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1,941,325,219,988 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
In this paper a \emph{graph} is permitted to have parallel edges but no loops; we will say \emph{simple graph} when we wish to disallow parallel edges.
A \emph{$k$-edge-colouring} of a graph $G$ is a function that assigns a
colour from $\{1, \ldots, k\}$ to each edg... |
1,941,325,219,989 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Several phases of matter appear in the quantum degenerate regime only, namely, superconductivity, superfluidity (SF) and supersolid (SS) phases. While the two formers have been successfully explained, the supersolid phase \cite{Kim, Choi}, consistent with thermodynamic stability cri... |
1,941,325,219,990 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Large parts of the world are still suffering from a pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that raised its ugly head somewhere late 2019, and that was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, mainland China~\autocite{vandorp2020emergence-sars-cov... |
1,941,325,219,991 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Given $(M,g)$ a smooth compact Riemannian manifold without boundary, the Yamabe problem is to find, in the conformal class of $g$, a metric of constant scalar curvature. The geometric problem has a PDE formulation, i.e. the metric $\tilde g=u^{4\over n-2}g$ has the required properties if the ... |
1,941,325,219,992 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Because it models Hawking radiation as the very physical process of quantum fields tunneling through a barrier, an approach called the tunneling method has recently gained popularity in the field of black hole thermodynamics. This method also provides multiple advantages which go beyond merely p... |
1,941,325,219,993 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well known that tumor tissues are often stiffer than normal tissues. For instance, a normal mammary gland has an elastic modulus of about $2$ hPa, which may dramatically increase for a breast tumor up to about $4$ kPa \cite{paszek2005tensional}. For this reason self-palpation is often a suc... |
1,941,325,219,994 | arxiv |
\subsection{The QPE population to date}
J0249 represents the fifth member of a growing QPE population. Here we consider the relationships between various physical and observed flaring properties (quiescent $0.5-2$ keV luminosity $L_X$, flare amplitude, flare duration, and flare recurrence time $t_{\mathrm{rec}}$) of ... |
1,941,325,219,995 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, the emergence of seq2seq models \cite{kalchbrenner2013recurrent,sutskever2014sequence,ChoMGBSB14}
has revolutionized the field of MT by replacing traditional phrase-based approaches with
neural machine translation (NMT) systems based on the encoder-decoder paradigm. In the firs... |
1,941,325,219,996 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusion}
In this work, we introduce the multi-filter Seq2Seq model that resolves the problem of heterogeneous features in the dataset. Our model is able to outperform the original LSTM encoder-decoder network by concentrating heterogeneous features simultaneously using the multi-filter architecture.
We h... |
1,941,325,219,997 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The factorization method due to Hull and Infeld \cite{Hull} has been widely exploited in quantum mechanics
to determine the spectra and wave functions of exactly solvable potentials.
This approach has been formalized in supersymmetric quantum mechanics
(SUSY QM) \cite{Cooper} which has ... |
1,941,325,219,998 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Introduction}
In this article we review recent progress in optimal control of stochastic thermodynamic systems. We focus on classical isothermal stochastic thermodynamics describing control by linear-response, thermodynamic geometry, and optimal-transport theory.
Historically, modern therm... |
1,941,325,219,999 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
For over a decade now, domain-specific languages for numerical partial
differential equations (henceforth PDEs) such as
Sundance~\cite{Long:2003,Long:2010}, FEniCS~\cite{Logg:2012}, and
now Firedrake~\cite{Rathgeber:2016} have enabled users to efficiently generate
algebra... |
1,941,325,220,000 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The task of camera relocalization is to estimate the 6-DoF (Degree of Freedom) camera pose from a test frame with respect to a known environment.
It is of great importance for many computer vision and robotics applications, such as Simultaneously Localization and Mapping (SLAM)... |
1,941,325,220,001 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we address the model selection problem for the Stochastic Block Model (SBM); that is, the estimation of the number of communities given a sample of the adjacency matrix. The SBM was introduced by \cite{holland1983stochastic} and has rapidly popularized in the literature as a mod... |
1,941,325,220,002 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
{\bf
We present recent phenomenological studies, tailored on kinematic configurations typical of current and forthcoming analyses at the LHC, for two novel probe channels of the BFKL resummation of energy logarithms. Particular attention is drawn to the behavior of distributions differential in azim... |
1,941,325,220,003 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
Quantum walks are roughly analogous to classical random walks, and like classical walks they have been used to find new (quantum) algorithms. When studying the behavior of large graphs or combinations of graphs it is useful to find the response of a subgraph to signals of different frequencies. I... |
1,941,325,220,004 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Collective spatiotemporal patterns emerging in dynamical networks are determined by the interplay of the dynamics of the nodes and the nature of the interactions among the nodes. So it is of utmost relevance to ascertain what properties of the nodes of the network impact collective dynamics.... |
1,941,325,220,005 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
The data collected in the heavy-ion experiments at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) are most commonly interpreted as the evidence that the matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions equilibrates very fast (presumably within a fraction of 1~fm/c) and its beh... |
1,941,325,220,006 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
No test of Bell's inequalities \cite{Bell:1964, Bell:1971} to date has been free
of ``loopholes''. This means that, despite the high levels of statistical
significance frequently achieved, violations of the inequalities could be the
effects of experimental bias of one kind or another, not evi... |
1,941,325,220,007 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the modern scenario of creation of the matter in the Universe
there is a stage called preheating, when the matter (usually
imitating by
a massless scalar field) is generating from vacuum fluctuations
due to the effect of parametric resonance [1,2,3].
Namely it is assumed that
the matter fiel... |
1,941,325,220,008 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec.Introduction}
The volume conjecture proposes a relation between the colored Jones invariants of a knot and the simplicial volume of its complement. In the formulation of \cite{MurakamiMurakami} the precise statement is as follows. Note that we use the variable $A$ from skein theory in... |
1,941,325,220,009 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Percolation, which was introduced by Broadbent and Hammersley \cite{BroadbentHammersley1957} in 1957,
is one of the fundamental models in statistical physics \cite{StaufferAharony1994,Grimmett1999}. In percolation systems, sites or bonds on a lattice are either occupied with probability $p$, or ... |
1,941,325,220,010 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Porous structures are widely found in natural objects, such as trabecular
bones, wood, and cork,
which have many appealing properties,
such as low weight and large internal surface area.
In the field of tissue engineering,
which aims to repair damaged tis... |
1,941,325,220,011 | arxiv |
\subsection{Setup}
\begin{table}[tbp]
\centering
\vspace{0.25cm}
\caption{Parameters of our FG-3DMOT algorithm}
\label{tab:params_vbi}
\resizebox{0.48\textwidth}{!}
{%
\begin{tabular}{@{}llc@{}}
\toprule
\textbf{Parameter Name} & \textbf{Symbol} & \textbf{Value} ... |
1,941,325,220,012 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are binary systems hosting a compact object, that can be a neutron star (NS) or a stellar-mass black hole (BH), and a low-mass companion star (with mass $\lesssim 1M_{\odot}$). The latter is typically a main-sequence star, filling its Roche lobe a... |
1,941,325,220,013 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We study the convergence of a broad class of adaptive discontinuous Galerkin (DG) and $C^0$-interior penalty (IP) finite element methods (FEM) for second-order fully nonlinear Isaacs equations, with a homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition, of the form
\begin{equation}\label{eq:isaacs}
\begin{a... |
1,941,325,220,014 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Nearly $10 \, \%$ of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) possess two oppositely-oriented collimated beams which emit photons up to the TeV energy range. When one of the beams is oriented towards us, the AGN is called a blazar.
Thanks to the observations carried out with the Imaging Atmospheric Cheren... |
1,941,325,220,015 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Solving the electronic Schr\"{o}dinger equation\cite{Schrodinger1926} remains a fundamental challenge in quantum chemistry, in principle enabling an exact theoretical description of chemical properties and reactivity.
However, exact solutions remain elusive beyond the simplest of chemical system... |
1,941,325,220,016 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[!t]
\centering
\begin{minipage}{0.45\linewidth}\footnotesize
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=3.8cm]{./Fig/bp240_orig_crop_tiny.png}}
\centerline{(a) Original frame (Bpp/MS-SSIM)}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{0.45\linewidth}\footnotesize
\centerline{\incl... |
1,941,325,220,017 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The theory of quasi-random graphs asks the following fundamental question: which properties
of graphs are such that any graph that satisfies them, resembles an appropriate random graph
(namely, the graph satisfies the properties that a random graph would
satisfy, with high probability). Such pr... |
1,941,325,220,018 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Intelligent robot assistants are increasingly expected to solve complex tasks in industrial environments and at home. Different from traditional industrial robots that complete a specific task in simple structured environments repeatedly, intelligent robot assistants may b... |
1,941,325,220,019 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Optical voltage sensor (OVS) based on The Pockels effect has the advantages of small volume, good insulation performance, no ferromagnetic saturation, large dynamic measurement range and high bandwidth, and is the development direction of primary measurement equipment for smart grid [1,2]. Howe... |
1,941,325,220,020 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
The nonlocal diffusion problems in the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^n$ have been recently widely used to model diffusion processes. More precisely, in \cite{Fi} the authors consider some $u(x, t)$ that models the probabilist density function of a single population at the point $x... |
1,941,325,220,021 | arxiv | \section{Implementation Details of Dropout Methods on Recommendation Models}\label{append:implementation}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.75\linewidth]{figs/BPR_1.png}
\caption{Dropout on BPR.}
\label{fig:BPR_1}
\end{figure}
We first introduce the criterion we adopt to select the implementa... |
1,941,325,220,022 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The dangerous dynamics of the coronavirus spread throughout the world gives rise to numerous studies in a wide scientific spectrum. Improving known epidemic models and developing new models are complicated tasks because the lack of verified statistics on the infection spread and disease dynamics... |
1,941,325,220,023 | arxiv | \subsection{Innovations representation and estimation} We refer the readers to \cite{Kailath:70Proc} for an exposition of historical developments of the innovations approach. In general, an innovations representation of a stationary and ergodic process may not exist. The existence of a causal encoder that maps $(x_t)... |
1,941,325,220,024 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since we celebrate today 20 years of beauty physics it may be
appropriate to start the discussion of hadronic weak interactions
by briefly recalling what was known about this subject in the seventies.
In spite of many years of intense research on $K$- and hyperon decays,
there was no coherent und... |
1,941,325,220,025 | arxiv | \section{\bf Introduction}
In their much acclaimed work Lacey and Thiele \cite{lt1}, \cite{lt2} proved the boundedness of the bilinear Hilbert
transform and established a long standing conjecture of A.P. Calder\'on. Since then the study of bilinear multiplier
operators which commute with simultaneous translations ha... |
1,941,325,220,026 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Various supergravity theories are known to arise as low energy effective
field theory limits of an underlying superstring or super $p$-brane
theory. For example, all supergravity theories in $D=10$ and $D=11$
are associated with certain superstring or super $p$-brane theories.
Supergravity theor... |
1,941,325,220,027 | arxiv |
\section*{Abstract (Not appropriate in this style!)}%
\else \small
\begin{center}{\bf Abstract\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{\z@}}\end{center}%
\quotation
\fi
}%
}{%
}%
\@ifundefined{endabstract}{\def\endabstract
{\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi}}{}%
\@ifundefined{maketitle}{\def\maketitle#1{}}{}%
\@ifun... |
1,941,325,220,028 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
~
The terminology {\it geometry of information} refers to models of databases subject to noise. This connects to quantification, storage, and communication of digital information. Applications of fundamental topics of information theory include source coding, data compression, and channel coding... |
1,941,325,220,029 | arxiv | \section{Tip localization due to particle capturing}
In this work, we investigate a model where the diffusive motion of particles on a filament ceases as soon as they arrive at a reaction site. This feature, which we refer to as particle capturing, is a key element of our model, as it drives the system out of thermal e... |
1,941,325,220,030 | arxiv | \section{Details of lattice simulations }
To test our proposed method numerically, we carry out a pilot study of SU(3) gauge theory with $N_f = 12$ degenerate fermions in the fundamental representation. We use a set of gauge configurations that were originally generated for finite-size study of this system~ \cite{Ch... |
1,941,325,220,031 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:0}
The Nirenberg problem, raised by Nirenberg in the years 1969-1970,
asks on the standard sphere $(\Sn,g_0)$ $(n\geq 2)$, if one
can find a conformally invariant metric $g$ such that the scalar curvature (Gauss curvature for $n=2$) of $g$ is equal to the given function $K$. So the Ni... |
1,941,325,220,032 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Measurements of the expansion rate history $H(t)$ of the universe, when interpreted within the
standard model of cosmology, convincingly indicate
that the universe has recently entered a phase of accelerated expansion \cite{Perlmutter:1998np,Riess:1998cb, astier, marpa... |
1,941,325,220,033 | arxiv | \section{Block Architectures}
\label{sec:app_block}
As illustrated in Section~\ref{sec:tri_res}, the local block $f^l_{\theta_l(\ell)}$ produces forecasts based on local observed PTS signals excluding redundant periodic effects.
This goal aligns with that of N-BEATS to extract informative representations from generic ... |
1,941,325,220,034 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Property testing~\cite{RS,GGR} is the study of algorithms that distinguish between objects that have a given property and those that are far from having the property, by performing a small number of queries to the object.
Goldreich and Ron~\cite{GR-dyn} initiated the study of testing \emph{dyn... |
1,941,325,220,035 | arxiv | \section*{Appendix}
\subsection*{Minimization at constant pressure}
In this section we present further details of how packings are prepared
at a constant pressure. As discussed in the main text the energy of
the system depends on the inter-particle distance:
\begin{equation}
U_{ij}=\frac{1}{2}k\left(1-\frac{r_{ij}}{R... |
1,941,325,220,036 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wetting and dewetting phenomena are ubiquitous in soft matter systems
and have a profound impact on many disciplines, including
biology~\cite{Prakash2012}, microfluidics~\cite{Geoghegan2003}, and
microfabrication~\cite{Chakraborty2010}. One problem of great interest
concerns the suspension of fl... |
1,941,325,220,037 | arxiv | \section{Abstract}
The evidence is mounting that star formation necessarily involves planet
formation. We clearly have a vested interest in finding other Earths but a
true understanding of planet formation requires completing the census and
mapping planetary architecture in all its grandeur and diversity. Here, we
show... |
1,941,325,220,038 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{SecIntro}
In physics, the concept of a discrete (space)time is gaining in interest \cite{Antippa07}. Theories, such as loop quantum gravity \cite{RV18}, use a discretization of the spacetime to solve some fundamental problems. In numerical analysis, the choice of discretization is critical ... |
1,941,325,220,039 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1:Introduction}
The Isogeometric Analysis (IGA)
was introduced by \cite{HughesCottrellBazilevs:2005a}
and has since been developed intensively, see also monograph
\cite{CottrellHughesBazilevs:2009a}, is a very suitable framework
for representing and discretizing
Partial Differential... |
1,941,325,220,040 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A rod (or rod-like body) can be regarded as a spatial curve, to which two deformable vectors, called \textit{directors} are assigned. This curve is also called \textit{directed} or \textit{Cosserat} curve. The balance laws can be stated directly in terms of the curve velocity and director velocit... |
1,941,325,220,041 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Soon after the discovery of recoil-free emission and absorption of gamma rays
by M\"{o}ssbauer\ in 1958~\cite{Moessbauer:1958,Frauenfelder:1962},
it has been suggested by Visscher that a similar effect should also exist for
neutrinos emitted in electron capture processes from unstable nuclei emb... |
1,941,325,220,042 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{N}{owdays} deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved top results in many difficult image classification
tasks. However, the number of parameters in CNN models is high which limits the use of deep models on devices with limited resources such as smartphones, embedded s... |
1,941,325,220,043 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The past two decades have seen the discovery of a number of strongly correlated materials with unconventional physical properties. Due to the competing effects of essentially electronic processes and interactions these doped Mott insulators typically exhibit complex phase diagrams which include ... |
1,941,325,220,044 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There is a growing interest in the commercial and recreational use of
drones. This in turn imposes a threat to public safety. The Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA) and NASA have reported numerous cases of
drones disturbing the airline flight operations, leading to near
collisions. It is the... |
1,941,325,220,045 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The use of spectroscopy has been showing an increasing research interest and practical applications with the advancement of spectral measurement techniques and data analysis studies in the field of chemometrics. In particular, the use of measurements in the infrared (IR) and near and infrared (N... |
1,941,325,220,046 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Plasmids are highly common in natural bacterial strains and are widely used in studies
of gene expression~\cite{Solar1998}. They have been seen as a model for genomic replication and partition~\cite{Solar1998,Nordstroem2006} and studied as genetic control systems, possibly subject to noise~\cite... |
1,941,325,220,047 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discovery of cosmic acceleration \cite{Riess:1998May, Perlmuter:1999Dec} has inspired the development of a wide range of dark energy (DE) and modified gravity models. The simplest DE candidate, the cosmological constant $\Lambda$, is a parameter in General Relativity and is consistent with a... |
1,941,325,220,048 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sect:intro}
Far-infrared astronomy, defined broadly as encompassing science at wavelengths of $30-1000\,\mu$m, is an invaluable tool in understanding all aspects of our cosmic origins. Tracing its roots to the late 1950's, with the advent of infrared detectors sensitive enough for astronom... |
1,941,325,220,049 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hidden populations are groups of individuals which i) have strong privacy concerns due to illicit or stigmatized behaviour, and ii) lack a sampling frame, i.e., their size and composition are unknown. Examples of hidden populations include several groups that are at high risk for contracting and... |
1,941,325,220,050 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
In a plethora of problems in science and engineering, one needs to decide which action to take next, based on partial information about the options available: a doctor must prescribe a medicine to a patient, a manager must allocate resources to competing projects, an ad ... |
1,941,325,220,051 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction }
Since they appeared in a celebrated counterexample to the
Cancellation Problem due to W. Danielewski \cite{Dan89}, the surfaces
defined by the equations $xz-y\left(y-1\right)=0$ and $x^{2}z-y\left(y-1\right)=0$
in $\mathbb{C}^{3}$ and their natural generalisations, such as surfaces
defined by ... |
1,941,325,220,052 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Image co-segmentation is a problem of segmenting common and salient objects from a set of related images. Since this concept was firstly introduced in 2006 ~\cite{b1}, it has attracted a lot of attentions. It has been widely used to support various computer vision applications, such as interactiv... |
1,941,325,220,053 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
While the light quarks and leptons can be regarded as perturbative
spectators to the electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB), the
massive top quark with a mass of EWSB scale suggests that top
quark is potentially enjoying a more intimate role in the flavor
dynamics and/or horizontal symmetry breaki... |
1,941,325,220,054 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction}
\input{parts/introduction}
\section{Architecture description}\label{sec:Architecture}
\input{parts/architecture}
\section{Detection, classification, and context identification}\label{sec:GroundTruth}
\input{parts/groundTruth}
\section{Clustering, novelty ... |
1,941,325,220,055 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{introduction}
\section{Preliminaries}
\label{preliminaries}
\input{preliminar}
\section{Product states}
\label{products}
\input{products}
\section{Separable states}
\label{separable}
\input{separable}
\section{Multiple copies}
\label{multiple}
\input{multiple}
\section{1$\t... |
1,941,325,220,056 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Recent developments in experimental technology and theoretical modeling have significantly advanced the study of exotic nuclei.
The existence of superheavy nuclei in the limit of a great number of protons has long been a subject of interest in nuclear physics~\cite{sob07,oga15,ada2... |
1,941,325,220,057 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Every year, the wise people who organize the European School of
Particle Physics feel it necessary to subject young experimentalists to
a course of lectures on `Beyond the Standard Model'. They treat this
subject as if it were a discipline of science that one could study and
master. Of course,... |
1,941,325,220,058 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magnetic monopoles found after gauge-fixing into the maximum Abelian gauge
have been successful in explaining the fundamental string tension at
$T=0$ in $SU(2)$ lattice gauge theory \cite{jssnrw}. However, there has
been an apparent serious problem with the spacial string tension at finite
temp... |
1,941,325,220,059 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the QCD ground state confinement and chiral symmetry breaking are intertwined
as lattice simulations have now established~\cite{LATTICE}. The loss of confinement
with increasing temperature as described by a jump in the Polyakov line is followed
by a rapid cross-over in the chiral condensa... |
1,941,325,220,060 | arxiv | \section{Methodology}
\input{sections/method}
\section{Results}
\input{sections/results}
\section{Discussion and Conclusions}
\input{sections/discussion}
\section*{Acknowledgements}
This material is based on work funded by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (... |
1,941,325,220,061 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The physics of ordered (crystals) and disordered (glasses) solid states
and their interrelation has been subject to investigations in various
model systems \cite{Pusey1986,Ivlev2012}. Such model systems capture
typical features of more complex matter and often allow for the variation
of the ... |
1,941,325,220,062 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The minimal model conjecture predicts that
an arbitrary algebraic variety is
birational to either a minimal model or a Mori fibre space $\pi \colon V \rightarrow B$.
A distinguished property of Mori fibre spaces in characteristic zero is that
any relative numerically trivial line bundle i... |
1,941,325,220,063 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Preliminaries}
For a complex number $z$ and $c\neq 0,-1,-2,-3,\ldots$,
the {\em hypergeometric series }is defined by:
$$
1+ \sum_{n=1}^\infty
\frac{(a)_n(b)_n}{(c)_n(1)_n} z^n.
$$
Here $(a)_n$ denotes the shifted factorial notation defined, in terms of the gamma function,
by:
$$(a)_n=\frac{\G... |
1,941,325,220,064 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consider the one dimensional Rosenau equation:
\begin{equation}
u_t + u_{xxxxt} = f(u)_x, \quad (x,t) \in (a,b) \times (0,T] \label{Eq1.1}
\end{equation}
with initial condition
\begin{equation}
u(x,0) = u_0(x), \quad x \in (a, b), \label{Eq1.2}\\
\end{equation}
and the boundary conditions
\b... |
1,941,325,220,065 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Our understanding of primordial fluctuations in the early
universe was revolutionized first with inflation and then
by the actual detection of temperature fluctuations in the
cosmic microwave background
(CMB). Inflation gave the spectrum of
fluctuations, but not the normalization. The COBE-DMR... |
1,941,325,220,066 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we consider extremal Betti numbers of Vietoris-Rips complexes. Given a finite set of points $S$ in Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$, we define the \textit{Vietoris-Rips complex} $R^{\epsilon}(S)$, or \textit{Rips complex}, as the simplicial complex whose faces are given by all subset... |
1,941,325,220,067 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In joint work with Kyu-Hwan Lee and Phil Lombardo \cite{LLS-A}, the author reinterpreted the Casselman-Shalika formula expression due to Brubaker-Bump-Friedberg \cite{BBF:11-ann,BBF:11-book} and Bump-Nakasuji \cite{BN:10} as a sum over the crystal graph (based on work of Tokuyama \cite{Tok:88}) ... |
1,941,325,220,068 | arxiv | \section*{Appendix \thesection\protect\indent \parbox[t]{11.15cm} {#1} } \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Appendix \thesection\ \ \ #1} }
\def\mapa#1{\smash{\mathop{\longrightarrow }\limits_{#1} }}
\def |
1,941,325,220,069 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Finite time system identification---the problem of estimating the parameters of an unknown dynamical system given a finite time series of its output---is an important problem in the context of time-series analysis, control theory, economics and reinforcement learning. In this work w... |
1,941,325,220,070 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recently, Brown et al$.$~(2007, hereafter BBRS) announced the
discovery of a collisional family associated with the Kuiper belt
object known as (136108) 2003~EL$_{61}$ (hereafter referred to as
EL$_{61}$). With a diameter of $\sim\!1500\,$km (Rabinowitz et
al$.$~2006), EL$_{61... |
1,941,325,220,071 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is believed that Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) are
accelerated by supernova remnant (SNRs) or massive star clusters in our Galaxy. CR protons
interact with the interstellar gas and produce neutral pions
(schematically written as $p+p\rightarrow \pi^0+{\rm other \,
products}$), which in turn deca... |
1,941,325,220,072 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
In the restricted three-body problem, the Lidov-Kozai resonance
provides a way
for an external perturber to torque test particle orbits
to high eccentricity and inclination \citep{lidov62,kozai62}.
When the perturber's orbit is circular ($e_2 = 0$),
and when the inclination $I$... |
1,941,325,220,073 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Surface Quasigeostrophic equation (SQG) of geophysical origin (\cite{held}) was proposed as a two dimensional model for the study of inviscid incompressible formation of singularities (\cite{c}, \cite{cmt}). While the global regularity of all solutions of SQG whose initial data are smooth is... |
1,941,325,220,074 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The determination of heavy quarkonium properties from QCD has always
been a major objective in high energy physics. In this respect, the
development of effective field theories (EFT) directly derived from
QCD like NRQCD~\cite{Caswell:1985ui} or pNRQCD~\cite{Pineda:1997bj}
(for a review see Ref.~... |
1,941,325,220,075 | arxiv | \subsection{Bi-superintuitionistic and Tense Deductive Systems}\label{sec:preliminaries2}
We begin by reviewing definitions and basic facts concerning the structures dealt with in this section.
\subsubsection{Bi-superintuitionistic Deductive Systems, bi-Heyting Algebras, and bi-Esakia Spaces}
We work in the \emph{bi-s... |
1,941,325,220,076 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Discovery of more than two hundred supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with masses ${\rm \gtrsim\, 10^9\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}}$ within the first $\sim$ Gyr after the Big Bang~\citep{Fan01,Will10,Mor11,Wu15,Ban18,Mat18,Wan19,She19,Mat19} have challenged our general understanding of bl... |
1,941,325,220,077 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{akg:sec:intro}
Wealth is accumulated in various forms and factors. The continual exchange of wealth
(a value assigned) among the agents in an economy gives rise to interesting and many often
universal statistical distributions of individual wealth. Here the word `wealth' is used
in a ge... |
1,941,325,220,078 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A \defn{point\,--\,line configuration} is a set $P$ of \defn{points} and a set $L$ of \defn{lines} together with an \defn{incidence relation}, where two points of $P$ can be incident with at most one line of~$L$ and two lines of~$L$ can be incident with at most one point of $P$. Throughout the p... |
1,941,325,220,079 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The baby Skyrme model appeared firstly as an analogical model (on plane) to the Skyrme model in three-dimensional space. Since the target space of Skyrme model is $SU(2)$, \cite{Skyrme1961}, \cite{Skyrme1962}, \cite{Skyrme1971}, then for baby Skyrme model the target space is $S^{2}$. In these bot... |
1,941,325,220,080 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
In 1998, two independent studies of distant supernovae discovered the accelerated expansion of the universe \cite{Riess:1998cb,Perlmutter:1998np}, which is one of the most surprising astronomical discoveries in history. One can explain the accelerated expansion by introducing a ... |
1,941,325,220,081 | arxiv | \section{The Neutrino Oscillation Status}
\noindent
Today's neutrino oscillation experimental evidence is consistent with a 3{$\nu$}\ framework~\cite{Ref_3nuGlobalAnalysis}.
This is in agreement with the observed three families of charged fermions making part of the \emph{Standard Model of Particle Physics} ({\bf SM})... |
1,941,325,220,082 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Time Synchronization in Large Distributed Systems}
The problem of time synchronization in large distributed systems
consists of giving all the physically disjoint elements of the
system a common time scale on which to operate. This common time
scale is usually achieved by periodica... |
1,941,325,220,083 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Due to their practical importance, multi-agent collision avoidance and control have been extensively studied across different communities including AI, robotics and control. Considering continuous stochastic trajectories, reflecting each agent's uncertainty about its neighbours' time-indexed loc... |
1,941,325,220,084 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In recent years the WIMP paradigm has become increasingly unpopular due to the stringent limits being placed on the spin-independent direct detection~(SIDD) scattering cross section of dark matter~(DM) with nuclei from experiments such as XENON1T~\cite{Aprile:2017iyp}. Analogou... |
1,941,325,220,085 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{author sec:1}
In this data driven area, the amount and complexity of the available data grows at an almost incredible speed. Therefore, there is a high need to develop novel tools to cope with such complex data structures. Whereas the first statistical techniques were designed only to ma... |
1,941,325,220,086 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A specific model of nonlinear electrodynamics was proposed by Born
and Infeld in 1934 \cite{BI} founded on a principle of finiteness,
namely, that a satisfactory theory should avoid physical
quantities becoming infinite. The Born-Infeld model was inspired
mainly to remedy the fact that the sta... |
1,941,325,220,087 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{ransmit} precoding (TPC) is a channel-adaptive technique of precompensating the deleterious channel effects about to be encountered based on the knowledge of channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter (CSIT) \cite{MIMO}. Given the limited bandwidth of control channels in... |
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