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1,108,101,562,915 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
As of May 15, 2020, 4593395 cases and 306376 deaths from 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), were recorded worldwide \cite{csse2020}. Coronaviruses are enveloped non-segmented positive-sense RNA viruses that belong to... |
1,108,101,562,916 | arxiv | \section{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\SUBSECTION}[1]{\bigskip{\large\subsection{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\SUBSUBSECTION}[1]{\bigskip{\large\subsubsection{\bf #1}}}
\begin{titlepage}
\begin{center}
\vspace*{2cm}
{\large \bf Muon decays in the Earth's atmosphere, differential aging and the paradox
of the twins}
\vspace*{1.5c... |
1,108,101,562,917 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Question answering (\abr{qa}) systems have impressive recent victories---beating trivia masters~\cite{ferruci-10} and superhuman reading~\cite{najberg-18}---but these triumphs hold only if they \emph{generalize}; \abr{qa} systems should be able to answer questions even if they do not look like ... |
1,108,101,562,918 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\footnotetext{Invited talk at ``Production
and decay of hyperons, charmed and beauty hadrons'', Strasbourg, France, Sep. 5-8, 1995}
The physics program at CLEO is at the forefront of heavy flavour research. The emphasis is on the
decay of charm hadrons, beauty mesons and tau leptons. There is... |
1,108,101,562,919 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
One of the profound consequences of quantum mechanics is that something \textit{can} come from nothing. Enforced by the uncertainty principle, the vacuum state of quantum mechanics is teeming with activity. Quantum fluctuations inherent in the vacuum give rise to a host of parti... |
1,108,101,562,920 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\vspace{-7pt}
Singing voice synthesis~(SVS) is a task that generates singing voices from the given music score and lyrics like human singers. Deep learning based SVS approaches~\cite{ren2020deepsinger,blaauw2020sequence,hono2018recent,gu2021bytesing,ref_xiaoicesing,ref_diffsing... |
1,108,101,562,921 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Anti de Sitter $(AdS)$/Conformal Field Theory (CFT) correspondence \cite{Malda,Gubser,Witten} asserts that certain quantities like correlation functions of fields of a CFT living on the conformal boundary of $AdS$ can be obtained by calculating purely geometrical quantities in the higher dime... |
1,108,101,562,922 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Literature analysis plays an important role in contributing to scientific and technological innovation. It facilitates researchers to comprehensively understand the achievements in related fields including the latest advancement and future development trends. How to make it easier and faster for ... |
1,108,101,562,923 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{s.intro}
Since its inception in 1960s, Computed Tomography (CT) has enjoyed a huge success in medical imaging. It is characterized by a specific acquisition and reconstruction process, in which a set of X-ray projections is first acquired for varying positions of the source and the detecto... |
1,108,101,562,924 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recently, the context dependent (CD) deep neural network (DNN) hidden Markov model (HMM) (CD-DNN-HMM) has become the dominant framework for acoustic modeling in speech recognition (e.g. \cite{AmDBN}\cite{DnnForAm}\cite{CdDnn1}\cite{CdDnn2}). However, given that speech is an in... |
1,108,101,562,925 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Astronomical survey science is entering a decade which will witness a surfeit of new optical imaging data that will transform astronomical and cosmological research. The new datasets obtained from upcoming ground-based and space-based observing facilities will image vast areas of the sky at unpre... |
1,108,101,562,926 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:Intro}Introduction}
Low-dimensional quantum spin systems are excellent examples to explore the physics of strongly interacting
quantum many-body systems.~\cite{diep} In addition to the inherent quantum nature of the interacting elements (for example
localized spins with S=1/2), these systems pr... |
1,108,101,562,927 | arxiv | \section{#1} \setcounter{equation}{0}}
\newcommand{ \hfill (\thesection.\arabic{equation}\alph{letter})}{ \hfill (\thesection.\arabic{equation}\alph{letter})}
\newcommand{{(\Box+e^2\rho^2)}}{{(\Box+e^2\rho^2)}}
\newcommand{\eql}{\nonumber & \hfill (\thesection.\arabic{equation}\alph{letter}) \cr
\addt... |
1,108,101,562,928 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Today we believe that the final product of the gravitational collapse is a Kerr-Newman black hole. This is the Carter-Israel conjecture and it is based on the following argument. First, there are some singularity theorems showing that in general relativity the collapsing matter produces space-ti... |
1,108,101,562,929 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The multiple antenna broadcast channel (BC) has recently been the subject of tremendous interest, primarily
due to the realization that such a channel can provide MIMO spatial multiplexing benefits without requiring
multiple antenna elements at the mobile devices \cite{Caire_IT03}. Indeed, it is... |
1,108,101,562,930 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusion and Outlook}\label{Section Conclusion}
Motivated by the nestedness issue of Multilevel Subset Simulation, we implement Multilevel Sequential Importance Sampling to estimate the probability of rare events. We assume that the underlying limit state function depends on a discretization parameter $\ell... |
1,108,101,562,931 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
In this paper, we study the following equation
\begin{equation}\label{1.1}
-\triangle_{\mathbb{H}^n}u =2n^2u^{q} \quad \text{in} \quad \Omega,
\end{equation}
where $\Omega$ is a domain in Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^n$, and $u$ is a smooth, nonnegativ... |
1,108,101,562,932 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well-known from the materials science, physics, and chemistry literature, that there is intense interest in studying the mechanics of structures made of graphene. Industrial applications and the potentials for graphene made structures are abundant. For instance, nanoscale devices that us... |
1,108,101,562,933 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction}
The geometrical frustration in magnetic systems often causes attractive phenomena such as the spin liquid\cite{Lee2008,Leon2010}, spin ice\cite{Bramwell2001}, and spin nematic order\cite{Momoi2005}. Over several decades, a number of studies have been performed on insulator qua... |
1,108,101,562,934 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Identifying and studying the galaxies at high redshift that will
evolve into today's normal and massive galaxies remains a major goal
of observational astrophysics. Galaxies discovered in deep
sub-millimetre and mm-wavelength surveys
\citep[e.g.][]{Smail1997, Hughes1998, Barger19... |
1,108,101,562,935 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Approximate 70 percent of the global urban water main assets are buried pipes, and in Australia most of them are now reaching over 100 years old \cite{Miro2014}. Due to deterioration with age, those ageing water pipes are frequently burst, which leads to severe implications for the society and th... |
1,108,101,562,936 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgement}
The work described in this paper is partially funded by the USA National Science Foundation grant CNS-1931962 .
\section{Human-Multi-UAV Collaborations}
\label{sec:motivating_scenarios}
Several research groups have explored the application of UAVs for specific emergency scenarios such as surve... |
1,108,101,562,937 | arxiv | \section*{Methods}
\textbf{Ultracold Bose-Fermi mixture preparation}. We load Na from a Zeeman
slower and K from a 2D magnetic-optical-trap (MOT) into a two-species
dark-SPOT. The atoms are optically pumped to the $|2,2\rangle$ and
$|9/2,9/2\rangle$ states and are then transferred to an Ioffe-Pritchard cloverleaf
magn... |
1,108,101,562,938 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Metal-insulator transitions (MIT)\cite{MIT1,MIT2,MIT3,MIT4,MIT5} in realistic systems are often considered in a one-particle picture to explain the change of conductivity in a material. In situations such as band, Peierls and Anderson insulators, this yields a successful description, but in the ... |
1,108,101,562,939 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\input{src/introduction.tex}
\input{src/background-and-requirement-analysis.tex}
\input{src/related-work.tex}
\input{src/data_modeling.tex}
\input{src/visual_design.tex}
\input{src/system_overview.tex}
\input{src/case_studies.tex}
\input{src/expert_interview.tex}
\input{src/discussion.tex}
\input... |
1,108,101,562,940 | arxiv | \section{}
\section{ Introduction}
Multiferroics are materials in which ferroic properties, e.g.,
magnetism and polar order coexist. Magnetic and ferroelectric
ordering couple microscopically or macroscopically to form the
magnetic ferroelectrics. The coupling of the two ordering leads to
the so-called magnet... |
1,108,101,562,941 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Transformers \citep{vaswani-attention} have seen widespread use and success in recent years in deep learning, operating on numerous types of data. It is natural to also apply transformers to graph-structured data, treating the input graph's vertices as a bag of tokens. There are two important is... |
1,108,101,562,942 | arxiv |
\section{Method}
\label{sec:method}
The pipeline of our method is shown in~\fig{fig:pipeline}.
Starting from a goal (a shape with some external loads), we first simulate the stress field using the finite element method (\ssect{sec:method-simulation}).
We apply a greedy fiber extraction algorithm... |
1,108,101,562,943 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent advancements in micro- and nanofluidics motivated a significant interest in electrokinetic phenomena, both from the theoretical and applied points of view \cite{Ramos, Morgan}. These phenomena occur in systems exhibiting spatial separation of charges that results from dissociation of polar... |
1,108,101,562,944 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Causal analysis based on linear structural equation model and path analysis is widely used in sociology, economics, biology, etc.
Pearl extended the concept of total effects in the path analysis to a general structural equation model and defined it as the intervention effect \cite{pearl1995causa... |
1,108,101,562,945 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Not long after the discovery of pulsars---whose characteristic signal was linked to magnetic fields \citep{hewish_etal_1968}---the potential role of magnetic fields in the core-collapse supernova (CCSN) explosion mechanism began to be investigated \citep[e.g.,][]{leblanc_wilson_1970,bisnovatyi-... |
1,108,101,562,946 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dadarlat \cite{D0} computed the homotopy set $[X,\Aut A]$ for a Kirchberg algebra $A$ under a mild assumption of a space $X$.
He constructed a bijection between $[X,\Aut A]$ and a relevant KK-group, and showed that it is a group homomorphism
when $X$ is an H'-space (co-H-space).
However, the g... |
1,108,101,562,947 | arxiv | \section{Computational method}
The Hamiltonian of studied model reads
\begin{align}
H=&\sum_{ij,\sigma}
\begin{pmatrix} a_{i\sigma}^{\dagger} & b_{i\sigma}^{\dagger} \end{pmatrix}
\!
\begin{pmatrix} t_{aa} &
t_{ab}\\ t_{ab} &\ t_{bb} \end{pmatrix}
\!
\begin{pmatrix} a_{j\sigma}^{\phantom\... |
1,108,101,562,948 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The study of dissipative systems in quantum theory is of strong interest and relevance either for fundamental reasons \cite{Zurek} and for its practical applications \cite{Amir1,NMR}. The explicit time dependence of the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian operators introduces a major diffic... |
1,108,101,562,949 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s:intro}
Directed graphs are natural combinatorial objects which are used to model
systems in many areas including
biology (for example~\cite{protein,LC}), the social sciences (for
example~\cite{RPW,JR})
and computer science (for example~\cite{HC,MS}).
In this paper we consider the probl... |
1,108,101,562,950 | arxiv | \section{Static Analysis}
\label{analysis}
XLA operators are relatively low-level compared to those in front-end frameworks like TensorFlow, which has two implications. First, lots of structural information about the model is lost when lowered to XLA (e.g., what parts of the graph are weight updates), which requires us... |
1,108,101,562,951 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The concern over the potential link between the black hole and the particle has a long and continuous history because it may provide us useful information about the connection between general relativity and quantum mechanics.
In 1935, trying to in search of a geometric model for elementary parti... |
1,108,101,562,952 | arxiv |
\section{Acknowledgments}
This work is partially funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under project ScaDS Dresden/Leipzig (BMBF 01IS14014B).
\begin{small}
\bibliographystyle{abbrv}
\section{Introduction}
Mining frequent structural patterns from a collection of graphs, usually referre... |
1,108,101,562,953 | arxiv | \section*{Dicke simulators with emergent collective quantum computational abilities\\ supporting material}
\subsection*{Pietro Rotondo, Marco Cosentino Lagomarsino, and Giovanni Viola }
In this material, we give more details on the derivations of the results presented in the main text.
\section{Derivation of Equ... |
1,108,101,562,954 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Random cell movement plays a very important role in embryonic morphogenesis,
wound healing, cancer cells proliferation, and many other physiological and
pathological processes \cite{R}. The microscopic theory of the migration of
cells and bacteria towards a favorable environment (chemotaxis... |
1,108,101,562,955 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Erd\H{o}s conjecture on distinct distances in the Euclidean plane ${\mathbb{R}^2$ says, $d(P):=|\{d(p,q)\mid p,q\in P\}|\gtrsim \frac{|P|}{\sqrt{\log|P|}}$ for any finite set $P\subset{\mathbb{R}^2$. Here ``$\gtrsim$" means ``$\geq C\cdot$" for some absolute constant $C>0$ and $d(,)$ is the E... |
1,108,101,562,956 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
At the heart of the definition of quantum cluster algebras is a desire to understand nice bases in quantum algebras arising from the representation theory of non-associative algebras. Of particular interest is the dual canonical basis in the quantized coordinate ring of a unipotent group, or mor... |
1,108,101,562,957 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgments}
\label{sec:ack}
The research work supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No. 2018YFB1004300, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. U1836206, U1811461, 61773361, the Project of Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS und... |
1,108,101,562,958 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
While the broad emission-line region (BELR) in active galactic nuclei (AGN) remains an enigma, in recent years there has been considerable focus on radiation line driven and magneto hydrodynamic driven winds from an accretion disk \citep[e.g.,][]{bp82,kk94,mcgv95,psk00,everett05}
as a key compon... |
1,108,101,562,959 | arxiv | \section{}
\begin{acknowledgments}
We thank J. Bouma for technical support. This work was supported by the Space
Research Organization Netherlands (SRON), Grant No. MG-051, the "Cold Atoms"
program of the Dutch Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) and
the European Union, Grant No. HPRN-CT-2000... |
1,108,101,562,960 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The electronic and optical properties of nanomaterials such as carbon
nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and nanowires show unique behavior due to their
reduced dimensions. For example, the electronic properties of CNTs depend
strongly on their diameter\cite{leonard}, and many-body effects are kno... |
1,108,101,562,961 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cylindrical systems in Einstein's theory puzzles relativists since
Levi-Civita found its vacuum solution in 1919 \cite{Levi}. The precise
meaning of its two independent parameters
is still hard to grasp and, in particular, the one that describes the
Newtonian energy per unit length $\sigma$ look... |
1,108,101,562,962 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The AdS/CFT correspondence \cite{ADSCFT} is one of the most fascinating theoretical breakthroughs
in recent years. In its original form it postulated the duality between two
completely different theories -- the supersymmetric gauge theory ${\cal N}=4$ Super-Yang-Mills theory
in 4 dimensions and... |
1,108,101,562,963 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Semantic segmentation \cite{7913730} involves classifying image pixels into a given category. While deep learning has vastly improved semantic segmentation performance, it requires large amounts of data with pixel-level annotation.
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\fbox{\includegraphics[width=0.47\te... |
1,108,101,562,964 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G=(V, E)$ be a graph where $V$ and $E$ are the vertex and edge set, respectively. The \emph{neighbourhood} of a vertex $v\in V$ is the set of all adjacent vertices of $v$ and is denoted as $N(v)$. The \emph{degree} of a vertex, denoted as $d(v)$, is the number of edges incident to $v$. A ver... |
1,108,101,562,965 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
Electrical power grids are expected to be reliable at all times. The rise of intermittent renewable generation is making this expectation challenging to live up to. Power imbalances caused by generation intermittency may cause grid stability constraints to be violated:~80\% of the b... |
1,108,101,562,966 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The phenomenon of Anderson localization \cite{Anderson} has been studied both experimentally and theoretically for already half a century \cite{thouless74,Ping_Sheng,bart99}. It takes place for waves in strongly disordered media when interference effects become plethoric in the multiple scatterin... |
1,108,101,562,967 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Decision Trees (DTs) and Random Forests (RFs) are arguably the most popular non-linear machine learning models of today.
In Kaggle's 2019 report on the \emph{State of Data Science and Machine Learning} \cite{Kaggle2019}, DTs and RFs appear as second most widely used techniques, right after linear... |
1,108,101,562,968 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The stock market crash of 2008 is one of the largest stock market crashes in the history of capitalist economies. During the period from 2004 through 2013, the Dow Jones Industrial Average hit a high of 14,164.43 on October 9, 2007. For the eight trading days between October 1 and October 10, 2... |
1,108,101,562,969 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The probability density function (PDF) on $z_l \in [0,1]$ $(l=1,\dots,N)$
\begin{equation}\label{1.1}
{1 \over S_n(\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\tau)} \prod_{i=1}^n z_i^{\alpha_1 - 1} (1 - z_i)^{\alpha_2 - 1}
\prod_{1 \le j < k \le n} |z_j - z_k|^{2 \tau},
\end{equation}
where
\begin{eqnarray}\label{1.1a}
S... |
1,108,101,562,970 | arxiv | \section{ Introduction }
It is well known that at sufficiently low temperature, an electron with spin up is
paired with its partner with spin down across the Fermi surface to
form a Cooper pair with total momentum zero and becomes superconductor and exhibits superfluid property.
This phenomenon is well des... |
1,108,101,562,971 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The recent interest in non-lorentzian theories and their associated
geometries is, among other things, due to the following developments:
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item \emph{non-relativistic holography} \cite{sachdev2011quantum}
\cite{zaanen2015holographic}... |
1,108,101,562,972 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wilson and Cowan \cite{wandc} proposed a model for describing the dynamics of localized populations of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. This model is a coarse-grained description of the overall activity of a large-scale neuronal network, employing just two differential equations \cite{Kilpat... |
1,108,101,562,973 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Most software systems today are configurable. Despite the undeniable benefits
of configurability,
large configuration spaces challenge developers, maintainers, and users. In the face of hundreds of configuration options, it is difficult to keep track of the effects of individual configuration... |
1,108,101,562,974 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The computation of solutions maximizing the \emph{social welfare}, i.e., maximizing the total ``happiness'' of the advertisers, in sponsored search auctions (SSAs) strongly depends on how such happiness is defined. Clearly, the more clicks their ads receive, the more content advertisers are. A n... |
1,108,101,562,975 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The dynamics of molecular motors is an important topic in biophysics
and nanotechnology. In the living and in the artificial nanoscale
world fast non-diffusive directed transport or rotary motion
constitute key ingredients of any complex structure. Molecular motors
are the ``nanomachines'' which... |
1,108,101,562,976 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This work is about a study of ancient stained glass windows as they might be used in the Cistercian art in France in the middle of the XIIIth century. Using a model of the abbey church of Royaumont, optical simulations are done with Virtuelium, a physically-based rendering open source software d... |
1,108,101,562,977 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:int}
Although being ``invented" around the same time as the conventional calculus, fractional calculus did not attract much attentions of researchers until very recently. Due to the nonlocal nature of fractional integral or differential operators, the numerical schemes for solving fract... |
1,108,101,562,978 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A set of simple closed curves on a surface is said to fill if it cuts the surface into topological disks and once-punctured disks. Any such filling set must contain at least two curves; by a simple topological argument (see for instance \cite{ts}) if two curves fill, they must intersect at least... |
1,108,101,562,979 | arxiv | \chapter*{Dedication}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Dedication}
\input{./chapters/Dedication}
\chapter*{Acknowledgement}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Acknowledgement}
\input{./chapters/Acknowledgement}
\chapter*{Abstract}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Abstract}
\input{./chapters/Abstract}
\chapter*{List of ... |
1,108,101,562,980 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:int}
Inelastic collisions of charged particles with matter probe the response of many-electron systems ranging from linear response in the perturbative limit to the strong-field non-linear response in the non-perturbative regime at low projectile velocities. The characteristic energy lo... |
1,108,101,562,981 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In~\cite{Han_Kobayashi}, the capacity region of interference channel
is studied for both discrete and Gaussian cases. In this paper we
study the discrete interference channels $W_{Z|X,Y}$ and $\tilde
W_{\tilde Z|X,Y}$ with two pairs of encoders and decoders as shown
in Figure~\ref{fig.interferenc... |
1,108,101,562,982 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Online social networks (OSN) have grown significantly over the last ten years with billions of active users using a variety of social network services. OSNs have revolutionized the way people interact. People join social networking sites to connect and communicate wit... |
1,108,101,562,983 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the greatest mysteries of neural networks (NNs) is their ability to generalize well without any explicit regularization even when they are heavily overparametrized \citep{breiman1995reflections, CZhang}. For conventional machine learning algorithms, without a regularization term, heavil... |
1,108,101,562,984 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Signalized intersections are major sources of traffic delay and collision within modern transportation systems. The measures to improve the operational efficiency of a signalized intersection can be grouped in to four categories:
\begin{enumerate*}[label=\arabic*)]
\item Optimization of Signal ... |
1,108,101,562,985 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The possible existence of buckminsterfullerene (C$_{60}$) in astrophysical
environments has long been suggested \citep{kroto}, but only recently has
observational evidence for emission from C$_{60}$ in the gas phase been
forthcoming. Gas phase C$_{60}$ has now been detected in
the enviro... |
1,108,101,562,986 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the 3-D Navier-Stokes (NS) initial value problem
\begin{equation}\label{nseq0}
v_t - \nu \Delta v = -\mathcal{P} [ v \cdot \nabla v ] + f(x),\ \ v(x, 0)
= v_0 (x), \ \ x\in\mathbb{T}^3 [0,2\pi] ,\ \ t\in\mathbb{R}^+
\end{equation}
where $v$ is the fluid velocity and $\mathcal{P} = I... |
1,108,101,562,987 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Black-box optimization seeks to optimize a function based solely on input-output information. This problem is of particular interest in many scientific and engineering applications and is quite relevant to several machine learning tasks. In the former case, the optimized black box is often the r... |
1,108,101,562,988 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the last years, increasing attention has been paid to modified theories of gravity
in order to understand several open cosmological questions such as the accelerated
expansion of the universe \cite{Carroll}
and the dark matter origin \cite{Cembranos:2008gj}.
Some of those theories modify
Gen... |
1,108,101,562,989 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Federated learning (FL)~\cite{mcmahan2017communicationefficient} is a learning paradigm that trains models from distributed users or participants (e.g., mobile devices) without requiring raw training data to be shared, alleviating the rising concern of privacy issues when learn... |
1,108,101,562,990 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The paper considers consistent couplings of the Einstein equations for a pseudo-Riemannian metric with a completely symmetric tensor $\om_{i_{1}\dots i_{k}}$. The couplings are defined for a class of tensors that includes trace-free Codazzi tensors and conformal Killing tensors. For example, for... |
1,108,101,562,991 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Correlated electron materials with geometrically frustrated lattice structures hold great promise for novel quantum electronic states. In addition to the quantum spin liquid \cite{anderson73-87,palee08,balents10} observed in $\kappa$-organics \cite{kanoda03,kanoda05,kanoda08,matsuda08} near the M... |
1,108,101,562,992 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
Recently it was argued \cite{GL} that the probability to count $N$ indistinguishable particles, bosons or fermions, in binned-together output ports of a unitary $M$-port, averaged over the Haar-random unitary matrix representing the multiport or, for a fixed multiport, over th... |
1,108,101,562,993 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We develop an application, called HoloFEM, for solving Poisson's equation with the finite element method (FEM) using Microsoft's mixed reality glasses HoloLens \cite{hololens}.
The aim is to set up and solve a partial differential equation (PDE) in the real world geometry surrounding the HoloLen... |
1,108,101,562,994 | arxiv |
\section{Free-Agent Model}
\label{free-agent-discounted-cost-models}
The impossibility of constant factor delegation for the standard model, as discussed in Proposition \ref{prop:impos1}, motivates us to design efficient delegation strategies for variants of this model as defined in Section \ref{model-variants}. We o... |
1,108,101,562,995 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To date, most studies of ferroelectric materials have concentrated on transition metal oxide systems such as PbTiO${_3}$ and BaTiO${_3}$, which feature highly ionic interactions and large Born effective charges. Unfortunately, most known ferroelectric thin films cannot maintain the desired sponta... |
1,108,101,562,996 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In quantum key distribution (QKD), two parties, Alice and Bob, want to communicate in a secure fashion despite the presence of Eve, who is eavesdropping on their communication channel. They do this through establishing a cryptographic key that is known only to them and no one else \cite{Experimen... |
1,108,101,562,997 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are continued interests in accurate modeling of gas-phase thermochemistry and dynamics that involve transition-metal and heavier elements, where
relativistic effects play an important role.
For instance, scientists at the US Air Force recently performed an experiment, aiming to use chemi-io... |
1,108,101,562,998 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The determination of the hadronic structure from first principles belongs to the key investigation
topics in lattice QCD. Central to our understanding of hadron structure are the structure functions which
describe the distribution
of quarks and gluons inside hadrons. In the last years some prom... |
1,108,101,562,999 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Understanding the price formation mechanisms is undoubtably among the most exciting challenges of modern finance. \emph{Market impact} refers to the way market participants' actions mechanically affect prices. Significant progress has been made in this direction during the past de... |
1,108,101,563,000 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Optical chirality plays an important role in the optical sensing of biomolecules (see, e.g., [1]) and the interaction of light with chiral nanostructures or metamaterials [2]. The nonreciprocity in transmission or circular dichroism measures the chiral effects in the interaction of the optical f... |
1,108,101,563,001 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
First-order methods in convex optimization have attracted significant attention in statistical learning in recent years. They are appealing to many learning problems, such as LASSO regression and matrix completion, which have diverse applications in analyzing large-scale biological systems and h... |
1,108,101,563,002 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{TuringIntro}
In determining the number of non-trivial zeroes of the Riemann zeta-function $\zeta(s)$ in a given range, one proceeds in two stages. First, one can compute a number of zeroes along the critical line using Gram's Law\footnote{Briefly: The Gram points $\{g_{n}\}_{n\geq -1}$ are... |
1,108,101,563,003 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Toroidal order is a peculiar magnetic state, which accompanies spontaneous breaking of both time-reversal and spatial-inversion symmetries.
The toroidal moment is defined by the sum of outer products of magnetic moments and polarization vectors;
its simplest form is given by spin ``loops" aroun... |
1,108,101,563,004 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Hardy martingales developed alongside Banach spaces of analytic functions and
played an important role in establishing their isomorphic invariants.
For instance those martingales were employed in the construction of subspaces in $L^1/H^1$
isomorphic to $L^1.$ An integrable Hardy... |
1,108,101,563,005 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recently, language models (LMs) trained on large datasets have achieved remarkable success in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks (cf. \citealp{1905.00537, wang2018glue}). The literature of targeted syntactic evaluations has shown that these models implicitly learn s... |
1,108,101,563,006 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An active line of research studies the relations between structural
properties of groups and sets of invariants. There is a large number of examples of this and we name only four which might be considered as the genesis of this type of investigations; these four examples should also clarify ou... |
1,108,101,563,007 | arxiv | \section{BENCHMARK PROBLEMS}
Most of works describing infrared emission from astronomical sources
present various computational results. Yet, it is difficult to use
those results for the code verification. While many of the model
parameters are usually explicitly listed, very often it is not easy to
recognize all the ... |
1,108,101,563,008 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Mira A ($o$ Ceti; Mira) is an oxygen-rich, long-period variable star on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). Together with Mira B (VZ Ceti), possibly a white dwarf \citep{mirab_wd}, they form the symbiotic binary system Mira AB. Mira A is the prototype of Mira variables. Its peri... |
1,108,101,563,009 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spanning tree is a well-studied and fundamental structure in graph theory and combinations. The well-known minimum spanning tree (Min-ST) problem asks for a spanning tree of a weighted graph, with minimum total edge weight. In contrast, the maximum spanning tree (Max-ST) problem asks for a spann... |
1,108,101,563,010 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Recent research \cite{dixit2013towards, tootoonchian2010hyperflow, levin2012logically, koponen2010onix, berde2014onos} in Software-Defined Networking (SDN) employs multiple distributed controllers for scalability and reliability reasons.
Using distributed controllers allows the... |
1,108,101,563,011 | arxiv | \section{Introduction: Convexity and comparative convexity}
\subsection{Convexity: Basic definitions}
To start with, let us recall some elementary definitions of convexity, and then introduce the broader notion of {\em comparative convexity}~\cite{ConvexFunction-2006,Hormander2007}.
A set $\calX\subset\bbR^d$ is... |
1,108,101,563,012 | arxiv | \section{\bf 1. Introduction}
I give a further calculation of R\'enyi entropy as a partial extension of earlier work,
[\putref{dowgjmsren}], to which I have to refer for basic explanation and definitions. For
this reason I proceed somewhat rapidly.
The field under consideration is a $p$--form propagated by the de Rham... |
1,108,101,563,013 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper deals with digital sequences modulo $m$.
Such sequences are ``simple'' in the sense that they are deterministic and uniformly recurrent sequences.
We show that the situation changes completely when we consider the subsequence along squares, i.e., we show that this subsequence is normal... |
1,108,101,563,014 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Since the recent swampland program (see
\cite{Palti:2019pca,vanBeest:2021lhn} for reviews)
postulates that not all self-consistent
quantum field theories admit a UV completion into a theory of quantum
gravity, the notion of naturalness has to be changed. What seems
natural from... |
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