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1,314,259,993,363 | arxiv | \section{\bf Magnetic Dissipation Spectra }
As it follows from Figure \ref{fig2}{\it a}, the majority of ARs
(especially those of high flare activity) display energy spectra steeper than
the Kolmogorov-type spectrum. To infer a physical meaning of this result,
we will analyze the magnetic energy dissipation rates and ... |
1,314,259,993,364 | arxiv | \section{Technical details of SM-FRG}
Consider the interaction hamiltonian $H_I=(1/2)c_{1\sigma}^\dagger c_{2\sigma'}^\dagger V_{1234} c_{3\sigma'} c_{4\sigma}$. Here the numerical index labels momentum/position, and we leave implicit the momentum conservation/translation symmetry. The spin SU(2) symmetry is guarantee... |
1,314,259,993,365 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Constructing lattice squares in the integer lattice $\mathbb Z^2$ is easy as we can take a vector and its image under a $90$ degree rotation. The analogous problem in dimension three is to find lattice cubes in $\mathbb Z^3$. Although there are axis-parallel lattice cubes, still many other cons... |
1,314,259,993,366 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1}First-level heading}
{\em \bf Introduction:} Whether there exist a consistent extension of General Relativity
by a mass term is a basic question of a classical field theory. A small graviton
mass could also be of a significant physical interest,
notably for the cosmological constant probl... |
1,314,259,993,367 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Computational methods are rapidly emerging as an essential tool to understand and solve complex engineering problems complementing the traditional means of experimentation and theory. Richard Feynman's statement \cite{feynman1982simulating} ``with a suitable class of quantum machines you could ... |
1,314,259,993,368 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:intro}}
The intra-cluster medium is magnetised. Direct evidence for
cluster-wide magnetic fields are the large-scale diffuse radio sources
of synchrotron origin. There is growing evidence that these fields are
of the order of $\sim \mu$G and are ordered on kiloparsec scales
\citep[see e.... |
1,314,259,993,369 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The last decade has been fruitful in terms of high energy astronomy. More than 80 gamma rays sources have been found to emit in the TeV range~\cite{catalog}, thanks to Imaging Atmospheric \v{C}erenkov Telescopes (IACTs) such as \textsc{Cangaroo}, \textsc{HEGRA}, H.E.S.S, \textsc{Magic} or \textsc... |
1,314,259,993,370 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Let $X=(M,J)$ a compact complex manifold regarded as a differentiable manifold together with an integrable almost complex structure. Then it is natural to ask which other complex structures can be obtained by deforming the given complex structure $J$. In general this question is difficult to a... |
1,314,259,993,371 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the last years, magnetic fields have been detected in a significant number of local dwarf galaxies. This includes prominent examples such as the Large Magellanic Cloud \citep[LMC, ][]{Gaensler05}, the Small Magellanic Cloud \citep[SMC, ][]{Mao08}, and many additional examples such as NGC~444... |
1,314,259,993,372 | arxiv | \section*{ABSTRACT}
The $k$-center problem is a fundamental problem we often face when considering
complex service systems. Typical challenges include the placement of warehouses
in logistics or positioning of servers for content delivery networks. We
previously have proposed \emph{Dragoon} as an effective algorith... |
1,314,259,993,373 | arxiv | \section{\label{}}
\section{Introduction}
Stars in nature are usually rotating and may be subject to non-axisymmetric
rotational instabilities. An exact treatment of these instabilities exists
only for incompressible equilibrium fluids in Newtonian gravity, e.g.
\cite{Chandra69,Tassoul}. For these configurations,... |
1,314,259,993,374 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The aim of this work is to find out what affine quantization does to a classical
field-theory. The simplest such theory is a free real scalar field of mass $m$. In that
case, the spectrum of physical states obtained with canonical quantization is known:
states contain... |
1,314,259,993,375 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, there has been much theoretical interest in the possibility of using an adiabatic quantum optimization technique to solve NP-complete and NP-hard problems \cite{bapst, dickson2011}. This is due to the following trick: suppose we have a quantum Hamiltonian $H_{\mathrm{P}}$ whose grou... |
1,314,259,993,376 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{par:intro}
The optical-UV spectra of Seyfert~1 galaxies and quasars is characterized by strong and broad emission lines, which are believed to be produced by gas
photoionized by the central source. The broad line region (BLR) gas has been initially proposed to be in the form of a set of clo... |
1,314,259,993,377 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The experimental data suggests that the see-saw scale is much lower than
the Planck scale or even the GUT scale. It is therefore natural to think
the scale is related to the breaking of some symmetry.
The simplest symmetry is the $B-L$ symmetry.
In principle, the $B-L$ symmetry can be a global... |
1,314,259,993,378 | arxiv | \@startsection{section}{1}{\z@{Introduction}
Starburst galaxies are spirals (sometimes barred) in which gas is converted to stars at
rates that could not be sustained over typical galaxy lifetimes.
Such a phase is thought to represent a significant, if relatively brief,
stage in galactic evolution lasting about 10$^... |
1,314,259,993,379 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Sigma terms are referred to as the quark contributions to the mass of a given baryon. They consist of matrix elements of a scalar current $J$ times a quark mass such that
\begin{align}
\sigma_{qB} = m_q \langle B| J |B \rangle
\label{eq:sigma_term}
\end{align}
where $m_q$ denotes the quark mass ... |
1,314,259,993,380 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
In 1963, Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer \cite{BSD} carried out a seminal study of the moduli space of genus one curves equipped with degree 2 line bundles, in terms of the orbits of the action of $\mathrm{GL}_2$ on the space $\Sym^4(2)$ of binary quartic forms. This orbit space par... |
1,314,259,993,381 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The mobility of a single spherical particle immersed in a solvent determines
the velocity of the particle in response to an applied external force. For
small Reynolds numbers Stokes' law yields the famous expression
$\mu_0^{-1}=3\pi\eta a$ in terms of the sphere diameter $a$ and the solvent
visc... |
1,314,259,993,382 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The new generation large area survey programs have contributed with their invaluable data to discover
new supernovae (SNe). In order to detect such transients, two different strategies are typically applied.
First is the pointed survey approach where a fixed catalogue of galaxies are independe... |
1,314,259,993,383 | arxiv | \subsection*{\bf WIMP-nucleus scattering}
Since the relative speed $v\approx 300 \mbox{km/s} \approx 10^{-3} c$,
the process can be treated non-relativistically. The center of mass
momentum is given in terms of the reduced WIMP-nucleus mass as $ k =
\mu_i v $ and is $ \mathrel{\rlap{\raise 2pt \hbox{$<$} A_i \, {\rm M... |
1,314,259,993,384 | arxiv | \section{\setcounter{equation}{0}\oldsection}
\renewcommand\thesection{\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\newtheorem{claim}{\indent Claim}[section]
\newtheorem{theorem}{\indent Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{lemma}{\indent Lemma}[section]
\newtheorem{proposition}{\indent Proposit... |
1,314,259,993,385 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Intro}
This paper presents a factor ordering of the canonically quantized
Yang-Mills Hamiltonian operator, and a corresponding gauge-invariant
candidate ground state in what might be called the Schr\"{o}dinger
representation. \ As usual in a canonically quantized gauge theory, the
``posit... |
1,314,259,993,386 | arxiv | \section{The goals of the survey}
Cosmology is undergoing a {\it fin-de-millennium} flowering brought on by
the hothouse of recent technological progress. Cosmography, one of the
roots of cosmology, is thriving too---maps of the distribution of
luminous objects are covering larger volumes, reaching higher redshifts
an... |
1,314,259,993,387 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction}
Multigrid methods are especially well-known for their efficiency in solving linear systems arising from the discretization of partial differential equations (PDEs) \cite{Bra77,Bra82,BHM00,RDF06,Hac85,TOS01,Yav06}. Over many years, multigrid methods have been developed an... |
1,314,259,993,388 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Non-adiabatic coupling vectors (NACVs) play an important role in photochemistry. They describe the coupling between Born-Oppenheimer surfaces due to the nuclear kinetic energy and allow transitions between electronic states in the absence of radiation \cite{baer_book}. They are a vital ingredient... |
1,314,259,993,389 | arxiv | \section{Introduction }
When a small temperature gradient exists between two boundaries of
a material, it is expected that heat will be transported through
the material, which usually obeys the Fourier's law of conduction
($\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rightharpoonup$}}\over
{j}} = - \kappa \n... |
1,314,259,993,390 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Petri nets can be used to model systems and processes.
Many properties have been defined for Petri nets
that describe desirable characteristics of the modeled system or process \cite{lopn1,structure-theory-ToPNoC-advanced-course2010,murata}.
Examples include
deadlock-freeness ... |
1,314,259,993,391 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{Intro}
\defcitealias{Schlafly2014}{Schlafly et al.}
The archetypal giant molecular cloud (GMC) Orion\,A is the most active star-forming region in the local neighborhood, having spawned $\sim$3,000 young stellar objects (YSOs) in the last few million years \citep[e.g.,][]{Megeath2012, Fur... |
1,314,259,993,392 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Summary}
{\bf A) Generating functions of power sums and powers. Generalized Stirling2 and Eulerian numbers}.
\par\smallskip
Finite sums of non-negative powers of positive integers have been studied by many authors. See {\sl Edwards}, \cite {Edwards1}, \cite {Edwards2} and {\sl Knuth} \cite{... |
1,314,259,993,393 | arxiv | \section{Belle II Analysis Software Framework}
\label{sec:basf2}
\subsection{Code Structure}
\input{code}
\subsection{Basf2 Development Infrastructure and Procedures}
\input{development}
\subsection{Modules, Parameters, and Paths}
\input{modules}
\subsection{Data Store and I/O}
\input{datastore}
\subsection{Event D... |
1,314,259,993,394 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Terahertz (THz) wireless is an upcoming technology to provide new spectrum resources for future communication systems. The availability of contiguous high bandwidth transmissions in the THz spectrum can be potential for wireless backhaul/fronthaul technology \cite{Koe... |
1,314,259,993,395 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{section1}
Driven by many use cases, such as Internet of Things, massive machine-type communication (mMTC) has been regarded as a necessary service in future wireless networks \cite{wuyp}.
It aims to achieve the communication between massive user equipments (UEs) and the base station ... |
1,314,259,993,396 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Feynman diagrammatic technique is a powerful tool of statistical mechanics. Among the hallmarks of the method are the ability to deal---both analytically and numerically---with the thermodynamic limit rather than a finite-size cluster, the possibility of partial summations up to infinite order,... |
1,314,259,993,397 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ultracold dipolar gases have been attracting great attention in recent years. In these systems, long-range anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction gives rise to a plethora of
novel effects which makes them useful for various applications in quantum simulation~\cite{baranov2012condensed}. Different ... |
1,314,259,993,398 | arxiv | \section{Spatial perception}
\label{sec:sensory_perception}
The equipment on board \ac{uav} platforms within our research group is modular and replaceable to support a wide spectrum of research areas~\cite{hert2022hardware}.
In the proposed system for agile subterranean navigation, however, the aerial platform is fixe... |
1,314,259,993,399 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Persistent currents (PC) in normal and superconducting meso- and nanorings
is a fundamental ground state property of such systems. The basic physical reason
behind the existence of PC is quantum coherence of electron wave functions
which may survive at long distances provided the temperatur... |
1,314,259,993,400 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An {\it almost K{\"a}hler structure} on a manifold $M^{2n}$ is an
almost Hermitian structure
$(g, J, \Omega)$ with a closed, and
therefore symplectic fundamental 2-form $\Omega$.
If additionally the almost complex structure $J$
is integrable, then $(g, J, \Omega)$ is a K{\"a}hler structure.
Almos... |
1,314,259,993,401 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:1}
The angular and spectral dependence of coma polarization are signatures of the size, composition and structure of coma grains \cite{hanner02, hadamcik03c, kolokolova04}. The degree of polarization typically increases with wavelength, called a red polarimetric color for the dus... |
1,314,259,993,402 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The mission of natural language processing (NLP) as a computational research field is to enable machines to function in human-oriented environments where language is the medium of communication.
We want them to understand our utterances, to connect these utterances with the objects... |
1,314,259,993,403 | arxiv |
\section{Linear Problem}\label{supp:SectionLinearProblem}
In this section we provide equations of motion for the short range network. For convenience reasons we will use a bra-ket notation which slightly differs from the main text. Due to the nature of the evolution it is more convenient to represent the vector $\vec... |
1,314,259,993,404 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Turbulence subjected to rotation is a commonly occurring phenomenon
in geophysical and astrophysical flows, such as those in the
oceans and atmospheres of planetary bodies.
The effects of rotation on decaying homogeneous
turbulence is typically studied by considering either an iso... |
1,314,259,993,405 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Most theoretical work on the switching of STT-MRAM\cite{MRAM} has used the single-macrospin model\cite{chap}\cite{ButlerEtal}. This is adequate for very small elements in which the exchange interaction keeps the local magnetizations parallel, but when the volume $V$ is small, the stability para... |
1,314,259,993,406 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) units are very effective when working on sequential data \cite{hochreiter1997long, gers1999learning}. For some Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, we often need to find a distributed representation of phrases and sentences \cite{le2014distributed, lin2017structu... |
1,314,259,993,407 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The Gross-Neveu (GN) model \cite{gn} is a quantum field theory in $d=2$
spacetime dimensions with an $N$-component massless fermion $\psi_j$,
$j=1,...,N$, defined by the path integral
\begin{equation}
Z = \int \prod_x [{\cal D}\psi][{\cal D}\bar\psi] \,
e^{i\int d^2x \, {\cal L}} ... |
1,314,259,993,408 | arxiv |
\subsection{Comparing Hundreds of Models}
\label{sxn:all_cv_models}
We have performed a large-scale analysis of hundreds of publicly-available models.
This broader analysis is on a much larger set of CV and NLP models, with a more diverse set of architectures, that have been developed for a wider range of tasks; and... |
1,314,259,993,409 | arxiv | \section{An Introduction}
Evolution of a nonrelativistic quantum system from a given initial state to
the final state is governed by the (time-dependent) Schr\"{o}dinger
equation. Unfortunately, its explicit solutions are available only for the
simplest Hamiltonians and, in general, one has to rely on a variety o... |
1,314,259,993,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{figures/morph}
\caption{Example of annotation disagreement in UD between two languages on translations of one phrase, reproduced from \citet{malaviya2018neural}. The final word in each, \form{\emph{refrescante}}, is not inflected for gender: It h... |
1,314,259,993,411 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The electrical grid is one of the major engineering achievements
of the 20th century. Typically, it involves high voltage transmission
lines connecting large generators and power sub-stations. The
distribution network starts at the sub-station and delivers the
energy to the end user.
The grid ... |
1,314,259,993,412 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Recent innovations to lasso-type algorithms \citep{efronall04, friedman2007pathwise, friedman2010regularization} have largely addressed selection of redundant variables, rejection of informative variables, and poor performance under high multicollinearity in high dimensional ($p>n$) and large s... |
1,314,259,993,413 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The CERN LHC has provided sufficient data to probe a large variety of theories beyond the standard model (SM).
Among these, theories based on supersymmetry (SUSY)~\cite{Wess,Golfand,Volkov,Chamseddine,Kane,Fayet,Barbieri,Hall,Ramond}, which predict the existence of a sp... |
1,314,259,993,414 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Online communities provide us with the means to study what people are interested in and talking about.
This includes political engagement~\cite{agarwal2019tweeting}, sports discussions~\cite{yu2015world} and general news~\cite{kwak2010twitter}.
However, these communities do not exist in isolatio... |
1,314,259,993,415 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Interstellar dust is manifest at nearly all wavelengths of astronomical interest, scattering, absorbing, and emitting radiation from X-ray to radio wavelengths. Embedded in this diversity of phenomena are clues to the nature of interstellar grains---their size, shape, composition, and optical pro... |
1,314,259,993,416 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The study of the behaviour of hadronic matter in the density-temperature, $(\rho, T)$, diagram allows to have a deeper understanding of matter under extreme conditions. In this context, the high density, low temperature limit can be addressed for a fermion system using the Landau F... |
1,314,259,993,417 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
\IEEEPARstart{T}he ever increasing demand for higher data rates in wireline communication links imposes the use in sophisticated digital equalization techniques, usually implemented at the receiver side \cite{adc_mot3}. Those, require using high-speed front-end ADCs for proper a... |
1,314,259,993,418 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\hspace{4mm} We consider the problem of computing the top $k$ eigenvectors of a symmetric and positive semi-definite matrix $A \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$, which has many applications in numerical linear algebra (low rank approximation), statistics (principal component analysis) and signal proc... |
1,314,259,993,419 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Several recent experiments have exhibited the loophole-free violation of a
Bell inequality\cite{Hensen},\cite{Shalm},\cite{Giustina}. The result has
been interpreted as the ``death by experiment for local realism'', this
being the hypothesis that ``the world is made up of real stuff, existi... |
1,314,259,993,420 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Homomorphism preservation theorems relate the syntactic shape of a sentence with the semantic property of being preserved under homomorphisms between structures.
Recall that a first-order sentence $\phi$ in a vocabulary $\tau$ is said to be \emph{preserved under homomorphisms} if, whenever there... |
1,314,259,993,421 | arxiv | \section{Sometimes legal operations}\label{s:legal}
The equation $(x+y)^p=x^p+y^p$ is valid in a field of prime
characteristic~$p$. Thus an apparent error can be a legitimate deduction
in the right circumstances.
Denote the $k$th derivative of
$t^n$ as $n^{\underline{k}}t^{n-k}$ where $n^{\underline{k}}$ e... |
1,314,259,993,422 | arxiv | \section{Basic Definitions on Compact Group Actions}
In this article it will be given only a short survey on the determination of
orbit spaces of compact linear groups. More details can be found in
\cite{6st,sar,stv}.
When a physical system has to show a symmetry of the nature, it must
be described mathematically on ... |
1,314,259,993,423 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
When the stars in the Solar neighbourhood (Snhd) are binned by age, the
velocity dispersion of each bin increases with its age. This age-velocity
dispersion relation (AVR) has been known and studied for decades (e.g.
\citealp{stromberg,parenago, wielen}) and similar relations have now also
been ... |
1,314,259,993,424 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The idea that the space-time might be more than four dimensions is
being considered widely from particle physics to cosmology.
Obviously string theory provided a strong motivation for
considering higher dimensions. Recently the development of string
theory have led us to diverse cosmological sce... |
1,314,259,993,425 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Gene copy number variation is an ubiquitous phenomenon that manifests itself in multiplication of gene fragments, single genes, groups of genes up to whole genome. Duplicated genes contribute to gene evolution; subsequent mutations may turn one of gene copies into an inactive pseudo-gene, whi... |
1,314,259,993,426 | arxiv | \section*{Funding Information}
This work is supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Program for
Key Science and Technology Innovative Research Team of Shaanxi Province (2013KCT-05), and the
National Natural Science Foundation of China ( Grant Nos. 11374008, 11374238, 11374239 and 1153... |
1,314,259,993,427 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)~\cite{Aad:2012tfa,Chatrchyan:2012xdj} is a triumph for particle physics, as it was one of the last missing pieces needed to understand the origin of the masses of the Standard Model (SM) particles. Although the... |
1,314,259,993,428 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An open problem in relativistic theories is related to the Hamiltonian
description of particle dynamics for which non-local interactions typically
occur. In this regard, a basic difficulty which is usually met is the lack
of a Hamiltonian formalism for non-local Lagrangian systems. In fact,... |
1,314,259,993,429 | arxiv |
\section{Approach}
\label{sec:approach}
In this section, we describe our approach for discovering executable routine specifications from User Interaction (UI) logs.
We adhere to the RPM pipeline proposed by Leno et al.~\cite{lenobise20}, which we implemented in five macro steps (see Figure~\ref{fig:approach}):
i... |
1,314,259,993,430 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Batch codes were originally proposed by Ishai \emph{et al.}~\cite{Ishai} for load balancing in distributed systems.
One particular class of batch codes that we are interested in is linear (computational) batch codes~\cite{Lipmaa, dimakis-batch, Zhang-Skachek, Vardy} where the data is viewed as ... |
1,314,259,993,431 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
High-frequency quasi-periodic
oscillations (HF QPOs), whose frequencies are in the range of
100 to 450 Hz, have been observed in some black-hole binaries
and black-hole candidates.
One of characteristics of these HF QPOs is that
they often appear in a pair and their frequencies change little
... |
1,314,259,993,432 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Probabilistic data analysis---including Bayesian inference---has
transformed scientific research in the past decade. Many of the most
significant gains have come from numerical methods for approximate
inference, especially Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). For example,
many problems in cosmology... |
1,314,259,993,433 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Goal-Conditioned Reward Sparse (GCRS) task is one of the challenging reinforcement learning tasks with extremely sparse rewards. In the task, the goal is combined with the current state as the policy input, while the agent is able to receive a positive reward only when the goal is achieved. In... |
1,314,259,993,434 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum degenerate gases, such as Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) \cite{bloch-review} or cold Fermi gases \cite{inguscio-fermi}, trapped in optical lattices, provide a flexible platform for investigating condensed matter models and quantum phase transitions \cite{bloch-qpt}.
It has been proposed... |
1,314,259,993,435 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In an empty universe the \textit{null geodesics} along which photons travel correspond directly to straight lines. However, in the presence of a non-uniform distribution of matter the null geodesics are perturbed \textit{via} gravitational interaction with the local matter over or under density ... |
1,314,259,993,436 | arxiv |
\section{Method}
\label{method}
This section describes the algorithmic details of our method.
To set up notation, consider a standard $K$-layer neural network with parameters~$\theta_k$ for layer~$k$. The stacked parameter vector ${\bm{\theta}}=(\theta_1,\dots,\theta_K)$ specifies the entire model for a classificatio... |
1,314,259,993,437 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{abstract}
We present a complete classification of complex plane algebraic curves, equipped with the induced Euclidean, up to global bilipschitz homeomorphism.
\end{abstract}
One of the most natural questions in the investigation of a class of mathematical objects is the problem o... |
1,314,259,993,438 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[b]
\vspace{-5pt}
\noindent \footnotesize{\textbf{This preprint will appear in the Proceedings of the 19th IFAC Symposium in System Identification. Please cite:}}
\begin{lstlisting}
@inproceedings{ribeiro_occam_2021,
author={Ant\^onio H. Ribeiro and Johannes N. Hendriks and Adrian ... |
1,314,259,993,439 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Operator algebras play a major role in modern functional analysis and
mathematical physics, particularly algebras with an ample supply
of projections. Such algebras
display a rich interplay between their algebraic structure, the order-theoretic
structure of their... |
1,314,259,993,440 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The main purpose of the present article is the construction of geometric objects which share a large class of algebraic, analytic, geometric, and topological invariants. Our main tool is a refinement of a construct that dates back to Gassman which has been utilized by Perlis \cite{Perlis}, Sunad... |
1,314,259,993,441 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Flavour physics, i.e. physics studying weak processes which change quark flavour, could give access to potentially new physics beyond the Standard Model. These flavour changes are described by the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix \cite{Cabibbo:1963yz,Kobayashi:1973fv}. Heavy-light semilepto... |
1,314,259,993,442 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An electromagnetic cloak is a device that minimizes or even nullifies the effects of scattering from various objects by rendering them electromagnetically invisible to a detector. One well-known cloaking technique is the so-called ``transformation-optics'' method \cite{Leonhardt_Science, Pendry_... |
1,314,259,993,443 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
Federated learning is a distributed machine learning paradigm that collaboratively trains a model with data on many clients.
Unlike traditional distributed machine learning methods, which partition data into different clients to improve the efficiency of the learning algorithm, the ... |
1,314,259,993,444 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT) measurements rely on the inductive coupling between a radio-frequency (rf) magnetic field, the so-called primary rf field, and the object of interests, Fig. ~\ref{fig:Setup}, \cite{Griffiths2001, Ma2017}. As a result of the coupling an object response is produ... |
1,314,259,993,445 | arxiv | \section{#1}\label{se:#2}\setcounter{equation}{0}\setcounter{paragraph}{0}\labels{
}{\mnote{#2}}}
\newcommand{\bsu}[2]{\paragraph{#1.}\label{su:#2}\labels{}{\mnote{#2}}}
\newcommand{\bss}[2]{\paragraph{#1.}\label{ss:#2}\labels{}{\mnote{#2}}}
\newtheorem{proposition}{\sc Proposition}[section]
\newtheorem{theorem}[propo... |
1,314,259,993,446 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{s1} The (modified) nonlinear Boltzmann equation for the one
particle distribution function provides an accurate description of
transport phenomena in a low density gas of inelastic hard spheres or disks
\cite{GyS95,Du00,Go03,PyB03,ByP04}. These particles
are often used to model granular fl... |
1,314,259,993,447 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $U_j, j=1,2,$ be the random, scalar wave field of
wavenumber
$k_j, j=1,2,$
The mutual coherence function and its cross-spectral
version, known as the two-frequency
mutual coherence function, defined by
\beq
\label{mut}
\Gamma_{12}(\mathbf x,\mathbf y)=
\left\langle U_1(\frac{\mathbf x}{k... |
1,314,259,993,448 | arxiv | \subsubsection{Transition Matrix}
\transmat
\subsubsection{Stationary Distribution}
\statdis
\subsubsection{Slack time\xspace and Throughput}
\watithput
\subsubsection{Number of Failed Retries\xspace}
\label{sec:nbf}
\failedres
}
\newcommand\treib{
The lock-free stack by Treiber~\cite{lf-stack} is a fundame... |
1,314,259,993,449 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Adversarial robustness is an important field to protect models from adversarial attacks, since deep neural networks that are highly accurate can be vulnerable to small input perturbations. For example, the projected gradient descent (PGD) attack can worsen the ResNet50, from 95.25\% accuracy to ... |
1,314,259,993,450 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec: introduction}
One of many interesting phenomena in active fluids~\cite{marchetti2013hydrodynamics,bechinger2016active, doostmohammadi2018active,bar2020self,gompper20202020} is the enhancement of mixing of suspended particles due to the motion of the microwimmers and accompanying hydr... |
1,314,259,993,451 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the imminent advent of the LHC, particle physics experiments are
poised to explore the TeV energy range directly for the first time.
There are several reasons to expect new physics in this energy range,
such as the origin of particle masses and electroweak symmetry
breaking, th... |
1,314,259,993,452 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the Universe. They are the natural way of forming rich clusters of galaxies within cold dark matter scenarios, which imply a bottom-up hierarchy of structure formation \citep{Press74,Sarazin02}. The merging process generates important perturbation... |
1,314,259,993,453 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
We appreciate discussions with the participants of
the VII Workshop on Geometric Correspondences of Gauge Theories,
especially the explanations and comments by
M.Bershtein, G.Bonelli, A.Grassi, A.Tanzini, Ya.Yamada and Y.Zenkevich.
This work was performed at the Institute for Informa... |
1,314,259,993,454 | arxiv | \section{Full example of N-body simulation kernel using OpenCHK}
\label{sec:appendixA}
\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{lstlisting}[escapechar=$]
void solve_nbody(particles_block_t * local,
particles_block_t * tmp,
force_block_t * forces,
const int n_blocks,
... |
1,314,259,993,455 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since Diakonov {\it et al.} predicted the mass and width of the
pentaquark baryon $\Theta^+$~\cite{Diakonov:1997mm}, there has been a
great deal of works to clarify its existence and properties. Although
various experiments have reported the existence of $\Theta^+$ after
the first observation by... |
1,314,259,993,456 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The spectrum of baryon resonances is expected to be very rich and
considerably more complex than the mesonic excitation spectrum. Yet,
experimentally, the number of known light-quark mesons exceeds by
far the number of known baryon resonances \cite{Amsler:2008zzb}.
In quark models \cite{Capstic... |
1,314,259,993,457 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In 1973 Yoishira Nambu \cite{nambu} proposed a generalization of classical
Hamiltonian mechanics, using ternary and higher-order brackets ( $n$-ary
brackets or multibrackets). During the past two decades Nambu proposal has
been a matter for many investigations \cite{flato1} - \cite{gau} and the
... |
1,314,259,993,458 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The interactive gesture generation task aims to control the gesture of a virtual character with a user control signal. Many works addressed the problem of synthesizing the gesture of an avatar along with a speech modality \cite{alexanderson2020style,ahuja-etal-2020-gestures}. Th... |
1,314,259,993,459 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (DSET) \cite{dempster2008upper,shafer1976mathematical} as a generalization of probability theory (PT) express the information by interval probabilities. For an $n$-element mutually exclusive set, probability distribution express its information by $n... |
1,314,259,993,460 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The skin friction associated with a turbulent boundary layer
constitutes about \SI{50}{\percent} of the total drag of an airplane.
Owing to its importance, passive or
active skin-friction reduction means have widely been investigated \citep{Fan2016book}.
Promising strategies include riblets
\cit... |
1,314,259,993,461 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The field of synthetic biology is concerned with designing and constructing biological modules, biological systems, and biological machines \cite{cameron2014brief} and can be traced back to the 1960s when logic in genetic regulation was discovered \cite{jacob1961genetic}. The key goal is to progr... |
1,314,259,993,462 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Detecting 21 cm emission from the high redshift intergalactic medium (IGM)
will potentially revolutionize our understanding of cosmic reionization.
The 21 cm signal promises direct, three-dimensional information regarding the
state of the IGM during reionization (e.g. Scott \& ... |
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