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1,108,101,563,615 | arxiv | \section*{}
\vspace{-1cm}
\footnotetext{\textit{$^{a}$~Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPIDS), Am Fa{\ss}berg 17, 37077 G\"ottingen, Germany. E-mail: oliver.baeumchen@ds.mpg.de}}
\footnotetext{\textit{$^{b}$~Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Th\'eorique, UMR CNRS 7083 Gulliver, ESPCI ParisTech, ... |
1,108,101,563,616 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $S$ be a topological space and denote by ${{\mathcal C}}_4={{\mathcal C}}_4(S)$ the space of quadruples of pairwise distinct points of $S$. Let $G$ be a group of homeomorphisms of $S$ acting diagonally on ${{\mathcal C}}_4$ from the left: for each $g\in G$ and ${{\mathfrak p}}=(p_1,p_2,p_3,p_... |
1,108,101,563,617 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
General Relativity (GR) is a very successful theory to describe gravitational interaction. It is a theoretically consistent and experimentally tested theory. So far, GR has been confirmed by every experiment in the solar system~\cite{will1993, reasenberg1973, everitt2011,rodrigues2018} and astrop... |
1,108,101,563,618 | arxiv | \section{Interpolation}
Interpolation problems for analytic functions have been a mainstay in complex analysis since its conception in the late 19th century. The general idea is that we have a certain class $\mathcal{X}$ of analytic functions on the open unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ (e.g., all analytic functions, bounded an... |
1,108,101,563,619 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgements}
\input{acknowledgements/Acknowledgements}
\printbibliography
\clearpage
\input{atlas_authlist}
\end{document}
\section{Systematic uncertainties}\label{sec:systematics}
Although statistical uncertainties dominate the sensitivity of this analysis given the small number of events, care ... |
1,108,101,563,620 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{SEC:introduction}
Model checking is an automatic analysis method which explores all possible states of a modeled system to verify whether the system satisfies a formally specified property. It was popularized in industrial applications, e.g., for computer hardware and software, and has gr... |
1,108,101,563,621 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wireless cellular networks are constantly evolving to cope with the accelerating increase
of the traffic demand. The technology progressed from 3G enhancement with HSDPA
(High-Speed Downlink Packet Access) to 4G with LTE (Long Term Evolution). The
networks become also more dense and more het... |
1,108,101,563,622 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A \textit{repetition} in a sequence $\varphi$ is a subsequence $\rho = x_1 \dots x_{2t}$
of consecutive terms of $\varphi$ such that $x_i = x_{t+i}$ for every $i=1,\dots,t$.
The length of a repetition is hence always even and comprised of two identical \textit{repetition blocks},
$\rho_1 ... |
1,108,101,563,623 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G$ be a group and $X$ a $G$-module.
Motivated by topological geometry,
Staic \cite{staic20093} defined symmetric cohomology of groups
by constructing an action of the symmetric group $S_{\bullet +1}$
on the standard resolution $\cpx{C}{}{\bullet}{G}{X}$
which gives the group cohomology ... |
1,108,101,563,624 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\iffalse
\todo{In this paper we consider $\gamma$-discounted infinite-horizon constrained Markov decision process (CMDP) \cite{altman1999constrained}. Such problem arises in many practical applications: autonomous driving \cite{fisac2018general}, robotics \cite{ono2015chance}, in applications whe... |
1,108,101,563,625 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s:iintro}
This is the continuation of paper~\cite{part-I}; we also call this latter `Part~I', while the present paper `Part~II'. We refer to formulas, definitions, etc.\ from Part~I in the following format: formula~(I.5) means formula~5 in Part~I, etc.
\medskip
A standard way to define a... |
1,108,101,563,626 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Submillimeter Common User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) camera
on the James Clerk Maxwell
Telescope (JCMT) (Holland {\it et al.}\ 1999) has provided a new window for
ground-based
studies of the high-$z$ Universe. This brief review summarizes
results from a large campaign of deep
surveys carri... |
1,108,101,563,627 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hirsch-Smale theory \cite{Hirsch} reduces the problem of regular
homotopy classification of immersions to homotopy theory. However,
this homotopy theoretic problem is usually hard to deal with. In
the case of immersions of oriented 3-manifolds into $\mathbb R^5$ this
homotopy theoretic problem w... |
1,108,101,563,628 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{chap:intro}
\begin{quote}
\hfill `All of mathematics is the study of symmetry' --- H.S.M.~Coxeter.
\end{quote}
The broadest possible setting in which to place the current work is in the study of \emph{mathematical symmetry}. This should practically go without saying, given the above q... |
1,108,101,563,629 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The field of deep reinforcement learning (RL) has showcased amazing results in recent time, solving tasks in robotic control \cite{duan2016benchmarking, lillicrap2015continuous}, games \cite{mnih2015human} and other complex environments. Despite such successes, deep RL algorithms are sample inef... |
1,108,101,563,630 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Physical simulations have influenced developments in engineering, technology, and science more rapidly than ever before. The widespread application of simulations as digital twins is one recent example. Advances in optimization and control theory have also increased simulation pr... |
1,108,101,563,631 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Due to the prevalence of huge networks, scalable algorithms for fundamental graph problems recently have gained a lot of importance in the area of parallel computing.
The \emph{Massively Parallel Computation ($\mathsf{MPC}$\xspace)} model \cite{karloff2010model,goodrich2011sorting, beame2014ske... |
1,108,101,563,632 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Motivations}
The systematic investigation of strings in curved spacetimes
started in \cite{plb} has uncovered a variety of new physical phenomena
(see \cite{erice,nueview} for a general review). These results are
relevant both for
fundamental (quantum) strings and for cosmic strings, which... |
1,108,101,563,633 | arxiv | \section{An Analysis}
\label{sec:anal}
Before we present the main result, let us remark on the convergence properties and run-time of both Algorithm \ref{alg:SCDM} and Algorithm \ref{alg:SPC}.
Algorithm \ref{alg:SCDM} has been proposed by \cite{marecek2017matrix}.
They present a convergence result,
wh... |
1,108,101,563,634 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\subsection{Background and motivation}
The emergence of computational and experimental engineering has led to a spectrum of new mathematical questions on how
to best merge
{\em data driven} and {\em model based} approaches. The development of corresponding {\em data-assimi... |
1,108,101,563,635 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
If a model of biological sequence evolution is to be used for
phylogenetic inference, it is essential that the model parameters of
interest --- certainly the tree parameter and usually the numerical
parameters
--- be identifiable from the joint distribution of states at the
leav... |
1,108,101,563,636 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and statement of main results}
Tensors appear in numerous mathematical and scientific contexts. The two contexts
most relevant for this paper are quantum information theory and algebraic
complexity theory, especially the study of the complexity of matrix
multiplication.
There are numerous... |
1,108,101,563,637 | arxiv | \section{ Introduction }\label{Introduction}
\noindent The binomial edge ideal of a graph was introduced in \cite{HHHKR}, and \cite{O} at about the same time.
Let $G$ be a finite simple graph with vertex set $[n]$ and edge set $E(G)$.
Also, let $S=K[x_1,\ldots,x_n,y_1,\ldots,y_n]$ be the polynomial ring over a fie... |
1,108,101,563,638 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ubiquity of the normal distribution as indicated by the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) is
a somewhat mysterious result. One of the possible explanations for it is an interpretation
of the CLT as a fixed-point theorem; for a plethora of approaches see
\cite{Tro59,Gol76,HW84,Bar86,Swa91,Sin92}. T... |
1,108,101,563,639 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the recent times, we have observed the renaissance in
the nucleon structure studies through the Drell-Yan type processes
in the existing (FermiLab, Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collider, see \cite{RHIC,Gamberg:2013kla}) and future (J-Parc, NICA) experiments.
One of the most interesting subjects of... |
1,108,101,563,640 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Batch normalization \citep{ioffe2015batch}, in conjunction with skip connections \citep{he2016deep, he2016identity}, has allowed the training of significantly deeper networks, so that most state-of-the-art architectures are based on these two paradigms.
The main reason w... |
1,108,101,563,641 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In model predictive control (MPC), an optimization problem is solved at each time step to determine an optimal control action. When MPC is used to control safety-critical systems in real time, the employed optimization solvers need to be reliable and efficient, demands that become particularly c... |
1,108,101,563,642 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The field of spintronics investigates the interplay between the spin (magnetic) and charge degrees of freedom in a solid-state system~\cite{zutic_spintronics_2004, wolf_spintronics_2001}. Initial experimental techniques have focused on the electronic or optical detection of the magnetization, wh... |
1,108,101,563,643 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
In recent years impressive technical advances have prompted
intensive experimental and theoretical investigations of proximity
phenomena, originating from quantum and thermal fluctuations of
the electromagnetic field existing in the vicinity of all bodies.
In general, these phenome... |
1,108,101,563,644 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In this paper we derive and analyze a numerical method for minimizing a class energies that arise in economics (optimal location problems), electrical engineering (quantization), and materials science (crystallization and pattern formation). Applications are discussed further in... |
1,108,101,563,645 | arxiv | \section{Time averaged mean squared displacement for unconfined SBM}
While we are used to think of a diffusion process in terms of the MSD (\ref{msd})
calculated as the spatial average of $x^2$ over the probability density function
$P(x,t)$, single particle tracking experiments typically provide few but long
indi... |
1,108,101,563,646 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The study of laser-plasma interactions in the ultra-relativistic regime is an active frontier of research with close ties to nonlinear optics and high-energy particle physics \cite{Mourou-2006}. In the strong-field limit, approaching the Schwinger critical field in the particle rest frame, quantu... |
1,108,101,563,647 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
\begin{definition}\label{def:stratification}
Let $M$ be a variety. By a \textbf{stratification} $\mathcal{Y}_o$ of $M$, we mean a family of locally closed subvarieties indexed by a poset $\mathcal{Y}$ such that: $M=\bigsqcup_{X_o\in Y_o}X_o$, $\overline{X_o}=\bigsqcup_{X_o... |
1,108,101,563,648 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Boundary value problems (BVPs) for third order nonlinear differential equations appear in many applied fields, such as flexibility mechanics, chemical engineering, heat conduction and so on. A lot of works are devoted to the qualitative aspects of the problems (see e.g. \cite{Bai,Cabada2,Gross,G... |
1,108,101,563,649 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main result}\label{s:intro}
\subsection{Introduction}
The Piunikhin--Salamon--Schwarz isomorphism between the Hamiltonian Floer homology and the quantum homology of a symplectic manifold $M$ was constructed in \cite{PSS}. Nowadays it has become a standard tool of symplectic topology and is k... |
1,108,101,563,650 | arxiv | \section{Background} The starting point for the development of algebraic invariants in topological data analysis is the classification of finite persistence modules over a field $k$: that any such module decomposes into a direct sum of indecomposable interval modules; moreover, the decomposition is unique up to reorder... |
1,108,101,563,651 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
The AdS/CFT correspondence\cite{Maldacena1998} indicates that a weak
coupling gravity theory in (d+1)-dimensional AdS spacetime can be
described by a strong coupling conformal field theory on the d-dimensional
boundary. This means that the AdS/CFT correspondence could help us
understand mo... |
1,108,101,563,652 | arxiv | \section{\label{S1Int}Introduction}
The purpose of this paper is to establish the regularity of the
weak solutions for a certain nonlinear biharmonic equation in ${
\mathbb{R}^N}$. We consider solutions $u\colon {\mathbb{R}^N}\rightarrow {\mathbb{R}}$ of
the problem
$$
\left\{
\begin{array}{lr}
\Delta^2u+a(x)u=g(x,u... |
1,108,101,563,653 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
All objects at non-zero temperature emit thermal radiation due to the thermally excited motion of particles and quasi-particles. The emitted photons connect objects radiatively at large distances, such as the earth and the sun or outer space, enabling applications in solar energy harvesting inc... |
1,108,101,563,654 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{History and Context}
This article deals with a higher order version of the Alt-Caffarelli problem, which is a free boundary problem posed in \cite{Alt}. The classical first-order formulation can be understood as a variational Dirichlet problem with `adhesion' term. More exactly, the e... |
1,108,101,563,655 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:int}
The possibility of achieving the control over a quantum system is the fundamental prerequisite for developing a new form of technology based on quantum effects \cite{QTECH,QTECH1,QTECH2}. In particular this is an essential requirement for quantum computation, quantum communicatio... |
1,108,101,563,656 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Back-translation \citep{sennrich2016improving} allows to naturally exploit monolingual corpora in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) by using a reverse model to generate a synthetic parallel corpus. Despite its simplicity, this technique has become a key component in state... |
1,108,101,563,657 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The theory of Lie algebras is among the most developed f\/ields in algebra due to his broad applicability in dif\/ferential
geometry, theoretical physics, quantum f\/ield theory, classical or quantum mechanics and others.
Besides the purely algebraic interest in this problem, the classif\/icatio... |
1,108,101,563,658 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It has recently been demonstrated that the selective reflection (SR) of a laser radiation from an interface of dielectric window and atomic vapour confined in a nano-cell (NC) with a thickness of a few hundred nanometres is a convenient tool for atomic spectroscopy \cite{sargsyan_jetpl_2016,sargs... |
1,108,101,563,659 | arxiv | \chapter*{Acknowledgements}
I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof. Meir Feder, for his devoted mentoring throughout my research. Without Meir's enthusiasm, curiosity and endless support, this thesis could not have been what it is now. His depth as an information theorist, his broad-mindedness as a scientist and hi... |
1,108,101,563,660 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The success of the negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond \textcolor{black}{for magnetic field sensing} is due to a \textcolor{black}{powerful combination of characteristics:} a long spin-coherence time, the ability to perform optically-detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) \tex... |
1,108,101,563,661 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ground state of a quantum many-body system changes drastically as parameters in the Hamiltonian are driven across a quantum transition point.
This phenomenon is preceded in a finite-size system by closing of the energy gap between the ground and first excited states as a function of the s... |
1,108,101,563,662 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The observation of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binaries has become a primary avenue of scientific exploration. A plethora of events have flooded ground-based detectors, leading to the emergence of a novel era of GW astronomy and black hole (BH) spectroscopy. Systematic GW observatio... |
1,108,101,563,663 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Semileptonic pseudoscalar $B_{q}$ decays are crucial tools to
restrict the Standard Model (SM) parameters and search for new
physics beyond the SM. These decays provide possibility to calculate
the elements of the Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix, leptonic
decay constants as well as the or... |
1,108,101,563,664 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\citet{fanaroff74} introduced the first classification scheme for
extragalactic radio sources with large-scale structures (i.e., greater than
$\sim$15-20 kpc in size) based on the ratio $R_{FR}$ of the distance between
the regions of highest surface brightness on opposite sides of the central
ho... |
1,108,101,563,665 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vfigbegin
\image{0.7\columnwidth}{!}{lace_Ammann_Beenker_lowres.jpg}
\vfigend{fig:lace2}{`Nodding bur-marigold', Veronika Irvine 2019: dual of Ammann-Beenker tiling worked in DMC~Cordonnet~Special~80 cotton thread.}{Lace Ammann-Beenker}
Bobbin lace is a 500-year-old fibre art in whic... |
1,108,101,563,666 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the last years, there has been an increasing interest in so-called
multiferroic
materials, displaying simultaneously spontaneous ferroelectric (FE) polarization
and ferro- or
antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering. Multiferroics exhibit a rich variety
of fundamental
physical phenomena, an... |
1,108,101,563,667 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In anticipation of start of the LHC experiments there were presented many different theoretical views on the underlying physics at so large collision energies as well as numerous predictions for observables - a big collection of the predictions for heavy ion collision was assembled in \cite... |
1,108,101,563,668 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well established in gauge field theories that the vacuum expectation value of a field $\left\langle \phi\right\rangle$ can take on non-zero values when the ground state, at the minimum of the zero-temperature potential or ``true vacuum'', breaks the symmetry of the underlying Lagrangian \... |
1,108,101,563,669 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
During the last two decades, a very rich activity of both theorists and experimentalists has led to a better understanding of QCD at very high energy and high density. Especially with the advent of RHIC, which provided a very good opportunity to test new ideas. New ideas such as the theory of th... |
1,108,101,563,670 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton model with a Liouville potential (the EMdL model) follows from low energy string theories and can be obtained by dimensional reduction of a higher-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory with a cosmological constant. Some exact solutions to the EMdL equations, including s... |
1,108,101,563,671 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
D-branes \cite{dlp,gr}
have emerged as important objects in string theory. It is thus
important to understand various properties of these objects.
Properties of bound states at threshold are important
tests for string duality conjectures \cite{wit1,sen}.
In this paper we explore, non-threshold B... |
1,108,101,563,672 | arxiv | \subsection{The Case of Two Flavors}
\label{due}
\input{due}
\subsection{Generic Number of Flavor}
\label{general}
\input{generic}
\subsubsection{The Skyrme--Faddeev model}
\label{skyrme}
Let us briefly review the effective low-energy pion Lagrangian
corresponding to the given pattern of the $\chi$SB; see Eq. (\... |
1,108,101,563,673 | arxiv | \section*{References}
|
1,108,101,563,674 | arxiv | \section{Matchings}
Write
\[
f: A \equiv B
\]
and say `$f$ matches $A$ with $B$'
to mean that we know a suitable bijection
$f$ from $A$ to $B$,
together with its inverse
\[
f^{-1}:A \equiv B
.
\]
Write
\[
A \equiv B
\]
and say `$A$ matches $B$'
to mean that we know (or know we \emph{could} know)
some $f: A \equiv B$.
... |
1,108,101,563,675 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A $J$-Hermitian metric $g$ on a complex manifold $(M,J)$ is called SKT (\emph{strong K\"ahler with torsion}) or \emph{pluriclosed}
if the fundamental 2-form $\omega(\cdot,\cdot)=g(J\cdot,\cdot)$ satisfies
$$
\partial\ov \partial \omega=0
$$
(see for instance \cite {GHR}).
For complex surfaces... |
1,108,101,563,676 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Studies of the Galactic halo can help constrain the formation history of the Milky Way and the galaxy formation process in general. For example, in a recent theoretical study, \citet{har14} suggested there may be between 300 to 700 low luminosity ($<10^3$ $L_\sun$) dwarf satellite galaxies orbit... |
1,108,101,563,677 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
Within the inflationary scenario, spacetime typically inflated to the
extent that comoving modes which are of cosmological size today originated
well beyond the Planck scale (and any other natural ultraviolet (UV)
cutoff scale such as the string scale). This observation has le... |
1,108,101,563,678 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we consider the cubic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLS) in the periodic setting $x\in \mathbb{T}_\lambda^4$
\begin{equation}\label{eq:NLS}
(i\partial_t + \Delta) u = \mu u|u|^2,
\end{equation}
where $\mu = \pm 1$ ($+1$: the defocusing
case,
$-1$: the focusing case).
And ... |
1,108,101,563,679 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\renewcommand{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\newcommand{\l@qq}[2]{\addvspace{2em}
\hbox to\textwidth{\hspace{1em}\bf #1 \dotfill #2}}
\def\add#1{\addcontentsline{toc}{app}{\bf #1}}
\defAppendix{Appendix}
\newcounter{app}
\defAppendix \Alph{app}{Appendix \Alph{app}}
\def\s... |
1,108,101,563,680 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ever since Hans Berger made the first recording of the human electroencephalogram
(EEG) in 1924 there has been a tremendous interest in understanding the physiological
basis of brain rhythms. This has included the development of mathematical models of
cortical tissue, which are often referred to... |
1,108,101,563,681 | arxiv | \chapter{An overview of arithmetic motivic integration}{Julia Gordon}
\maketitle
\section{Introduction}
The aim of these notes is to provide an elementary
introduction to some aspects of the theory of
arithmetic motivic integration, as well as a brief guide to the extensive
literature on the subject.
The ide... |
1,108,101,563,682 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
Advances in the fabrication and measurement of microelectromechanical
systems (MEMS) and their evolution into nanoelectromechanical systems
(NEMS) have allowed researchers to measure astoundingly small forces,
masses, and displacements
\cite{Schwab:2005,ClelandBook:20... |
1,108,101,563,683 | arxiv |
\section*{Appendix}
\subsection{Proof of Theorem \ref{thm:CE}}\label{Append:thm1}
\begin{proof}
To compute $\vartheta_k^i$, the resource manager has no knowledge of $u_{[0,k-1]}^i$, but incorporates $\theta_{[0,k]}^i$'s, $i\!\in\!\mathrm{N}$, via $\tilde{\mathcal{I}}_k$. The controller $\mathcal{C}_i$ knows about~$u... |
1,108,101,563,684 | arxiv | \section{Abstract}
In this paper we examine the descriptive potential of a combinatorial data structure known as \textbf{Generating Set} in constructing the boundary maps of a simplicial complex. By refining the approach of \cite{Dumas} in generating these maps, we provide algorithms that allow for relations among simp... |
1,108,101,563,685 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The tools of algorithmic randomness have been particularly useful in studying the power of random oracles in the context of Turing reducibility. It is well-known that access to a random oracle does not aid in the computation of any \emph{individual} sequence, as Sacks~\cite{Sac63} proved that a... |
1,108,101,563,686 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Narrow-linewidth lasers are in increasing demand in science and bleeding edge technologies as they give a competitive advantage in such areas as coherent communications \cite{fulop2018high}, high-precision spectroscopy \cite{Suh600,Yang:19}, optical clocks \cite{Papp:14,Newman:19}, ultrafast opt... |
1,108,101,563,687 | arxiv | \section{Global magnetospheric simulations}
\label{sec:sim}
The global magnetospheric simulations are produced with the OpenGGCM-CTIM-RCM code, a MHD-based model that simulates the interaction of the solar wind with the magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere system. OpenGGCM-CTIM-RCM is available at the Community Coord... |
1,108,101,563,688 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In psychotherapy assessment, the quality of a session is generally evaluated through the process of behavioral coding in which experts manually identify and annotate behaviors of the participants \cite{bakeman2000behavioral}. However, this procedure is time-consuming, which makes it resource-hea... |
1,108,101,563,689 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wide and deep multicolour surveys are useful tools to investigate in
detail the processes of galaxy formation and evolution, especially
beyond the spectroscopic capabilities
of current instrumentation. One of the main aims of the deep
multicolour surveys is to provide a clear picture of the proc... |
1,108,101,563,690 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} Given a Hamiltonian $L$ with $N$-degrees of freedom, the procedure of extension allows the construction of Hamiltonians $H$ with $(N+1)$ degrees of freedom admitting as first integrals $L$ itself, with all its possible constants of motion, and a characteristic first integral dependent on a ration... |
1,108,101,563,691 | arxiv |
\section*{\refname}}{}{}{}
\newcommand{AE$\bar{\hbox{g}}$IS}{AE$\bar{\hbox{g}}$IS}
\newcommand{$\bar{\hbox{H}}$}{$\bar{\hbox{H}}$}
\newcommand{$\bar{\hbox{p}}$}{$\bar{\hbox{p}}$}
\newcommand{$\bar{\hbox{g}}$}{$\bar{\hbox{g}}$}
\newcommand{Moir\'{e}-deflectometer}{Moir\'{e}-deflectometer}
\newcommand{\note}[1]{{\emph... |
1,108,101,563,692 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The classic phenomenology scenario derived from string theory is that of $\mr{E}_8\times \mr{E}_8$ heterotic strings compactified on Calabi-Yau manifolds \cite{Candelas1}, but these models suffered from a plethora of problems including supersymmetry breaking, zero cosmological constant and too ma... |
1,108,101,563,693 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The Khovanov-Kuperberg algebras $K^\epsilon$ were introduced in 2012 by Mackaay -- Pan -- Tubbenhauer \cite{2012arXiv1206.2118M} and the author \cite{LHR1} in order to give an algebraic definition of $\ensuremath{\mathfrak{sl}}_3$-homology for tangles.
In \cite{2012arXiv1206.2118M... |
1,108,101,563,694 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The nonequilibrium dynamics of integrable many-body systems has received a large amount of attention recently, especially in view of experimental realizations in cold atomic gases \cite{giamarchi,review_giamarchi,Batch13}. It is known that in situations with slow, large-scale variations in space... |
1,108,101,563,695 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
{\bf
Machine learning has achieved dramatic success over the past decade, with applications ranging from face recognition to natural language processing. Meanwhile, rapid progress has been made in the field of quantum computation including developing both powerful quantum algorithms and advanced qua... |
1,108,101,563,696 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper aims at deriving a homotopy classification for super vector bundles. The importance of it is in connection with finding proper generalization of Chern classes in supergeometry. Indeed, Chern classes are some cohomology elements associated to isomorphism classes of complex vector bundle... |
1,108,101,563,697 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) \cite{CRANwhitepaper}, which centralizes the baseband functions at the baseband units (BBUs), can efficiently reduce the complexity of the remote radio units (RRUs), and thus the operation and deployment costs. Centralized baseband processing a... |
1,108,101,563,698 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{introduction}
Perseus is one of the most interesting and well studied star forming complexes, containing massive stars (Per OB2 association), young stellar clusters (e.g. IC348 and NGC1333) and several dense star forming cores within Perseus molecular cloud (e.g. \citet{kirk2006,ridge200... |
1,108,101,563,699 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Networks---and their \emph{topologies}---have been studied in a broad range of disciplines, leading to terms like \emph{social, economic, biological}, or \emph{chemical} networks, and, of course, mechanical networks \cite{newman2010networks}.
Here... |
1,108,101,563,700 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgements}
The research herein was
carried out in part in the CMPMS Dept. (RMK and JM) and at
the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (MS), Brookhaven National Laboratory,
which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
|
1,108,101,563,701 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The top quark is the heaviest known elementary particle with a mass approximately twice that of the electroweak vector bosons, and factor of 1.4 larger than that of the more recently discovered Higgs boson~\cite{Aad:2015zhl}.
Within the standard model (SM), this large mass arises from a large ... |
1,108,101,563,702 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Along with the Earth, Saturn's icy moon Titan is the only planetary body of the entire Solar System that possesses lakes and seas
\citep{Lopes2007,Stofan2007,Hayes2008}. Some of these lakes and seas are currently covered by liquids, while others are not
\citep{Hayes2008}. Most are located in t... |
1,108,101,563,703 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Magnetoelectric multiferroics, insulating magnets exhibiting simultaneous
magnetic and ferroelectric order, are widely investigated in large part
due to their potential applications for developing novel devices, including
magnetic sensors and multistate memory, among others [\onlinecite{ABHGL,sa... |
1,108,101,563,704 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Exciton and following charge migration is important and ubiquitous
in photo energy conversion process in material.
A photo excited exciton is a source of charge separation leading to chemical driving force.
\cite{Sundstrom-review-solar-energy,accum-CS}
Fundamentally and microscopically, they ... |
1,108,101,563,705 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusions}\label{conclusions}
In this paper, we proposed dynamic registration, combining ego motion estimation and moving object detection in a point cloud registration pipeline. 3D object detection is utilized to detect objects previously and removed temporarily. Then it begins to iteratively estimate e... |
1,108,101,563,706 | arxiv | \section{The $U(3)\times U(3)$ NJL model}
The $U(3)\times U(3)$ NJL model with scalar-pseudoscalar and vector-axial-vector sectors is
used in the present work. To solve the $U_A(1)$ problem, the six-quark t`Hooft interaction is
added to the Lagrangian of the model \cite{Klimt:1989pm,Klevansky:1992qe}
\begin{eqnarray}
... |
1,108,101,563,707 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgmenets}
This work was partly supported by IdEx Université de Paris ANR-18-IDEX-0001, as well the French National Research Agency (ANR) projects QuBIC and QuDATA.
\section{Introduction}
It is well known that many interesting and relevant optimization problems in the domain of Machine Learning can b... |
1,108,101,563,708 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The Tarantula Nebula or 30 Doradus in the Large Magellanic Cloud is the most important star-forming complex in the Local Group.
At its heart is R136, the stellar cluster that contains the most massive stars known \citep{CSH+:2010,CCB+:2016}
which fall into the categories of O stars and more pa... |
1,108,101,563,709 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ten years ago Chevalier and Clegg (1985) published a brief letter in
which they conjectured that a high supernova rate in a galactic
nucleus could heat the surrounding gas to temperatures with sound
speeds exceeding the escape velocity of the galaxy. This hot, tenuous
gas would expand outward fr... |
1,108,101,563,710 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The top quark is produced at the Tevatron mostly in pairs: the theoretical cross section for this process amounts to 6.7\,pb at Next-to-Leading Order (NLO)\,pb\,\cite{Cacciari} (for an assumed top quark mass of 175\,GeV/c$^2$). According to the Standard Model (SM), the top quark... |
1,108,101,563,711 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and summary}
This paper deals with $\mathcal{N}=2$ four-dimensional superconformal field theories (SCFT) and with the computation of the OPE coefficients of the chiral primary operators parametrizing the Coulomb branch (CB) of their moduli space. Research in the last two decades has enormously in... |
1,108,101,563,712 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\ac{ScoX1} is a compact object in a binary system with a low-mass companion
star. \cite{Fomalont2001ScoX1, Steeghs2002ScoX1}
It is believed to be a rapidly spinning neutron star
and a promising source of
continuous gravitational waves \cite{Watts_2008}. The signal received by an observatory
suc... |
1,108,101,563,713 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cartesian products of graphs derive their popularity from their simplicity,
and their importance from the fact that many classes of graphs, such as
hypercubes, Hamming graphs, median graphs, benzenoid graphs, or Cartesian
graph bundles, are either Cartesian products or closely related to them
\ci... |
1,108,101,563,714 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Whereas the electronic band topology in nonmagnetic topological materials is determined by the crystal symmetry and the relative strength of spin-orbit coupling, the magnetic ground state also plays a decisive role in magnetic topological materials \cite{Tokura2019,zou2019study,Watanabe2018,Xu2... |
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