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1,941,325,219,788 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The finding of long-range magnetic ordering in 2D magnetic materials has been attracting considerable research interest on different forefronts ranging from fundamentals up to energy-efficient applications\cite{huang2017layer,Gong2017,GuguchiaSciAdv,wahab2021quantum,GuguchiaSantos,Wahab21,Cant... |
1,941,325,219,789 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The strong east-west zonal winds at the cloud-level of Jupiter and
Saturn have been observed to be largely stable over the past several
decades, based on the detection of cloud motion \citep{Sanchez-Lavega2000,Porco2003,Garcia-Melendo2011,Tollefson2017}.
The winds on Jupiter are organized in alt... |
1,941,325,219,790 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{C}{ryogenic} temperatures have been posing challenges to device simulators since the 1980s \cite{selberherr,kantner,gao,mohiyaddin_multiphysics_2019}. The lowest simulate-able temperatures have improved today, but the problem remains essentially the same. Th... |
1,941,325,219,791 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
\label{sect:intro}
Planets are known to be able to form in a variety of
environments, some of which are believed to be hostile
to their genesis. A good illustration of this statement is
provided by planets detected in close binary systems, such
as $\gamma$ Cephei (Hatzes et al.~ 2003). ... |
1,941,325,219,792 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since repetitions play such an important role in most of the musical genres \cite{margulis2014repeat}, in this paper we aim at automatically identify repetitions that are intrinsic for a genre. We call a (melodic) sequence of notes that repeats in a piece of music a {\bf pattern}. A repetition o... |
1,941,325,219,793 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The naturalness problem of the Fermi scale in the Standard Model (SM) amounts
to understand the lightness of the Higgs boson relative to any mass scale in
the theory, whatever it may be, that completes the SM itself at high energies,
or in the Ultra-Violet (UV). If the relative Higgs lightne... |
1,941,325,219,794 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subfile{sections/introduction}
\section{Related Work}
\label{sec:relatedwork}
\subfile{sections/relatedwork}
\section{Problem Formulation}
\subfile{sections/overview}
\section{LANN Architecture}
\label{sec:lann}
\subfile{sections/architecture}
\section{Model Complexity}
\label{sec:complex}
\... |
1,941,325,219,795 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A stationary vacuum spacetime is given by $(\tilde{M},\tilde{g}_{\mu\nu},\xi^{\mu})$, where $\tilde{M}$ is a four-dimensional manifold, $\tilde{g}_{\mu\nu}$ is a Lorentzian metric with signature $(+---)$ that satisfy Einstein's vacuum equations (i.e. $Ric[\tilde{g}]=0$), and $\xi^{\mu}$ is a time... |
1,941,325,219,796 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Pattern formation occurs in a huge variety of natural and living systems\label{intro} \cite{Ball1999}, from chemical reactions \cite{Kapral1995,Kuramoto2003} to living cells \cite{Kondo2010,Koch1994,Halatek2018} to environmental patterns \cite{Meron2019}. In systems described by reaction-diffusio... |
1,941,325,219,797 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Gelation in soft matter is a complex and important phenomenon that has many practical applications ranging from the use in household materials to advanced technological processes \cite{Chen2011,Wang2012,Sacanna2013,Demortiere2014,Sherman2021,Lattuada2022}.
A common property of gels is their abil... |
1,941,325,219,798 | arxiv | \section{Abstract}
{\bf Keywords:} Genomics, GWAS, eQTL, COPD, Bipartite Networks, Community Structure \\[5mm]
Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and eQTL analyses have produced a large and growing number of genetic associations linked to a wide range of human phenotypes. As of 2013, there were more than 11,000 SNP... |
1,941,325,219,799 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Pulsar radio emission produces some of the most information-rich signals
found in astronomy. Variation exists over a wide range of time scales,
from ns-duration giant pulses \citep{hankins:crab_ns}, to tiny
decade-scale timing fluctuations that may eventually result in the fi... |
1,941,325,219,800 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec 1}
The Birch--Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture motivates a great mount of work enriching our understanding of the central values of various $L$-functions. In \cite{MM}, M. R. Murty and V. K. Murty obtained an asymptotic formula for the first moment of the derivative of quadratic twists o... |
1,941,325,219,801 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In a recent paper \cite{BrendleMarques}, Brendle and Marques proved the following theorem on scalar curvature rigidity of geodesic balls in the standard
$ n$-dimensional sphere $ \mathbb{S}^n$.
\begin{thm}[Brendle and Marques \cite{BrendleMarques}] \label{thm-BM}
Let $\Omega=B(\delta) \subs... |
1,941,325,219,802 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
As is well known, active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are characterized
not only by the large range and bimodal distribution of their
radio loudness, but also by jets of powering large-scale radio
structure. It has been observed that AGNs can approximately be
divided into two classes: radio-loud (RL) ... |
1,941,325,219,803 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs), the most luminous galaxies in clusters, are typically old and red elliptical galaxies which lie near the center of the cluster. These galaxies appear to be special or distinct from other cluster galaxies in many ways. They are generally uniform in color \citep{... |
1,941,325,219,804 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Lab on a chip technologies offer a range of unique opportunities for preparation and manipulation of molecular species. In particular, the compartmentalisation of biomolecules into monodisperse, micrometer-sized droplets allows for quantitative, high-throughput biochemical studies such as direct... |
1,941,325,219,805 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
In the present paper we study quantile risk measures and their domain.
Our starting point is that,
for a probability measure $ Q $ on the open unit interval and a wide class $ \LL_Q $ of random variables,
we define the quantile risk measure $ \varrho_Q $ ... |
1,941,325,219,806 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recent years have seen breakthrough successes in the area of reinforcement learning, leveraging deep neural networks to learn complex behaviors from high-dimensional data \cite{Mnih2015HumanlevelCT,Lillicrap2015ContinuousCW,Silver2016MasteringTG,Schulman2017ProximalPO,Hessel201... |
1,941,325,219,807 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Lattice Monte Carlo methods are able to provide nonperturbative access to observables in quantum field theories. They are unique in this respect for many strongly coupled theories. Under certain circumstances, such as at finite density of relativistic fermions and the Hubbard model away from half... |
1,941,325,219,808 | arxiv | \section{Generalized probabilistic theories}
\subsection{Preliminaries}
{\bf (A) State space}: State space $\varOmega$ of a system $S_{ys}\equiv(\varOmega, \mathcal{E})$ is a convex-compact set embedded in the positive cone $V_+$ of some real vector space $V$. Convexity assures statistical mixture of different valid p... |
1,941,325,219,809 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
\indent Given an open set $E\subset \SR^{n}\times\SR$, we denote by $C^{2,1} (E)$ the set of real-valued functions
$u(x,t)$ on $E$ such that the partial
derivatives $\partial_t u $ and $\partial^2_{x_i,x_j} u $, $1\leq i, j\leq n$,
all exist and are c... |
1,941,325,219,810 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The star $\beta$ Cephei (HD\,205021) is the prototype of a class of hot
pulsating variables. For complete reviews on $\beta$ Cephei stars, we refer
the readers to \citet{aerts03}, who describe in detail
the line-profile variations and to \citet{sterken92},
who give an overview of the photometric ... |
1,941,325,219,811 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The relationships among spin, orbital, and lattice degrees of freedom are a central issue in iron pnictides since fluctuations in these channels are potentially at the origin of high-$T_{\rm c}$ superconductivity.
The problem is best illustrated by the presence of two interrelated structural a... |
1,941,325,219,812 | arxiv |
\section{Data and Analysis}
The MINERvA\xspace detector was exposed to the NuMI neutrino beam at Fermilab, configured for this analysis to produce a beam consisting of $>95\%$ $\nu_\mu$ at the peak energy of 3~GeV. The neutrino flux is predicted
using a Geant4-based simulation tuned to hadron production
data~\c... |
1,941,325,219,813 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\mathfrak{S}_n$ be the set of permutation of $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$. A permutation $\sigma=\sigma_1\cdots\sigma_n\in\mathfrak{S}_n$ is called 321-\emph{avoiding} (123-\emph{avoiding}, respectively) if it has no decreasing (increasing, respectively) subsequence of length three. Let $\mathfrak{S}_n... |
1,941,325,219,814 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Measurements of the number of particles produced in the final states of high-energy hadron-nucleus (p-A) collisions have opened new windows in the study of dense partonic systems.
Indeed, the multiplicity of particles detected in p-A collisions in the region of fragmentation of the hadrons is ex... |
1,941,325,219,815 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract:}
Hybrid metal-organic perovskite solar cells have astounded the solar cell community with their rapid rise in efficiency over the past three years. Despite this success, the basic processes governing the photogeneration of free charges, particularly their dynamics and efficiency, remain unknown. Her... |
1,941,325,219,816 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgment}
\end{document}
|
1,941,325,219,817 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Light scalar fields may constitute \ac{ULDM} candidates \cite{Arvanitaki:2014faa, Graham:2015ifn,Stadnik:2014tta,Banerjee:2018xmn}. If these fields are sufficiently light, they oscillate in time, and can lead to temporal variations in various constants of Nature. We are interested in the possibil... |
1,941,325,219,818 | arxiv | \section{Background}
\label{sec:background}
In this section we discuss the concept of critical interference that our work is based on,
and present a general framework to bound response-times of DAG tasks scheduled under G-FP.
In the next section, we summarize the state-of-the-art analyses for G-FP and
give an overv... |
1,941,325,219,819 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $g$ be a barycenter of a triangle. Then the areas of three triangles made up of $g$ and its edges are one and the same, as is shown by an elementary argument. In view of this fact, $g$ is entitled to be called the area center of the triangle. A general $n$-gon, however, does not always have a... |
1,941,325,219,820 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
NGC\,253 is a prototypical starburst galaxy at a distance of 3.94\,Mpc
\citep{karachentsev_03a}. It is a late-type spiral galaxy with a high
inclination angle of $78.5^\circ\pm0.5^\circ$ \citep{pence_80a}. This
allows observations of extra-planar components of the interstellar
medium (ISM) a... |
1,941,325,219,821 | arxiv | \section{Conclusions}
\label{sec:concl}
\vspace{1mm}
This paper presents a novel GAN-based defense approach for end-to-end learning of communications systems, which uses a generative network to model powerful adversarial perturbations and jointly train the end-to-end communications system against the generative attack ... |
1,941,325,219,822 | arxiv | \section{Experimental protocol}
A mixture of ${\sim}3{\times} 10^{5}$ sodium atoms and ${\sim} 3{\times}10^4$ NaLi molecules in the triplet ro-vibrational ground-state is produced in a $1,596$-nm one dimensional (1D) optical lattice created by retro-reflecting the trapping beam. The sample is confined as an array of ${... |
1,941,325,219,823 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Decision making (DM) is an essential cognitive process of human beings. Over time, different models have emerged to help us \nuevo{to} solve DM problems. In particular, \nuevo{multi-person} multi-criteria decision making \nuevo{(MpMcDM)} models \nuevo{consider} the evaluations of multiple expert... |
1,941,325,219,824 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consistent quantum theory with unitary time evolution and probabilistic interpretation for
certain classes of non-Hermitian systems have been the subject of intrinsic research
in frontier physics over the last one and half decade \cite{ben,rev,rev1}. The huge success of complex
quantum theor... |
1,941,325,219,825 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Continuous time series usually consists of a series of data collected on different time points at a different sampling frequencies. Based on the sampling frequency as well as the availability of data, some time points in the series can have missing observations for many of the t... |
1,941,325,219,826 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Our understanding of gamma-ray bursts (GRB) prompt emission have been
revolutionized in the past few years. This is thanks to new
observatories, in particular the {\it Swift} and {\it Fermi}
satellites, new methods of data analysis, and new theoretical ideas of
interpreting the... |
1,941,325,219,827 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we study natural geometric structures arising on certain torus bundles over hyperK\"ahler (HK) manifolds. In particular, we find solutions to the Einstein equations on these bundles and in the case when they are of rank $4$, we show that they admit quaternion-K\"ahler (QK) and hype... |
1,941,325,219,828 | arxiv | \section{Algorithm to Maximize the Dual} \label{sec:alg}
We have seen that an energy minimization problem with inequalities can be solved
by considering the corresponding problem with equalities. Thus, in this section
we focus on solving the problem with equalities only. To this end, we employ the
standard cutting... |
1,941,325,219,829 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Sec:Intro}
Let $\mathcal{A}=\mathrm{k}\mathcal{Q}/I$ be a symmetric quiver algebra over the field $\mathrm{k}$ of complex numbers. We fix a $\mathcal{Q}_0$-graded $\mathrm{k}$-vector space $V$ and denote the representation variety of representations with underlying vector space $V$ by $R(\... |
1,941,325,219,830 | arxiv | \section{Methodology} \label{sec:methodology}
\par
\subsection{BERMo}
\begin{figure}[htbp
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.8\columnwidth]{Images/BERMo.jpg}
\caption{Proposed model architecture BERMo}
\label{fig:elbert}
\end{figure}
\begin{wrapfigure}{R}{0.62\textwidth}... |
1,941,325,219,831 | arxiv | \subsubsection{
\begin{document}
\title{On weak
differential uniformity of vectorial Boolean functions as a cryptographic criterion
}
\author{Riccardo Aragona \and
Marco Calderini \and
Daniele Maccauro \and
Massimiliano Sala
}
\institute{F. Author \at
first add... |
1,941,325,219,832 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the central problems in artificial intelligence and computational social choice is aggregating preferences of individual agents (see the overview of Conitzer~\cite{Conitzer10}).
Here we focus on {\em multi-winner choice}, where the goal is to select a $k$-element subset of a set of candi... |
1,941,325,219,833 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper is an announcement of a new approach to higher order Fourier analysis. It contains proofs and some explanations but a longer, more detailed version is on the way. The next paper will contain further results on the structure of higher order characters and will have a special emphasis o... |
1,941,325,219,834 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent work \cite{DTKQ}, Demskoi, Tran, van der Kamp and Quispel (DTKQ) introduced a one-parameter family of birational maps,
given by the $N$th-order difference equation
\beq\label{dtkq}
\Big( u_n+u_{n+1}+\ldots +u_{n+N} \Big) \, u_{n+1}u_{n+2}\cdots u_{n+N-1}=\al,
\eeq
for each inte... |
1,941,325,219,835 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The problem of a two-state quantum system driven by a time-dependent pulsed
external field plays a central role in quantum physics \cite{Shore}. First
of all, this problem is interesting by itself both physically and
mathematically: physically, because the two-state system is the simplest
nontri... |
1,941,325,219,836 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many tasks in smart cities, such as visual crowd counting, rely on processing images and videos captured by surveillance cameras placed throughout the city. Typically, the input captured by several cameras is transmitted to an edge server or a cloud server in order to be processed by deep neura... |
1,941,325,219,837 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
A variety of recent studies have emphasized the importance of faint, low mass galaxies at high redshifts. The steep faint-end slope of the UV luminosity function at $z\gtrsim2$ indicates that faint galaxies make a significant contribution to the global star formation rate densi... |
1,941,325,219,838 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a modulation format that is
well-known and well-studied in the communications literature
\cite{proakis}. FSK is an attractive transmission scheme due to its
high energy efficiency and suitability for noncoherent
communications. For instance, under unknown channel ... |
1,941,325,219,839 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this article we discuss applications of Bayesian network methods for solving typical and highly demanding tasks in psychology.
We compute overall estimates of the psychological personality traits, based on given answers on offered psychological tests, as well as a comprehensive study of the s... |
1,941,325,219,840 | arxiv | \section{Stochastic models of growth}
\label{supp1}
The stochastic processes described in the main text can be described using a master equation. Consider the probability $P(r,b;t)$ that a system at time $t$ contains $r \geq 0 $ red and $b \geq 0$ blue particles. For brevity we will write this probability as $P(r,b)$,... |
1,941,325,219,841 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Technology increasingly mediates low-resourced and marginalized people's access to social and economic resources, like employment \cite{dillahunt2019dreamgigs, ogbonnaya2019towards, irani2013turkopticon, salehi2015dynamo}, transportation \cite{dillahunt2017uncovering}, healthcare \cite{harringto... |
1,941,325,219,842 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[t]
{\caption{Examples of dense and scribble annotations. BG, RV, Myo, LV, and UA represent the background, right ventricle, myocardium, left ventricle, and unannotated pixels respectively.
}}
{\includegraphics[width=1.0\linewidth]{show_difference.pdf}}
\end{figure}\label{diff... |
1,941,325,219,843 | arxiv | \section{Kinetic energy evolution}
The time evolution of the kinetic energy $E=\langle \rho u^2 /2 \rangle$ for our runs ${\tt NB1, NB3, B1, B2}$, and 3D run ${\tt B3}$ [see Table I (main text)] is shown in \subfig{vort:bub}{a-d}. We observe that the kinetic energy attains statistically steady state at $t/\tau_s \appro... |
1,941,325,219,844 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Activity in neuronal networks influences their coupling structure
due to spike time-dependent synaptic plasticity (STDP) \citep{Bi98},
which, in turn, influences the activity. Several works analytically
investigated structures appearing in networks of neurons with plastic
synapses under the inf... |
1,941,325,219,845 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The observation of an excitation gap above $T_c$ (called the
``pseudogap'') in the underdoped cuprate superconductors has been the
focus of much current research. Presumably an understanding of this
state will help unravel the formal machinery, if not the attractive
pairing mec... |
1,941,325,219,846 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Privacy is central in many application domains, where parties jointly solve optimization problems. These interactions and collaborations are desirable to gain mutual benefits. For example, independent hospitals would like to coordinate for diagnostic decision making based on their existing patie... |
1,941,325,219,847 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The scope of algorithmic composition includes a wide range of tasks, which consist of the creation of melodies, chords, rhythms or even lyrics, i.e., all the typical components of music. The purpose of this work is to present the output of the neural network without any modifications. The aim of ... |
1,941,325,219,848 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consider the case in which we have $n$ individuals observed at
certain time points. These data are then considered to be comprised
of $n$ time series, which is a typical panel data situation.
Suppose that we are interested in clustering the $n$ individuals
on a number of, say, $G$ clusters base... |
1,941,325,219,849 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) technique is one of the
simplest methods for determining extragalactic distances out to
$\sim 20$~Mpc. One takes a deep exposure of a galaxy through a filter
which passes light at [O~III] $\lambda 5007$, and compares the image
to a slightly deep... |
1,941,325,219,850 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
\begin{adjustwidth}{30pt}{30pt}
\textit{A day in the near future: Autonomous vehicles are swarming the streets all over the world, tirelessly collecting data. But on this cold November afternoon traffic comes to an abrupt halt as it suddenly begins to snow: winter is coming... |
1,941,325,219,851 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\begin{figure}[t]
\vspace{-0.5mm}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.75\linewidth]{./figures/teaser.pdf}
\vspace{-2.2mm}
\caption{\small Video segmentation tasks can be formulated as partitioning video frames (\emph{e.g}\onedot} \def\Eg{\emph{E.g}\onedot, a clip) into tube... |
1,941,325,219,852 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The McKean-Vlasov SDEs, also called mean-field SDEs or distribution dependent SDEs, have attracted much attention in recent years, which was initiated by McKean \cite{M}. Roughly speaking, these are SDEs where their coefficients also depend on the distribution of solutions.
This type of models... |
1,941,325,219,853 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
While the fifth generation (5G) communication has been expected to be utilized in various industrial fields, it is considered that a wider diffusion will be required as a type of further development in the future sixth generation~(6G) era~\cite{DOCOMO}. An extremely large number of Internet of Th... |
1,941,325,219,854 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The first decade of operation of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
was dedicated mostly to Au+Au collisions
at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV.
Those measurements accumulated enough evidence in support of a deconfined partonic phase
on nuclear matter in the early stages of heavy ion collision... |
1,941,325,219,855 | arxiv | \section{Title of the first section}
The anisotropy of the FD above $T_C$ is still a relatively unexplored issue. The GL theory predicts that the fluctuation-induced magnetic susceptibility when $H$ is parallel to the crystallographic $ab$ planes is related to the one when $H\perp ab$ through $\Delta\chi_\parallel=\D... |
1,941,325,219,856 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The capability of continuous self localization is fundamental to autonomous service robots. Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) has been proposed and studied for decades in robotics and computer vision. There have been a number of open source SLAM systems with careful designs and... |
1,941,325,219,857 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The inner region of the Milky Way's stellar halo has long been thought to be composed of a single stellar population, characterized by old ages and low metallicities with a single abundance peak at ${\rm [Fe/H]} \approx -1.6$ \citep{ryan:91}, along with a small net rotational velocity around the... |
1,941,325,219,858 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) are a particular class of two-dimensional (2D) materials that exhibit massive Dirac fermions at the two inequivalent valleys
$K$ and $K'$ in the first Brillouin zone \cite{Xiao2012, Xiao2013,Xiao2014,Xu2014,Yu2014,Glasov2014, MacDonald2015,Xu201... |
1,941,325,219,859 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Although a useful universal quantum computer
\cite{nielsen:00,nishimori:01} is far from reality at the moment, the
advent of quantum annealing (QA) machines based on quantum adiabatic
optimization techniques
\cite{finnila:94,kadowaki:98,brooke:99,farhi:00,roland:02,santoro:02,das:05,santoro:06,l... |
1,941,325,219,860 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To illustrate the order batching and picker routing problem consider the example warehouse shown in Figure~\ref{fig1}.
In that figure we show a (small) warehouse with four aisles running North$\leftrightarrow$South.
For ease of discussion we shall use compass directions (North, South, East, W... |
1,941,325,219,861 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
We investigate gravitational lensing effects of spherically symmetric black holes in Einstein Quartic Gravity (EQG).
Using an approximate analytic solution obtained by continued fraction methods we consider the predictions of EQG for lensing effects by supermassive black holes at the cente... |
1,941,325,219,862 | arxiv | \section{Introduction v2}
\section{Introduction}
Topological phases often exhibit unconventional edge states with unusual properties - for example the chiral edges of the quantum Hall phases, Majorana end states of topological superconducting wires, and the helical edges of topological insulators. In equilibrium sett... |
1,941,325,219,863 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec-intro}
Infrared spectroscopy probes the chemistry of the surface layers of protoplanetary discs, but provides little information about the dust composition of layers deep inside the disc and the midplane
\citep{2004ASPC..309..213C,2011ppcd.book..114H}. Furthermore, the derived chemi... |
1,941,325,219,864 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and statement of results}
In the last few years there have been associated to a knot $K \subset S^3$ various multiply-graded modules, each one exhibiting a classical knot polynomial as its graded Euler characteristic. It now seems likely that such \emph{knot homologies} exist for each polynomial... |
1,941,325,219,865 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Galactic accelerators are likely responsible for the dominant component of cosmic rays observed on Earth (below $10^{15}\,$eV), given their containment by the Galactic magnetic field (e.g.,~\cite{Cesarsky80,Hillas84,Strong07}). The recent gamma-ray observations support that the main sources of t... |
1,941,325,219,866 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many extensions of the standard model (SM) contain hidden sectors that have no
renormalizable interactions with SM particles. Notably, realistic embeddings of
the standard model in $E_8\times E_8$ heterotic closed string theory as well as in
type I, IIA, or IIB open string theory with branes, of... |
1,941,325,219,867 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Suppose that we wish to quantize a memoryless, $d$-dimensional source with a distortion not larger than $D$. More specifically, suppose a source produces the sequence of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.), $d$-dimensional, real-valued, random vectors $\{\vect{X}_k,... |
1,941,325,219,868 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
When studying a complex system, physicists will typically begin by proposing a highly simplified model that includes a few relevant properties of the system. The broad utilization of this strategy inspired the well-known joke in the physics community regarding a ``spherical co... |
1,941,325,219,869 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
The bending rigidity is a crucial feature exhibited by many polymers of biological interest such as double-stranded DNA or actin\cite{bustamante1994,kas1996,ober2000} that critically determines the functionality of those biomolecules. More precisely, it has been shown that the s... |
1,941,325,219,870 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Secret sharing is an important cryptographic primitive originally motivated by the need to distribute secure information among parties some of whom are untrustworthy \cite{shamir79,blakley79}. Additionally, it finds applications in secure multi-party distributed computation \... |
1,941,325,219,871 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{QS co-Hopfian Menger curves}
In recent years quasiconformal geometry of fractal spaces has been investigated extensively, see for instance \cite{Bonk:ICM,Bonk:SCUnif,BonkMerenkov,BKM,BLM,Kleiner:ICM,MTW,Mer:coHopf}. Much of this interest is rooted in questions arising in geometric... |
1,941,325,219,872 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $M \subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ be a closed hypersurface. We consider the following curvature equation in a general form:
\begin{equation}\label{Curvature equation}
\sigma_k (\kappa(X)) = f (X, \nu (X)) \quad \text{for $X\in M$},
\end{equation}
where $\kappa (X)$ and $\nu (X)$ are principal... |
1,941,325,219,873 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
In this article, we construct and analyse explicit numerical splitting methods for a class of semi-linear stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with additive noise, where the drift is allowed to grow polynomially and satisfies a global one-sided Lipschitz condition. The methods are proved to be ... |
1,941,325,219,874 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:vpintro}Introduction}
Computation (the use of the computer to solve numerically, simulate or visualize a physical problem) has revolutionized scientific research and engineering practice.
In science and engineering, computation is considered to be as important as theory and experiment \cite{siams... |
1,941,325,219,875 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Observations of early-type galaxies with the {\em Chandra} X-ray
Observatory have shown that a significant fraction of low-mass X-ray
binaries (LMXBs) in these galaxies are associated with globular
clusters (GCs) \citep[see][for a review]{fab06}.
The fraction of LMXBs
identifi... |
1,941,325,219,876 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The recent discoveries of x-ray (Costa et al 1997) afterglow emission
from gamma-ray burst (GRB) sources provided the long-awaited
breakthrough needed for settling the distance scale. The fading
soft/medium x-ray sources detected by BeppoSAX for several
bursts were bright enough to be imaged... |
1,941,325,219,877 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Starting with the pioneering work by Dubovitskii and Milyutin \cite{DubMil65_}, it has become natural, when dealing with optimization and other related problems, to reformulate optimality and other properties under investigation as a kind of extremal behaviour of certain collections... |
1,941,325,219,878 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
H\,{\sc i} studies of galaxies are critical to understanding how galaxies evolve, as hydrogen is the primary fuel for star formation. A number of parameters, both internal and external, are believed to play important roles in regulating the H\,{\sc i} gas in galaxies and theref... |
1,941,325,219,879 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Together with the Global Neuronal Workspace, Integrated Information Theory (IIT) \cite{Balduzzi2008,Tononi2008,Oizumi2014,tononi2016integrated,Tononi2017} is currently the most prominent approach to obtaining a scientific theory of consciousness, i.e, a theory that can identify the neural correl... |
1,941,325,219,880 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Models of bibliographic data need to consider many kinds of information.
Articles are usually accompanied by metadata such as authors,
publication data, categories and time. Cited papers can also be
available. When authors' topic preferences are modelled, we need to
associate the document to... |
1,941,325,219,881 | arxiv |
\section{The Training Details}
\vspace{-1 mm}
The backbones of classification-based (\textit{Clas}) and regression-based (\textit{Reg}) baseline networks are initialized with ImageNet \cite{deng2009imagenet} pretrained model.
In \textit{Clas}, the output resolution of 3D-heatmaps is 28 $\times$ 28 $\times$ 28. The M... |
1,941,325,219,882 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section:intro}
In a graph $G=(V,E)$, a {\em bisection} $(X,Y)$ is a partition of $V$ into sets $X$ and $Y$ such that $|X|\le |Y|\le |X|+1$. The {\em size} of $(X,Y)$ is the number of edges
between $X$ and $Y$. In the {\sc Max Bisection} problem we are given a graph $G=(V,E)$ and are requi... |
1,941,325,219,883 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is widely accepted that the radio emission in BL Lac objects is
dominated by synchrotron radiation from a relativistic jet pointed
towards the observer, thus explaining, among other things, the
superluminal velocities and rapid variability observed in several
objects. Such a favourable orient... |
1,941,325,219,884 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Due to the recent progress in the acquisition by laser scanners, photogrammetry and diagnostic devices and the popularity of remote sensing technologies,
there has been an exponential growth in the availability of data and the need of efficient representations. A good representation model must b... |
1,941,325,219,885 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The time evolution of the mass density $\rho\geq 0$ and the velocity $u=\left(u^{(1)},u^{(2)},u^{(3)}\right)^\top$ $\in \mathbb{R}^3$ of a general viscous isentropic
compressible fluid occupying a spatial domain $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^3$ is governed by the following isentropic compressi... |
1,941,325,219,886 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Online convex optimization (OCO) has become a leading paradigm for online learning due to its capability to model various problems from diverse domains such as online routing, online matrix completion, and online advertisement \citep{Hazan2016}. In general, it is formulated as a structured repeat... |
1,941,325,219,887 | arxiv |
\section{Appendix}
In this section, we establish some of the proofs of the theorems and derivations that are used in the paper.
\subsection{Partially-Separable Model for Affine Motion}
\label{app:par-sep_model_for_aff_motion}
Throughout this section we
consider a nominal object $f_0(\mathbf{x}) \in \mathcal{L}_2$, w... |
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