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1,108,101,563,315 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec-intro}
The tidal evolution of the Earth-Moon system is a classic problem, but has not yet been fully solved.
The general trend of the tidal evolution has long been confirmed: since the Moon was born 4.5 Gyr ago (\citealt{Halliday-2008}), it has been receding from the Earth with tidal e... |
1,108,101,563,316 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Terahertz (THz) communication is an emerging technology for backhaul/fronthaul applications for next-generation wireless networks \cite{Elayan_2019, Koenig_2013_nature}. The THz link is less susceptible to the signal interference and can provide enormous unlicensed bandwidth to support high capa... |
1,108,101,563,317 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Recent cosmic microwave background anisotropy \citep[see, e.g.,][]{Hinshaw2013, Ade2013}, baryon acoustic oscillation peak length scale \citep[see, e.g.,][]{Busca2013, Farooq2013c}, supernova Type Ia apparent magnitude versus redshift \citep[see, e.g.,][]{Campbell2013, Liao2013}, an... |
1,108,101,563,318 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
We shall use some standard graph-theoretic notation through the paper.
For an undirected graph $G$, we denote its sets of nodes and edges by $VG$
and $EG$, respectively. For a directed graph, we speak of arcs rather than
edges and denote the arc set of $G$ by $AG$. A si... |
1,108,101,563,319 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The point X-ray source 1E~161348-5055 (hereafter 1E1613) is observed to display pulsations with the period $P_* \simeq 6.67$\,hr \citep{De-Luca-etal-2006, Esposito-etal-2011}. It is located near the center of the supernova remnant RCW\,103 \citep{Tuohy-Garmire-1980} of the age $\tau_* \sim 20... |
1,108,101,563,320 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In this work, we explore the dependencies between speaker recognition and speech emotion recognition (SER).
Speaker verification, a more general task of speaker recognition, deals with verifying speaker identity in a pair of utterances.
The goal of the SER task is to recogniz... |
1,108,101,563,321 | arxiv | \section*{Using Raman Coupling to Achieve Superposition}
A superposition state can be experimentally achieved by applying two counter-propagating Raman lasers adiabatically which drives transitions between these atomic Zeeman levels \cite{socreview,socreview2}. As a result, the Rb atom makes a transition from $m_f$ to ... |
1,108,101,563,322 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
A fundamental challenge facing the study of the Milky Way (MW) galaxy is that most of its mass is in dark matter (DM). Because we cannot directly observe the MW's DM halo, we must use tracer populations, such as halo stars, globular clusters, and MW satellites, to study the MW... |
1,108,101,563,323 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusions}
In this paper we have presented an index for assessing the confounding effect of a categorical variable in a binary classification study.\\
The study made on simulated data shows the goodness and sensitivity of our CI, the value of which depends on the intensity with which the confounder and the ... |
1,108,101,563,324 | arxiv | \section{Summary of the Friction Tensor}\label{sec:sum_friction_tensor}
In this section, we will briefly review the friction tensor $\gamma_{\mu\nu}$ in Eq. (\ref{eq:langevin_eq}) in the main body of the text. The equation of motion driving the nuclear probability density $\rho(\mathbf{R},\mathbf{P})$ (for notational s... |
1,108,101,563,325 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Community detection is one of the critical issues when understanding social networks.
In many real-world networks (e.g. Facebook, Twitter), in addition to topology of social network, content information is available as well. Even though different sources of information about social networks c... |
1,108,101,563,326 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum phase transitions have been under intensive study over many decades in various correlated matters and light-matter interacting systems \cite{wei07,hur10,sac11}. The accurate description of quantum effects is essential to the understanding of such quantum critical phenomena. As a paradigm... |
1,108,101,563,327 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The advent of topological insulators have created an exciting
interdisciplinary research field which is vitalized by discoveries of new
materials to realize new concepts \cite{Zhang_Science_07, Fu_PRL_07,
Moore_PRB_07, Hsieh_Nature_08, Roy_PRB_09, Alexey_PRB_09, Sato_PRL_10,
Hasan_RMP_10, Qi_RMP... |
1,108,101,563,328 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{3pt}
\setlength{\belowcaptionskip}{3pt}
\setlength{\textfloatsep}{10pt
Although recent research has shown that neural networks are highly successful in various applications \cite{girshick2015fastrcnn,hinton2012acoustic,levine2020wasserstein,imagenet2012}, they are ... |
1,108,101,563,329 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Spreading broadly refers to the notion of an entity propagating through a networked system, typically fueled by a dynamical process \cite{pastor2015epidemic}.
Spreading processes are a powerful set of tools for modelling a wide-range of real-world phenomena, including the dissemination of (dis)i... |
1,108,101,563,330 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Quantum supergroups associated with simple Lie superalgebras and their affine analogues
were introduced \cite{BGZ, Y94, ZGB91b} and extensively studied
(see, e.g., \cite{Z93, Z98} and references therein) in the 90s.
They have important applications in a variety of areas, most n... |
1,108,101,563,331 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Plane Couette and pipe flow are canonical configurations of wall-bounded flows which transition to turbulence in spite of their stability to infinitesimal disturbances~\citep{schmid2001stability}. It has now been established that the transition to turbulence in such flows is related to the ampli... |
1,108,101,563,332 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Thermal relaxation is a fundamental process in statistical mechanics, with numerous applications in Nature and industry. Nonetheless, the kinetics of relaxation is well understood only close to equilibrium: within the quasistatic approximation~\cite{New01} and in the linear response regime~\cite{... |
1,108,101,563,333 | arxiv |
\section{Quantitative Evaluation}
\label{sec:evaluation}
\newcommand{\textsc{Seq}2\textsc{Class}\xspace}{\textsc{Seq}2\textsc{Class}\xspace}
\newcommand{\textsc{Seq}2\textsc{Space}\xspace}{\textsc{Seq}2\textsc{Space}\xspace}
\newcommand{\textsc{Seq}-\mbox{\textsc{Typilus}}\xspace\xspace}{\textsc{Seq}-\mbox{\textsc{T... |
1,108,101,563,334 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\vspace{-0.5em}
The huge mobile traffic in wireless communications, mainly caused by the the mobile video traffic that accounts for the majority of the total mobile data traffic, has brought us needs for 5G and beyond 5G technologies \cite{Cisco_1, andrews2014will}.
Currently, massive multiple-in... |
1,108,101,563,335 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Flavour-Changing Neutral Current (FCNC) processes provide a powerful
tool for testing the Standard Model and the physics beyond it. Of
particular interest are the rare kaon decays $K_L \to \pi^0 \nu \bar \nu$, $K^+ \to \pi^+ \nu \bar \nu$ and $K_L \to \pi^0 e^+ e^-$
which are g... |
1,108,101,563,336 | arxiv |
\subsection{Validation Methods}
Safety validation is the process of ensuring safe operation of a system in an operating environment~\cite{corsoSurveyAlgorithmsBlackBox2021}. Methods such as statistical model checking have been used to estimate the probability that a perception system's estimates comply with some spec... |
1,108,101,563,337 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Summary}
\label{sec:introduction}
The subject matter of this paper is the propagation of neutrinos in a medium
in the presence of an external electromagnetic field. There are various
problems of interest associated with this subject that have been well studied
in previous works. In most previ... |
1,108,101,563,338 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are two general paradigms for implementing quantum algorithms~\cite{nielsen00}. In the first, the quantum algorithm is implemented on a single quantum system with the appropriate number of qubits and which can be prepared in a suitable pure state and is amenable to projective measurements.... |
1,108,101,563,339 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper is a continuation of the study of the spectrum and the essential spectra of
weighted
composition operators undertaken by the first named author in~\cite{Ki1} - ~\cite{Ki4},
see also~\cite{AAK}.
To illustrate what the paper is about let us consider the following example. Let $X... |
1,108,101,563,340 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The properties of ultradense matter and strongly curved spacetime and
the behavior of matter in the extreme environments near compact
objects are among the most fundamental problems in astrophysics. X-ray
timing measurements have powerful advantages for studying these
problems \cite{lamb04}. Th... |
1,108,101,563,341 | arxiv | \section{Finite volume discretization}
\label{sec.numethod}
Here, $\Omega(t) \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ denotes the time-dependent polygonal/polyhedral volume in current configuration in $d\in[2,3]$ space dimensions and $\partial \Omega(t)$ its surface defined by the outward pointing unit normal vector $\vec{n}$.
\s... |
1,108,101,563,342 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
AI systems need to be able to understand, interpret, and predict human decisions in order to successfully cooperate with humans and navigate human environments.
Several key decisions
that humans make are \emph{morally charged} -- they deal with concerns of harm, justice, and fairness \citep{t... |
1,108,101,563,343 | arxiv | \section*{I. Introduction}
The $S$-matrix of (massive) integrable quantum field theory in 1+1 dimensions
can be studied by several different methods.
The high brow technology to construct $S$-matrix
is based on the symmetry principle
such as Yang-Baxter equation, unitarity, crossing relation,
real analyticity and boots... |
1,108,101,563,344 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Right after the discovery of the gauge/gravity correspondence~\cite{Maldacena:1997re}, it was applied in parallel with hydrodynamics to describe strongly coupled fluids~\cite{Policastro2002,
Policastro:2001yc,Bhattacharyya:2008jc}, which are relativistic.
Most experiments, however, are conducted... |
1,108,101,563,345 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Perovskite oxide BiFeO$_3$ (BFO) continues to reveal itself as one of
the most intriguing materials of the day. Not only does it remain the
most promising magnetoelectric multiferroic for applications at room
temperature, but it also has been shown recently to display a variety
of novel fundame... |
1,108,101,563,346 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In \cite{VLL2013} the authors proved that the union bound can be used to analyze the diversity - multiplexing gain trade-off (DMT) of a large class of division algebra based lattice codes.
This work was based on upper bounding the pairwise error probability (PEP) in the high signal-to-noise rat... |
1,108,101,563,347 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:int}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
The {\em Yangian} $\Y(\osp_{N|2m})$ associated with the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra
$\osp_{N|2m}$ is a deformation of the universal enveloping algebra
$\U(\osp_{N|2m}\tss[u])$ in the class of Hopf algebras. The original definition
in terms of an... |
1,108,101,563,348 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Deep learning is increasingly being deployed for real-world applications like self-driving, face recognition systems, cyber-security, etc \cite{taigmanYRW14,finnL17,BermanBCC19,PCKK17,patelSCKK18,PKK18,uun19,levineFDA16,patelCKK19,HeSPMAZRKWPLBSL19,khorrami2016cybersecurity}. Adversaries thus ha... |
1,108,101,563,349 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years a lot of work was devoted to the study of the homotopy groups of
the space of Riemannian metrics of positive scalar curvature on a
given closed, connected manifold and its moduli space, see for example the papers \cite{MR2680210}, \cite{MR3270591}, \cite{botvinnik14:_infin}, \cit... |
1,108,101,563,350 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
I would like to thank my advisor, Bob Constable, for comments and support,
Richard Shore for helpful discussions, David Martin for commenting on
the early stages of this research and anonymous referees for their comments.
\section{Applications}\label{secapp}}
The normalization theorem i... |
1,108,101,563,351 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Planetary obliquity is a key astronomical parameter that strongly affects planetary climate by controlling the distribution of incoming stellar radiation at the top of the atmosphere. The Earth's obliquity is relatively stable at around $23.5^{\circ}$ but it has varied from $2... |
1,108,101,563,352 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The pursuit for the first galaxies has recently entered a new phase as observations at redshifts $z \gtrsim 6$ have now probed the epoch before cosmic reionization was complete enough to fill in the Gunn-Peterson trough. The WFC3/IR Camera on {\it {HST}} has recently detected a sample of more t... |
1,108,101,563,353 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Nearby Young Associations (NYAs) provide a unique means of studying the formation processes and physical properties of stars and brown dwarfs (BDs) at ages ranging from 8~Myr to 120~Myr. Since these associations are close-by and believed to have formed coevally, each of them consists of an easil... |
1,108,101,563,354 | arxiv | \section{Model for Ly$\alpha$\ Luminosity Density Contributed by Star-forming Galaxies}\label{sec: Lya model}
In our model, star-forming galaxies dominate the Ly$\alpha$\ luminosity density. We first review the \citet{Dijkstra2012} model for the REW distribution of Ly$\alpha$\ emission from an inner aperture around st... |
1,108,101,563,355 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Network interdiction problems have two opposing actors: an ``evader''
(\emph{e.g.} smuggler) and an ``interdictor'' (\emph{e.g.}
border agent.) The evader attempts to minimize some objective
function in the network, \emph{e.g.} the probability of capture while
travelin... |
1,108,101,563,356 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction}
In the impulse approximation (IA), lepton-nucleus interaction is described as a two step process: in the first step, the lepton interacts with a single bound nucleon, and in the second one, the resulting particles propagate inside the nucleus. The IA formalism is the basi... |
1,108,101,563,357 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\setcounter{figure}{0}
\setcounter{table}{0}
Chemical reactions are fundamental in many scientific fields including biology, material science, chemical engineering and so on.
To identity the reactions from experimental data, the traditional methods ar... |
1,108,101,563,358 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $A \in \mathbb{Z}^{m \times n}$ with $\operatorname{rank}(A) = m$ and $\mathbf{c} \in \mathbb{Q}^n$ satisfy $\mathbf{c}^\intercal \mathbf{x} \le 0$ for all $\mathbf{x} \in \mathbb{R}^n_{\ge 0} $ such that $A\mathbf{x} = \mathbf{0} $.
We consider $A$ and $\mathbf{c}$ to be fixed throughout th... |
1,108,101,563,359 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we consider the nonlinear Jordan--Moore--Gibson--Thompson (JMGT)
equation:
\begin{subequations}
\label{Main_problem}
\begin{equation}
\tau u_{ttt}+u_{tt}-c^{2}\Delta u-\beta \Delta u_{t}=\frac{\partial }{%
\partial t}\left( \frac{1}{c^{2}}\frac{B}{2A}(u_{t})^{2}+|\nabla
u|^{2}\... |
1,108,101,563,360 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
In the paper \cite{UY_AV} we formulated certain conjectures about algebraic
flows on abelian varieties and proved certain cases of these conjectures.
The purpose of this paper is two-fold. We first prove the `logarithmic Ax-Lindemann theorem'
(see details below). We then prove a result analogou... |
1,108,101,563,361 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Our experience of the world is punctuated in time by discrete events, all connected by an architecture of hidden forces and causes. In order to form expectations about the future, one of the brain's primary functions is to infer the statistical structure underlying past experiences.\cite{Hyman-... |
1,108,101,563,362 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Excitons play a central role in the optical properties of materials for optoelectronics, photovoltaics and photocatalysis applications. \cite{PhysRevB.95.035125,PhysRevLett.116.066803,acs.jpclett.1c00543,Dong2020,science.abm8511} Excitons are usually described as an electron-hole pair and they a... |
1,108,101,563,363 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
In this paper, we present high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods for the Euler--Poisson equations in spherical symmetry, which have the well-balanced property to preserve hydrostatic equilibrium states exactly and total energy conservation property at the same tim... |
1,108,101,563,364 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Within an open cluster, dynamical interactions with hard binaries\footnote{\footnotesize A hard binary
is defined as having an internal energy that is much greater than the energy of the relative motion
of a single star moving within the cluster \citep{heg74}.
For solar mass stars in a clu... |
1,108,101,563,365 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Although it was anticipated that NASA's {\em Kepler}\ mission could find
systems with more than one planet transiting the same host star
\citep{Koch:96,Holman:05}, the rich harvest of candidate multiples
that appeared already in the first four months of {\em Kepler}\ data caught
all of us on the... |
1,108,101,563,366 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We study online learning algorithms applied to network matrix games in the form
\begin{align*}
\max_{x_i\in \mathbb{R}^{S_i}} \left\langle x_i, \sum_{i\neq j} A^{(ij)} x_j - b_i\right\rangle \forall \ i=1,...,N.
\end{align*}
These games are used to capture a network where an agent receives util... |
1,108,101,563,367 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\vspace{-2mm}
Quand on envisage l'analyse syntaxique en vue de produire une analyse
sémantique complète de la phrase, il est intéressant de représenter le
résultat sous forme de dépendances entre mots. On s'abstrait ainsi de
tous les détails qui ne jouent pas de rôle dans le calcul de la sémant... |
1,108,101,563,368 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Along with the success of convolution neural networks in object recognition and detection, an increasing number of trackers \cite{Song2017, Nam2016, Wang2015, Bertinetto2016, Guo2017} have adopted deep learning models for visual object tracking. Among them are two dominant tracking strategies. ... |
1,108,101,563,369 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
As part of our experiments on quantum computing using individually trapped, cold rubidium atoms~\cite{sch01a,Pro02a}, we wish to turn a single atom into a single photon source. In order to drive transitions on the D$_2$ line of $^{87}$Rb{}, we require a laser system at $780\unit{nm}$ capable of g... |
1,108,101,563,370 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $B_t$ denote a Brownian motion on $\mathbb{R}$ with $B_0=0$ and let
$L(t,x)=L^x_t$ be its local time at $x$ up to time $t$. In
connection with stochastic area integrals with respect to local time
\cite{walsh1983} and the Brownian excursion filtration, Rogers and
Walsh \cite{rogers1991local} ... |
1,108,101,563,371 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $V = \mathbb{R}^n $ be an Euclidean space with standard inner product $(\cdot, \cdot)$. Consider a collection $ \mathcal{A}_+ =\{\alpha\} $ of nonparallel vectors in $V$ with prescribed `multiplicities' $k_\alpha$, which we assume (for the moment) to be arbitrary real numbers. We will refer ... |
1,108,101,563,372 | arxiv | \subsection{Analytic Scales}
\label{sec:an_scales}
As discussed previously, magnetic field-mediated particle interactions allow
the ICM to function as a fluid at large scales, but at smaller scales
this assumption breaks down. In this section we examine characteristic
length and time scales in the intracluster medium ... |
1,108,101,563,373 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For the last few decades, there has been fruitful interaction between
quantum physics and geometry. This was triggered by the pioneering
work of Witten on supersymmetry and Morse theory \cite{Witten:1982im}
in which it was shown that the $0+1$-dimensional supersymmetric non-linear
sigma model wi... |
1,108,101,563,374 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Current cosmological data are well described by a general relativistic description of the gravitational interaction sourced by perfect fluids and a cosmological constant $\Lambda$. In the standard cosmological scenario the universe experiences three different dynamical epochs usually named as the... |
1,108,101,563,375 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of $\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity (SUGRA) theories has gained
interest in recent years for a variety of reasons. For example,
$\mathcal{N}=2$ branes are particularly relevant to the conjectured
equivalence between string theory on anti-de Sitter space and
certain superconformal gauge the... |
1,108,101,563,376 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
Automatic test generation is known to help find bugs and security
vulnerabilities, and therefore, improve software quality. As a result,
there has emerged a wide variety of test-generation tools that
implement techniques such as random
testing~\cite{ClaessenHughes2000,Csallner... |
1,108,101,563,377 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Manual biomedical image segmentation is time-consuming and subject to intra- and interexpert variability, and thus in recent years a lot of advances have been made to automate this process. Because of its good performance, supervised voxelwise classification~\cite{opbroek2014tra... |
1,108,101,563,378 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
A (deterministic) {\it recursive tree} with $n$ vertices is a
rooted tree with vertices labeled with $1,2\ldots, n$ that
satisfies the following property: the root is labeled with $1$,
and the labels of the vertices on the unique path from the root to
any other vertex (lab... |
1,108,101,563,379 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:info}
With the discovery of the diffuse astrophysical neutrinos by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, neutrino oscillations can be explored at new energy and distance scales \cite{HESE} \cite{global} \cite{aachen}. Tau neutrinos are rarely produced in nature, however there may be a flux ... |
1,108,101,563,380 | arxiv | \section*{References}}
\begin{document}
\definecolor{MyDarkBlue}{rgb}{1, 0.9, 1}
\lstset{language=Matlab,
basicstyle=\footnotesize,
commentstyle=\itshape,
stringstyle=\ttfamily,
showstringspaces=false,
tabsize=2}
\lstdefinestyle{commentstyle}{color=\color{green}}
\theoremstyle{rem... |
1,108,101,563,381 | arxiv |
\section*{Context and outline}
\label{intro}
\etoctoccontentsline*{section}{Context and outline}{1}
Perturbative quantum field theory develops the functional integrals of Lagrangian quantum field theories
such as those of the standard model into a formal series of Feynman graphs and their amplitudes.
The latter ar... |
1,108,101,563,382 | arxiv | \section{THE UNIFORM COST CASE}
\label{sec:theory}
\begin{algorithm}[tb]
\caption{{\textsc{GP-Select}}\xspace}
\label{alg:main}
\begin{algorithmic}
\STATE {\textbf{Input:}} Ground Set ${\mathbf{V}}$, kernel ${\kappa}$ and budget $B$
\STATE Initialize selection set ${\mathit{S}}$
\FOR{$t = 1, 2, \dots, B$}
... |
1,108,101,563,383 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent observations, consistent with expectations for the shadow of a Kerr black hole (BH) as predicted
by general relativity, have been, for the first time, presented
\cite{Akiyama:2019cqa,Akiyama:2019eap}. This result emphasise the need to address the
long-standing puzzles presented by ... |
1,108,101,563,384 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Classifying gapped free-fermion systems in terms of topological invariants has been one of the major progresses in the understanding of quantum condensed matter~\cite{Schnyder08,Kitaev09,Ryu10,Chiu16}. At fixed space dimension, this classification scheme, known as the tenfold way, is based on th... |
1,108,101,563,385 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
The gravitational-wave (GW) signals from binary coalescences provide a unique opportunity to study gravity in the strong-field and dynamical regimes.
Of particular interest here is the signal from the final stages of a binary black-hole (BH) merger, known as the ringdown,... |
1,108,101,563,386 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \indent
Since it was first observed, the prompt charmonia production in hadronic collisions
remains a topic of considerable theoretical and experimental interest.
A commonly accepted theoretical framework for the description of charmonia production
and decay is provided by the nonrelativistic... |
1,108,101,563,387 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The AdS/CFT correspondence~\cite{adscft} gives new insight
for understanding strongly coupled gauge theories or strongly
correlated condensed matter systems.
In particular, high temperature superconductors in the framework of the AdS/CFT correspondence attract much attention. ... |
1,108,101,563,388 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A first order quark-hadron phase transition in the early universe
at a critical temperature
$T_c\sim 100-200$ MeV, lead to the formation of
quark nuggets (QN), made of $u$, $d$ and $s$ quarks \cite{witten}.
Under certain circumstances the primordial QN's will survive till
the present epoch. ... |
1,108,101,563,389 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\FBB{In the literature, Doppler power spectral density (DPSD) analysis for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channels has been performed either based on real measurements \cite{Aco07, Aco07_2, Tan08, Zaj09_M, Che13} or analytical derivations from geometry-based stochastic channel models (GBSCMs) \cite{A... |
1,108,101,563,390 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
Although bimodal planar Ising spin glass models are very simple in concept,
they are extremely controversial. One main reason why concerns the energy gap
between the ground and first excited states. To date, most work has been
reported for the square lattice where there is wide acceptance for the... |
1,108,101,563,391 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introd}
The relevance of B\"acklund transformations in soliton theory is well established, see \cite{CalogeroDegasperis, RogersShadwick, RogersAmes, RogersSchief, Gu-book}
where a wide variety of applications of B\"acklund and Darboux Transformations and their
connections with partia... |
1,108,101,563,392 | arxiv |
\section{Multipole Decomposition}
\begin{figure}[h!tb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{ilc_7yr}
\caption{The Internal Linear Combination Map is a weighted linear combination of the five WMAP frequency maps. The weights are computed using criteria which minimize the Galactic foreground contribution to ... |
1,108,101,563,393 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The aim of this paper is to develop time splitting schemes in combination with transparent boundary conditions that have spectral accuracy in space. Splitting schemes are based on the divide and conquer idea; i.e. to divide the original problem into smaller sub-problems which are, h... |
1,108,101,563,394 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A scattering problem is concerned with finding the outgoing waves when
a given incident wave impinges upon a structure. If both incoming and
outgoing waves are restricted to a finite number of radiation
channels, the complete solution of any linear scattering problem is
given by a finite scatter... |
1,108,101,563,395 | arxiv | \section{Dijet production in high energy DIS}
{\bf Dijet production in high energy DIS.}
In the dipole picture of high energy deeply inelastic scattering (DIS), the production of a forward $q\bar{q}$ dijet can be seen as the splitting of a virtual photon $\gamma^*$ into a quark-antiquark dipole and its subsequent eikon... |
1,108,101,563,396 | arxiv |
\section{I. Definition of Currents}
In this section, we will define the currents entering the TUR and the MTUR in
Eqs.~(1) and~(2) in the main text, respectively. Since these two relations are
valid for discrete and continuous systems, we will define currents for both
system types. For the sake of simplicity, we consi... |
1,108,101,563,397 | arxiv |
\section{Algorithms}\label{sec:bisection}
In this section we sketch the algorithms that are used to calculate the expectile and the RVaR. For the expectile we perform a bisection search algorithm on a classical device and in every iteration step, the objective function is calculated on a quantum computer. This is ... |
1,108,101,563,398 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It has recently been demonstrated that when external noise
acts on bipartite states of compound quantum systems, a sudden
total loss of entanglement can occur in finite time in a context where
there is persistence of some quantum coherence for {\it all} finite times,
an effect known as Entangl... |
1,108,101,563,399 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are several approaches to the solution of general fluid-structure interaction (\acro{FSI}) problems. Among these we find a set of methods, which we will call \emph{immersed methods}, for which the discretization of the fluid domain is completely independent of that of the solid. These meth... |
1,108,101,563,400 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec.intro}
Consider the periodic nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation
\begin{align}\label{p-nls0}
i\partial_t{\psi} &= \Delta \psi + \lambda|\psi|^{2p} \psi
\end{align}
where $p \in \mathbb{N}$, $x\in\mathbb{T}^d$ and $\Delta$ is the standard Laplace-Beltrami operator. We wish to investigat... |
1,108,101,563,401 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Two-dimensional topological insulators support gapless current-carrying edge states
characterized by opposite propagation direction for opposite spins.\cite{kan05,ber06}
The conduction of these helical states is protected against disorder since backscattering is forbidden
by time-reversal symmetr... |
1,108,101,563,402 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
It is well known in group theory that the subgroups of the direct product of two groups can exhibit fairly wild behaviour, even if the factors are well-behaved.
For instance, Baumslag and Roseblade showed in \cite[Theorem 1]{baumslaugandroseblade}
that there are uncountably man... |
1,108,101,563,403 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Please follow the steps outlined below when submitting your manuscript to
the IEEE Computer Society Press. This style guide now has several
important modifications (for example, you are no longer warned against the
use of sticky tape to attach your artwork to the paper), so all authors
should r... |
1,108,101,563,404 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent, rapid advances in creating, detecting, and controlling quantum-mechanical states in engineered systems heralds the beginning of the quantum-information era.
A diverse set of physical platforms, including superconducting circuits \cite{Gambetta2017}, cold ions \cite{Brown2016}, integr... |
1,108,101,563,405 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The classical Dedekind sum is defined for $h\in \Z$, $k\in \N:=\{1,2,\ldots\}$ by
\begin{equation*}
s(h,k):=\sum_{a \text{ (mod $k$)}} \left(\left(\frac{a}{k}\right)\right) \left(\left(\frac{ah}{k}\right)\right),
\end{equation*}
adopting the usual notation
\begin{equation*}
\left(\left(x... |
1,108,101,563,406 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Sec:Intro}
The wireless channels in the uplink of \ac{MU-MIMO} systems can often be advantageously modelled as
\ac{AR} processes, because \ac{AR} channel models capture the time-varying (aging) nature of the channels and
facilitate channel estimation and prediction \cite{Yan:01, Zhang:... |
1,108,101,563,407 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\wh{
In the big data era, the Internet of Things generates massive and heterogenous visual data. The data volume is too large that conventional paradigm, \textit{i.e.} compressing videos and analyzing in the cloud, leads to severe compression artifacts and largely degrades the... |
1,108,101,563,408 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The investigation of topological spin textures (such as e.g. the magnetic skyrmion \cite{art:nagaosa_skyrmion_topology, art:kai_skyrmion_hall_angle, art:hofmann_skyrmion_hall_angle, art:fert_topo_protection}) in material systems exhibiting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) has recently be... |
1,108,101,563,409 | arxiv | \section{Supplementary Material to "Order-by-disorder and quantum Coulomb phase in quantum square ice"}
\subsection{Mapping between the 16-vertex model and the Ising model on the checkerboard lattice}
In order to connect the observables of the antiferromagnetic Ising model on the checkerboard lattice with those of t... |
1,108,101,563,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The 511 keV gamma ray line observed by the INTEGRAL/SPI experiment is
consistent with the annihilation of $\sim (1.5 \pm 0.1) \times 10^{43}$
low-energy positrons per second in a region within $\sim 1$ kpc of the
galactic center (GC), in addition to a fainter ($(0.3 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{43}$
$e^+... |
1,108,101,563,411 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:intro}
Astrophysical discoveries at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths are being driven by recent advancements in imaging array technologies. For example, recent advances in mm-wave measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) have been enabled by large $\sim10,000$ pi... |
1,108,101,563,412 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgment} \label{sec:acknowledgments}
\small{This work was partially supported by the project FAPEMIG-PRONEX-MASWeb, Models, Algorithms and Systems for the Web, process number APQ-01400-14, and by individual grants from CNPq, CAPES, and Fapemig. We also would like to thank Gabriel Magno for sharing h... |
1,108,101,563,413 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We have seen a number of recent advancements to the theory of rank
aggregation. This problem has a number of applications ranging from
marketing and advertisements to competitions and election. The main
question of rank aggregation is how to consistently combine various
individual preference... |
1,108,101,563,414 | arxiv |
\subsubsection*{Acknowledgments}
This work was supported in part by Institute of Information \& Communications Technology Planning \& Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No.2019-0-00075, Artificial Intelligence Graduate School Program (KAIST)) in part by Samsung Advanced Institute of... |
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