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1,314,259,993,463 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $K$ be a field, $m$ a positive integer and $n$ an integer prime to the characteristic of $K$. The Milnor-Bloch-Kato conjecture asserts that the Galois symbol
\begin{equation}
\label{eqn:galoisclass}
K^M_m(K)/n K^M_m(K) \quad \longrightarrow \quad H^m(K, {\mathbb Z}/n{\mathbb Z}(m))
\end{e... |
1,314,259,993,464 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Irrotational dust spacetimes have been widely studied, in
particular as models for the late universe, and as arenas for
the evolution of density perturbations and gravity wave
perturbations. In linearised theory, i.e. where the irrotational
dust spacetime is close to a Friedmann--Robertson--Walk... |
1,314,259,993,465 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section:introduction}
The proliferation of smartphones and tablets equipped with 3G and 4G connectivity
and the fast growing demand for downloading multimedia files
have resulted in severe overload in the internet backhaul,
and it is expected to be worse with the advent of 5G in near fut... |
1,314,259,993,466 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well known that radiative transition process of emitters in
media differs from those in
vacuum\cite{Blo1965,Top2003}. Because
of fundamental importance and relevance to various
applications in low-dimensional optical materials and photonic
crystals, this issue continues to attract both the... |
1,314,259,993,467 | arxiv | \section{\setcounter{equation}{0}\oldsection}
\renewcommand\thesection{\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\allowdisplaybreaks
\def\pf{\it{Proof.}\rm\quad}
\DeclareMathOperator*{\Cat}{\mathbf{Cat}}
\DeclareMathOperator*{\sgn}{sgn}
\DeclareMathOperator*{\dep}{dep}
\Declar... |
1,314,259,993,468 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
SU UMa-type dwarf novae, a subclass of dwarf novae, exhibit two types
of outbursts: normal outburst and superoutburst (for a review, see
\cite{war95book}; \cite{osa96review}). During superoutburst,
hump-like modulations called superhumps are visible. Basically, the
light source of superhumps is... |
1,314,259,993,469 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}\label{sec:inro}
Let $\Omega \subset {\mathbb R}^N$, $N \geq 2$, be a bounded, open domain, and let $p>1$. We say that $u \in W^{1,p}_0(\Omega) \setminus \{0\}$ is an eigenfunction of the $p$-Laplacian associated to the eigenvalue $\lambda \in \mathbb{R}$ if it is a weak solution... |
1,314,259,993,470 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field $k$
and let $H$ be an ample divisor on $X$. A family ${\mathcal S}$ of isomorphism classes of coherent sheaves on $X$ is called bounded if there exists a scheme $S$ of finite type over $k$ and an $S$-flat family $... |
1,314,259,993,471 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\Omega\subset\subset\mathbb{C}^{2}$ be a smoothly bounded domain. Throughout, we suppose that $
\Omega$ admits a $\mathcal{C}^\infty$-smooth defining function $\rho$ which is plurisubharmonic on
the
boundary, $b\Omega$,
of $\Omega$,
i.e.,
\begin{align*}
H_{\rho}(\xi... |
1,314,259,993,472 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\figconflict
\IEEEPARstart{S}{emantic} segmentation is a fundamental research field in computer vision. It aims to predict the class of each pixel in a given image. The availability of large labeled datasets~\cite{everingham2011pascal,zhou2017scene} and the development of deep neural networks~\... |
1,314,259,993,473 | arxiv | \section{#1}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\nonumber}{\nonumber}
\newc... |
1,314,259,993,474 | arxiv |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
Usability and accessibility are the commonly used terms in the context of enhancing the user experience for users of the world wide web~\cite{hanson2013progress}.
While there is no universally accepted view or definition for usability, a commonly accepted definition presented in ISO 9241-11 sta... |
1,314,259,993,475 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The $\psi(3770)$ resonance is the lowest-mass $c\bar c$ state lying
above the open charm-pair threshold (3.73~GeV$/c^2$).
Since its width is 2 orders of magnitude larger than
that of the $\psi(3686)$ resonance, it is traditionally expected to
decay to $D\bar D$ meson pairs
with a branching frac... |
1,314,259,993,476 | arxiv | \section{\label{Introduction}Introduction}
Understanding the interaction of matter with strong and ultrastrong laser pulses is a fundamental and rapidly developing field of research. With the remarkable advances
in laser technology in the past few decades, experimental investigation
of the interaction bec... |
1,314,259,993,477 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nowadays, with the rapid development of analyzing player performance by collecting the past matches they have played, researchers have cooperated with sports teams and players to boost the advancement of sports analytics.
However, it is difficult for novel algorithms to be verified in real-time m... |
1,314,259,993,478 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Se1}
\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{prior.png}
\end{center}
\caption{ The diagram of VaDE\xspace. The data generative process of VaDE\xspace is done as follows:
1) a cluster is picked from a GMM model; 2) a latent embedding is generated base... |
1,314,259,993,479 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{intro.tex}
\section{Related Work}
\input{relat.tex}
\section{Methodology}
\input{method.tex}
\section{Experiments}
\input{exper.tex}
\section{Conclusion}
\input{conclu.tex}
\bibliographystyle{splncs04}
\subsection{Datasets}
Two large-scale datasets, nuScenes dataset and Lyft datas... |
1,314,259,993,480 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, the quantity of available source code has been growing exponentially \cite{source_growth}. Code reuse at this scale is predicated on understanding and searching through a massive number of projects and source code documents. The ability to generate meaningful, semantic labels is... |
1,314,259,993,481 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The majority of nuclides heavier than iron are produced via neutron capture reactions \cite{B2FH57, Kappeler11-RMP,
Arnould07-PR,Thielemann17-ARNPS}. However, there are a few dozens of nuclides on the proton rich side of the valley of stability, the so-called
$p$-nuclei, which cannot be reac... |
1,314,259,993,482 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
According to the World Health Organization 2019 statistics, Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) contribute to nearly 34\% of all deaths worldwide. The most critical risk factor for CVD is elevated blood pressure, also known as hypertension \cite{paper28}. Thereby early diagnosis of abnormal BP can ai... |
1,314,259,993,483 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hierarchical structure formation scenarios suggest that galaxies form
by continuous accretion of small, dark--matter dominated satellites.
The possibility of an extragalactic deployment of high--velocity clouds has
long been considered, and in various contexts, by Oort (1966, 1970, 1981... |
1,314,259,993,484 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Seiberg and Witten showed that the low-energy effective theory of
$N=2$ supersymmetric gauge theory
in four dimensions is determined by the prepotential, a
holomorhic function of the period integrals of the meromorphic one-form (the
Seiberg-Witten differential) on a Riemann surface\cite{SeWi}... |
1,314,259,993,485 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Probabilistic programming is a rapidly developing discipline at the interface of programming and Bayesian statistics \cite{GordonHNR14,Goodman2014,VandeMeent2018}.
The idea is to express probabilistic models (incorporating the prior distributions) and the observed data as programs,
and to use a ... |
1,314,259,993,486 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A first order phase transition from hadronic to exotic matter phases may
proceed through the nucleation of droplets of the new phase. The formation
of droplets of quark matter \citep{Bombaci1, Mintz, Bombaci2} and antikaon
condensed matter \citep{Norsen, NorsenReddy} in neutrino-free neutron st... |
1,314,259,993,487 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
All graphs considered in this paper will be finite, undirected, and may have loops and multiple edges, unless stated otherwise (in which case the graph will be referred to as a simple graph). We consider five types of walks in graphs: general walks, trails, paths, induced paths, and isometric pa... |
1,314,259,993,488 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Different search operators have been proposed and applied in EAs~\cite{fogel1997handbook}. Each search operator has its own advantage. Therefore an interesting research issue is to combine the advantages of variant operators together and then design more efficient hybrid EAs. Currently hybrid... |
1,314,259,993,489 | arxiv |
\section{Datasets and Evaluation Setup}
\label{sec:supp-datasets}
We evaluate our proposed approach for joint 3D pose and focal length estimation in the wild on three challenging real-world dataset with different object categories: Pix3D~\cite{Sun2018pix3d} (\textit{bed}, \textit{chair}, \textit{sofa}, \textit{table}... |
1,314,259,993,490 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Permutation complexity of aperiodic words is a relatively new notion of word complexity which was first introduced and studied by Makarov $\cite{Makar06}$ based on ideas of S.V. Avgustinovich (see the acknowledgements in $\cite{FlaFrid}$), and is based on the idea of an infinite permutation as... |
1,314,259,993,491 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The plan for this article is a follows. I'll start by describing a
simple example of the Riemannian version of the prolongation procedure
of \cite{BCEG}. Next, I will explain how the direct observations used
in this example can be replaced by tools from representation theory to
make the procedure... |
1,314,259,993,492 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Calorimetric methods are the most exact for measurement of energy of high-energy nuclei and they are widely applied in experiments on accelerators and with cosmic radiation \cite{1}.
The most of methods of calorimetric measurements of energy are based on full absorption of energy of a parti... |
1,314,259,993,493 | arxiv | \section{The Carmen Sandiego game}
The work described here\footnote{The ideas of the present paper were formulated in Dec. 2013 - Jan. 2014, and discussed (in varying detail) in early 2014 with Scott Aaronson, Laci Babai, Sasha Razborov, and Avi Wigderson.} concerns the following ``game'' involving three parties: Al... |
1,314,259,993,494 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The problem of the existence of the operator with dimension 2, whose contribution to QCD sum rules ~\cite{SVZtf79} is proportional to~$1/Q^2$, and search for relevant OPE corrections are performed already for quite a long time \cite{ShortString, ZakharovOther, BodDominEidel2012}.
... |
1,314,259,993,495 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Even though Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is universally accepted as the theory of strong interactions,
color confinement still remains an unsolved problem. Although the well established phenomenon of the confinement of quarks and gluons inside hadrons is without any doubt encoded into the QCD Lag... |
1,314,259,993,496 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Sec-Introduction}
Microwave engineering relies on time-consuming electromagnetic simulations to carry out robust electrical designs. The electromagnetic complexity in microwave devices is such that \emph{only} detailed, full-wave simulations, i.e., solving Maxwell's equations directly, can... |
1,314,259,993,497 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
In this paper we consider the Cauchy problem for the following log-modified nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLS) on $\mathbb R^2$:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:nls}
\left\{
\begin{aligned}
& i{\partial}_t u +\frac{1}{2}\Delta u =\lambda u|u|^2\ln |u|^2,\quad x\in
\mathbb R^2,\ ... |
1,314,259,993,498 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The estimation of treatment effects is one of the core problems in causal inference. A treatment effect is a measure used to compare interventions in randomized experiments, policy analysis, and medical trials. The treatment effect measures the difference in outcomes between units assigned to the... |
1,314,259,993,499 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Studying edge-on galaxies opens up the possibility to observe something that is not feasible with face-on galaxies: the halo of the galaxy. It is now clear that sufficiently deep and well-resolved radio observations of edge-on galaxies show emission high above their galactic discs \citep{changes... |
1,314,259,993,500 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Rapid theoretical and experimental development of quantum computers has led to a productive crossover of ideas between the fields of many-body condensed matter physics and of quantum information and computation \cite{Augusiak2012,Zeng2019}. On the one hand, a principal application of quantum devi... |
1,314,259,993,501 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\hskip 1em
In this paper, we study the following free boundary problem modeling
tumor growth in necrotic phase:
\begin{equation}\label{1.1}
\left\{
\begin{array}{rll}
\Delta\sigma\,&=\sigma \chi_{\Omega^+(t)}\qquad \qquad & \mbox{in}\;\;
\Omega^+(t)\cup\Omega^... |
1,314,259,993,502 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\Ma{The Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is the generation of an electric current $\bm J$ in presence of an external magnetic field $\bm B$~ \cite{FKW08}}:
\begin{equation}
\braket{\bm{J}}=\frac{e^2}{2\pi^2}\mu_5\bm{B}.\label{CMEdef}
\end{equation}
\Ma{The current~\eq{CMEdef} appears naturally in ... |
1,314,259,993,503 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Motivated by limited communication capacity in physical systems, control with quantized feedback \cite{elia2001stabilization,fu2005sector,you2011attainability,kang2015coarsest,zhou2019adaptive} has been an active research area for decades, dating back to an early work \citep{kalman1956nonlinear}... |
1,314,259,993,504 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) give unprecedented results in machine learning tasks \cite{AlexNet2012, resnet2015, InceptionResNetV4, ViTOG, EffNetV2OG} though they continue to be little understood. Theoretical studies focus on the equivalence between ANNs trained with (full-batch) gradient de... |
1,314,259,993,505 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Diffusion phenomena arise from a Markovian stochastic modeling and as a solution of SDEs with or without jumps in many areas of applied mathematics. Their investigation concerns different mathematical branches and therefore research interest in questions such as existence and regularity of soluti... |
1,314,259,993,506 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Explaining how a feature impacts a model prediction is a crucial question in machine learning (ML) as it provides a deeper understanding of how the model behaves and what insights have been extracted from data. In many real-world applications, it has been increasingly common to ... |
1,314,259,993,507 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:1.Introduction}
\vspace{-0.15cm}
Image retrieval is a long-standing problem in computer vision. This task aims to sort a database of images based on their similarities to the given query image.
For this task, global retrieval through global descriptor matching and geometric verificatio... |
1,314,259,993,508 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec-1}
The aim of the present contribution consists in providing a topological proof of the existence of chaotic dynamics for a planar Hamiltonian system considered in different formulations and with different interpretations in the literature, by using the ``Linked Twist Maps'' (from now ... |
1,314,259,993,509 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Music source separation is a problem that has been studied for a few decades now: given an audio track with several instruments mixed together (a regular MP3 file, for example), how can it be separated into its component instruments? The obvious application of this problem is in music production... |
1,314,259,993,510 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the initial-value problem for the focusing energy-critical nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation in dimension $d\geq 3$,
\begin{equation}\label{nls}
\begin{cases}
\ iu_t+\Delta u=F(u)\\
\ u(t_0)=u_0\in \dot H^1_x({\mathbb{R}}^d),
\end{cases}
\end{equation}
where the nonlinearity is given b... |
1,314,259,993,511 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
Amino acids form the basis of peptides and proteins, which are fundamental building blocks of life, and they are of great scientific interest for a multitude of reasons, first and foremost due to their role in biology and related use in pharmacology and medicine. Their systemati... |
1,314,259,993,512 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hash coding has become an essential method for similarity queries due to its computational efficiency and storage cost advantages. A series of hash representation learning methods~\cite{wang2017survey,cao2017hashnet,jiang2017deep} developed from local similarity hashing further improve the hashi... |
1,314,259,993,513 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Variational quantum algorithms such as the \ac{VQE} or the \ac{QAOA} \cite{Farhi_Goldstone_14} have received a lot of attention of late. They are promising candidates for gaining a quantum advantage already with \ac{NISQ} computers in areas such as quantum chemistry \cite{Cao_Aspuru-Guzik_19}, co... |
1,314,259,993,514 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Complementary slackness is a fundamental optimality condition, and
hence ubiquitous in optimization. In~the most general setting of
nonlinear programming (formulated below in the classical language of
nonlinear optimization), it requires a pair \(\pdpair{\xb}{\yb}\) of
primal-dual feasible solu... |
1,314,259,993,515 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Search engine users want relevant documents returned quickly when searching. Searching is often performed using an inverted index \cite{yan2009inverted}, which stores a list of occurring terms, and for each term, documents in which that term occurs are recorded, along with term frequency within ... |
1,314,259,993,516 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, deep neural network based semantic segmentation models have achieved considerable success. This success is much reliant on the large pixel-level annotated dataset over which these models are trained.
However, like many other deep neural network based models, semantic segmentati... |
1,314,259,993,517 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Large scale studies of the human microbiome have become increasingly common thanks to advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies \citep{MetaHIT, HMP}.
A relevant task in these studies is to measure the association between a sample's microbial composition and individual character... |
1,314,259,993,518 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
The inherent atomic properties, like mass or polarizability, and the very high sensitivities achievable with atom interferometers make them a very versatile tool for high-precision measurements of, for instance, fundamental constants, internal forces, accelerations or ro... |
1,314,259,993,519 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For quite a long time there has been a stable interest in the
physics of the massive neutrino. Investigations in this area
touch, to a certain extent, the feasible phenomenon of lepton
mixing and its manifestations in neutrino physics and,
consequently, in astrophysics and ... |
1,314,259,993,520 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
HESS\,J1303$-$631\ is one of the most prominent examples of the so-called very
high energy (VHE; $E>100$\,GeV) $\gamma$-ray\ \rr{``dark''} sources, those
which were detected in the VHE band but do not have counterparts
at other energy bands. It was discovered in 2005
\citep{2005A&A...439.1013A... |
1,314,259,993,521 | arxiv | \section{Motivation and Overview}\label{sec:introduction}
Since their creation in the 1940's, formal languages and grammars have found many applications in, for instance, programming languages and artificial intelligence.
A rapid development of the Internet, in particular, may treat one-way finite automata as a meani... |
1,314,259,993,522 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the standard formulation of quantum mechanics, the statistical outcomes of
an ideal measurement of an observable $\hat{A} |a\rangle = a |a\rangle$ are
described by the spectral measure [1]:
\begin{equation}
p_{\psi}(a) =|\langle a | \psi \rangle|^{2}
\end{equation}
where $|\psi\rangle \in H$... |
1,314,259,993,523 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Lightning Network (LN) \cite{poon2016bitcoin} is emerging at the most popular layer-2 scaling technology for Bitcoin.
We model the LN by a graph $G$;
every vertex can be assumed to be a user
and every edge is a bi-directional payment channel between two nodes\footnote{We omit private channel... |
1,314,259,993,524 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Polynomials with coefficients over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ play an important role in several areas of computer science, including cryptography and coding theory~\cite{shparlinski13}. The notion of \emph{coprimality} between two polynomials $f,g \in \mathbb{F}_q[x]$---i.e. ... |
1,314,259,993,525 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
While Einstein's general relativity (GR) has stood all direct
experimental tests~\cite{Will:2005va}, there are also reasons to
try to extend GR. For example
the mysterious nature of dark energy and dark matter might become
resolved within a modified theory of gravity.
Another reason to try t... |
1,314,259,993,526 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Past observational studies have revealed that disc galaxies often exhibit an $m=1$ distortion or lopsidedness in the outskirts of the disc. Lopsidedness is common in the spatial distribution of the neutral hydrogen (H~{\sc i}) which extends further out than the stellar disc \c... |
1,314,259,993,527 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recent years saw a revival of the idea originally put forward by S. Hawking \cite{1971MNRAS.152...75H}, that Primordial Black Holes (PBH) could make up the so far elusive Dark Matter. LIGOs first detection of gravitational waves from merging binary black holes of approximately ... |
1,314,259,993,528 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The rapid and violent form of combustion called detonation \cite{Fickett1979} propagates through detonation wave which is a shock wave with chemical reaction. Given a wide range of application in science and engineering, shock and detonation have always been of great concern in the field of sc... |
1,314,259,993,529 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
A gravitating mass that traverses a sea of other particles builds up an
overdense wake behind it. This wake tugs back on the mass, providing an
effective drag. The background sea may itself consist of non-interacting point
masses. For this collisionless case, \citet{c43} fir... |
1,314,259,993,530 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction}
The oscillation modes of neutron stars (NSs) provide a means to probe the
internal composition and state of dense matter. NSs have rich oscillation
spectra, with modes associated with different physical origins, such as
the internal ingredients, the elasticity of the cru... |
1,314,259,993,531 | arxiv |
\@ifstar{\@ssection}{\@section}{\@ifstar{\@ssection}{\@section}}
\def\@section#1
\if@nobreak
\everypar{}%
\ifnum\LastMac=\Hae \addvspace{\half}\fi
\else
\addpen{\gds@cbrk}%
\addvspace{\two}%
\fi
\bgroup
\ninepoint\bf
\Raggedright
\ifAutoNumber
\global\advance\Sec \@ne
\... |
1,314,259,993,532 | arxiv | \section{Problem description}
\label{sec:1}
Reinforcement learning is aimed at the solution of the Markov decision problems without the exact knowledge of an underlying model. In this paper we address only the case of finite state-action Markov decision processes (MDP). Moreover, for concreteness we discuss only the... |
1,314,259,993,533 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper concerns a version of the fractional $\mathrm{\bf p}$-Laplace
operator, which has been introduced in \cite{BCF2}. More precisely, for
$\mathrm{\bf p}\geq 2$, $s\in (\frac{1}{2},1)$, and for a given bounded function
$u:\mathbb{R}^N\to\mathbb{R}$ that is of regularity $C^{1,1}(x)$ with ... |
1,314,259,993,534 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since their inception, sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) resampling methods (a.k.a., particle filters)~\cite{Doucet2000,Doucet2001} have emerged as a useful tool to estimate and track targets with non-linear and/or non-Gaussian dynamics. Unlike the Kalman filter~\cite{Kalman1960} and its variants~\ci... |
1,314,259,993,535 | arxiv |
\subsection{An Illustrative Example}
To further illustrate our MaTrust trust inference problem (Problem~\ref{P:matrust}), we give an intuitive example as shown in Fig.~\ref{F:example}.
\begin{figure*}[!t]
\centering
\subfigure[The observed locally-generated pair-wise trust relationships]{
\label{F:example:even... |
1,314,259,993,536 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It has long been known that interactions can have drastic effects in low dimensional systems \cite{TG}. A striking example of this was elucidated by Kane and Fisher \cite{KF}. It was shown that a local impurity can be a relevant or irrelevant perturbation to a Luttinger Liquid depending on the si... |
1,314,259,993,537 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we further explore the relation between string theory
and some 4-dimensional structures such that these structures do not
appear as a result of usual compactification or model-buildings in
string theory. These structures are rather involved in the mathematics
of string theory but t... |
1,314,259,993,538 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Over the past two decades, many examples of galaxies with stellar masses $\log(M_*/M_\odot) \gtrsim 11$ out to redshift $z\sim6$ have been found (e.g., \citealt{caputi2011,stefanon2015,deshmukh2018,marsan2022}). However, towards the Epoch of Re-ionisation (EoR; $z\gtrsim6$), su... |
1,314,259,993,539 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and preliminaries on spherical harmonics}
Many parts of analysis on Euclidean spaces and in particular the
theory of spherical harmonics provide an elegant and instructive
application of group theoretical concepts to various questions of
classical function theory. It suf\/f\/ices to mention point... |
1,314,259,993,540 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
In this paper, a graph is understood to be undirected and have no loops or multiple edges. While graphs with multiple edges could be taken under consideration, it is not necessary to do so as multiple edges do not add any difficulty or important properties.
A set of vertices in a graph $G$ is s... |
1,314,259,993,541 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction}
The aim of this paper is to present a new exact solution which represents a nonlinear internal water wave. The solution in this study is constructed by adapting the celebrated Pollard's solution in order to successfully describe the internal water waves. In 1970, Pollard ... |
1,314,259,993,542 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Using grid diagrams Ozsv\'{a}th, Szab\'{o} and Thurston \cite{grid} defined combinatorial invariants of Legendrian and transverse links in the tight 3-sphere. These invariants have been shown to be effective, meaning they distinguish some Legendrian and transverse knots havin... |
1,314,259,993,543 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The theory of cosmological perturbations (TCP) for a perfect fluid has
always been an important issue in cosmology. It enables us to
understand how small fluctuations seeded in the early universe eventually evolved
into the present large scale structure. Also, TCP has been extremely
useful to ... |
1,314,259,993,544 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
Reliability measures how reliable a system is by finding the probability that it will continue to provide its desirable service in a given period of time. Fault trees (FTs) \cite{DFT-survey} and reliability block diagrams (RBDs) \cite{hasan2015reliability} are the most common... |
1,314,259,993,545 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum gravity with a non-vanishing cosmological constant
formulated in Ashtekar's spin-connection variables
\cite{4,5,6,7,8} has
interesting physical states given by the exponential of the
Chern-Simons functional \cite{8,9,10} and appropriate
transformations thereof.
In order to elucidate the p... |
1,314,259,993,546 | arxiv | \section{Supplemental Material to Spin Drag of a Fermi Gas in a Harmonic Trap}
\section{Derivation of the transport equation from Boltzmann's equation}
We consider an ensemble of spin 1/2 fermions of mass $m$. In the dilute limit, the statistical properties of the system are fully captured by the single-particle ph... |
1,314,259,993,547 | arxiv | \subsection*{#1}\atocs{#1}}
\newcommand{\aob}[2]{\ens\big({#1 \atop #2}\big)}
\newcommand{\aobc}[2]{\ens\big\{{#1 \atop #2}\big\}}
\newcommand{\aonb}[2]{\ens\frac{#1}{#2}}
\newcommand{\aoboc}[3]{\lba{c}#1\\#2\\#3\ear}
\newcommand{\aobcod}[4]{\ens\big({#1 \atop #2}{\mbox{ } #3 \atop \mbox{ } #4}\big)}
\newcommand{\aobc... |
1,314,259,993,548 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Supersymmetry(SUSY) is one of the most appealing theories for
physics beyond the Standard Model(SM), as it solves the
hierarchy problem and could provide a good candidate
for the cold dark matter(CDM) in the universe.
SUSY predicts the existence of a super-partner
for each SM particle, sharin... |
1,314,259,993,549 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection{section}{1}%
\z@{.7\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}
{\bfseries
\centering
}}
\def\@secnumfont{\bfseries}
\makeatother
\setlength{\textheight}{19.5 cm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{12.5 cm}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb, amsbsy}
\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepac... |
1,314,259,993,550 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For some years now the cosmological standard model (or $\Lambda$CDM-model) has been widely successful in explaining the vast majority of cosmological observations. Still the nature of two of its key components, dark matter and dark energy, remains a mystery. So far both of these substances have ... |
1,314,259,993,551 | arxiv |
\section{Acknowledgements}
We would like to thank the LCC generator working group and the ILD software working group for providing the simulation and reconstruction tools and producing the Monte Carlo samples used in this study.
This work has benefited from computing services provided by the ILC Virtual Organization, ... |
1,314,259,993,552 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Modern face classifiers based on deep learning methods leverage large datasets to learn the essential features that make each face unique and are able to achieve high-performance on the recognition task, even outperforming human capabilities \cite{Taigman2014}.
However, in prese... |
1,314,259,993,553 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $(M,g)$ be a compact Riemannian manifold without boundary, denote
by $\Delta_{g}$ its Laplace-Beltrami operator, and consider the
nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation
\be \label{KG}
(\partial_{t}^2-\Delta_{g}+V+m^2)v=-\partial_{2}f(x,v)
\ee
where $m$ is a strictly positive constant, $V... |
1,314,259,993,554 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Motivated by the results of Burch \cite{Bu68}, the notion of Burch ideals and Burch submodules were introduced (and studied) by Dao-Kobayashi-Takahashi and Dey-Kobayashi in \cite{DKT20} and \cite{DK22} respectively. These include large well-studied classes of ideals and modules. In this article,... |
1,314,259,993,555 | arxiv | \section{Motivation and Statement of the Main Results}
Since the classical works of Euler and Riemann it is known that the distribution of prime numbers is intimately related to the Riemann zeta-function $\zeta(s)$. In general, many topics in analytic number theory are tied to associated Dirichlet series. With his pat... |
1,314,259,993,556 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
\sun{Random walk (RW) is an effective tool for extracting relationships between entities in a graph, and is widely used in
many applications such as \emph{Personalized PageRank} (PPR) \cite{page1999pagerank}, \emph{SimRank} \cite{jeh2002simrank},
\emph{Random Walk Domin... |
1,314,259,993,557 | arxiv | \section{Conclusions}
\textbf{Conclusions:} In this paper we present a new paradigm to infuse non-trivial topological characteristics into a trivial insulator by means of modulating the scalar potential. The scalar potential is utilised to enhance the mixing between different quantum states which in turn drives the s... |
1,314,259,993,558 | arxiv |
\section*{Supplementary Material}
\input{sections/supplementary}
\clearpage
\clearpage
{\small
\bibliographystyle{ieee_fullname}
\section{Method Overview}
We now present each module and the corresponding losses of our full model as shown in \reffig{model}.
We formulate object detection as a keypoint dete... |
1,314,259,993,559 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The question of how dynamics of a physical system depends
on the choice of its Hamiltonian is one of the most important
in theoretical and mathematical physics.
Its significance is only enhanced by the fact that
in modern theory dynamics is considered not only in physical
time, but in many other... |
1,314,259,993,560 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Bochner's inequality is one of the most fundamental estimates in
geometric analysis. It states that
\begin{equation}\label{eq:intro-bochner}
\frac12\Delta|\nabla u|^2-\langle\nabla u, \nabla\Delta u\rangle\ge K \cdot |\nabla u|^2+\frac1N \cdot |\Delta u|^2
\end{equation}
for eac... |
1,314,259,993,561 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Localization is one of important research topics concerning autonomous vehicles~\cite{ETHlandmark, ABLE}, robotics~\cite{Tang2019} and assistive navigation~\cite{KeyPosition, VisualLocalizer}. Generally, GNSS (global navigation satellite system) is the straightforward way to localize the autonomo... |
1,314,259,993,562 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
I an grateful to Daniel Schubring for useful discussions. This work is supported in part by DOE grant DE-SC0011842.
|
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