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2,121,713,846,741
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} {\bf Acknowledgements.} This work was supported in part by the Humboldt Foundation under Humboldt Professorship Award and ERC Advanced Grant 339169 "Selfcompletion".
2,121,713,846,742
arxiv
\subsection*{Abstract} \noindent Game theory provides a quantitative framework for analyzing the behavior of rational agents. The Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma in particular has become a standard model for studying cooperation and cheating, with cooperation often emerging as a robust outcome in evolving populations \cit...
2,121,713,846,743
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Network data capture information on relations between actors. The various types of links between actors in the network encompass stable ties associated with some duration. For example, in political science, military alliance agreements are active for a certain number of years \citep{Cranmer...
2,121,713,846,744
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Introduction} Concepts from information theory are generally applicable to all forms of communication, including that between computers and their users. For example, arithmetic coding has been particularly fruitful in inspiring \textit{Dasher}, an information-efficient data entry device bas...
2,121,713,846,745
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section1} \setcounter{equation}{0} Classical function theory studies analytic functions and conformal maps defined in subdomains of the complex plane $\mathbb{C}\,.$ Most commonly, the domain of definition of the functions is the unit disk $\mathbb{D}=\{z \in \mathbb{C} \,|\, |z|<1\}...
2,121,713,846,746
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Physicists have recently shown that network analysis is a powerful tool to study the statistical properties of complex biological, technological and social systems of diverse kinds\cite{str,albert,newmanrev}. Many networks exhibit a scale-free degree distribution in w...
2,121,713,846,747
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Coherent X-ray Imaging techniques have been intensely developed during the last 20 years thanks to the wide availability of synchrotron sources with high brilliance. This covers a wide range of techniques, beginning with phase contrast imaging \cite{cloetens_phase_1996, nugent_quantitative_1996,...
2,121,713,846,748
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We consider the distributed stochastic multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem, where a global arm set $\mathcal{A} = [K]$ can be accessed by $M$ players independently. Each arm $a\in\mathcal{A}$ is associated with an unknown yet fixed probability distribution $\nu_a$ that belongs to a known family $\P...
2,121,713,846,749
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Intro} Already in the first edition of this book~\cite{Barone1982}, a great number of interesting and important applications for Josephson junctions were discussed. In the decades that have passed since then, several new applications have emerged. This chapter treats one such new clas...
2,121,713,846,750
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The kagom\'e lattice, from its humble origin in the hands of fishermen, now sits at the forefront of the search for exotic quantum phases of matter such as quantum spin liquids \cite{balents2010, savary2016}. Compelling numerical evidence shows that, on this lattice, eve...
2,121,713,846,751
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Mirror symmetry was discovered within string theory identifying the complex geometry of a family of Calabi-Yau (CY) threefolds with the symplectic geometry of a mirror family of CY threefolds. This identification was formulated mathematically as an isomorphism of variations of Hodge structure ...
2,121,713,846,752
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s.intro} Ideal classical fluids possess a number of conserved quantities such as energy, momentum, angular momentum and kinetic helicity. Of these, only energy and kinetic helicity correspond to quadratic invariants in the system. First identified as an invariant for ideal classical fluids...
2,121,713,846,753
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Great progress in the understanding of physical properties of galaxies has been achieved with Mid-Infrared (MIR) and Far Infrared (FIR) observations using the ISO satellite (Kessler et al., 1996) and its ISOCAM camera (Cesarsky et al., 1996). Deep optical surveys, such as the Hubble Deep Field ...
2,121,713,846,754
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The global transition process towards more sustainable and low-carbon energy systems requires the development of alternative future trajectories for thorough scientific discussion. Using these, decision processes on different levels e.g. in transnational policy making or local energy planning c...
2,121,713,846,755
arxiv
\section{Outline of the problem} The Baire Category Theorem has multiple applications not only in topology but also in other branches of mathematics. This gives motivation to try to generalize it in multiple ways, one of which would be to consider it for uncountable families of nowhere dense sets. Such generalizatio...
2,121,713,846,756
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In studying functions of a complex variable, a natural problem is to determine the locations of the zeros of the functions. There are a number of recent interesting results on the zeros of modular forms. For instance, the zeros of Hecke eigenforms of integer weight $k$ become equidistributed in...
2,121,713,846,757
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{section1} The method of enhancing the accuracy of the sample mean as an approximation of the population means, McIntyre (1952) proposed ranked set sampling (RSS). The RSS process involves selecting $n$ sets of units, each of size $n$, at random from a population. The units in each set ar...
2,121,713,846,758
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has emerged as a competitive solution to address blockage issues and extend the coverage in millimeter wave (mmWave) and Terahertz (THz) communications \cite{ZhangBjornson20,TanSun18,WangFang19,StefanRenzo19}. To reap the gain brought by the large number of pa...
2,121,713,846,759
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:ntroduction} Mechanical tissue properties, tissue structures, and the spatial arrangement of properties and structures are useful in disease diagnosis in various organs, including the kidneys \cite{linAssociationRenalElasticity2017,singhRenalCorticalElastography2017}, thyroid, muscle,...
2,121,713,846,760
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} Studying the stellar content of galaxies is crucial to understand their star formation histories (SFH), what in turn provides us with valuable information on the possible evolutive paths since their formation at high redshift down to the present time. Despite the large ef...
2,121,713,846,761
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved substantial successes in solving real-time competitive games~\cite{openai2019dota4backup}, robotic manipulation~\cite{andrychowicz2020learning}, autonomous traffic control~\cite{palanisamy2020multi}, and quantitative trading strategies~\cit...
2,121,713,846,762
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Background} This paper studies the problem of communicating the state of a dynamical system via a Shannon Gaussian channel. The receiver, which acts as both a decoder and estimator, observes the noisy measurement of the channel output and makes an optimal estimate of the state of the ...
2,121,713,846,763
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we address the question of whether the natural $2$-categorical analogue to the $1$-categorical result giving a correspondence between limits and terminal objects in a slice category of cones, holds. \subsection{Motivation, the \texorpdfstring{$1$}{1}-dimensional case and the case ...
2,121,713,846,764
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Filament activities have been extensively studied in solar physics. It is widely accepted that the magnetic field surrounding the filaments plays a key role in their formation, structure, and stability \citep{tang87,tand95,mart98}, and the filament eruptions are intimately associated with solar ...
2,121,713,846,765
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{T}{his} paper focuses on the WiFi standard IEEE 802.11ax and its features related to spatial reuse. Among the various features being proposed in WiFi6, one of them is the OBSS-PD mechanism. In dense environments, if there are overlapping BSSs using the same channels, the traffic bel...
2,121,713,846,766
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Magnetic fields of nearby galaxies demonstrate several magnetic configurations and related configurations of polarized radio emission including a ``ring'' of polarized emission in M\,31, M\,33 \citep{tabatabaei08} and magnetic arms in NGC\,6946 \citep{beck05a}. A particular magnetic configuratio...
2,121,713,846,767
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Radio quiet Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are a sub-class of AGNs that lack the radio jet emission. The AGNs are powered by accretion of material onto the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) through the accretion disk \citep{1963Natur.197..533H,1969Natur.223..690L}. These objects are found to...
2,121,713,846,768
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} Let $X$ be a smooth complex projective variety and let $L$ be a line bundle on $X$. The Seshadri criterion \cite[Theorem 7.1]{Har70} for ampleness says that $L$ is ample if and only if there exists a real number $\varepsilon > 0$ such that $L\cdot C \ge \varepsilon \cdot {\rm mult}_...
2,121,713,846,769
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A comprehension of the nature of the scalar mesons is very important for some major topics in particle physics such as the QCD vacuum. However, both parameters of the scalar mesons, obtained from experimental data in various analyses, and even the status of some of them, are still quite am...
2,121,713,846,770
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Human interaction recognition plays a significant role in a wide range of applications ~\cite{AggarwalRyoo11csur,dcf86615e06947bcb3f2c3eccb615857,zhang2012spatio,vahdat2011discriminative}. For example, it can be used in visual surveillance to detect dangerous events such as ``kicking'' and ``p...
2,121,713,846,771
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The problem of two--particle mutual interactions in physics is very old. The traditional way to solve it is to consider it in the {\em center-of-mass system} (c.m.s.) of reference~\cite{Newton}. After a simple substitution of variables and excluding the motion of the system as a whole, one...
2,121,713,846,772
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} In this paper, $V$ is a fixed complex vector space of dimension 4. Let $\{x, y, z, w\}$ be a basis of $V^{*}$. In $\mathbb{P}^{3} = \mathbb{P}(V)$, $Q = Z(xy-zw)$ is a smooth quadric surface. Let $Gr(2, 4)$ be the space of lines in $\mathbb{P}(V)$. The aim of this paper is to u...
2,121,713,846,773
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} Transition metal complexes offer a rich photochemistry that can be utilized in applications from solar energy conversion to medicine.\cite{Evans2013AP} This is possible due to the large variety of electronic states of distinct nature that transition metal complexes have to...
2,121,713,846,774
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec1} Caching techniques help to reduce data transmissions during the times of high network congestion by prefetching parts of popularly demanded contents into the memories of end users. The seminal work of \cite{MaN} provided a coded delivery scheme which performed within a constant fact...
2,121,713,846,775
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Blazars, a sub-category of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), are characterized by broadband non-thermal emission and violent variability on time scales from a fraction of an hour to a few days with strong spectral evolution. This behavior is best described as their emission arising from Doppler...
2,121,713,846,776
arxiv
\section{Introduction.} In most of the works so far, dedicated to the study of beam plasma properties the effect of interparticle collisions has been neglected. In many important cases this is a sensible approximation giving satisfactory results, yet one has to elucidate the limits of validity of ''collisionless beam'...
2,121,713,846,777
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The CNES CoRoT satellite has been orbiting the Earth at an altitude of 896 km, in a polar orbit, since late December 2006. Its scientific goals are divided into two themes: asteroseismology and the detection of transiting exoplanets. Apart from the 5-month long observation runs dedicated to the m...
2,121,713,846,778
arxiv
\section{Introduction: the Zernike operator} \label{sec:one} In Reference \cite[p.\ 700]{Zernike34}, Frits Zernike proposed a two-dimensional differential equation whose polynomial solutions provide an orthogonal basis for functions $f\of{\bf r}$ in a Hilbert space ${\cal L}^2_\ssr{Z}({\cal D}_1)$ over the unit di...
2,121,713,846,779
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \textit{Throughout the paper, unless otherwise specified $\mathfrak{g}$ is a Kac--Moody algebra over $\mathbb{C}$ with triangular decomposition $\mathfrak{n}^- \oplus \mathfrak{h} \oplus \mathfrak{n}^+$ and Weyl group $W$, and $V$ is a $\mathfrak{g}$-module of highest weight $\lambda \in \mathfr...
2,121,713,846,780
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Nonlinear optical (NLO) absorption coefficients, key sample parameters for applications such as optical limiting, saturable optical absorbers, and photothermal cancer therapy, are traditionally obtained from Z-scan optical transmission based measurements\cite{Sheik} or, where possible, through l...
2,121,713,846,781
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Motivation} The negativity of the Topological Charge Density Correlator (TCDC) for non-zero distances as a consequence of the reflection positivity and the pseudoscalar nature of the relevant local operator in Euclidean field theory is well-known \cite{es,seiler}. The non-trivial implica...
2,121,713,846,782
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} This paper reports on a study of W boson polarisations and measurements of Triple Gauge Couplings (TGC's) in the reaction $e^+ e^- \rightarrow W^+ W^-$, using data taken by the DELPHI experiment at LEP at centre-of-mass energies between 189 and 209 GeV. The amplitude of...
2,121,713,846,783
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{section:intro} \subsection{Overview}\label{section:overview} Suppose that $\bar{\rho}:G_\mathbb{Q} \rightarrow \mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{F})$ is an absolutely irreducible Galois representation, where $\mathbb{F}$ is a finite field of characteristic $p$. If $\bar{\rho}$ is modular, then we can...
2,121,713,846,784
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the longstanding questions of elementary particle physics is whether nature makes use of the Higgs mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking to endow the particles with their masses. The Higgs boson, $H$, is the missing link sought to verify this theoretical concept in the Standard Model...
2,121,713,846,785
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec-pb} Let $\Omega$ be an open bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^d$ ($d \ge 1$), $0<T<+\infty$. Let $\varphi$ be a Lipschitz continuous function from $\mathbb{R}$ to $\mathbb{R}$. We assume that $\varphi$ is a nondecreasing function (but $\varphi$ is not necessarily increasing, it can be co...
2,121,713,846,786
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Polaron manifestations in the optical response of polar crystals, such as complex oxides and high-$T_{c}$ superconductors are the subject of intense investigations \cite{Lupi1999,calva0,calva1b,QQ4,zhang,Homes1997}. Several features in the infrared optical absorption spectra of cuprates hav...
2,121,713,846,787
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The conventional way of formulating an inverse problem of recovering some quantity $x$ in a model \begin{equation}\label{Axu} A(x,u)=0 \end{equation} from (indirect) observations of the state $u$ \begin{equation}\label{Cuy} C(u)=y \end{equation} is via an operator equation \begin{equation}\label...
2,121,713,846,788
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Introduction} First-order phase transitions are accompanied by hysteresis and metastability: even though the thermodynamic transition happens at the value $\varphi_t$ of the control variable $\varphi$, when $\varphi$ is varied smoothly from $\varphi_i>\varphi_t$ to $\varphi_f<\varphi_t$, ...
2,121,713,846,789
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Intro} Let $G$ be a nontrivial graph. The {\em connectivity} of $G$, denoted by $\kappa(G)$, is the smallest number of vertices whose removal disconnects $G$ or produces a trivial graph. The {\em edge-connectivity} of $G$, denoted by $\lambda(G)$, is the smallest number of edges whose re...
2,121,713,846,790
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction} Baroclinic instability is a generic flow instability that occurs in rotating, stably-stratified fluids subject to a meridional (northward) temperature gradient. Examples of such a fluid are planetary atmospheres and oceans. The temperature gradient induces a vertical (altit...
2,121,713,846,791
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Suppose $\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$, where $n \geq 2$, is a nonempty open set (possibly the whole space), $\omega$ is a locally finite (positive) Borel measure on $\Omega$, and $\alpha \in (0, 2)$. We consider the problems: \begin{equation}\label{u0equation} \left\{ \begin{aligned} (-\t...
2,121,713,846,792
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{A}{}ccording to the Moore's law, the number of transistors in an integrated circuit is doubling approximately every two years. In the FPGA design flow, the routing of nets (which are a collection of two or more interconnected components) is one of the most time consuming step. Hence...
2,121,713,846,793
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Building a library of concurrent data structures is an essential way to simplify the difficult task of developing concurrent software. There are many lock-based data structures, but locks are not fault-tolerant and are susceptible to problems such as deadlock \cite{Fra07}. It is often prefera...
2,121,713,846,794
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Optical pumping is a well known phenomenon, which is usually associated with redistribution of population within hyperfine (HF) components or Zeeman sublevels of the ground state due to coupling by resonant light fields \cite{Happer}. Optical pumping is being exploited in various applications, l...
2,121,713,846,795
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, a robust tracking control scheme is designed for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. The design is composed of two steps. In the first step a linearized uncertainty model for the uncertain nonlinear system is developed using a robust feedback linearization approach. The feed...
2,121,713,846,796
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} With the discovery of the Higgs boson at the CERN LHC~\cite{Aad:2012tfa,Chatrchyan:2012ufa}, the standard model (SM) became a great success. The high energy and luminosity of the LHC provides the opportunity to observe many processes that are predicted by the SM, including el...
2,121,713,846,797
arxiv
\section{Motivation} In order to access smallest structures, the quest for high energies is mandatory. It is commonly believed that corresponding accelerator sites need to be large, and that even cosmic rays with $10^{20}$~eV are accelerated by electromagnetic interactions in giant cosmic structures. If, instead, ...
2,121,713,846,798
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In curved space-time, the conservation law for the total angular momentum of fermions represented by the Dirac equation requires an asymmetric affine connection. Because metric general relativity has constraints on the symmetry of the connection, the ECSK theory of gravity correspondingly fixe...
2,121,713,846,799
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Uncertainty is ubiquitous in real-world complex systems, including financial markets~\cite{DA-MG-GG-SK:14}, human-robot mixed systems~\cite{ST-WB-DF:05,ND-BM:12,BDL-MK-JPH:10} or transportation networks~\cite{AN-ELG-VD:02,AG-YG-TL-KJH-FB:13,DL-DF-SM:19-ecc}. Thanks to new advances in computation,...
2,121,713,846,800
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{R}{ecent} studies of applying reinforcement learning or deep reinforcement learning algorithms to complex, i.e., highly nonlinear and high-dimensional, dynamical systems have demonstrated attractive achievements in various control tasks, e.g., humanoid control~\cite{peng2017deeploco...
2,121,713,846,801
arxiv
\section{Introduction} {\em ``Measure what can be measured''}, this quote often attributed to Galileo Galilei, has become a paradigm for scientific discovery that seems to be more dominant nowadays than ever before\footnote{The full quote says {\em ``Measure what can be measured and make measurable what cannot be ...
2,121,713,846,802
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Spectral graph theory is a well-known devolved area of research in mathematics where one of the interests is to investigate the relationship between the spectrum of different matrices representing graphs with their structure. We also propose various graph operations, for example, graph joining, e...
2,121,713,846,803
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In quantum mechanics, the entanglement of the quantum states of particles implies that a measurement performed on one of the particles affects the state of the entangled particle, even when they are located at large distances. At first glance, this implies that information would have to travel ...
2,121,713,846,804
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Given a self-map $f:X\rightarrow X$, one of the most fundamental problems in algebraic topology is to find the condition for the map being a homotopy equivalence. The standard answer is the J.H.C. Whitehead's first theorem, saying that if a map induces isomorphisms in homotopy groups in all dim...
2,121,713,846,805
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Nanomechanical vibrational systems provide a natural platform for studying a broad range of classical and quantum phenomena in a well characterized setting, cf. Refs. \cite{Cattiaux2021,Siskins2021,Tepsic2021,Keskekler2021,Ari2020,MacCabe2020} for recent examples. An important advantageous featu...
2,121,713,846,806
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The theory of supercharacters, which generalizes classical character theory, was recently introduced in an axiomatic fashion by P.~Diaconis and I.M.~Isaacs \cite{Diaconis-Isaacs}, extending the seminal work of C.~Andr\'e \cite{An95, An01, An02}. Recent work has shown that the study of supe...
2,121,713,846,807
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} When averaged over hundreds of rotational periods, pulsars typically show stable integrated pulse profiles over timescales of years to decades \citep{Hel75,Liu12}. The stability of the integrated pulsar emission is key to using pulsars as `astrophysical clocks' in timing...
2,121,713,846,808
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \section{Introduction} Parametric resonance (PR) is a well-known instability phenomenon which occurs in systems whose parameters vary in a periodic fashion. A classical example is a pendulum whose length changes harmonically with time. Depending on the system parameters, the pendulum may be unsta...
2,121,713,846,809
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the new predicted observables in nuclear collisions at RHIC energies $(\surd s \sim 200$ AGeV) is jet quenching~\cite{BJ}-\cite{MGXW92}. While collisional energy loss of a hard jet propagating through quark-gluon plasma has been estimated to be modest~\cite{BJ,THOMA}\/: $dE_{coll}/dx \l...
2,121,713,846,810
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:1} \setcounter{equation}{0} Collective behaviors often appear in large population systems for weakly coupled oscillators or interacting units \cite{B-B, C-S, D-M-T-H} in diverse scientific disciplines including biology, social sciences, engineering with various space and time scales,...
2,121,713,846,811
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Sec:Intro} The emission of electromagnetic radiation from cosmic plasmas, as a consequence of electron-ion collision processes, reveals information about physical parameters of the plasma such as chemical composition, pressure, electronic or ionic temperature, and density. However, the ...
2,121,713,846,812
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A central issue in cognitive science is the nature of the mental mapping between language and the world. One oft-studied question is how and why languages vary in the way they use words to partition semantic space (e.g., \citeNP{berlin69,levinson03}). Polysemy---the use of a single word form to...
2,121,713,846,813
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Swarming behavior, which we define as the emergence of spatio-temporal group behaviors from simple local interactions between pairs of agents, is widespread and observed over a range of application domains. Examples can be found in biological systems over a range of length scales, from aggrega...
2,121,713,846,814
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Chimbuko framework captures, analyzes, and visualizes performance metrics for complex scientific workflows at scale. Meanwhile, the TAU performance analysis tool is used to capture trace and profile performance data, and provenance of the underlying architecture's specification and execution ...
2,121,713,846,815
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sect:intro} In the past decade, much attention has been devoted to a class of hybrid systems, namely, regime-switching diffusions. Roughly, such processes can be considered as a two component process $(X(t),\Lambda(t))$, an analog (or continuous state) component $X(t)$ and a switching (or...
2,121,713,846,816
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The basic object of our investigation is a branching particle system. It consists of particles evolving independently in $\mathbb{R}^d$ according to a spherically symmetric $\alpha$-stable Lévy process (called standard $\alpha$-stable process), $0<\alpha\leq 2$. The system starts off at time $0$ ...
2,121,713,846,817
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the non-perturbative nature of non-abelian gauge theories in three and four dimensions stems the complexity of the confinement phenomenon. On the contrary confinement shows up as an outgrowth of one dimensional space kinematics in 2D non-abelian gauge theories. This is not a striking fact if...
2,121,713,846,818
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \setcounter{equation}{0} We are concerned with the vanishing dissipation limit of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations describing the motion of compressible, viscous and heat-conducting flows: \begin{equation} \label{NS} \begin{cases} \displaystyle \rho_t + \div(\rho \mbox{\bol...
2,121,713,846,819
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently, quantum correlations\cite{HHHHRMP, discord-rmp} have been employed beyond its traditional ambit of quantum computation and information, and used as tools in quantum many-body physics\cite{ADUSadv, FazioRMP, discord-rmp}. Detecting phases of many-body systems is an important task wi...
2,121,713,846,820
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction} The study of the collective motion that emerges from short-range interactions in systems of self-propelled particles (SPPs) is of great interest nowadays due to potential applications in physics, engineering, and biology \cite{top04,par99,cou05}. In nature, the formation of bird ...
2,121,713,846,821
arxiv
\section{Introduction} For any probability space $(\Omega, \mathcal F, \mathbb P)$ and any event $A \in \mathcal F$, the strong law of large numbers guarantees the existence of a sequence $x_1, x_2, \ldots$ from $X$ such that \begin{equation*}\tag{$*$}\lim_{n \longrightarrow \infty}\frac 1 n \sum_{i=1}^n [x_i \in A] =...
2,121,713,846,822
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Sensing and communication capabilities are increasingly available in many technical systems, allowing interconnected systems to measure information locally and share it with other agents to optimize a common global objective. In the case of manufacturing systems, for instance, multiple machines ...
2,121,713,846,823
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In three-dimensional turbulent hydrodynamic systems, the kinetic energy cascades to ever smaller scales through the self-similar break-up of eddies in smaller ones, which successively are subject to this self-similar process. As such, turbulence continuously tran...
2,121,713,846,824
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sect-IV-1} Following our series of works \cite{amuxy4-2,amuxy4-3}, extending results from \cite{amuxy3b,amuxy3}, this Part III is concerned with qualitative properties associated with solutions to the Cauchy problem for the inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation \begin{equation}\label{IV-1...
2,121,713,846,825
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Ensemble learning methods combine multiple learning algorithms to achieve better learning performance than that from individual learning algorithms. The success of ensemble methods, in part, can be attributed to the diversity among the constituent members, which helps mitigate...
2,121,713,846,826
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Sofic groups, introduced by Gromov \cite{GromovSofic} and developed by Weiss \cite{WeissSofic}, are a large class of groups that can be approximated, in some sense, by finite groups. We consider sofic groups, as well as several other classes of groups which can be similarly defined by metr...
2,121,713,846,827
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:conclusion} \vspace{-2mm} We propose MTZ\xspace, a framework to automatically merge multiple correlated, well-trained deep neural networks for cross-model compression via neuron sharing. It selectively shares neurons and optimally updates their incoming weights on a layer basis to...
2,121,713,846,828
arxiv
\section{Experimental setup} \subsection{Spontaneous parametric downconversion source} The photon pair source is based on a $2 \ \mathrm{cm}$ long Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) crystal, phase-matched for degenerate collinear type-II downconversion from $532 \ \mathrm{nm}$ to $1064 \ \mathrm{nm}$ and pumped with $\...
2,121,713,846,829
arxiv
\subsection{Remarks on the proof} The proof is based on the explicit formula for the Bergman kernels of a positive toric Hermitian line bundle over a toric Kaehler manifold $M^m$ of dimension $m$. As is well known, there exists a moment map $\mu: M \to P$ for the torus action which maps $M$ to a convex Delzant polyt...
2,121,713,846,830
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In \cite{IMM5} Italiano--Martelli--Migliorini construct the first examples of hyperbolic groups containing non-hy\-per\-bol\-ic subgroups of finite type. This answered a well known question which had been open for many years (see \cite[Questions 1.1]{bestvina:problems2004}, \cite[Question 7.2]{b...
2,121,713,846,831
arxiv
\section*{\Large{Supplemental Material}} In the supplemental material we first provide field theoretic arguments to justify our claims regarding the universality class of the localization transition. We then describe in detail the parameters used in the numerical study, present the typical DOS for axial and potential d...
2,121,713,846,832
arxiv
\section{Introduction} From the discovery of the first Fast Radio Burst \citep{L07}, it has been noticed that there is a deficiency of weaker bursts compared to the number $N \propto S^{-3/2}$ expected in a Euclidean Universe. In order to have a reasonably homogeneous statistical sample we consider only the 17 bursts ...
2,121,713,846,833
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} Deep learning models interpolate famously well on data that are generated from the training distribution. Nevertheless, when it comes to generalizing to out-of-distribution examples (e.g., transformed inputs), their predictive potential is more restricted. For example, a clas...
2,121,713,846,834
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction\protect} The investigation of particle production in proton-proton collisions at LHC energies is expected to yield new insights into the underlying partonic processes. Data from the experimental collaborations are now available starting at the injection energy of $\sqrt{s}=0.9$ ...
2,121,713,846,835
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction} Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over an imaginary quadratic field $K$ with complex multiplication by the integer ring $\mathcal O_K$ and let $L(\psi, s)$ be the Hecke $L$-function attached to $E$. For a CM period $\Omega$, it is known that the value \begin{align} ...
2,121,713,846,836
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Main Results} Let $T$ be the classical singular integral operator. In 1976, Coifman, Rochberg and Weiss \cite{crw} studied the commutator generated by $T$ and a function $b\in{BMO(\rn)}$ as follows \begin{equation} \label{equ.1.1} [b,T](f)(x)=T\big((b(x)-b(\cdot))f(\cdot)\big)(x) =...
2,121,713,846,837
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recent investigations have shown that gravitational field equations in a wide class of models (including Einstein's gravity) can be given a physical interpretation which is thermodynamical in origin. In this approach, one introduces around any event in spacetime local Rindler observers who per...
2,121,713,846,838
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \input{intro.tex} \section{Related Work} \label{sec:related} \input{related.tex} \section{Method} \label{sec:method} \input{method.tex} \section{Experiments} \label{sec:exp} \subsection{Dataset} \label{sec:dataset} \input{dataset.tex} \subsection{Training and evaluation pro...
2,121,713,846,839
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Let $K$ be a field, and let $\phi(x) \in K(x)$ be a rational function of degree $d \ge 2$, viewed as a self-map of $\mathbb{P}^1(K)$. For an integer $n \ge 0$, we denote by $\phi^n$ the $n$-fold composition of $\phi$; that is, $\phi^0$ is the identity map, and $\phi^n = \phi \c...
2,121,713,846,840
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Nowadays, scene text detection and recognition have attracted more and more research interests. Text detection~\cite{liu2014text,tian2016detecting,zhou2017east,qxg1, qxg2, cyd1, cyd2} is the task of localizing the text instances in the scene images. Text recognition is to transcribe the image to ...