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1,941,325,218,388
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum computation involves the transformation of one known pure quantum state into another unknown state, which can be measured to provide a computationally useful output. Traditionally, it has been understood that an important part of this process is proper preparation of a fiducial initial ...
1,941,325,218,389
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} In this paper, we consider the following capacitated covering problem. We are given a set $P$ of $n$ points and a set $\mathcal{B}$ of balls from some metric space, and a positive integer $U$ that represents the {\em capacity} of each of the balls in $\mathcal{B}$. We would like...
1,941,325,218,390
arxiv
\section{Introduction}% \label{sec:intro} Randomized experiments have long been viewed as the gold standard for causal inference. In epidemiology, researchers may want to study the effect of vaccines on a target population to protect individuals who are at risk of an infectious disease. Technology companies such as ...
1,941,325,218,391
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The task of generating high fidelity, realistic-looking images based on semantic description is central to many applications. A lot of research has been focused on the text-to-image synthesis task, which takes in natural language descriptions to generate images matching the text. Many models fo...
1,941,325,218,392
arxiv
\section{Introduction} While the study of extreme value statistics (EVS) is by now a longstanding issue in the fields of engineering \cite{gumbel}, finance \cite{embrecht} or environmental sciences \cite{katz}, it was recognized only recently that EVS plays a crucial role in the theory of complex and disordered syste...
1,941,325,218,393
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Gaussian processes (GPs) are used in a great variety of real-world problems as stochastic emulators in fields such as biology, finance and robotics \citep{Rasmussen2005GP,Murphy2012ML}. In the latter, they can be used for emulating the dynamics of robots when experiments become ...
1,941,325,218,394
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} The combined analysis of the solar neutrino experiments [1-8] and reactor antineutrino experiment [9-10] established to confirm the neutrino oscillation strongly indicates the so-called large mixing angle (LMA) region of the neutrino parameter space [11-16]. In a minimal extension of the standa...
1,941,325,218,395
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}} Minimisation (or, equivalently, maximisation) of non-linear functions is a widespread tool in science, engineering and information technology. Common examples of its use are maximum likelihood and maximum a-posteriori estimates of model parameters given a set of measurem...
1,941,325,218,396
arxiv
\subsection*{Acknowledgments} The author would like to thank Brian White for sharing his knowledge and insights about the mean curvature flow with him. \section{Brendle-Choi neck improvement theorem} We present an easier variant of Brendle-Choi's neck improvement theorem \cite[Theorem 4.4]{BC}. In our situation the axi...
1,941,325,218,397
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The global Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) industry with deep neural network (DNN) as the underlying component had generated a handsome USD 13.95 billion revenue in 2020 and is expected to reach USD 302.66 billion by 2030, witnessing a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)\footnote{The mean a...
1,941,325,218,398
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Source code suggestion and syntax error fixing are vital features of a modern integrated development environment (IDE). These features help software developers to build and debug software rapidly. Recently, deep learning-based language models have shown great potential in various source code mode...
1,941,325,218,399
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro_sect} Although the prime properties of a (single) massive star are set by its initial mass and metallicity, its ultimate destiny and actual path in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD) critically depend on mass loss and rotation \citep{puls08, langer12}. Furthermore, rotat...
1,941,325,218,400
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Precision measurement of the position of an atom passing through a standing-wave field has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Several schemes have been proposed for the localization of an atom using optical methods~\cite{welch9193}. High-resolution position measurements of the atom...
1,941,325,218,401
arxiv
\section{Supplementary Material A: Classical Transmission}\label{sup:1} We expand on the Beer-Lambert law to account for nonlinear absorption that occurs across a medium in the high power, low saturation intensity, regime. We aim to solve for the intensity of a single mode optical field, ${N(z)}$, as a function of pos...
1,941,325,218,402
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{secIn} In this paper, we consider the following diffusion model: \begin{equation} \label{secIn.1} \mathrm{d}y_{t}=S(y_{t})\,\mathrm{d}t + \sigma(y_{t})\,\mathrm{d}W_{t},\qquad 0\le t\le T, \end{equation} where $(W_{t})_{t\ge0}$ is a scalar standard Wiener process, $S(\cdot)$ and...
1,941,325,218,403
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A proper coloring of a graph $G = (V;E)$ is an assignment of colors to the vertices of G, such that any two adjacent vertices have different colors. The chromatic number of $G$, denoted by $\chi(G)$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that $G$ has a proper coloring with $k$ colors. A color cl...
1,941,325,218,404
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Is scale invariance equivalent to conformal invariance? The recurrent theme of this paper is one of the important unsolved problems in the quantum field theory and our modern physics. The superficial answer to the question is ``No". The conformal invariance is more than the mere scale invaria...
1,941,325,218,405
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently, Sarhan et al. (2013) has defined a new four-parameter distribution referred to as exponentiated modified Weibull extension (EMWE) distribution. Sarhan et al. (2013) defined the (EMWE) distribution by exponentiating the new modified Weibull extension (MWE) distribution which discus...
1,941,325,218,406
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \noindent Throughout the paper let $q=e^{\pi i\tau}$ with $\mathrm{Im}(\tau)>0$, let $\tau'=-\frac{1}{\tau}$, and let $p=e^{\pi i\tau'}$. Note that the assumption $\mathrm{Im}(\tau)>0$ guarantees that $|q|<1$ and $|p|<1$. For a complex variable $a$, the $q$-shifted factorials are given by \[ (a;q...
1,941,325,218,407
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), it is plausible from theoretical arguments and experimental evidences that a new form of matter made of quarks and gluons is created.\cite{Whitepapers} This matter referred to as a strongly coupled QGP (sQGP)\cite{Gyulass...
1,941,325,218,408
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} In the two recent works \cite{ALY1} and \cite{ALY2}, Achinger, Lara and Youcis made substantial progress in the theory of covering spaces in non-archimedean analytic geometry. If $k$ is a complete non-archimedean field, and $X$ an adic space locally of finite type over $\mathrm{Spa}(k)$, they d...
1,941,325,218,409
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \input{sections/introduction.tex} \section{Related Work} \label{sec:related_work} \input{sections/related_work.tex} \section{Geometric Path Generation} \label{sec:computational_geometry} \input{sections/computational_geometry.tex} \section{Coverage Path Planning} \label{sec:gtsp} \input{s...
1,941,325,218,410
arxiv
\section{Challenges Discovered} \label{sec:challenges} In this section, we give evidence of the issues, namely Cardinality Mismatch and High Client Scan Latencies. We compare the severity of these issues for both the frequency bands, identify the causes behind these issues, and measure their impact on the issues. ...
1,941,325,218,411
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Cosmological simulations show that dark matter halos play an important role in galaxy formation and evolution \citep{Springel.etal2005_Millenium,Schaye.et.al.2015}. Dark matter halos grow gradually from the initial primordial perturbations, given the long range nature of gravity...
1,941,325,218,412
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Conducting accurate statistical inference with data featuring serial or cross-sectional dependence requires carefully accounting for the underlying dependence structure. A variety of methods are available for researchers analyzing dependent data. An important class of inferential...
1,941,325,218,413
arxiv
\section{Proofs} \subsection{Proof of Claim \ref{claim:sub-opt}}\label{sec:proof_claim} We first define the notion of restricted minimum eigenvalue. \begin{definition}[Restricted minimum eigenvalue]\label{def:re} Given a symmetric matrix $H\in\mathbb R^{d\times d}$ and integer $s\geq 1$, and $L>0$, the restricted min...
1,941,325,218,414
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Linear dynamical systems have surprising properties. By a linear dynamical system, we mean a couple $(X,T)$ where $X$ is a (complex) topological vector space and $T\in\mathfrak L(X) $ is a bounded linear operator on $X$. We are interested in transitive linear dynamical systems; namely we ask tha...
1,941,325,218,415
arxiv
\subsection{Query Answering} \section{Equivalence of Algebra and Calculus} \label{sub:nra_and_nRC} In this Section we prove the strong relation between \nRA and \FOLe by showing that the \nRA relational algebra with nulls and the domain independent fragment of \FOLe with the Standard Name Assumption are equal...
1,941,325,218,416
arxiv
\subsection*{Acknowledgements} We thank E. Carlen, V. Jaksic, C.-A. Pillet and A. Vershynina for valuable comments on a first draft of this paper. We are grateful to the referee for various suggestions that helped to improve this paper. \bibliographystyle{amsalpha}
1,941,325,218,417
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec1} \subsection{Motivation} The number of sensors on vehicles, and the rate of data that they generate, is increasing. The average number of sensors on a vehicle today is around 100, but that number is expected to double by 2020 as vehicles become smarter and automated \cite{Lu:2014}. At...
1,941,325,218,418
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} We would like to thank Peter Müller for some valuable suggestions regarding the proof of the theorem.
1,941,325,218,419
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Chakraborty and Rao \cite{CR-2003} considered a continued fraction expansion of a number in terms of an irrational $\theta \in (0,1)$. This new expansion of positive reals, different from the regular continued fraction expansion, is called $\theta$-expansion. The purpose of this paper is to g...
1,941,325,218,420
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{figure}[!ht] \centering \includegraphics[width=\wintro]{./figures/intro/train_all_seasons.jpg} \caption{ Frames extracted from the Nordland dataset \cite{Sunderhauf2013} that belong to the same place in winter, spring, summer and fall. The proposed method is capable of reco...
1,941,325,218,421
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This text aims to disentangle and make explicit some ideas implicit in our work \cite{SoTsi}. It can be read independently of \cite{SoTsi}. \medskip Given a locally finite non-negative measure $\nu$ on the Euclidean space $\mathbb R^d$, we are interested to know \emph{how evenly is the measure...
1,941,325,218,422
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This note serves to clarify certain properties of $\pi _{1}(HA)$ and $\pi _{1}(HE),$ the topological fundamental groups respectively of the harmonic archipelago and the Hawaiian earring. The Hawaiian earring $HE\;$is the union of a null sequence of simple closed curves meeting in a common point...
1,941,325,218,423
arxiv
\section{Introduction} With the advances in large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs), recent studies have explored various efficient learning paradigms~\cite{brown2020language,liu2021pre,wei2021flan,xie2021explain-in-context} to generalize PLMs to new tasks without task-specific tuning. Among these, in...
1,941,325,218,424
arxiv
\subsection{Feature Expectation} \subsection{ESS for State-Persistence Features} Recall from Section~\ref{sec:param} that the feature function for the state-persistence $\mathbf{f}^{d,s}_{\sigma^{persist}}(i,j)$ is active only in the context where $\Pi^{d,s}_{i:j}\in\zeta$. Thus, Equation~\ref{glob-feature-persist} ...
1,941,325,218,425
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is well known that both the real-variable theory of function spaces and the boundedness of operators are always two important topics of harmonic analysis. Recall that the Lebesgue space $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$ with $p\in(0,\infty)$ is defined by setting $$L^p(\mathbb{R}^n):=\left\{f \ \text{is me...
1,941,325,218,426
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The structure of Frobenius manifolds and its weakened version (the $F$-manifolds) developed in~\cite{HeMa99}, was discovered in the process of axiomatisation of Topological Field Theory, including Mirror Conjecture. A tightly related notion is the one of Frobenius algebras, which is deeply conn...
1,941,325,218,427
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Any dislocation density based theory of dislocation dynamics under stress, and thus of plasticity, must of necessity consist of two parts. The first consists in a density based description of dislocation {\em kinematics}, i.e., of the way dislocations as curved and connected lines move in spac...
1,941,325,218,428
arxiv
\section{Background} \section{Bottlenecks in Cloud-Based Training} \label{sec:background} \begin{figure} \includegraphics[width=\linewidth,trim=4 4 4 4,clip]{Figures/DistributedTraining.pdf} \caption{A few iterations in distributed training.} \label{fig:ddnn} \end{figure} Modern neural networks can have hundr...
1,941,325,218,429
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section:introduction} Core-collapse supernovae announce the deaths of massive stars. The explosion develops deep in the optically thick stellar core and the dynamics of the neutron star in formation reveals itself only through the emission of neutrinos, which are scarcely detected \citep...
1,941,325,218,430
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION}\label{intro} The phenomena related to energy transformation and release on the Sun, possibly are of highest importance for modern solar astrophysics. Solar flaring, as a steady process of energy release, plays a central role and has been drawing the attention of the scientific community for deca...
1,941,325,218,431
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Magnetohydrodynamic transverse waves seem to be a relevant constituent in the dynamics of magnetic and plasma structures in the solar atmosphere. Their presence has been invoked to explain imaging and spectroscopic signatures of periodic plasma motions detected in different types of structures...
1,941,325,218,432
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Detecting weather conditions remains one of the most difficult problems in designing secure and effective advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). Recognition of weather and visual conditions plays a significant part in different sensors' ability and poses many risks in developing an autonom...
1,941,325,218,433
arxiv
\section{Introduction.} Dense communities of bacteria, known as biofilms, appear in a wide range of natural and hand-made environments and their eradication is of great concern in medical and industrial settings \cite{nadell2016spatial, yanni2019drivers}. Biofilms are comprised of different bacteria types with differ...
1,941,325,218,434
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we analyze monotone maps arising in optimal transport for cost functions that are not necessarily quadratic. It is our purpose here to explore further this notion to establish that these maps are single valued a.e. and prove $L^\infty$-estimates for these maps minus affine functions...
1,941,325,218,435
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Consider the affine algebra $\widehat{sl(n)_{\ell}}$, where $(n-1)$ is the rank and $\ell$ is the level\footnote{The standard reference on affine algebras is \cite{Kac}. For an elementary introduction, see \cite{KMPS}. For reviews and original references, see \cite{GO}, and references therein.}....
1,941,325,218,436
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Nanoscience provides an ideal platform in the search for novel materials with desirable and tunable properties. Nanocrystals (NCs) of various sizes and shapes have been found to exhibit a wide variety of physical and chemical properties~\cite{Murray, Alivisatos, Skolnick & Mowbray, Law}, rarely...
1,941,325,218,437
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A long standing goal of topological string theory is to obtain the topological string partition function $Z_{\mbox{\tiny top}}$ as an analytic function on the parameter space of the theory. The latter is the product of the coupling constant space $\mathbb{C}$ -- or $\mathbb{C}^2$ in the case of r...
1,941,325,218,438
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The study of weak interaction had important impact in the development of modern particle physics, like the discovery of parity violation and the existence of neutrinos. In order to answer important questions of modern physics, the actual experiments focus on the detection of the neutrinoless d...
1,941,325,218,439
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec.intro} \section{Introduction} Recent developments, both experimental and theoretical, have significantly broadened the landscape of ultra-high energy cosmic ray phenomenology. The High Resolution Fly's Eye experiment has reported the detection of a high energy cut-off $\sim 10^{20}\,...
1,941,325,218,440
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the classical theory modular forms such as theta series are described in the setting of $Sp_n(\R)$ (cf. \cite{F}). About 20 years ago Borcherds (\cite{Bo}) established a product expansion for modular forms on $SO(2,n)$. There are well-known isomorphisms between the projective symplectic ...
1,941,325,218,441
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The theme of this work is to present a unified approach to several enumeration problems in connection with the classical Eulerian polynomials via a formal calculus based on context-free grammars. We call this approach the Dumont ansatz because it is largely built on the three grammars of Du...
1,941,325,218,442
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{figure}[th] \centering \includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{figs/fig1.pdf} \vspace{-4pt} \caption{The main idea of the proposed deep interpretable metric learning (DIML) method. Unlike most existing deep metric learning methods match the images by comparing feature vecto...
1,941,325,218,443
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Neural networks (NNs) are an important class of complex, hierarchical models which have been used in recent years for a vast range of applications. As impactful examples we mention the exploration of chemical structure \cite{Sc2017}, medical decision making strategies f...
1,941,325,218,444
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Given two $n$ point sets in the plane, it is an open question as to whether a compatible triangulation exists between them. This problem was first posed by Aichholzer et al.\ \cite{aichTCT} in 2002 and in a slightly different version by Saalfeld \cite{saal} in 1987. Aronov, Seidel, and Souvaine...
1,941,325,218,445
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we analyse an optimal control problem subject to an obstacle (from below) and subject to an additional pointwise state constraint (from above). More precisely, we are interested in the problem \begin{equation} \label{eq:P:unreg} \tag{$\mathbf{P}$} \begin{aligned} \text{Minim...
1,941,325,218,446
arxiv
\section{Onto analytic expanding maps} Denote $I=[0,1]$. We say that $f\colon I\rightarrow I$ is an onto map if there exists a finite partition of $I$ by closed intervals \begin{equation}\label{part} \{ I_i \}_{i\in \{1,2,..,d\}},\end{equation} with pairwise disjoint interiors, such that \\ \begin{itemize} \item[-...
1,941,325,218,447
arxiv
\section{The basic superfluid: $^{\normalsize\mb 4}$He} \section{The basic superfluid: He-4} \label{basics} Helium-4 undergoes an ordering transition toward a superfluid state at $T\sim 2.17$ K under its saturated vapour pressure (SVP), which is now commonly viewed as a form of Bose-Einstein condensation. A similar t...
1,941,325,218,448
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Groupoids are among the most widely used models for operator algebras. It is therefore a basic question whether a given \texorpdfstring{$C^*$\nobreakdash-\hspace{0pt}}{*-}{}algebra $A$ can be realised as $C^*(G)$ or $C^*_\red(G)$ for some locally compact topological grou...
1,941,325,218,449
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The signed network with positive and negative link values $x_{ij}=\pm 1$ representing friendly and hostile relations among actors---occupying network nodes $i$ and $j$---is termed structurally balanced \cite{Harary_1953,*Cartwright_1956,*Harary_1959,*Davis_1967,*Harary} when in every triangle th...
1,941,325,218,450
arxiv
\section{Introduction} With the advance of voice-based human-computer interaction and the development of smart devices, such as the Amazon Echo and Apple's Homepod, speech data have become a new dimension of big data. The collection and sharing of real-world speech data not only enables the improvement of innovative s...
1,941,325,218,451
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Triangulations of surfaces are used heavily in computer graphics, visualization, and geometric modeling; they also find applications in scientific computing. Also useful are triangulations of manifolds in spaces of dimension higher than three---for example, as a tool for studying the topology o...
1,941,325,218,452
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Direct detection of dark matter is one of the major scientific challenges in modern astroparticle physics. Based on the proposal \cite{org-xmass}, a single-phase liquid xenon (LXe) detector, XMASS-I was constructed \cite{bibXMASSDetector}. Since the dark matter signal is expect...
1,941,325,218,453
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The ground state of a system at a quantum critical point shows universal behavior in many quantities. Correlation functions, for example, show universal power-law behavior, and in some cases these power laws can be obtained exactly by mapping the quantum critical point to a system in one more...
1,941,325,218,454
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In large epidemiologic or clinical studies with periodic follow-up, it is often impractical to obtain a gold standard or reference standard test on all subjects at each visit time throughout the study. Instead, an inexpensive measures is typically used to assess the outcome of interest at each fo...
1,941,325,218,455
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} The Kronecker-Weyl theorem is an important result of harmonic analysis, related to ergodic theory, and which has been used to study many arithmetical problems of statistical nature. It is both a multidimensional generalization of Weyl's famous result on the equidistribution of the fractional pa...
1,941,325,218,456
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s.intro} We consider the Cauchy problem of the Schr\"odinger-Korteweg-deVries system \begin{equation}\label{e.nls-kdv} \begin{cases} i\partial_tu + \partial_x^2u = \alpha uv + \beta |u|^2u,\\ \partial_tv + \partial_x^3v + \tfrac{1}{2}\partial_x(v^2) = \gamma \partial_x(|u|^2),\\ u(x,0)=u...
1,941,325,218,457
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction} The meson-antimeson mixing and the phenomenon of charge-conjugation-parity {\sl (CP)} violation in neutral mesons systems are key problems of particle physics. In the standard model (SM), the light ($L$) and heavy ($H$) mass eigenstates of the $B_s^0$ system are expected ...
1,941,325,218,458
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \section{Centralised Problem} \label{secCP} Consider a set $ \mN = \{1,2,\ldots,N\} $, of $ N $ of Internet agents (an agent is considered a pair of source and destination users) that communicate over pre-specified routes on the Internet. Each agent $i\in\mN$, communicates at an information...
1,941,325,218,459
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Section:Introduction} The life cycle of interstellar dust in galaxies is highly dynamic. Dust grains are understood to be primarily manufactured through stellar death -- by core-collapse supernov\ae\ \citep{Barlow2010,Matsuura2011E,Gomez2012B} and asymptotic giant branch stars \citep{Hofn...
1,941,325,218,460
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The problem of the late-time behaviour of various fields in the spacetime of a collapsing body is well established (both analytically and numerically). It plays an important role in black hole's physics. Black hole radiates away everything that it can. This phenomenon happens regardless of detai...
1,941,325,218,461
arxiv
\section{Abstract} \textit{\textbf{ Brain tumor segmentation is a challenging problem in medical image analysis. The endpoint is to generate the salient masks that accurately identify brain tumor regions in an fMRI screening. In this paper, we propose a novel attention gate (AG model) for brain tumor segmentation that ...
1,941,325,218,462
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Transient phenomena are manifestation of various classes of astrophysical sources. Their study contributes to characterise the dynamics of such objects and gain clues on the physical processes responsible for their behaviour and evolution with time. In the current time dom...
1,941,325,218,463
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Degenerate flag varieties were introduced by Feigin in \cite{Fei} by Lie theoretic methods, and extensively investigated afterwards, from several viewpoints. In type ${\tt A}$ they admit a linear algebraic description, which inspired a series of papers \cite{CFR12}, \cite{CFR13}, by Cerulli Irell...
1,941,325,218,464
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It has long been known that globular cluster stars present some striking anomalies in their content in light elements\footnote{On the contrary, the content in heavy elements (i.e., Fe-group, $\alpha$-elements) is fairly constant from star to star in any well-studied individual Galactic glo...
1,941,325,218,465
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The ongoing shift in the consumption and distribution of information brings rapid changes to politics. One of the main sources of transformation comes from social media, providing innovative ways to connect people worldwide. Unfortunately, most social media platforms, including YouTub...
1,941,325,218,466
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{O}{rgan} segmentation is an important processing step in medical image analysis, e.g., for image guided interventions, radiotherapy, or improved radiological diagnostics. A plethora of single/multi-organ segmentation methods including machine/deep learning approaches has been intro...
1,941,325,218,467
arxiv
\section{Introdution} One of the goals of the contemporary nuclear physics is to understand the QCD vacuum structure at finite density and/or temperature, especially the fate of dynamical (or spontaneous) breaking of chiral symmetry. The broken chiral symmetry at zero density and temperature is believed to be restor...
1,941,325,218,468
arxiv
\chapter{Background} \label{ch:background} This chapter covers the background material required to understand the process by which the objectives presented in the introduction are approached. Influential material helping to model the ideas and mechanisms explained and developed in further chapters is also covered. He...
1,941,325,218,469
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the central ingredients in typical string theory de Sitter constructions is the use of anti-D3-branes to uplift an AdS vacuum to a de Sitter critical configuration \cite{Kachru:2003aw,Balasubramanian:2005zx,Conlon:2005ki,Kallosh:2018nrk,Bento:2021nbb,Bena:2022cwb}. Even though the end r...
1,941,325,218,470
arxiv
\section{\label{Intro}Introduction} The so-called \textit{Attractor Mechanism} was discovered in the mid 90's \cite{FKS}-\nocite{Strom,FK1,FK2}\cite{FGK} in the context of extremal BPS (Bogomol'ny-Prasad-Sommerfeld) black holes (BHs). Recently, extremal BH \textit{attractors} have been intensively studied \cite{Sen-ol...
1,941,325,218,471
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Central force rigidity percolation describes how a system of lattice sites can become rigid by randomly populating the bonds with springs or struts that can transmit central forces between sites. It features a mechanical critical point at which an infinite rigid cluster emerges and the system g...
1,941,325,218,472
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The behavior of a physical system is often described by models expressed using partial differential equations. There may be many sources of uncertainty in these models, \textit{e.g.}, in material properties, geometry, or loading conditions. Uncertainty quantification (UQ) aims to estimate the ef...
1,941,325,218,473
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Setting} \label{s.setting} Let $K,L,\mathsf{p}\in\mathbb{N}$ and $A\in \mathbb{R}^{K^\mathsf{p}\times L}$, which will be kept fixed throughout the paper. For every $N\in \mathbb{N}$, $t\geq 0$ and a random matrix $X\in \mathbb{R}^{N\times K}$, we consider the inference task of recov...
1,941,325,218,474
arxiv
\section{Our Approach} We propose $\mathtt{MEDL\_CVAE}$ to address two challenges in multi-entity dependence learning. The first challenge is the noisy and potentially multi-modal responses. For example, consider our species distribution modeling application. One bird watcher can make slightly different observatio...
1,941,325,218,475
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \numberwithin{equation}{section} Random motions at finite speed in the multidimensional Euclidean spaces $\Bbb R^m, \; m\ge 2$, also called random flights, have become the subject of intense researches in last decades. The majority of published works deal with the case of isotropic Markov r...
1,941,325,218,476
arxiv
\subsection{Experimental Setup} The main tool we used to collect data was Shadow, a network simulator designed to enable realistic and reproducible experiments with Tor. Shadow allows configuration of a network {\em graph}, which specifies nodes (network-connected hosts), how they are connected, and the processes t...
1,941,325,218,477
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Assigning indivisible items to multiple agents is a fundamental problem in many fields including computer science, economics and operations research. Algorithms for matching and assignment are used in a variety of application areas including allocating runways to airplanes, residents to hospitals...
1,941,325,218,478
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \paragraph*{Problem description and motivation} The ongoing shift from fossil-fuel-driven synchronous generators to power-electronics-interfaced renewable energy is leading to changes in how power grids are modeled, analyzed, and controlled. While synchronous generators are generally rated at se...
1,941,325,218,479
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we continue our study of the diffusive Carr-Penrose (CP) model introduced in \cite{cdw}. The model is obtained by adding a second order diffusion term with coefficient $\varepsilon/2>0$ to the Carr-Penrose equation \cite{cp}. The density function $c_\varepsilon(x,t)$ evolves a...
1,941,325,218,480
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} We consider semigroup of partial automorphisms of a binary $n$-level rooted tree. Throughout the paper by a partial automorphism we mean root-preserving injective tree homomorphism defined on a connected subtree. This semigroup was studied, in particular, in \cite{comb, edm} We are interes...
1,941,325,218,481
arxiv
\section*{COVID-19 and Control Policies} The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought an enormous impact on our lives. Based on data from World Health Organization, as of May 2022, there have been more than 520 million confirmed cases of infection and more than 6 million deaths globally; In the United S...
1,941,325,218,482
arxiv
\section{introduction} Global $U(1)$ symmetry breaking plays a crucial role in many aspects of particle physics and field theories. Cosmic strings are generated associated with the $U(1)$ symmetry breaking in the cosmic history and hence are the key solitons to probe information of the early universe or to prove (o...
1,941,325,218,483
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} The proposal of refs. \cite{dvalex1,dvpirts,dvali,dvalex2}, characterized as classicalization, concerns the nature of high-energy scattering in certain classes of nonrenormalizable scalar field theories. It advocates that scattering can take place at length scales much larger th...
1,941,325,218,484
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Searches for neutral resonances have historically brought major breakthroughs by either confirming important predictions or discovering unexpected particles. The 1974 discovery of the $J/\psi$ meson \cite{jpsi} as a $c\bar{c}$ bound state confirmed the GIM mechanism \cite{gim} for preventin...
1,941,325,218,485
arxiv
\section{\bf INTRODUCTION} The perovskite manganese oxides exhibit diversity in electronic, magnetic and structural transition. A notable feature of charge ordering (CO) resulting from the dominance of on-site coulomb interaction over the kinetic energy of the charge carriers \cite{shenoy1,shenoy2} has been observed f...
1,941,325,218,486
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum electrodynamics (QED) processes in atomic fields are of great interest from an experimental point of view, because the principles of detection of charged particles and photons at high energies are based on such processes. For example, bremsstrahlung and photoproduction of electron-positr...
1,941,325,218,487
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The axisymmetric Boussinesq system in three dimensions of space with zero diffusivity is a singular perturbation at level zero of the Navier-Stokes equations. Such system reads as follows \begin{equation}\label{B-mu} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \partial_{t}v+v\cdot\nabla v-\mu\Delta v+\nabla p=\r...