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1,941,325,218,488
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A \emph{translation surface} is a pair $(X, \omega)$, where $X$ is a Riemann surface and $\omega$ is a nonzero Abelian differential on $X$. If $\omega(p) = 0$ for $p \in X$, we say that $p$ is a \emph{zero} or \emph{singularity}. The \emph{order} of $p$ is the order of $p$ viewed as a zero of ...
1,941,325,218,489
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{secI} The internal quark structure of the nucleon can explain the experimental results for its electromagnetic form factors. For instance, in Ref. \cite{Nucleon,Gross08b}, we presented a successful description of the most recent results from Jlab for the proton elastic form factors \cite...
1,941,325,218,490
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An automatic sequence can be defined intuitively as a sequence of multi-index with values in a finite set, such that for a given integer $d \geq 2$, each term of such sequence can be computed by using the base $d$ expansion of the its index. The phenomena of automates can be explained by using t...
1,941,325,218,491
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Asteroids and comets are primordial bodies that formed in the earliest stage of the solar system. Their rotational states, shapes, and material reflect the collisions, disruptions, and chemical processes since then to the present. Some small solar system bodies exhibit behavior such as that shown...
1,941,325,218,492
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The aim of statistical mechanics is extracting thermodynamic properties from microscopic Hamiltonian. Some thermodynamic properties and macroscopic phenomena can be well described by taking the thermodynamic limit~\cite{Ruelle_text,Griffiths_review1972}. For example, therm...
1,941,325,218,493
arxiv
\section{Algorithms for Computing Injective Resolutions}\label{sec:algo} We describe two methods for constructing an injective resolution of a sheaf $F$ on a poset $\Pi$. \subsection{Injective Resolutions via the order complex}\label{sec:algo_non-inductive} We begin with a non-inductive construction of a (not nece...
1,941,325,218,494
arxiv
\section{Background} \label{sec:background} \subsection{Distributed Hash Tables ?} \textbf{Distributed key partitioning} Explain general idea and give a few examples (Chord, Pastry) ? Also, structured vs unstructured ? \textbf{Overlay network and routing} Explain general idea and give a few examples (Chord, Pastry...
1,941,325,218,495
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Understanding how information is stored, modified, and transmitted among the components of a complex system is fundamental to the sciences. Application domains where this would be particularly enlightening include gene regulatory networks~\cite{gates2016control}, neura...
1,941,325,218,496
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{T}{}he data rate requirements of wireless communications have increased rapidly with the explosive growth of mobile devices and seamless multimedia applications. Hence, the bandwidth available in the sub-6 \emph{Gigahertz} (GHz) and mmWave bands becomes tight, but as a remedy, the ...
1,941,325,218,497
arxiv
\section{introduction} Time reversal symmetry(TRS) is a general symmetry in various physical systems. In quantum mechanics, it has exceptionally deep consequences. In particular, the Kramer's degeneracy, i.e., double degeneracy of energy eigenvalues, for spin 1/2 particle system with TRS is well-known since the e...
1,941,325,218,498
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The time evolution of unstable states has been a perennial research subject in various branches of theoretical physics. The most recent problem which appears on the stage is the fate of unstable D-branes in string theory. Since A. Sen brought up this problem \cite{sen1}, called rolling tachyon...
1,941,325,218,499
arxiv
\section{} The Fermi Gamma-ray Observatory discovered about a thousand extragalactic sources emitting energy from 100 MeV to 100 GeV. The majority of these sources belong to the class of blazars characterized by a quasi-featureless optical spectrum (BL Lac Objects). This hampers the determination of their redshift and...
1,941,325,218,500
arxiv
\section{All models} \label{appendix_all_models} In the table below we present all models evaluated in the real world. Their respective performance can be found in Figures \ref{fig:leaderboard_all} and \ref{fig:leaderboard_all_detailed}. \pagebreak \section{Offline models evaluation} \label{appendix_offline} On ...
1,941,325,218,501
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{pp}[Coarse base change for modular curves] In the study of modular forms modulo a prime $p$, one often considers the $\mathbb{F}_p$-fiber $(X_H)_{\mathbb{F}_p}$ of the modular curve $X_H$ over $\mathbb{Z}$ for an open subgroup $H \subset \GL_2(\widehat{\mathbb{Z}})$. This $\mathbb{F}_p$-...
1,941,325,218,502
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \paragraph{Description of the main result.} This is the second part of the series, see \cite{KS-prob}, where we develop a new type of ``quiver description'' of the categories of perverse sheaves on certain configuration spaces. The ``quiver'' in our description is a block (direct summand) of th...
1,941,325,218,503
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let the circle act effectively on a compact symplectic manifold $(M,\omega)$ of dimension $2n$ with moment map $\phi\colon M\to\R$. The fixed point set $M^{S^1}$, which is the same as the critical set of $\phi$, contains at least two connected components --- the minimum and the maximum of $\ph...
1,941,325,218,504
arxiv
\section{#1}} \renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}} \def\,\slash\!\!\!\! \cT{\,\slash\!\!\!\! \cT} \def\slash\!\!\!\!D{\slash\!\!\!\!D} \setlength{\topmargin}{0.0in} \setlength{\evensidemargin}{0.00in} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.0in} \setlength{\textwidth}{7.0in} \setlength{\textheight}{8....
1,941,325,218,505
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Direct observations of sunspot numbers over 400 years, as well as proxy data for much longer timescales \citep{beer2000}, show that both the amplitude and the duration of the solar magnetic cycle vary from one cycle to the next. The importance of this phenomenon lies in the contribution of varyi...
1,941,325,218,506
arxiv
\section*{Supplementary Material} See the supplementary material for the memory window evolution during endurance cycling with different amplitudes for the S1 samples with different top electrode size and polarization-voltage characteristics for all samples. \begin{acknowledgments} This work was supported by the Russ...
1,941,325,218,507
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Motivation} It is well known that convex functions defined on subdomains of $\R^{n}$ are locally Lipschitz continuous and almost everywhere twice differentiable. Moreover, the celebrated maximum principle due to Aleksandrov provides a global regularity result for convex function...
1,941,325,218,508
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Definitions} \input{Intro} \section{Maximality} \input{MainSection} \bibliographystyle{spmpsci}
1,941,325,218,509
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \IEEEPARstart{R}{etinal} images are widely used by ophthalmologists or automated image analyzing systems as a non-invasive way to detect and monitor various eye and body diseases~\cite{abramoff2010retinal}, such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and hypertension. Unfortu...
1,941,325,218,510
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A simple random walker on a finite and connected graph starting from any vertex hits an arbitrary vertex in a finite time. This fact implies that if we consider a subset of the vertices of this graph as sinks, where the random walker is absorbed, then the survival probability of the random walk ...
1,941,325,218,511
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We are interested in the amount of randomization that is needed in action selection mechanisms in order to maximize the expected value of a long term reward, depending on the uncertainty of the acting agent about the system state. It is known that in a Markov Decision Process (MDP), the optima...
1,941,325,218,512
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Several modifications of general relativity (GR) have been considered in recent years that involve nonluminal gravitational wave propagation. Depending on the theory, and on the choice of its parameters, these nonluminal waves can propagate faster or slower than light. Examples of such theories a...
1,941,325,218,513
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Lane-changing models are a vital component in autonomous driving simulation tools, which are extensively used and playing an increasingly important role in behaviour studies. With the rise of autonomous driving research, the demand for establishing car behaviour model in simulators \cite{dosovits...
1,941,325,218,514
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Gravitational waves (GW) emitted by merging black holes are identified in the LIGO and Virgo data through the use of search analysis pipelines, which use the known waveform morphology to identify weak signals in the data \citep{O1:BBH, gw170104, GW170608, GW170814}. The obser...
1,941,325,218,515
arxiv
\section{Supplementary Material} \subsection{I. Details on the orthogonal block diagonalising states creation.} A Young tableaux is a diagram composed of a collection of left-flushed boxes containing numbers which are strongly increasing down each column and across each row, and every consecutive row having a weakly ...
1,941,325,218,516
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \noindent Systems of coupled oscillations are largely studied on account of their wide possibility of application in many significant branches (mechanics, medical and byological sciences, ...). The corresponding mathematical problem is in no way easy to handle when all the effects are overlapp...
1,941,325,218,517
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A recent result of Totaro \cite{T} shows that for any prime $\ell$ the Chow group mod $\ell$ of a very general Abelian threefold is infinite, generalizing a result of Rosenschon and Srinivas in \cite{RS}. Our goal will be to prove the following analgous result, which extends work of Schoen in \ci...
1,941,325,218,518
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s0} In his celebrated 1988 paper \cite{Adams88}, Adams extends the Moser inequality in \cite{Mos} from the first order to the higher order gradients in the Euclidean space $\rr^{n\ge 2}$ - given the gradient $$\nabla=(\partial_{x_1},...,\partial_{x_n})$$ and the Laplacian $$ \Delta=\su...
1,941,325,218,519
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We address the task of pixel-level hand detection using first person wearable cameras. From the perspective of human activity understanding, pixel-level detection of hand and arm regions is an important sub-task for higher levels of human activity understanding using a wearable camera. The exact ...
1,941,325,218,520
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Given a graph $H$, let $f(n,H)$ be the maximum number of edges not contained in any monochromatic copy of $H$ in a 2-edge-coloring of the complete graph $K_n$, and let $ex(n,H)$ be the {\it Tur\'an number} of $H$, i.e., the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $H$-free graph. The problem ...
1,941,325,218,521
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Topological insulators (superconductors) have been attracting a lot of interest both theoretically and experimentally. Similar to trivial insulators, they have a band gap in the bulk. The striking feature that distinguishes topological insulators (superconductors) from trivial ones is that the...
1,941,325,218,522
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Let $P$ be a poset. If it has the least element $0$, then a pseudocomplement of an element $a$ is, by definition, the greatest element $u$ disjoint with $x$, i.e., such that $0$ is the single lower bound of $u$ and $a$. If every element of $P$ has a pseudocomplement, the poset is...
1,941,325,218,523
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In paper \cite{sh1} a new geometry called General Geometry is formulated and it is shown that its the most simplest case is geometry underlying electromagnetism. However, relation between quantities defining geometry $F^\sigma\-_\lambda$ and the length of a curve $A_\mu$ was assumed. Next, in pa...
1,941,325,218,524
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The advent of graphene and other 2D materials has significantly increased the number of optically accessible, two-dimensional electron systems that exhibit the quantum Hall effect. \cite{Novoselov05,Zhang05,Fallahazad16,Li16} These materials can be engineered into devices with nearly atomic scal...
1,941,325,218,525
arxiv
\subsubsection*{\bibname}} \begin{document} \runningtitle{Nonstationary multi-output Gaussian processes via harmonizable spectral mixtures} \twocolumn[ \aistatstitle{Nonstationary multi-output Gaussian processes\\ via harmonizable spectral mixtures} \aistatsauthor{ Matías Altamirano \And Felipe Tobar} \aistatsa...
1,941,325,218,526
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In order to understand the formation, evolution, and quenching of galaxies, we must understand the gas that surrounds them: the circumgalactic medium (CGM). This is because, first, accretion of gas from the CGM fuels star formation in star-forming galaxies. Without the additional gas supply, st...
1,941,325,218,527
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \vspace{-0.2cm} What distinguishes an extrasolar giant planet (EGP) from a brown dwarf (BD) is still a matter of debate. The current IAU definition of a planet is an object that is below the mass required for thermonuclear fusion of deuterium, which we currently believe occurs at 13 Jupiter mass...
1,941,325,218,528
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It has recently become evident from high accuracy radial velocity (RV) measurements that late-type (G and K) giant stars are RV variables (see e.g. Hatzes \& Cochran 1993, 1994; Setiawan et al. 2003, 2004). These variations occur on two greatly different timescales: short term variability with p...
1,941,325,218,529
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Our goal is to approximately solve an optimization problem of the form: \begin{equation} \label{eqn:rankMin} \min_{A : \mathrm{rank}(A) \le r} R(A) ~, \end{equation} where $R: \mathbb{R}^{m \times n} \to \mathbb{R}$ is a convex and smooth function. This problem arises in many machine learning ap...
1,941,325,218,530
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction} SIM will be the first instrument to use astrometry to detect and characterize terrestrial planets. The ability to make these detections depends on the performance of the instrument, the details of the observing scenarios, and the analysis of the astrometric data. This pape...
1,941,325,218,531
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The nature of black hole (BH) event horizon is a focus of new frontiers of physics. The stringy paradigm of BHs predicts a little exotic nature of BH event horizon, which may appear as a modified boundary condition for perturbations around a BH spacetime~\cite{Skenderis:2008qn,Almheiri:2012rt}...
1,941,325,218,532
arxiv
1,941,325,218,533
arxiv
\section*{Abstract}\label{sec:abs} We design dynamic routing policies for an overlay network which meet delay requirements of real-time traffic being served on top of an underlying legacy network, where the overlay nodes do not know the underlay characteristics. We pose the problem as a constrained MDP, and show that w...
1,941,325,218,534
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION \& RELATED WORK} Lidar has been one of the most anticipated sensors in recent years. It emits light pulse with unique identity, and correlates the light bouncing off the surface with the original signal. The depth information to the object can be measured in three ways, the time of flight(ToF) mea...
1,941,325,218,535
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Models with statistical interactions can be used to describe a variety of interesting systems. In particular, quasiparticles in the Fractional Quantum Hall effect, as well as other fractionalized phases of spins and bosons, have such interactions.\cite{Read1989,Kitaev2003,SenthilFisher_Z2,Stern2...
1,941,325,218,536
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Single and multilayered boron nitride are $sp^2$ bonded boron and nitrogen atoms arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice arranged in ABAB stacking in multilayered and bulk materials. In spite of the fact that they are isomorphic to the multilayered graphene and graphite with similar lattice con...
1,941,325,218,537
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A whole-sky map contains significant amount of foreground emission from astrophysical sources. Hence, the ability to clean foreground contamination in CMB data is of the utmost importance for CMB observations. In the WMAP observation, foreground were cleaned by two different methods \citep{WMAP:...
1,941,325,218,538
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} We are grateful to Nima Arkani-Hamed, Chris Kolda, and Hitoshi Murayama for useful discussions. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC03-76SF00098 and in part by the National Science Foundation under grant PHY-95-14797. C.C. is a research fello...
1,941,325,218,539
arxiv
\section{Introduction and model} One interesting topic which arises in the study of biologically motivated neural systems is how dynamical processes affecting the synapses in different time scales can influence the collective behaviour of large neural assemblies. A well known example is the slow change in the synaptic ...
1,941,325,218,540
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Specht modules are of fundamental importance in the study of reflection groups and their deformations. We are particularly interested in the Iwahori--Hecke algebras of types $A$ and $B$. In type $B$, these Hecke algebras have been studied from the point of view of their decomposition numbers~\c...
1,941,325,218,541
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The minimum intensity of light for triggering visual experience has been a research topic for over a century. However, due to technological deficiencies, a reliable answer was not given until recent years. The earliest academic record investigating this question dates back to 1889 by Langley~\cit...
1,941,325,218,542
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The combined MAXIMA-1 \cite{MAXIMA1},\cite{MAXIMA2},\cite{MAXIMA3}, BOOMERANG \cite{BOOMERANG1},\cite{BOOMERANG2} DASI \cite{DASI02} and COBE/DMR Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations \cite{COBE} imply that the Universe is flat \cite{flat01} and that most of the matter in the Un...
1,941,325,218,543
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Introduction} In the past few years, 6d \Nequals{(2,0)} superconformal theories have been used effectively as a way to organize and understand various features of lower dimensional supersymmetric dynamics. We might hope that similar development with 6d \Nequals{(1,0)} theories is not enti...
1,941,325,218,544
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The aim of this paper is to give a new characterization of Sobolev-Slobodeckij spaces $W^{1+s,p}$ for $n/p<1+s$, where $n$ is the dimension of the domain. To achieve this we introduce a family of curvature energies inspired by the classical concept of integral Menger curvature. Their purpose is ...
1,941,325,218,545
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The financial market, an ecosystem that involves over $90$ trillion\footnote{https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/CM.MKT.LCAP.CD/} market capitals globally in 2020, attracts the attention of hundreds of millions of investors to pursue desirable financial assets and achieve investment goals. Recen...
1,941,325,218,546
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} A geometrically thin, optically thick accretion disk is unstable to self-induced warping when illuminated by a sufficiently strong central radiation source (Pringle 1996; Maloney, Begelman \& Pringle 1996; see also Petterson 1977). For a steady accretion disk, generating luminosity with an effici...
1,941,325,218,547
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently several string actions which naturally describe curved space-times with singularities have been obtained from WZWN models. Following the coset construction \cite{witten,HH,bars}, in Ref.~\cite{ch} we analyzed a particular WZWN action in the Poincar\'e $ISO(2,1)$ group. \par In a recent p...
1,941,325,218,548
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Emerging highly distributed networked dynamical systems, such as critical infrastructure for power, water, and transportation, are high-dimensional and increasingly instrumented with new sensing, actuation, and communication technologies. A key problem is to design high performance control archit...
1,941,325,218,549
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The \emph{complexity} of a natural number $n$ is the least number of $1$'s needed to write it using any combination of addition and multiplication, with the order of the operations specified using parentheses grouped in any legal nesting. For instance, $n=11$ has a complexity of ...
1,941,325,218,550
arxiv
\section*{\contentsname} \@starttoc{toc}% } \makeatother \begin{document} \title[LogCFTs as limits of ordinary CFTs]{Logarithmic conformal field theories as limits of ordinary CFTs and some physical applications} \author{John Cardy$^{1,2}$} \address{$^1$Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, 1 Keble ...
1,941,325,218,551
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Understanding the evolution and maintenance of ecological diversity is a fundamental objective of ecological research. While the basic mechanisms of evolution have largely remained unchallenged since Darwin's foundational work, assessing the relative importance of different mechanisms known or...
1,941,325,218,552
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} In late 90's two consecutive papers by G. Takeuti and Y. Yasumoto \cite{ty}, \cite{ty2} were published. These papers aimed at applying Boolean valued model constructions for bounded arithmetic and relating them to separation problems of complexity classes. Prior to thei...
1,941,325,218,553
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The recent experiments on the angular resolved photoemission for one-dimensional (1D) correlated electron systems\cite{ex1,ex2,ex3,ex4,ex5,ex6,ex7} have revealed some striking properties inherent in 1D systems, such as the spin-charge separation. In particular, the photoemission experiment...
1,941,325,218,554
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Visualizing structural changes of molecules in reactions in real time has been a long-standing dream in chemical physics, physical chemistry, and biochemistry~\cite{ Zewail2014, Miller2014}. \hatada{In particular, seeing structural changes of photoexcited free molecules is of fundamental intere...
1,941,325,218,555
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Despite decades of research, video understanding still challenges computer vision. The reasons for this are many, and include the hurdles of collecting, labeling and processing video data, which is typically much larger yet less abundant than images. Another reason is the inherent ambiguity of ac...
1,941,325,218,556
arxiv
\section*{} In 1956 an article by Ernest Nagel and James R. Newman entitled ``G\"odel's proof'' was published in \emph{Scientific American,} and in 1958 an expanded version of this article was published as a book with the same title. This is a wonderful book, and it's still in print. At the time of its original ...
1,941,325,218,557
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since the turn of the millennium, there has been a dramatic increase in the number and precision of new cosmological observations. Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation have achieved extraordinary precision for the parameters of the standard cosmological model --- ...
1,941,325,218,558
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} We thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. This work is supported in part by NSF grants CRII-1755646, CRII-1755769, OAC-1835821, CNS-1813487 and CCF-1918757, a Google Faculty Research Award, and an AWS Machine Learning Research Award. \section{Conclusion and Future...
1,941,325,218,559
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recent advances in energy harvesting devices allow wireless sensor networks to operate in a self-powered fashion for extended periods of time. However, due to size of sensors and low ambient energy sources, harvested energy from environment is low \cite{winston}. Hence, efficient utilization of ...
1,941,325,218,560
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{The million- to billion-line radiative transfer challenge} Measuring the spectra of exoplanetary atmospheres gives us a window into their thermal structure and chemical compositions \citep{brown01,burrows01,char09,sd10,madhu14,hs15}. A crucial bridge between observation and inferen...
1,941,325,218,561
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{T}{his} demo file is intended to serve as a ``starter file'' for IEEE Computer Society journal papers produced under \LaTeX\ using IEEEtran.cls version 1.7 and later. I wish you the best of success. \hfill mds \hfill January 11, 2007 \subsection{Subsection Headin...
1,941,325,218,562
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Supervised learning is the most commonly applied form of machine learning. It works in two stages. During the training stage, the algorithm extracts patterns from the training dataset that contains pairs of samples and labels and converts these patterns into a mathematical representation called a...
1,941,325,218,563
arxiv
\chapter[X-Ray Polarimetry]{X-Ray Polarimetry}\label{ch_xraypolarimetry} \author[P. Kaaret]{Philip Kaaret} \address{Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa \\ Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA \\ philip-kaaret@uiowa.edu} \begin{abstract} We review the basic principles of X-ray polar...
1,941,325,218,564
arxiv
\section{Representations of Quantum Processes and Properties} The finite time open dynamics of a quantum system is described by a quantum process (or operation) represented by a map, $\mathcal{E}: \rho \to \mathcal{E}(\rho)$. Since quantum operations take density matrices to density matrices, the map, in general, has ...
1,941,325,218,565
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} \noindent We express our gratitude to our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC. We thank the technical and administrative staff at the LHCb institutes. We acknowledge support from CERN and from the national agencies: CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ and ...
1,941,325,218,566
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The discovery of graphene \cite{Geim2007} and more broadly of atomically thin materials has triggered a wealth of research in optoelectronics \cite{Koppens2014}, plasmonics \cite{Fei2012}, telecommunications \cite{Mueller2010}, solar energy harvesting \cite{Pospischil2014} and sensing \cite{Kim2...
1,941,325,218,567
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \emph{Selfies} (photos of one self, typically captured with smartphone or webcams) have become very popular on social media platforms, particularly on Instagram\footnote{\url{https://www.instagram.com/}}, Snapchat\footnote{\url{https://www.snapchat.com/}} and TikTok.\footnote{\u...
1,941,325,218,568
arxiv
\section{Introduction} WebAssembly\xspace is the fourth official language of the Web \cite{WebAssemblyCoreSpecification}. The language provides low-level constructs enabling efficient execution times, much closer to native code than JavaScript. It constitutes a fast and safe platform to execute programs in the browser ...
1,941,325,218,569
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{H}{uman} Presence-aware Systems (HPSs) are rapidly growing as new services become available in various areas of modern life \cite{Petrov-2019} such as assisted living, ambient intelligence, smart spaces, home automation, human-robot collaboration, s...
1,941,325,218,570
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Lorentz and CPT symmetries, are certainly among the more important symmetries of nature (see f.e. \cite{Kostel}). However, motivated by the fact that spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry may arise in the context of string theory \cite{Kos01}, the possibility of Lorentz symmetry brea...
1,941,325,218,571
arxiv
\section{Introduction } Very young, deeply embedded protostars with a stellar mass still smaller than the envelope mass are in the phase of heavy accretion, building up their final mass. The details of how these Class 0 protostars obtain their mass remain poorly understood, even though this phase is crucial for the su...
1,941,325,218,572
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $G$ be a finite group scheme over a field $k$ of positive characteristic. There is a notion of $\pi$-cosupport~\cite{Benson/Iyengar/Krause/Pevtsova:2015a} for any $G$-module $M$, based on the notion of $\pi$-points of $G$ introduced by Friedlander and the fourth author~\cite{Friedlander/Pevt...
1,941,325,218,573
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The {\em risk premium} or {\em market price of risk} is one of main concepts in mathematical finance. The risk premium is a measure of the trade-offs investors make between return and risk and is defined by the excess return relative to the risk-free interest rate earned from ...
1,941,325,218,574
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Given two measure spaces $(X,\Sigma_{X}, \mu)$ and $(Y,\Sigma_{Y}, \nu)$ we consider a general set transformation ${\cal R}: \Sigma_{X}\rightarrow \Sigma_{Y}$. We denote by $f_{\cal R}^*$ the rearrangement of a $\mu-$measurable function $f$ with respect the transformation $\cal R$ by means of...
1,941,325,218,575
arxiv
\subsection{Structural characterization upon heating and melting} We first studied the evolution in structure of ZIF-4, which is composed of Zn(Im)$_4$ tetrahedra linked by Zn--N coordinative bonds (Figures~1a,b), and forms a three dimensional, crystalline network containing a maximum cavity diameter of 4.9\,{\AA} (Fi...
1,941,325,218,576
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Graphene, a monolayer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice with $C_{3v}\otimes Z_2$ symmetry \cite{Wallace_47}, possesses an electronic spectrum that displays two non-equivalent points $K_{+},\,K_{-}$ where the conduction and valence bands touch, and in whose vicinity the dispersion re...
1,941,325,218,577
arxiv
\section{Evaluation on Source Tasks} \label{sec:eval_src_tasks} In this section, we discuss the performance of the shared-private multi-task learning (MTL) frameworks on different combinations of QQP, SNLI and MNLI datasets as the {\em source tasks}. We concatenate the representations generated by the shared and privat...
1,941,325,218,578
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgement} The authors are pleased to acknowledge the support from TRIUMF to provide a stable beam during the experiment. Special thanks go to R. Henderson, R. Openshaw, G. Sheffer, and M. Goyette from the TRIUMF Detector Facility. We also thank D. Arseneau, G. Morris, B. Hitti, R. Abasalti, and D. Vya...
1,941,325,218,579
arxiv
\section*{Appendix} \section*{Acknowledgments} This work is funded by the European Research Council (ERC) through the ERC-2017-STG BigEarth Project under Grant 759764 and by the German Ministry for Education and Research as BIFOLD - Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data (01IS18025A). The authors wo...
1,941,325,218,580
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The {\it Chandra} and the {\it XMM-Newton} satellites are currently providing a wealth of x-ray spectra on many astronomical objects. There is a serious lack of adequate atomic data, particularly in the K-shell energy range, needed for the interpretation of these spectra. Spectroscopy in the ...
1,941,325,218,581
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Barnette's conjecture is a long standing unsolved problem in mathematics proposed by David W. Barnette in 1969. The conjecture states: \begin{conjecture}\label{barcon} Every $3$-regular, $3$-connected planar bipartite graph is Hamiltonian. We will henceforth use the term Barnette graphs to refer ...
1,941,325,218,582
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Understanding the flow dynamics of atmospheres is crucial for characterizing extrasolar planets. Dynamics strongly influence the temperature distribution as well as the spectral behavior. An essential tool for studying dynamics on the large-scale is a global hydrodynamics model. Many studies h...
1,941,325,218,583
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The purpose of this document is to prepare the reader for the tutorial sessions on the forthcoming CERN Accelerator School (CAS), where basic methods for beam optics calculations will be illustrated with the help of Octave\cite{OCTAVE}, MATLAB~\cite{MATLAB}, or Python~\cite{PYTHON}. At the scho...
1,941,325,218,584
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The most important difference between mm and cm interferometry is the effect of the troposphere at mm wavelengths. The optical depth of the troposphere becomes significant below 1 cm, leading to increased system temperatures due to atmospheric emission, and increased demands on gain calibration ...
1,941,325,218,585
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are sources of powerful collimated jets containing high-energy particles possibly including electrons and protons, and are believed to exist in environments typically hosting large densities of Dark Matter (DM), such as the center of massive elliptical galaxies. Ref.~...
1,941,325,218,586
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Autonomous driving has been the object of great research efforts in the last decades. Human errors are a prominent cause of road accidents and fatalities. Road congestion causes inefficiency in daily commutes and other aspects of road transportation. A transportation system that is less relia...
1,941,325,218,587
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quasi-linear systems of conservation laws can be symmetrized, if they admit an additional \emph{convex} conservation law (Godunov, 1961, Friedrichs and Lax, 1971). The symmetric form implies hyperbolicity of governing equations. For conservation laws with vanishing right-hand side, the hyperboli...