uuid
int64
541B
3,299B
dataset
stringclasses
1 value
text
stringlengths
1
4.29M
1,941,325,220,688
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The majority of the $\sim90$ known transiting extrasolar planets (TEPs) have been found to lie in the 0.5\,\ensuremath{M_{\rm J}}\ to 2.0\,\ensuremath{M_{\rm J}}\ mass range. The apparent drop in their mass distribution at $\sim$2\,\ensuremath{M_{\rm J}...
1,941,325,220,689
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Summary}\label{first} The recent proposal of Ho\v{r}ava \cite{Horava:2009uw,Horava:2008ih, Horava:2008jf} for a candidate theory of gravity that is symmetric under the Lifshitz type of anisotropy scaling of space-time coordinates $t \rightarrow l^{z} t , \>\>\>\> x^i \rightarrow l x^i , ...
1,941,325,220,690
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Exploration of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase diagram at finite temperature and density is one of the most challenging subjects in particle and nuclear physics. As a first-principle method, the Lattice QCD (LQCD) simulations yield many meaningful results at vanishing baryon chemical poten...
1,941,325,220,691
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intr}\setcounter{equation}{0} Classical general relativity predicts that we can make black holes. If we have enough mass in a given region of space then we have a process of `gravitational collapse'; the matter is squeezed towards an infinite curvature singularity at $r=0$ and the spa...
1,941,325,220,692
arxiv
\section{Euclidean from Lorentzian}\label{introduction} One often studies a Poincar\'e-invariant quantum field theory defined on Minkowski spacetime \emph{via} Wick rotation to a Euclidean-invariant statistical field theory defined on Euclidean space. Within the path integral formulation, the Wick rotation transforms...
1,941,325,220,693
arxiv
\section{} \section{Introduction} The chiral symmetry is one of the fundamental symmetries to classify the topological states of matter. \cite{wen89, schnyder2008classification, kitaev09} The symmetry relates positive and negative parts in the energy spectrum, and a nontrivial topological nature is linked...
1,941,325,220,694
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION}\label{sec2} Nature of the nuclear force under extreme conditions of isospin asymmetry and baryon density can be understood from the study of the neutron star properties \cite{baym79,latt04,anto13}. Up-gradation of recent experimental techniques can only create the nuclear matter up to a few ...
1,941,325,220,695
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} NGC~6791 is a metal rich and old Galactic open cluster ([Fe/H] = 0.30-0.40, $\tau \sim7$ Gyr) that exhibits two prominent overdensities on the horizontal branch (HB). Approximately 45 stars occupy the red clump (RC) region \citep{bu12}, which is reproduced by standard stellar ...
1,941,325,220,696
arxiv
\section{AdS/CFT Results for $\sN = 4$ Plasma} \label{sec:sym} We now turn to the calculation of spatial correlators in a maximally supersymmetric strongly coupled plasma using gauge-gravity duality~\cite{Maldacena:1997re,Gubser:1998bc,Witten:1998zw}. We will find that the thermal correlators in the $\sN = 4$ plas...
1,941,325,220,697
arxiv
\section{Computational Studies}\label{sec:computation} In this section, we illustrate the different properties of the stochastic model. We also demonstrate that the stochastic model outperforms the deterministic one in all the metrics proposed. We also seek to highlight stochastic formulations provide benefits that g...
1,941,325,220,698
arxiv
\section{The kinetic Vlasov model and the corresponding macroscopic systems} In this section, we introduce the Vlasov model and the corresponding macroscopic systems. We consider the dimensionless VP system \begin{equation} \frac{\partial f}{\partial t} + {\bf{v}} \cdot \nabla_{\bf{x}} f + {\bf{E}} ({\bf{x}},t) ...
1,941,325,220,699
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \acresetall \IEEEPARstart{W}{ireless} technology recent advances provide massive connectivity for machines and objects resulting in the \ac{iot} \cite{IoTint}. The demand for the \ac{iot} is expected to grow drastically in the near future with numerous applications in health care systems, ...
1,941,325,220,700
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently, the community has seen a strong revival of neural networks, which is mainly stimulated by the great success of deep neural network models, specifically Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN), in various vision tasks. However, majority of the recent works related to deep neural netwo...
1,941,325,220,701
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The object of our study is the massless field on $D_N = D \cap \tfrac{1}{N} \mathbf{Z}^2$, where $D \subseteq \mathbf{C}$ is a bounded domain with smooth boundary, with Hamiltonian given by $\mathcal {H}(h) = \sum_{b \in D_N^*} \mathcal {V}(\nabla h(b))$. The sum is over all edges in the induce...
1,941,325,220,702
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The goal of this article is to review results in \cite{Pa2} and to obtain a complete characterisation of extreme points, similar to the one in \cite{Br}. There were two obstacles preventing us from obtaining a complete characterisation. Firstly, amplifications were a big issue. We managed to p...
1,941,325,220,703
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} The Gamow Shell Model (GSM) is an extension of the traditional nuclear shell model (SM) in the complex-energy plane to describe weakly bound and resonant nuclei (see Ref.\cite{JPG} for a review and Refs.\cite{Mg,tetraneutron,FHT_Yannen} regarding recent developments). The fu...
1,941,325,220,704
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In 1917, van Maanen discovered the first white dwarf (WD) that showed Ca II absorption lines in its spectrum: van Maanen 2 \citep{van1917}. Since then, 25\,$\%$ to 50\,$\%$ of the WDs have been found with metallic lines (typically Mg, Si, Fe and other rock--forming elements) in their ultraviol...
1,941,325,220,705
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} \myparagraph{The Needs of Irregular Data-parallel Algorithms} Many interesting data-parallel algorithms are \emph{irregular}: the amount of work to be processed is unknown ahead of time and may change dynamically in a workload-dependent manner. There is growing interest in accel...
1,941,325,220,706
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Ion trap precision spectroscopy has led the way to implement quantum algorithms~\cite{Blatt:08}, test fundamental symmetries of nature~\cite{Lean:11}, trace element analysis~\cite{Trac:12}, isotope separation~\cite{list:03} \textit{etc.}. In each of these experiments an essential component has b...
1,941,325,220,707
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Transportation--cost inequalities can be seen as a functional approach to the concentration of measure phenomenon (see e.g. Ledoux's work \cite{Led01} for a survey on this topic). Let $(E,d)$ be a metric space and let $P(E)$ denote the set of probability measures on the Borel sets of $E$. We ...
1,941,325,220,708
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The origin of cosmic neutrinos observed in IceCube is a major enigma~\cite{Aartsen:2013bka,Aartsen:2013jdh}, which has been deepened by the latest results on high- and medium-energy starting events and shower events~\cite{Aartsen:2014muf,Aartsen:2015ita,Aartsen:2017mau}. The atmospheric backgrou...
1,941,325,220,709
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Throughout the past, a number of important facts about the quantum sine-Gordon model were discovered. Among them are elegant relations between the zero-point energy and the Painlev${\acute {\rm e}}$ III transcendent. To describe them explicitly let us recall some elementary facts...
1,941,325,220,710
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This article is located in the area of group theory. One interesting algebraic property of groups is the coherence. A group is called coherent if every finitely generated subgroup is finitely presented. Classical examples of coherent groups are free groups and free abelian groups. The standard ex...
1,941,325,220,711
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Service robots work in human-populated environments. Robust tracking surrounding people allow robots to serve and navigate safely and politely. In this work, we aim at the egocentric perceptual task, multi-person tracking, using a tour-guide robot (TGR). The TGR is a robot that can show people a...
1,941,325,220,712
arxiv
\section{Proof of Theorem 1} \thscala* \begin{proof} There are two restrictions on the total size of raw files. One is the restriction of total capacity. The other is the restriction of the maximal total value of stored files. Under the former restriction, each file $f$ is stored as $f.cp$ replicas. Due to the assumpt...
1,941,325,220,713
arxiv
\section{Comments on Brane Stability and Supersymmetry} It is appropriate to address the issue of stability of brane configurations and its relevance to the anomaly analysis\footnote {We would like to thank K. Bardakci for useful conversations regarding this issue.}. For a generic brane configuration, there ...
1,941,325,220,714
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Accurate modeling and forecasting electricity demand and prices are very important issues for decision making in deregulated electricity markets. Different techniques were developed to describe and forecast the dynamics of electricity load. Short term forecast proved to be very challenging task d...
1,941,325,220,715
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{T}{he} technique of object detection in aerial images refers to extracting the positions of the objects defined by domain experts, according to whether a kind of object is common and its value for real-world applications \cite{DOTA,GLSNet}. With the rapid de...
1,941,325,220,716
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The objective of this article is to present the main ideas of a \textit{c}anonical \textit{f}uzzy \textit{l}ogic (CFL). This logic is a particular case of a non-classical logical formalism -- in the sense that it differs from that of \textit{b}ivalent classical \textit{l}ogic (BL) -- that is sus...
1,941,325,220,717
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section:Introduction} Hubel and Wiesel \cite{Hube59a} discovered that certain visual cells in cats' striate cortex have a directional preference. It has turned out that there exists an intriguing and extremely precise spatial and directional organization into so-called cortical hypercolu...
1,941,325,220,718
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Overview} Throughout, we work over the complex numbers ${\mathbb{C}}$. Let $C$ be a nonsingular irreducible projective curve of genus $g \geq 2$. The purpose of this paper is to explore cohomological structures for the moduli space of degree $d$ semistable $\mathrm{SL}_n$-Higgs bundl...
1,941,325,220,719
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \def\ensuremath{\chi}PT{\ensuremath{\chi}PT} Recent years have seen extensive efforts to gain a quantitative understanding of the low-energy dynamics of hadrons. The principal theoretical tools in this endeavour are Chiral Perturbation Theory (\ensuremath{\chi}PT) \cite{Gasser:1983yg,Gasser:198...
1,941,325,220,720
arxiv
\section{Introduction} With billions of videos uploaded at any time on online video platforms, it is worthwhile to retrieve the best corresponding video for a given query to efficiently access the desired video. Therefore, the tasks of Text-to-Video (T2V) and Video-to-Text (V2T) are tackled in this paper. T2V aims to ...
1,941,325,220,721
arxiv
\section*{Appendix} \section{Comparison of model robustness on all the corruptions in CIFAR-10-C and ImageNet-C}\label{apx:big_table} We first define \emph{mCE}, a quantity that we use to measure the robustness improvement of the models compared to a baseline model. Consider a total of $K$ corruptions, each with $S$ s...
1,941,325,220,722
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The main result of this paper, Theorem~\ref{thm:main-thm}, calculates the topological higher simple structure sets $\sS^{s}_{\del} (L \times D^{m})$ in the sense of surgery theory, see Section~\ref{sec:higher-str-sets} for a definition, for $L$ a fake lens space with the ...
1,941,325,220,723
arxiv
\section{User Manual} \setcounter{figure}{0} \subsection{Introduction} The software demo developed by us comprises of a synthetic tabular data generation pipeline. It was implemented using python 3.7.* along with the flask library to work as a web application on a local server. The application functionality and usage...
1,941,325,220,724
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Generics, statements in the form of \textit{``bananas are yellow"} or \textit{``birds fly"}, express generalizations about members of a category, and are frequent in everyday language \cite{carlson1977reference, carlson1995generic}. These expressions refer to a category as a whole (e.g\textit{ b...
1,941,325,220,725
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The discovery of regular solutions to the Yang-Mills field equations in the four-dimensional Euclidean space, which correspond to the absolute minimum of the action, has led to an intensive study of such theory and the search multidimensional generalizations of the self-duality equations. In R...
1,941,325,220,726
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} \subsection{Superconductivity in diamond: a still incomplete puzzle}\label{intro} Superconductivity (SC) was recognized in doped diamond through a relatively broad transition in the electrical resistance at 2.5~K$~\ldots$ 2.8~K after doping it with $\sim 3\%$ boron \cite...
1,941,325,220,727
arxiv
\section{ A new synthesis of time variable $G,\Lambda$ models as MOG models} All Cosmological data from different sources testify to the fact that our world is made of a substance of negative pressure $73\%$ ( dark energy (DE) ), missing mass $23\%$ ( dark matter (DM)) and only $4\%$ conductive material (baryon matt...
1,941,325,220,728
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Consider the following linear model: \begin{equation} \label{e:model} \y=\A\x \end{equation} where $\x\in \mathbb{R}^n$ is an unknown signal, $\y\in \mathbb{R}^m$ is an observation vector and $\A\in \mathbb{R}^{m\times n}$ (with $m<<n$) is a known sensing matrix. This model arises from comp...
1,941,325,220,729
arxiv
\section{Introduction Let $X$ be an irreducible variety of dimension $d$ over an algebraically closed field $\mathbf{K}$, and let $D$ be a (Cartier) divisor on $X$. When $X$ is projective, the following limit, which measures how fast the dimension of the section space $\HH{0}{X}{\mathcal{O}_X(mD)}$ grows, is called th...
1,941,325,220,730
arxiv
\setcounter{equation}{0}\Section{\setcounter{equation}{0}\Section} \newcommand{\int\!\!\!\int}{\int\!\!\!\int} \def{\rm I}\hskip -0.85mm{\rm R} {{\rm I}\hskip -0.85mm{\rm R}} \def{\rm I}\hskip -0.85mm{\rm N} {{\rm I}\hskip -0.85mm{\rm N}} \newcommand{\underline{u}}{\underline{u}} \newcommand{\underline{v}}{\underlin...
1,941,325,220,731
arxiv
\section*{Figure Captions\markboth {FIGURECAPTIONS}{FIGURECAPTIONS}}\list {Figure \arabic{enumi}:\hfill}{\settowidth\labelwidth{Figure 999:} \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep\usecounter{enumi}}} \let\endfigcap\endlist \relax \def\tablecap{\section*{Table Captions\markbo...
1,941,325,220,732
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \pagenumbering{arabic} \pagestyle{plain} \setcounter{page}{1} One of the most informative processes of Particle Physics is the $e^+e^-$ annihilation into hadrons. It allows to probe the structure of hadronic resonances, which is necessary for testing various strong interaction models incl...
1,941,325,220,733
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Power values of power sums of consecutive integers have been of interest throughout the past 70 years. Techniques from algebraic number theory and Diophantine approximation have allowed the resolution of such equations with small exponents, as well as proofs of general theorems. ...
1,941,325,220,734
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Efficient, robust and high-fidelity two-qubit controlled-PHASE gate has become one of the central topics in the research frontier of quantum information with neutral atoms, which is not only important for quantum logic processing \cite{PhysRevLett.104.010503, PhysRevA.92.022336, PhysRevLett.119...
1,941,325,220,735
arxiv
\section{Introduction} At present, large-scale image datasets play a critical role in the deep learning area. ImageNet\cite{imagenet_cvpr09}, COCO\cite{COCO}, PASCAL VOC\cite{VOC} actually brought modern deep learning technology into new stage. Bird species classification is a difficult problem not only because the s...
1,941,325,220,736
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} \input{abstract} \section*{Introduction} \input{intro} \section*{Data reduction} \input{reduc} \section*{Flavor ratio} \input{ratio} \section*{Zenith angle dependence} \input{zenith} \input{Zsys} \section*{Conclusions} \input{conclusion}
1,941,325,220,737
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgments}\end{small}} \newcommand\altaffilmark[1]{$^{#1}$} \newcommand\altaffiltext[1]{$^{#1}$} \voffset=-0.6in \title[Turbulent Grain Clustering]{A Theory of Grain Clustering in Turbulence: The Origin and Nature of Large Density Fluctuations\vspace{-0.5cm}} \author[Hopkins]{ \parbox[t]{\textwidth}{ ...
1,941,325,220,738
arxiv
\chapter{List of Abbreviations} \section{Conclusion} \label{chap:conclusion} \subsection{EfficientNet-B0} An EfficientNet-B0 was trained on the \gls{cdc} dataset \cite{hung2019surface} without adding any additional augmentations. The model achieved with $96.95\%$ accuracy, $97.32\%$ precision, and $96.76\%$ recall st...
1,941,325,220,739
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The collapse of the core of a massive star at the end of its life forms a hot and dense object known as a proto-neutron star which cools via the emission of neutrinos over a period of $\sim 10\;{\rm s}$ \cite{2002RvMP...74.1015W,2007PhR...442...38J}. The spectra and flavor dist...
1,941,325,220,740
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Overdetermined boundary value problems in partial differential equations have connections to various fields in mathematics; they emerge in the study of isoperimetric inequalities, optimal design and ill-posed and free boundary problems, to name a few. In many such problems one's interest is focu...
1,941,325,220,741
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:conclude} In this paper, we proposed a novel gateway design for app markets called AGChain\xspace. By nature, it is a blockchain-based gateway for permanent, distributed, and secure app delegation for massive apps stored in existing markets (and custom apps via GitHub URLs). We desig...
1,941,325,220,742
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} In recent years, there has been a remarkable development in hadron spectroscopy. One of the most interesting observations is the evidence of the exotic baryon $\Theta^+$, reported first by the LEPS collaboration~\cite{Nakano:2003qx}. Subsequently, a signal of another exotic st...
1,941,325,220,743
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \noindent In the last decades, numerous efforts have been made in algorithms that can learn from data streams. Most traditional methods for this purpose assume the stationarity of the data. However, when the underlying source generating the data stream, i.e., the joint distribution $\mathbb{P}_t(...
1,941,325,220,744
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The covid-2019 pandemic is an extraordinary event in the history of our civilization. Billions of people have never been restricted in their homes before. Self-isolation is conducive to esoteric reflection, and we begun to ruminate about Gaia. Life on earth, once arisen, never completely...
1,941,325,220,745
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Degeneracy is an important concept discussed in most textbooks on quantum mechanics\cite{CDL77} and quantum chemistry\cite{P68} and several textbooks on mathematics show its relationship with symmetry\cite{H62,C90}. In recent years there has been great interest in non-H...
1,941,325,220,746
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \end{center} \vspace{1.0cm} Proteins are biomolecules that perform and control almost all functions in all living organisms. Their biological functions include catalysis (enzymes), muscle contraction (titin), transport of ions (hemoglobin), transmission of information between specific cells an...
1,941,325,220,747
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An extensive air-shower develops when a primary high-energy cosmic particle interacts with molecules in the atmosphere, generating a cascade of secondary particles. The electrons and positrons in the shower produce coherent, broadband and impulsive electromagnetic signals, that can be detected i...
1,941,325,220,748
arxiv
\section{Introductions} Topological semimetals \cite{H.Weng2016,Y.B2016, C.K2016,A.Bansil2016,S.Rao} are one of the fast growing families in the frontier of material sciences and condensed matter physics due to their unique density of states, transport properties and novel topological surface states as well as the...
1,941,325,220,749
arxiv
\section{Introduction} OJ287 is a very special case among all quasars: its optical light curve of 120 yr length shows a double periodicity of 60 yrs and 12 yrs [1]. Another remarkable feature of this quasar is that while its radiation is dominated by synchrotron radiation at most times, during the major outbursts its ...
1,941,325,220,750
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Consider the ordinary differential equation (ODE)% \begin{equation} \frac{d}{dt}X_{t}^{x}=b(t,X_{t}^{x}),\quad X_{0}=x,\quad 0\leq t\leq T \label{ODE} \end{equation}% for a vector field $b:[0,T]\times \mathbb{R}^{d}\longrightarrow \mathbb{R}% ^{d}$. It is well-known that the ODE \eqref{ODE} admi...
1,941,325,220,751
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Entanglement is a fascinating aspect of many-body quantum systems.~\cite{Amico2008:Entanglement} It describes how a many-body wave function cannot in general be written as a tensor product of individual single-particle wave functions. The degree to which a wave function fails to be written a...
1,941,325,220,752
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Stochastic rounding (SR) is an idea proposed in the 1950s by von Neumann and Goldstine~\cite{Neumann1947NumericalIO}. First, it can be used to estimate empirically the numerical error of computer programs; SR introduces a random noise in each floating-point operation and then applies a statistica...
1,941,325,220,753
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Throughout this paper, by a \emph{Hankel matrix}, we mean a matrix of the form \[ H\colonequals\begin{pmatrix} x_1 & x_2 & x_3 & \cdots & x_s\\ x_2 & x_3 & \cdots & \cdots & x_{s+1}\\ x_3 & \cdots & \cdots & \cdots & x_{s+2}\\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots\\ x_r & \cdots & \cdots &...
1,941,325,220,754
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} Natural Language Processing (\textmc{nlp}\xspace) for economics and finance is a rapidly developing research area \cite{econlp-2018, econlp-2019, finnlp-2020, fnp-2020-joint}. While financial data are usually reported in tables, much valuable information also lies in text...
1,941,325,220,755
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In \cite{fighting-fish}, Duchi, Guerrini, Rinaldi and Schaeffer introduced a new class of combinatorial objects called \emph{fighting fish}, which can be seen as a generalization of directed convex polyominoes. They found that the number of fighting fish with $n+1$ lower free edges is given by \...
1,941,325,220,756
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{D}{ata} clustering is an unsupervised learning technique that aims to partition a set of data objects (i.e., data points) into a certain number of homogeneous groups \cite{frey07_ap,das08_tsmca,meap13,svstream13,yang15,wang16_tkde,Chen18_tsmcs,Zhang18_tsmcs,He18_tsmcs,wu17_Euler}...
1,941,325,220,757
arxiv
\section{introduction} Quantum phase transition \cite{sachdev,vojta} is an interesting topic for both theoretical and experimental condensed matter research activities. This phase transition is found at the zero temperature based on variation of non thermal control parameter such as magnetic field or hole doping. Quan...
1,941,325,220,758
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Preliminaries} We denote the set of all bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ by $\mathcal{B}\left( \mathcal{H} \right)$. An operator $A\in \mathcal{B}\left( \mathcal{H} \right)$ is said to be positive (denoted by $A\ge 0$) if $\left\langle Ax,x \right\rangle \ge 0$ for all...
1,941,325,220,759
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Dynamo theory as an explanation for the magnetic fields in galaxies, including the milky way has a long history both observationally and theoretically. Recent observational reviews and discussion of the relevant theory may be found in \cite{Beck2015} and \cite{Kr2015}. The textbook \cite{KF201...
1,941,325,220,760
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \input{introduction} \section{Hydrate reservoir model} \label{sec:hydrateReservoirSimulator} \input{hydrateReservoirSimulator} \section{Material and Methods} \label{sec:experimentDetails} \input{experimentDetails} \section{Numerical Simulation} \label{sec:numeri...
1,941,325,220,761
arxiv
\section{Introduction \label{sec:1}} Topology is originally a mathematical concept to discuss the properties of a geometric object, but has been extended to a variety of research fields in these decades~\cite{Mermin1979, Nakahara2003, Braun2012, Xiao2010}. In condensed matter physics, the electronic states of solids...
1,941,325,220,762
arxiv
\section{Introduction} High order harmonic generation (HHG) is a nonlinear atomic process which can be described using a simple classical picture \cite{Co94,hhg1,hb93}. Driven by a strong electromagnetic (EM) field, the atomic electron emerges into the continuum with zero velocity at some particular moment of time. At...
1,941,325,220,763
arxiv
\section{Omnipresence of filamentary structures in the interstellar medium} While molecular clouds were already known to exhibit filamentary structures \citep[e.g.,][]{Schneider1979,Abergel1994}, the omnipresence of filaments in the interstellar medium (ISM) and molecular clouds has only recently been reveale...
1,941,325,220,764
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An important consideration on the path towards general AI is to minimize the amount of prior knowledge needed to set up learning systems. Ideally, we would like to identify principles that transfer to a wide variety of different problems without the need for manual tuning and problem-specific ad...
1,941,325,220,765
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Background} \label{sec:intro} At least since 1800 BC, attempts have been made to measure the seabed. While currently, bathymetry is employed primarily to measure ocean depth, many other use cases exist for lakes, dams, rivers, and other freshwater basins \cite{hare2008small}. Mapping of hydro...
1,941,325,220,766
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Let $y_0=y_0(t)$ be a solution of the linear differential equation \begin{equation}\label{aa} a_0(t) y^{(n)} + a_1(t) I^{(n-1)} + \dots a_n(t) I = 0 \end{equation} where $a_i\in k=\mathbb{C}(t)$ are functions, rational in the independent variable $t$. We are interested in dete...
1,941,325,220,767
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{1-introduction} As an important data type to describe 3D scene, point cloud has received considerable attention \cite{charles_pointnet_cvpr_2017,wang_dgcnn_tog_2019,li_tcsvt_multi_2021}. More importantly, 3D point cloud registration, as a key problem in 3D computer vision community, has b...
1,941,325,220,768
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Consider the optimization problem \begin{equation} \label{eq:optimal_control} \begin{aligned} &\text{minimize}\; J(y,u):=\frac{1}{2}\norm{Ay-g}^2_H + \frac{\alpha}{2} \norm{u}_U^2 ,\quad\text{over }(y,u)\in Y\times U,\\ &\text{subject to (s.t.)}\; e(y,u)=0, \text{ and } u \in \mathcal...
1,941,325,220,769
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Three-dimensional higher-derivative theories of gravity have received considerable attention over the years. The first example of such a higher-derivative theory is the ``Topologically Massive Gravity'' (TMG) model \cite{Deser:1981wh}. The TMG Lagrangian consists of the usual Einstein-Hilber...
1,941,325,220,770
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s:intro} This paper grew out of work on algebras satisfying a polynomial identity (PI). We recall \cite[pp.~28ff.]{BR} that a PI-algebra $R$ over an integral domain $C$ is {\bf representable} if it can be embedded as a subalgebra of $\M[n](K)$ for a suitable field $K\supset C$ (which can b...
1,941,325,220,771
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}} \IEEEPARstart{D}{eep} learning has been an active research field with abundant applications in pattern recognition \cite{DBLP:conf/socpar/PadmanabhanP16,DBLP:journals/corr/abs-1809-09645}, data mining \cite{DBLP:journals/inffus/ZhangYCL18a}...
1,941,325,220,772
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec_Introduction} Visual object tracking has received increasing attention over the last decades and has remained a very active research direction. It has a large range of applications in diverse fields like visual surveillance \cite{ICPR10HumanTrack}, human-computer interactions \cite{ICI...
1,941,325,220,773
arxiv
\section{ Introduction} Pension actuaries traditionally have computed the liabilities for defined benefit (DB) pension plans; however, more and more employees are participating in defined contribution (DC) plans. Indeed, in June 2007, the Employee Benefits Research Institute (EBRI) reported that in 1979, among activ...
1,941,325,220,774
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} A chemical reaction network consists of chemical species which interact through reactions to form new chemical species. Under reasonable physical assumptions, such as well-mixing of the chemicals and sufficient molecular counts, it is reasonable to model the dynamics of such sy...
1,941,325,220,775
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Prostate cancer is responsible for one of the leading cancer-caused deaths in adult males \cite{parikesit2016impact}. External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) is a most commonly used treatments for prostate cancer \cite{d1998biochemical} where precise prostate segmentation of CT images is a crucia...
1,941,325,220,776
arxiv
\section{C-RLSVI Algorithm}\label{sec:algorithm main} The major goal of this paper is to improve the regret bound of TS-based algorithms in the tabular setting. Different from using fixed bonus term in the optimism-in-face-of-uncertainty (OFU) approach, TS methods~\citep{agrawal2013thompson,abeille2017linear,russo2019w...
1,941,325,220,777
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} \subsection{Background} The study of Fokker-Planck equations (sometimes also called Kolmogorov forward equations) has a long history - going back to the early 20th century. Originally, Fokker and Planck used their equation to describe Brownian motion in a PDE form, rather than it...
1,941,325,220,778
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In 1935 Yukawa introduced virtual particles, pions, to explain the nuclear force\cite{Yukawa}, which bounds protons and neutrons inside nuclei. Since then the nucleon-nucleon ($NN$) interaction has been extensively investigated at low energies both theoretically and experimentally. Fig.~\re...
1,941,325,220,779
arxiv
\subsubsection*{\bibname}} \usepackage{microtype} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{subfigure} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{epsfig,epsf,fancybox} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{color} \usepackage{multirow} \usepackage{paralist} \usepackage{verbatim} \usepackage{algor...
1,941,325,220,780
arxiv
\section{Portal is PSPACE-complete} \label{sec:pspace} In this section we give a new metatheorem for games with doors and switches, in the same vein as the metatheorems in \cite{Forisek10}, \cite{HardGames12}, and \cite{2Button2015}. We use this metatheorem to give proofs of PSPACE-completeness of Portal with various ...
1,941,325,220,781
arxiv
\section{Preliminaries} \medskip \subsection{Generalized Cartan type S Lie algebra and its Lie bialgebra structure} Let $\mathbb{F}$ be a field with $\text{char}(\mathbb{F})=0$ and $n>0$. Let $\mathbb{Q}_n=\mathbb{F}[x^{\pm1}_1,\cdots,x^{\pm1}_n]$ be a Laurent polynomial algebra and $\partial_i$ coincides with the deg...
1,941,325,220,782
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The jellyfish has been the subject of numerous mathematical and physical studies ranging from the discovery of reentry phenomenon in electrophysiology to the development of axisymmetric methods for solving fluid-structure interaction problems. A wide variety of experimental, theoretical, and nu...
1,941,325,220,783
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In Bayesian function estimation, a common approach to putting a prior distribution on a function $f$ of interest, for instance a regression function in nonparametric regression models or a drift function in diffusion models, is to expand the function in a particular basis and to endow...
1,941,325,220,784
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Suppose $k$ is a field of characteristic $p>0$ and $g\geq 2$. We would like to describe the loci of curves $C$ defined by invariants of the $p$-torsion of its Jacobian, for $C$ either a smooth (irreducible, projective, algebraic) genus-$g$ curve over $k$ or a genus-$g$ stable curve over $k$ of c...
1,941,325,220,785
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Subdwarf B (sdB) stars are helium core burning stars with very thin hydrogen envelopes that lie at the blue end of the horizontal branch and hence are identified with the extreme horizontal branch (EHB) stars \citep[see a recent review by][]{heb2009}. \citet{dcr1996} showed that a high mas...
1,941,325,220,786
arxiv
\section{#1}} \renewcommand{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}} \def\titlepage{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn \else \newpage \fi \thispagestyle{empty}\cdot@page\z@ \def\arabic{footnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}} } \def\endtitlepage{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \f...
1,941,325,220,787
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:Intro} Introduction} \input{01-Intro.tex} \section{Data}\label{sec:Data} \input{02-Data.tex} \section{The Algorithms}\label{sec:Method} \input{03-Method.tex} \section{Results on parameter space optimization}\label{sec:ps} \input{04-ResultsPSopt.tex} \section{The impact of X-ray flux, photometr...