaxy clusters, with medium
redshift ($0.06<z<0.2$) northern declination $(\delta > 0)$ and small angular
size $(r < 20')$. We have also observed... |
2,121,713,846,170 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Whether it is a financial portfolio or engineering system, we often need to accept a certain level of risk to balance the pros and cons of spending costs in the decision-making processes under uncertainties.
This is particularly true when the uncertainty distributions have an unb... |
2,121,713,846,171 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright transient flashes of cosmic origin with durations of a few milliseconds detected at radio wavelengths. They were discovered by \citet{lorimer2007} and found to exhibit large dispersion measures (DM). These dispersions are in excess of the contribution expec... |
2,121,713,846,172 | arxiv |
\section{Acknowledgments}
\vspace{-0.3cm}
We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the
support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be
operated efficiently.
We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC,
Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaij... |
2,121,713,846,173 | arxiv | \section{Additional Adversarial Images by AdvCF}
\label{app:img}
\noindent\begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{Figures/appendices/imagenet_1.PNG}
\captionof{figure}{Successful adversarial images on ImageNet classification with their original versions.}
\label{fig:imagenet_1}... |
2,121,713,846,174 | arxiv | \section{Discussion}
|
2,121,713,846,175 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The electronic and magnetic structures of transition metal perovskites
are usually complicated due to the mutual interplay of various degrees
of freedom~\cite{Imada,Tokura,Dagotto,Fang-1}, such as lattice, spin,
charge and orbital, in the partially filled $d$ shell. The relative
competition ... |
2,121,713,846,176 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Does the event horizon area of a black hole always grow under external
perturbations ? Hawking's area theorem \cite{Hawking} would suggest
an affirmative answer whenever classical fields obeying the weak energy
condition are involved. Nevertheless, one can categorize a variety of
situations in... |
2,121,713,846,177 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Notions of positive dependence are important in many applications in statistics, as they have desirable properties in asymptotics or computations, permit simple interpretation in terms of conditional independence or correlation and appear in many real-world examples.
Applications include financi... |
2,121,713,846,178 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Degasperis-Procesi (DP) equation
\begin{equation}\label{eq: DP local}
u_t-u_{xxt}+4uu_x-3u_{x}u_{xx}-uu_{xxx}=0
\end{equation}
is a unidirectional model for shallow water waves (see \cite{degasperis1999asymptotic}) and can be reformulated as a nonlocal equation
\begin{equation}\label{eq:DP n... |
2,121,713,846,179 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\input{introduction}
\section{Simulation method}
\label{sec:method}
\input{method}
\section{Topology construction and metrics}
\label{sec:topol}
\input{topologies}
\section{Results}
\label{sec:results}
\input{results}
\section{Conclusions and further work}
\label{sec:conc}
\i... |
2,121,713,846,180 | arxiv |
\section{Broader Impacts} \label{app:ethic}
In this paper, we pre-trained a language model MVP using labeled NLG datasets. According to the research~\citep{ethic,ethic2}, PLMs tend to ``remember'' what they have ``seen'' in pre-training corpus. This could result in the reproduction of undesirable biases from pre-train... |
2,121,713,846,181 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The performance of machine translation and summarization has been approaching a near-human level in virtue of pre-trained encoder-decoder models, such as BART~\citep{lewis-etal-2020-bart} and T5~\citep{JMLR:v21:20-074}.
The same technology has been applied to dialogue systems, which are now expe... |
2,121,713,846,182 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Superradiance is the effect of self-organized collective coherent
radiation by an ensemble of radiators. The phenomenon of optical
superradiance is well known for atoms and molecules, being
described in numerous publications (see., e.g., books [1-3]).
Optical superradiance from Bose-Einstein co... |
2,121,713,846,183 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Action or event recognition and video classification for visual Internet
of Things (IoT) systems \cite{posada2015visual,redondi2012rate,redondi2013compress}, video surveillance \cite{yu2015fast},
and fast analysis of large-scale video libraries \cite{abu2016youtube} have
been a... |
2,121,713,846,184 | arxiv |
\section{Discussion\label{s:conclude}}
In this paper, we present first simulations investigating the
3-dimensional morphology created in the SN ejecta from the launch of
the explosion through the formation of a young SNR. Although the
growth of RT instabilities is well-studied in the
literature \citep[for reviews, ... |
2,121,713,846,185 | arxiv | \section*{1.\hskip.3cm Introduction}}
\vskip.3cm
In the survival, a number of continuous univariate distributions have been widely
utilized for demonstrating information in numerous areas, for example, biology,
medicine, engineering, public health, epidemiology and economics. In any case, applied areas, for example... |
2,121,713,846,186 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
This paper concerns one-dimensional quasilinear reaction-diffusion PDEs. We study
the existence of monotone heteroclinic connections of traveling-wave type for
reaction-diffusion equations with saturating and density-dependent diffusion, in presence of a convective term;
precisely,... |
2,121,713,846,187 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Image reconstruction plays a central role in many imaging modalities for medical and non-medical applications.
The majority of imaging techniques deal with incomplete data and noise, making the inverse problem of reconstruction severely ill-posed. Based on compressed sensing (CS... |
2,121,713,846,188 | arxiv | \section{i. Introduction: }
As known, quantum dots host such interesting quantum transport phenomena as
Coulomb blockade \cite{1} and Kondo effect \cite{2,3}. Fast development of
experimental technique in recent years provides broad opportunities for
fabrication of devices including novel active elements such as s... |
2,121,713,846,189 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
As a canonical case of general object detection problem, in the past decades, pedestrian detection has attracted consistent attention from computer vision community~\cite{dalal2005hog, wang2009hog, benenson2012ped, felzenszwalb2010, mathias2013, marin2013, wang2014st, nam2014loc... |
2,121,713,846,190 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The problem of whether the Universe can live forever or whether sooner or later will have to decay (i. e. to die) was considered in mathematical cosmology based on solutions to Einstein's equations practically from the very beginning.
This discussion gained a new face and intensified after th... |
2,121,713,846,191 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:introduction}
The \emph{maximal clique enumeration} (MCE) problem---the problem of enumerating all maximal cliques of a given graph---has numerous applications spanning many disciplines~\cite{augustson-1970,gardiner99,HorSko-PAMI-89}. Unlike the NP-hard maximum clique problem (MCP)... |
2,121,713,846,192 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Microstate geometries are solitonic solutions of the equations of motion of supergravity theories. Classical results from General Relativity established that this type of non-singular solutions cannot be accommodated in a four-dimensional spacetime\footnote{See for instance the early work \cite{... |
2,121,713,846,193 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Neutrinos in the standard model (SM) of particle physics are strictly massless. Neutrino oscillation requires mass-squared differences and non-zero neutrino masses, which is striking new physics beyond the SM and calls for new degrees of freedom. In the framework of the three-generation neutrino ... |
2,121,713,846,194 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The circumgalactic medium (CGM) of a galaxy is a vast multi-phase gaseous halo extending out to distances of $200$ kpc \citep[e.g.,][]{kacprzak08, kacprzak11morph, chen10b, steidel10, tumlinson11, rudie12, burchett13, magiicat1, magiicat2, werk13, johnson15}. It contains roughly... |
2,121,713,846,195 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The recent detections of gravitational waves from inspiralling binary black hole systems have made it possible to place bounds on the mass of the ``graviton''. If gravity is propagated by a massive field, then gravitational waves of long wavelength will propagate more slowly th... |
2,121,713,846,196 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Object pose estimation is a challenging problem for monocular computer vision despite being essential for many tasks such as augmented reality, object manipulation, scene understanding, autonomous driving and industrial inspection~\cite{hou2020mobilepose,Nie_2020_CVPR,patten2020dgcm}.
Learning-... |
2,121,713,846,197 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-10pt}
Currently there are many experiements attempting to measure the polarization the CMB to uprecedented precision. Many of these polarimeters currently being built, deployed, and/or operated\cite{Henderson_AdvancedAct_2016, Wu_BICEP3_2016, Suzuki_SA_2016, Benson_SPT3G_2014, Gualtie... |
2,121,713,846,198 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In 1954, Marstrand \cite{Marstrand} proved that if $Z\subset\mathbb{R}^2$ is Borel, then $\dim(Z\cdot v)=\min(\dim Z, 1)$ for a.e.~$v\in S^1$. Here and throughout, ``$\dim$'' will mean Hausdorff dimension. This was sharpened by Kaufman \cite{Kaufman} in 1968, who bounded the size of set of except... |
2,121,713,846,199 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The issue of gun control vs. gun rights is a long-standing controversy in the United States.\footnote{\url{http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/10/05/upshot/gun-ownership-partisan-divide.html}}
On the one hand, the U.S. has one of the highest rates of gun-related deaths amon... |
2,121,713,846,200 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Partial information decompositions (PIDs) provide a framework for characterizing the joint information content of three or more random variables.
The three-variable case is usually discussed in terms of how the information about a ``message'' variable, $M$, is decomposed between \emph{two} other... |
2,121,713,846,201 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Optical lattice system has gradually become a promising platform to simulate
and study a lot of quantum phenomena in condensed matter physics because
almost all parameters of the system can be well-controlled\cite{Lewe}. The
recent theoretical and experimental progress in laser-induced-gaug... |
2,121,713,846,202 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are thought to play an important role in the evolution of their host galaxy through their interaction with the interstellar medium via winds, outflows, and jets \citep[see reviews by][]{2012NewAR..56...93A, doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081811-125521}. In many galaxies, ... |
2,121,713,846,203 | arxiv | \section*{Appendix: Calculation of $\sigma(S_e)$}
As is explained in the main text,
\begin{eqnarray}
\sigma(S_e)=\frac{1}{n_s}\frac{d N_c}{d x}~,
\label{a.sigma}
\end{eqnarray}
is the cross section of inducing a lethal damage in a cell nucleus. Its calculation has been discussed in detail in Refs.~\cite{MSAColl,CellSu... |
2,121,713,846,204 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We seek to understand the statistics of urban street networks.
Such an understanding will improve urban policies in general and urban transportation in particular.
In our work here we investigate urban street networks as a whole
within the frameworks of information physics \cite{KHKnuth2011}
and... |
2,121,713,846,205 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The first multi-messenger detection of a neutron star merger
\citep{Abbott2017c} has brought major leaps forwards for many areas
of (astro)physics. For example, the 1.7s delay between the
gravitational wave (GW) peak and the gamma-rays from an event
detected by the Fermi satellite \citep{Goldst... |
2,121,713,846,206 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Vector quantization has established itself as a default approach to scale applications such as visual recognition and image retrieval. Quantization is usually performed on large datasets of local descriptors (\eg, SIFT~\cite{sift}), or global representations (\eg, VLAD~\cite{vlad} or Fisher vecto... |
2,121,713,846,207 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:1}
The Standard Model (SM) is now essentially complete after CMS~\cite{Chatrchyan:2012ufa} and
ATLAS~\cite{:2012gk} found its last missing bit, lone neutral scalar of the model, the Higgs boson.
The SM is so far extremely successful in explaining the fundamental particles and the in... |
2,121,713,846,208 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The first measurement that relates semileptonic and hadronic decay rates of the
$B_c^+$ meson was performed by the LHCb Collaboration~\cite{Aaij:2014jxa}.
The measured value of the ratio of branching fractions,
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{R_{\pi^{+}/ \mu^{+} \nu}}=
\frac { \ma... |
2,121,713,846,209 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signal has received renewed interests for long-haul lightwave transmissions \cite{gnauck02, zhu03, rasmussen03, cai04, charlet04a, xu04, gnauck05, ho05}.
Compared with conventional on-off keying, DPSK signal provides 3-dB improvement in receiver s... |
2,121,713,846,210 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
The authors are grateful to Victor Reiner for the idea of replacing the original graph with a multi-graph $M$, which allowed to shorten the paper dramatically.
|
2,121,713,846,211 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusion}
\vspace*{-5pt}
We have evaluated old and new unsupervised neural acoustic word embedding methods for the truly unsupervised case where no word labels or boundaries are known.
We showed that the encoder-decoder correspondence autoencoder (\system{EncDec-CAE}) outperforms other approaches in two la... |
2,121,713,846,212 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Massive stars may display various spectral peculiarities, which is expressed by specific letters being appended to their spectral types. The Be category was introduced to gather stars presenting Balmer hydrogen lines in emission. This emission is now understood as arising in a circumstellar decre... |
2,121,713,846,213 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The finite element methods (FEM) are arguably one of the most important
numerical tools for solving partial differential equations (PDE) over
complex domains in engineering. They account for an overwhelming majority
of the commercial and research code for modeling and simulations,
and there is a... |
2,121,713,846,214 | arxiv | \section{Notes on the Ambiguous sample}
\label{appendix}
The debiased classification published in Table 2 of the GZ1 data release provides a debiased likelihood of a galaxy being a spiral or an elliptical and a morphology flag \citet{lintott2011}, using a binary classification (0=false,1=true) that represents a final c... |
2,121,713,846,215 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
In the analysis of evolution PDE's which possess a gauge invariance, one may look for particular solutions - \textit{bound-states} - of the form $e^{i\omega t}\phi(x)$. For example, in the case of the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation on a bounded domain $\Omega$
\begin{eq... |
2,121,713,846,216 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $f\colon M\to M$ be a diffeomorphism of a compact smooth manifold. Among the invariant probability measures for the system, thermodynamic formalism identifies distinguished measures called \emph{equilibrium states}; these are measures that maximize the quantity $h_\mu(f) + \int \varphi\,d\... |
2,121,713,846,217 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In 1992, Braaten, Narison and Pich,\cite{BNP} and later on Le Diberder and Pich,\cite{oldstrategy} culminated a series of previous investigations\cite{Shankar}$^{-}$\cite{Braaten88} on the hadronic decay of the $\tau$ lepton with an analysis which revealed that this decay is a very interestin... |
2,121,713,846,218 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
I first got interested in Bell's theorem \cite{bell1964einstein}, many years ago, on account of the following question: if we employed humans to switch the measurement settings at the two ends of the experiment, might we then expect Bell's inequalities to be satisfied and Quantum Theory to be ... |
2,121,713,846,219 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Obtaining a theory of Quantum Gravity (QG) is still an unsolved problem in modern physics \cite{carlip01,kiefer05}. The objective one has in mind when making this statement is obtaining a theory of gravity which is valid at all scales. Since gravity is a rather weak force, its quantum effects ar... |
2,121,713,846,220 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{sec:intro}}
With over a decade of research and technological advancements, ad hoc networking has evolved into a mature and promising technique for future communication systems \cite{frodigh2000wireless}. Some of the advantages of ad hoc networks include increased coverage through multihop ... |
2,121,713,846,221 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section int} The project Gauss-Manin connection in
disguise started in the articles \cite{ho22, HosseinMurad} and the book \cite{GMCD-MQCY3} aims to unify modular and
automorphic forms with topological string partition functions of string
theory. The first group has a vast amount ... |
2,121,713,846,222 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider a general branching model, where particles have i.i.d. (not necessarily exponential) life lengths and give birth at constant rate $b$ during their lives to independent copies of themselves. The genealogical tree thus produced is called \emph{splitting tree} \cite{Geiger1996,Geiger19... |
2,121,713,846,223 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Homoclinic intersections in dynamical systems}
In his (corrected) prize essay~\cite{poincare1}, H. Poincar\'e was the first to imagine around 1890 the existence of ``doubly asymptotic solutions",
that are now called \emph{transverse homoclinic intersections}: for a diffeomorphism,
the... |
2,121,713,846,224 | arxiv | \section{The better-than-nice metric}
Consider the metric
\[
g=\frac{4}{1-r^2}(dx^2 +dy^2)
\]
in the unit disk. Here $r^2=x^2+y^2$ as usual. Everything of interest can be computed explicitly, and with surprising results.
\subsection{Hypocycloids in the disk}
Consider the curve
\[
c(t) = (1-a)e^{i\theta(t)} +a... |
2,121,713,846,225 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The Incompressible Porous Media (IPM) system in two space dimensions is an active scalar equation
\begin{equation}\label{eq:IPMsystem}
\begin{cases}
\partial_t \eta + \textbf{u} \cdot \nabla \eta=0,\\
\textbf{u}=- \kappa \nabla P + \textbf{g}\eta, \qquad \textbf{... |
2,121,713,846,226 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nanotechnology has become the cornerstone of contemporary science for its role in the discovery of new materials with unprecedented chemical properties and unconventional physical phenomena. Typically these stellar properties are optimised and refined through manipulation of matter at an atomic ... |
2,121,713,846,227 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the paper \cite{Chr99}, Christodoulou proved both the \emph{weak cosmic censorship conjecture} and the \emph{strong cosmic censorship conjecture} for spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein equations coupled with a massless scalar field. The coupled system reads
\begin{align*}
\mathbf... |
2,121,713,846,228 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is now well established that the observed properties of galaxies are correlated with their host environment. In the local Universe, the environmental dependence of galaxy morphology and star formation rate (SFR) confirms that early-type passive galaxies often reside in dense environments, suc... |
2,121,713,846,229 | arxiv | \subsubsection*{Detectability, not habitability}
The term `habitable' is generally understood to refer to an environment that could support any form of life. In practice, this definition is unhelpful since extraterrestrial life is only scientifically valuable if it can be detected. This restricts us to biological acti... |
2,121,713,846,230 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Approximate stationarity conditions, claiming that, along a convergent sequence, a classical
stationarity condition (like a multiplier rule) holds up to a tolerance which tends to zero,
have proved
to be a powerful tool in mathematical optimization throughout the last dec... |
2,121,713,846,231 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
BiHom-algebraic structures were introduced in the first time in 2015 by G. Graziani, A. Makhlouf, C. Menini and F. Panaite
in \cite{GACF} from a categorical approach as an extension of the class of Hom-algebras.
Since then, other interesting BiHom-type algebraic structures of many Hom-algeb... |
2,121,713,846,232 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Systems in which individual photons can interact strongly with each other constitute an exciting frontier for the fields of quantum and nonlinear optics \cite{NLO14}. Such systems enable the generation and manipulation of non-classical light, which are crucial ingredients for quantum information ... |
2,121,713,846,233 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Understanding quantum phase transitions (QPTs) is a relevant fact in quantum many
body problems \cite{sachdev}. QPTs usually occur in a system described by a
Hamiltonian of the form $H=H_0+\lambda H_1$, with $H_0$ exactly solvable, $H_1$ an interaction term and $\lambda$
the corresponding... |
2,121,713,846,234 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Remote sensing the megakelvin solar corona is difficult as the corona is primarily optically thin and the responsiveness of available diagnostics, especially for the magnetic field dominating its evolution, is limited. This impedes our ability to answer fundamental questions regarding how stella... |
2,121,713,846,235 | arxiv | \section{Symplectic rational ball fillings of lens spaces}\label{a:lens}
In this section, we prove two results on rational homology ball fillings of lens spaces. The first has recently appeared in independent work of Fossati~\cite[Theorem 4]{Fossati}.
\begin{prop}\label{p:QHBimpliesSTD}
If a lens space $(L(p,q),\xi)... |
2,121,713,846,236 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The metallic heterointerface between two insulating oxides~ \cite{ohtomo2004},
namely, polar $ {\rm LaAlO_3} $ (LAO) and non-polar $ {\rm SrTiO_3} $ (STO)
is continuously attracting high interest (see, for example, the recent reviews
\cite{bristowe2014,gariglio2015}). The
metallic condu... |
2,121,713,846,237 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\mathcal{A}$ be an arrangement of hyperplanes in $\mathbf{C}
^{\ell }$. Thus $\mathcal{A}$ is a finite non-empty collection $
\left\{ H_{1},\ldots ,H_{n}\right\} $ where $H_{i}=\alpha _{i}^{-1}(b_i)$ with $b_i \in \mathbf{C}$ and
each $\alpha _{i}$ is a linear homogeneous form in the variab... |
2,121,713,846,238 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the characteristic features of brane world models, in
particular, of the Randall-Sundrum (RS) model
\cite{Randall:1999ee} with a stabilization of the extra space
dimension \cite{Goldberger:1999un, wolfe}, is the existence of the
radion \cite{Goldberger:1999un, Csaki:1999mp, Charmousis:199... |
2,121,713,846,239 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Experimental measurements of the reaction $n+p \to d+ \pi\pi$
at neutron momenta of 1.88 GeV/c \cite{plouin78}
show a typical cross section structure known as the ABC--effect \cite{abashian63}.
The main features of this effect can be explained by assuming
a double $\Delta(1232)$ excitation to b... |
2,121,713,846,240 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The efficacy of quantum heat engines(QHE) at the nanoscale has been made more than obvious in the past half decade \cite{bauer-rev}. From being useful in schemes for removal of excess heat in nanosystems to novel nano heat engines which produce huge amounts of power they have been one of the most... |
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