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2,869,038,155,928
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In response to the demand for reducing pollution, Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly common throughout the world. In general, EVs use Li-ion batteries with a variety of advantages over other batteries as energy storage devices.\unskip~\cite{Cite1} At this time, a battery management...
2,869,038,155,929
arxiv
\section{Detailed description of the CIANNA framework} \label{cianna_app} \clearpage \null \thispagestyle{empty} \newpage \thispagestyle{empty} \etocsetnexttocdepth{4} \etocsettocstyle{\subsection*{Detailed description of the CIANNA framework}}{} \localtableofcontents{} \clearpage \section*{Detailed description o...
2,869,038,155,930
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} It is an important task to compute (Landau or Coulomb) gauge gluon, ghost, fermion propagators and the basic vertex functions from non-perturbative approaches to $SU(N)$ gauge theories, like Dyson-Schwinger equations or the lattice formulation. On one hand one is interest...
2,869,038,155,931
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This article, which is continuation of our earlier work \cite{Grohs2013}, studies off-diagonal decay properties of Moore-Penrose pseudoinverses $A^+$ of symmetric (bi-infinite) matrices $A=(A_{\lambda,\lambda'})_{\lambda,\lambda'\in\Lambda}$, with $\Lambda$ a discrete index set. More precisely, o...
2,869,038,155,932
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The study of correlation functions of integrable quantum spin chains has a very long history \cite{BOOK-KBI,BOOK-JM}. There exist many results for the case of the $SU(2)$ spin-$1/2$ chain \cite{TAKA,JMMN92,JM96,KMT00,GAS05,BOKO01,BOOS05,BOOS2,BGKS06,DGHK07,KKMST09,AuKl12} and its higher-sp...
2,869,038,155,933
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The canonical thermodynamic model (CTM) as applied to the nuclear multifragmentation problem addresses the following scenario. Assume that because of collisions we have a finite piece of nuclear matter which is heated and begins to expand. During the expansion the nucleus will break up into many...
2,869,038,155,934
arxiv
\subsection{Fixed-Rate Coding} \label{frc} For fixed-rate coding, the per-user rate is defined as \begin{equation} R_N\triangleq \frac{K}{N}~\mathbb{P}\left(\mathrm{SIR}>2^{K/N}-1\mid \Phi\right). \label{FRC_CP} \end{equation} The CCDF of the rate $R_N$ is given by \begin{equation}\label{Frc_rn} \mathbb{P}(R_N>r)=\fra...
2,869,038,155,935
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect1} The study of polarized deep inelastic scattering off polarized targets has revealed a rich structure of phenomena during the last years~\cite{REV}. So far mainly the case of deep inelastic photon scattering has been studied experimentally. A future polarized proton option at RHIC an...
2,869,038,155,936
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Semiconductor mesoscopic systems have been extensively studied since the establishment of microfabrication techniques~\cite{DattaETMS,ImryIMP,IhnEQTMSS} in the 1980s. These systems allow us to artificially realize and control various quantum phenomena of electron charge and spin. In this review, ...
2,869,038,155,937
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The well known Bohr-van Leeuwen Theorem (BvL) \cite{lee21,boh11,vle32,pei79,jay81,sah08,jay07,jay08} forbids the presence of orbital diamagnetism in classical equilibrium systems. The essential point of the proof of this theorem is that the magnetic field ${\bf B}$ enters the particle Hamiltonia...
2,869,038,155,938
arxiv
\subsection{Pre-processing of Data} The data set contained over 1300 multiple choice question answer pairs (including their explanation), level of difficulty and overall quality score given by the students. As our data set of questions was in a .txt format, it was necessary to import it into a suitable format in orde...
2,869,038,155,939
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A pseudoprime is a composite number that satisfies some necessary condition for primality. Since primes are necessary building blocks for so many algorithms, and since the most common way to find primes in practice is to apply primality testing algorithms based on such necessary conditions, it...
2,869,038,155,940
arxiv
\section{Introduction}% \label{Sec:Intro} % Assessing geometric and electronic structures of molecules via different scattering techniques using x-rays, ultrafast electrons and high harmonic generations (HHG) is a hot topic of current research in molecular physics since they provide a gateway to image chemical rea...
2,869,038,155,941
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A significant amount of network traffic \cite{games3, camera1} is originated nowadays by the new multimedia services over the Internet (e.g. videoconferencing, video surveillance, VoIP, online games and P2P-TV) and a large increase in the number of users can be observed. Moreover, the expectatio...
2,869,038,155,942
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The domain shift problem is drawing increasing attention in recent years \cite{Hoffman_cycada2017, zhu2017unpaired, Tsai_adaptseg_2018, sankaranarayanan2017unsupervised, ghifary2015domain, StarGAN2018}. In particular, there are two tasks that are of interest in computer vision community. One is t...
2,869,038,155,943
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \begin{figure}[b] \centering \includegraphics[width=0.475\textwidth]{image-noid3-h3.pdf} \includegraphics[width=0.475\textwidth]{image-noid5-h3.pdf} \caption{\small Cutaway views of equilateral minimal noids in $\mathrm{H}^3\cup\mathrm{S}^2\cup\mathrm{H}^3$ wit...
2,869,038,155,944
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgments} This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. \newcommand{\PR}{Phys. Rev.} \newcommand{\PRL}{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \newcommand{\CQG}{Class. Quantum Grav.} \newcommand{\CMP}{Commun. Math. Phys.} \newcommand{\NP}{Nucl. Phys.} ...
2,869,038,155,945
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Spatial random fields (SRF's) have applications in hydrology \cite{kitan,rubin}, oil reservoir engineering \cite{hohn}, environmental pollutant mapping and risk assessment \cite{christ}, mining exploration and reserves estimation \cite{goov}, as well as environmental health studies \cite{ch98...
2,869,038,155,946
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:introduction}Introduction} In-situ characterization of detailed 3D views of defects and interfaces and their evolution at the mesoscale (few nm - hundreds of $\mu$m) are required to develop microstructure-aware physics-based models and to design advanced materials with tailored properties \cite{ref:...
2,869,038,155,947
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \begin{figure*} \centering \includegraphics[width=175mm]{fig1-heat-white-cont.pdf} \caption{Top panel: velocity integrated intensity maps in the range of -25 to 30~km~s$^{-1}$, from left to right: of \hbox{{\rm [C {\scriptsize II}]}}\ $^2$P$_{3/2}$ $\to$ $^2$P$_{1/2}$ fine-st...
2,869,038,155,948
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The rich excitation spectrum of the nucleon mirrors its complicated multi--quark inner dynamics. Therefore baryon spectroscopy is expected to provide benchmark data for any model of the nucleon, e.g. quark models in their variety \cite{CR00,Loering01} or, increasingly in t...
2,869,038,155,949
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The observed fermion masses and mixing angles are well parametrized by the Higgs Yukawa couplings in the Standard Model (SM). However, the neutrino masses and mixing angles call for the addition of right-handed (RH) neutrinos or physics beyond the SM and, moreover, the flavor structures of quar...
2,869,038,155,950
arxiv
\section{Hindman's theorem} Hindman's theorem is the following statement. As the name suggest it was established by Neil Hindman, see \cite{nH74}. \begin{theorem}[Hindman's theorem, \lp{HT}] If the natural numbers are colored with finitely many colors then there is an infinite set $S\subseteq \Nat$ such that the no...
2,869,038,155,951
arxiv
\@ifstar{\@ssection}{\@section}{Introduction} In a series of recent papers, Navarro, Frenk \& White (1995, 1996, 1997, hereafter NFW) have claimed that dark halos formed by dissipationless hierarchical clustering {}from gaussian initial conditions can be fitted by a universal density profile of the form $$\rho(r)=\d...
2,869,038,155,952
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $C$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g \geq 2$ over an algebraically closed field $k$. For simplicity we assume the characteristic of $k$ to be 0, although some of the results are valid in greater generality. To every \'etale double covering $f: \tilde{C} \rightarrow C$ one can associ...
2,869,038,155,953
arxiv
\section{Introduction and review of previous analyses} Charged-current (CC) deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) of neutrinos off nuclei has long been recognized to have a significant impact on global analyses of proton~\cite{Hou:2019efy,Accardi:2016qay,Bailey:2020ooq,Abramowicz:2015mha,Ball:2017nwa,Alekhin:2017kpj} and nuc...
2,869,038,155,954
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Studies of elastic scattering of high energy protons lead to several unexpected results reviewed, e.g., in Refs \cite{ijmp, ufn17}. Among them, the increase of the share of elastic scattering with the energy increase by a factor about 1.5 from ISR-energies to LHC is the most surprising and ye...
2,869,038,155,955
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The income fluctuation problem refers to the broad class of decision problems that characterize the optimal consumption-saving behavior for agents facing stochastic income streams. In most cases, agents are subject to idiosyncratic shocks and borrowing constraints. Markets are incomplete so idio...
2,869,038,155,956
arxiv
\section*{\refname} \makeatother \begin{abstract} The political discourse in Western European countries such as Germany has recently seen a resurgence of the topic of refugees, fueled by an influx of refugees from various Middle Eastern and African countries. Even though the topic of refugees evidently plays a la...
2,869,038,155,957
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the fundamental theory of strong interactions, can be perturbatively solved only in the region of asymptotic freedom, i.e., for large momenta of quarks and gluons \cite{Pol}. At low momenta, quarks and gluons interact strongly and are confined inside hadrons. In this...
2,869,038,155,958
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction}} Given a pointset \(\Lambda_N := \{ X_1, \ldots, X_N \} \subset \mathbb{R}^{D}\) that is assumed to lie on a submanifold \(\Lambda \supset \Lambda_N\), a natural inverse problem asks to approximate the \emph{intrinsic} geometry of \(\Lambda\), using only this data. Implicitly...
2,869,038,155,959
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The quality of images of scenes in our daily life is greatly affected by the particles suspended in the environment, such as due to dust, smoke, mist, fog, smog, etc. Bad weather also contributes to this. Beside significantly higher and non-uniform noise in the images, the usual effects are redu...
2,869,038,155,960
arxiv
\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@{Method} A very active subfield in high energy physics recently is the study of hadrons with heavy-light quark content \cite{Neubert}. A major effort has been spent in calculating the Isgur-Wise function, which, once it is determined, can be widely used in calculations of heavy meson decay...
2,869,038,155,961
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Main problem of the mathematical statistics and simulation is connected with insufficiency of primary statistical data. In this situation, the Bootstrap method can be used successfully (Efron, Tibshirani 1993, Davison, Hinkley 1997). If a dependence between characteristics of interest and i...
2,869,038,155,962
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{T}{he} promise of {network} Slicing is to enable a high level of customization of network services in future networks (5G and beyond) leveraged by virtualization and software defined networking techniques. These key enablers transform telecommunications networks into programmable...
2,869,038,155,963
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} In \cite{huttner2018portfolio}, we can read: \begin{quote} ``To the best of our knowledge, there is no algorithm available for the generation of reasonably random [financial] correlation matrices with the Perron-Frobenius property. [...] Concerning the generation of [financi...
2,869,038,155,964
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The electronic properties of graphene can be tailored in a suitable way through the deposition of foreign atoms, allowing not only the development of electronic devices but also providing platforms for new physical phenomena~\cite{CastroNeto20091094, PhysRevB.82.033414, PhysRevB.81.115427}....
2,869,038,155,965
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The emerging concept of Volunteer Computing~\cite{935629, volunteercomputing} has proved its very large capacity for high performance computing in a series of highly successful projects, namely SETI@Home~\cite{setiathome}, Folding@Home~\cite{larson-2003} and etc. For example, in SETI@Home, more t...
2,869,038,155,966
arxiv
\section{Introduction} High temperature superconductivity always attracts scientists working in different fields of physics and material science due to its extensive applications and extraordinary properties. A fundamental question of this topic is how to understand the origin of high temperature superconductivity~\ci...
2,869,038,155,967
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is believed that parity odd domains with chiral imbalance are produced in finite temperature quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Their presence can be detected via axial anomaly as chiral magnetic effect (CME) \cite{Kharzeev:2007jp,Kharzeev:2007tn,Kharzeev:2004ey,Fukushima:2008xe} and chiral magne...
2,869,038,155,968
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A fundamental question in differential geometry is to determine which transitive Lie group actions exist on a manifold. Sophus Lie considered this to be an important problem, in particular due to its applications in the symmetry theory of PDEs. In \cite{Lie1880} (see also \cite{Transformationsgr...
2,869,038,155,969
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{comment} \IEEEPARstart{T}{his} demo file is intended to serve as a ``starter file'' for IEEE journal papers produced under \LaTeX\ using IEEEtran.cls version 1.8a and later. I wish you the best of success. \hfill mds \hfill September 17, 2014 \subsection{Subsection Heading Here} Sub...
2,869,038,155,970
arxiv
\section{Introduction\label{Intro}} Large mean free path ($L$$\gg$1 $\mu$m) of GaAs/AlGaAs-based two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and modern nano-fabrication technologies have enabled us to design and fabricate 2DEG samples artificially modulated with length scales much smaller than $L$. The samples have been extens...
2,869,038,155,971
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we consider pseudoprocesses related to different types of fractional higher-order heat-type equations. Our starting point is the set of higher-order equations of the form \begin{equation} \frac{\partial}{\partial t} u_m(x, t) \, = \, \kappa_m \frac{\partial^m}{\partial x^m} u_m(x,...
2,869,038,155,972
arxiv
\section{Appendix} In this Appendix, we first present additional experimental results for the NER before providing additional details on experiments, including model architectures and selection of hyper-parameters. \subsection{Additional Experimental Results} \begin{table} \caption{All Trials for NER experiments.} \...
2,869,038,155,973
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec: introduction} Viscoplastic (VP) fluids are a class of materials whose distinctive property is that they flow as fluids if subjected to large enough stresses but behave as solids if the applied stress is below a critical value, termed the yield stress. Although solids can also unde...
2,869,038,155,974
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sectionintroduction} In recent years many sophisticated methods have been developed to calculate higher order (``multi-loop'') QCD radiative corrections for high energy quantities for which it is believed that an expansion in terms of Feynman diagrams with a certain number of loops represe...
2,869,038,155,975
arxiv
\subsection{Systematic uncertainties} \label{sec:systematics} \input{Systematics} \subsection{Test of SM $J^P = 0^+$ against $J^P = 0^-$ \label{sec:zerom}} The distributions of the test statistics $q$ from the \ensuremath{H \rightarrow ZZ^{(*)}}\ channel for the \ensuremath{J^P=0^+}\ and \ensuremath{0^{-}}\...
2,869,038,155,976
arxiv
\section{Negative binomial distribution}\label{sec:NBaug} \section{Polya-Gamma distribution} To infer the regression coefficient vector for each NB regression, we use the Polya-Gamma random variable $X\sim \mbox{PG}(a,c)$, defined in \citet{LogitPolyGamma} as the weighted sum of infinite independent, and iden...
2,869,038,155,977
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} As an active area of research, numerical study of evolutionary stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) has attracted increasing attention in the past decades (see, e.g., monographs \cite{kruse2014strong,lord2014introduction,jentzen2011taylor} and references ...
2,869,038,155,978
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} MHD waves and oscillations observed in the solar corona are extremely important as they provide an excellent opportunity to probe the corona indirectly via coronal seismology \citep{roberts1984,nakariakov2005,demoortel2009}. Slow magnetoacoustic waves were discovered in post-flare coronal loop...
2,869,038,155,979
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Image restoration aims to recover the high-quality image from its low-quality counterpart and includes a series of computer vision applications, such as image super-resolution (SR) and denoising. It is an ill-posed inverse problem since there are a huge amount of candidates for any original input...
2,869,038,155,980
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Most of the recent work has been based on spectroscopy, while little effort was done in analyzing the photometry. In this poster we present new, high accuracy photometry obtained at ESO La Silla with the New Technology Telescope ($NTT$) under good seeing conditions ($0.7^{\prime\prime} FWHM$) in ...
2,869,038,155,981
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Introduction} Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills. According to World Alzheimer Reports \citep{gaugler20192019}, there are around $55$ million people worldwide living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. The t...
2,869,038,155,982
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Finite generation of symbolic Rees rings is one of very interesting problems in commutative ring theory. It is deeply related to Hilbert's 14th problem or Kronecker's problem (Cowsik's question~\cite{Cowsik}). It often happens that the Cox ring (or a multi-section ring) of an algebraic varie...
2,869,038,155,983
arxiv
\section{Ablation Studies} \label{sec:ablation} \marco{ In this section\um{,} we provide extensive ablation studies to investigate key features of our approach. We will consider the \textit{urban} experimental setup, with $\text{CS} \rightarrow \text{BDD} \rightarrow \text{IDD}$ domain and $\mathcal{C}_{bgr} \ri...
2,869,038,155,984
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Image generation or synthesis consists in the act of producing a novel image---representing a subject of interest or whatever else---from an input that could be a random noise matrix, another (real) image, or a combination of these two possibilities, eventually put beside a labe...
2,869,038,155,985
arxiv
\section{Introduction} For many decades a commonly accepted view was that a purely gravitational hair of a black hole contains no information besides its mass $M$ and an angular momentum. This view is closely connected to another statement that the Hawking spectrum \cite{Hawking} of black hole evaporation ...
2,869,038,155,986
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Algorithms to automate consequential decisions such as hiring \citep{hiring}, lending \citep{lending}, policing \citep{policing}, and criminal sentencing \citep{sentencing} are frequently suspected of being unfair or discriminatory. The suspicions are not hypothetical. The 2016 ProPublica ...
2,869,038,155,987
arxiv
\section{Proofs} \begin{proof}[Proof of Proposition~\ref{lem:nonsingular}] The first claim follows directly from the fact that $\ones$ is an eigenvector of $P_{X^{\perp}} + \lambda L$ with eigenvalue 1, since $\ones \in \col(X)^{\perp}$ and $L\ones = 0$. To show the second claim, note that the minimum eigenvalue of $P...
2,869,038,155,988
arxiv
\section{Introduction} For a positive integer $n$, a {\it partition} of $n$ is a sequence $\lambda = (\lambda_1, \ldots, \lambda_l)$ of integers with $\lambda_1 \ge \lambda_2 \ge \cdots \ge \lambda_l \ge 1$ and $\sum_{i=1}^l \lambda_i =n$. A partition $\lambda$ is frequently represented by its Young diagram. The {...
2,869,038,155,989
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{table*} \caption{Parameters found in the literature of the stars used in this study.} \vspace{-2mm} \centering \tabcolsep=15pt \begin{tabular}{lcrrrrc} \hline\hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{KIC} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\num} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{M} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{R} & \multicolumn{1}{c}...
2,869,038,155,990
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The microscopic accounting of black hole entropy for suitably simple (BPS) black holes \cite{StromingerVafa} is one of the triumphs of string theory. Hints of deep ties between this subject and natural objects in number theory and the theory of automorphic forms began to appear with the work of...
2,869,038,155,991
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} \vspace{-2mm} This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement n$^{\circ}$ 725594 - time-data) and was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) under grant n...
2,869,038,155,992
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Zero knowledge (ZK for short) proof, a proof that reveals nothing but the validity of the assertion, is put forward in the seminal paper of Goldwasser, Micali and Rackoff \cite{GMR}. Since its introduction, especially after the generality demonstrated in \cite{GMW}, ZK proofs have become a fundam...
2,869,038,155,993
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quadratic forms on a free supertropical module, and their bilinear companions, were introduced and classified in \cite{QF1,QF2}, and studied further in \cite{Quasilinear,VR1,UB}. These objects establish a version of tropical trigonometry, where the CS-ratio takes the role of the Cauchy...
2,869,038,155,994
arxiv
\section{Real-time conic optimization with infeasibility detection} \label{sec: PIPG} The key step in Algorithm~\ref{alg: trigger} is to solve optimization~\eqref{opt: trigger} if it is feasible, and prove that it is infeasible otherwise. Such a problem is also known as \emph{infeasibility detection} in constrained opt...
2,869,038,155,995
arxiv
\section{Observations of Diffuse Light} The study of the intracluster light (ICL) began with Zwicky's (1951) claimed discovery of an excess of light between galaxies in the Coma Cluster. Its low surface brightness ($\mu_B > 28$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$) makes it difficult to study the ICL systematically (Oemler 1973; Thuan...
2,869,038,155,996
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We are interested in developing efficient numerical methods for high frequency wave propagation. For simplicity and clarity we take the following linear scalar wave equation to present the idea, \begin{equation}\label{eq:wave} \partial_t^2 u - c^2(\bd{x}) \Delta u = 0,\qquad \bd{x}\in\mathbb{R...
2,869,038,155,997
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Despite the long history of quantum mechanics, the quantum measurement problem continues to attract interest motivated mostly by the counter-intuitive features of the ``wavefunction reduction''. Although dynamics of any measurement set-up is governed by the Schr\"{o}dinger equation with an appro...
2,869,038,155,998
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Measuring high-order intensity correlation function is the key tool to reconstruct the object information in ghost imaging with thermal light (GITL) \cite{r0,r2,r3,r4,r5,r6,wtj1}. The correlation orders were natural numbers in all present scenarios. The most favorite order was $2$, and the ...
2,869,038,155,999
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A sequence $(z_j)$ of points in a domain $G$ of the complex plane ${\mathbb{C}}$ is called the zero set of an analytic function $f: G \to {\mathbb{C}}$, if $f$ vanishes precisely on this set $(z_j)$. This means that $f(z)\not=0$ for $z\in G \backslash (z_j)$ and if the point $\xi \in G$ occurs...
2,869,038,156,000
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we study the low Mach number limit of local smooth solutions to the following full compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with general initial data in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^3$ (see \cite{Hu87,JT64,KL,LL}): \begin{align} &\partial_t\rho +{\rm div }(\rho\u)=0, \label{h...
2,869,038,156,001
arxiv
\section{Splining Strings} \label{sec:triespline} \sparagraph{Problem Statement.} Given an immutable, lexicographically sorted array of strings, we want to build an index on top which supports two key operations. First, the index should support equality lookups: if the string is present, return its index, and if not,...
2,869,038,156,002
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the conventional model of binary stars, there is no consideration of spin and tidal effects (Eggleton 1971,1972,1973; Hofmeister, Kippenhahn \& Weigert, 1964; Kippenhahn et al. 1967; etc.); however, rotation and tide have been regarded as two important physical factors in recent years, so they...
2,869,038,156,003
arxiv
\section{Introduction} $O(N)$ spinning particles \cite{Gershun:1979fb,Howe:1988ft,Kuzenko:1995mg} have been useful to describe higher spin fields in first quantization \cite{Siegel:1999ew,Bastianelli:2007pv}. Similarly, $U(N)$ spinning particles \cite{Marcus:1994em, Marcus:1994mm} have been instrumental to discove...
2,869,038,156,004
arxiv
\section{ Introduction} There have been renewed interests for muon colliders operating at high energies in the range of multi-TeV~\cite{Delahaye:2019omf,Han:2020uid,Long:2020wfp}. This would offer great physics opportunity to open unprecedented new energy threshold for new physics, and provide precision measurements i...
2,869,038,156,005
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The complete simply connected K\"ahler manifolds of nonzero constant holomorphic curvature are the complex space forms $\C\PP^n$ and $\C{\mathrm H}^n$. Takagi \cite{takagi1975}, for $\C\PP^n$ and Montiel \cite{montiel}, for $\C{\mathrm H}^n$, catalogued a specific list of real hypersurfaces whi...
2,869,038,156,006
arxiv
\section{Introduction} If theoretical cosmologists are the flyboys of astrophysics, they were flying on fumes in the 1990s. Since the early 1980s inflation and cold dark matter (CDM) have been the dominant theoretical ideas in cosmology. However, a key prediction of inflation, a flat Universe (i.e., $\Omega_0 \equiv...
2,869,038,156,007
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \begin{figure} \begin{center} \includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{intro2.png} \end{center} \caption{Unsupervised spectral image land cover segmentation.} \label{fig:intro} \end{figure} Spectral remote sensing systems acquire information of the Earth's surface by ...
2,869,038,156,008
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The universal relation between the statistics of quantum spectra and classical mechanics is a fundamental cornerstone of quantum chaos: For systems with regular dynamics it was conjectured that spectral statistics show Poissonian behavior \cite{BeTa1977}. In contrast, systems with chaotic dyn...
2,869,038,156,009
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This work was originally written in the late 1980s. It was then circulated as a preprint among a few colleagues (see e.g. MathSciNet review: 986700) but for some reason was never published. In a recent conversation Hillel Furstenberg asked whether there exists a subalgebra of $\ell^\infty(\math...
2,869,038,156,010
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The relation between the topological entropy of the geodesic flow of a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ with non-positive sectional curvature and the critical exponent of the discrete group of isometries $\Gamma \cong \pi_1(M)$ acting freely on the universal covering $\tilde{M}$ of $M$ has been inten...
2,869,038,156,011
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Functions are to mathematics as sentences are to linguistics, constituting basic resources for develping more complete mathematical systems and models. The importance of functions is reflected in their widespread applications not only to the physical sciences, but to virtually every scientif...
2,869,038,156,012
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec1} Quantum state tomography (QST) determines an unknown state by making measurements on identical copies with highly important applications in various areas of quantum technologies \cite{d2003quantum, cramer2010efficient, christandl2012reliable}. QST and process estimation tasks for ...
2,869,038,156,013
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we present a deterministic algorithm for unsupervised generative modeling on strings using tensor networks. The algorithm is deterministic with a fixed number of steps and the resulting model has a perfect sampling algorithm that allows efficient sampling from marginal distributi...
2,869,038,156,014
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The literature contains considerable discussion of the likelihood of nearby supernova events: their frequency has been estimated (Shklovsky \cite{shkl}), and their possible impacts on the biosphere have been considered (Ruderman \cite{rude}; Ellis \& Schramm \cite{es}; Ellis, Fields, \& Schramm ...
2,869,038,156,015
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Biology presents fascinating examples of nonequilibrium systems at high densities, exhibiting some remarkable similarities to the dynamics of equilibrium glasses \cite{angelini2011,garcia2015,zhou2009,sadati2014}. Such examples give strong motivation to study non-equilibrium (active) systems at h...
2,869,038,156,016
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The radial velocity (RV) method is the principal technique for constraining the masses of exoplanets \citep{FirstDetection_1995}. It provides complementary information to the transit method, e.g., as used by the \emph{Kepler} and TESS spacecraft \citep{Borucki977, 1538-3873-126-938-398, TESS2014...
2,869,038,156,017
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The dynamics of the long term evolution of small bodies revolving beyond the Neptune's orbit and forming the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt is a hot research topic in planetary science. Since 1992, when the first small body was discovered (Jewitt and Luu, 1993), hundreds of such small bodies, called tra...
2,869,038,156,018
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we are concerned with stochastic (inviscid) dyadic models written in vector form \begin{equation}\label{stoch-dyadic-model} \d X= B(X)\,\d t + (\circ\,\d W(t)) X, \end{equation} where $X=(X_n)_n \in \R^\infty$ is an infinite dimensional column vector, $B(X)= B(X,X)$ and...
2,869,038,156,019
arxiv
\section{\label{intro}Introduction} In the standard model the fundamental fermions come in families. In writing down the theory one may start by first introducing just one family, then one may repeat the same procedure by introducing copies of the first family. Why do quarks and leptons come in repetitive structures--...
2,869,038,156,020
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Shape is arguably the most important property of objects, providing cues for affordance, function, category, and interaction. This paper examines the problem of predicting the 3D object shape from a single image (Fig.~\ref{fig:splash}). The availability of large 3D object model datasets~\cite{ch...
2,869,038,156,021
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The modelling of a two-sex population with heritable traits has often proved to be a formidable problem due to the interplay of many seemingly crucial evolutionary mechanisms. Our study is motivated by a specific example of this problem: the evolution of longevity in ancestral populations, where...
2,869,038,156,022
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} {\bf We study $N$ spinless fermions in their ground state confined by an external potential in one dimension with long range interactions of the general Calogero-Sutherland type. For some choices of the potential this system maps to standard random matrix ensembles for general values of the Dyson i...
2,869,038,156,023
arxiv
\part{\par \addvspace{4ex}\@afterindentfalse \secdef\@part\@spart} \def\@part[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \refstepcounter{part} \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{Part \arabic{part}: #1} \else \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1} \fi {\parindent 0pt \raggedright \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \reset@font\large\r...
2,869,038,156,024
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Given a bichromatic point set $P = P_r \cup P_b$, where $P_r$ is the set of $n$ red points and $P_b$ is the set of $m$ blue points, the basic separability problem is to find a separator $S$ such that the points in $P_r$ and $P_b$ lie in two different sides of $S$ respectively. The ...
2,869,038,156,025
arxiv
\section*{Scientific/Technical/Management} \section{Introduction} All stars later than F5 possess convective zones that drive hot corona heated to 1-10 MK. For this standpoint, the Sun has a moderately heated corona (1-3 MK) extending from the transition zone to a few solar radii. The solar coronal heating is observed ...
2,869,038,156,026
arxiv
\section{Matrix multiplication on Systolic Arrays} \label{s:gemm} SAs consist of an array of Processing Elements (PEs) organized in $R$ rows and $C$ columns, as shown in Fig.~\ref{f:ws-base}(a). Each PE consists of a multiplier and an adder and necessary registers to appropriately pipeline the operation. SAs are fed b...
2,869,038,156,027
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An important aspect of cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum access is how to distribute resources among users. Resource allocation in such systems differ from conventional wireless systems because the resources available changes with time and location, yielding an optimal allocation hard. In dyna...