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1,108,101,563,815
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction}} Spike trains recorded from nerve cells vary in their degree of regularity. Some emit regular tonic pulses like Purkinje cells, other show very irregular spike trains, such as ``stuttering cells'' or ``irregular spiking cells'' ~{[}1--5{]}. The ubiquitous irregularity of acti...
1,108,101,563,816
arxiv
\section{introduction} Far-infrared spectroscopy and transport measurements were from early on used to investigate the electronic structure\cite{Reimann02:1283} of quantum dots of various types. Far-infrared spectroscopy of arrays of quantum dots\cite{Demel90:788a,Shikin91:11903a} turned out to be rather insensitive ...
1,108,101,563,817
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The first gravitational wave (GW) detection of a binary neutron star (NS) merger, GW$\,$170817 \citep{Abbott+17-GW170817-Ligo-Detection}, was accompanied by the first electromagnetic counterpart to any GW detection -- the weak, short duration gamma-ray burst, GRB$\,$170817A \citep{Abbott+...
1,108,101,563,818
arxiv
\section{Introduction\label{sec:intro}} Being able to describe the data collected from the observations of various physical phenomena with simple analytical equations and formulas is the holy grail in theoretical physics --- the physicists who are lucky enough to find such relationships typically get those laws named ...
1,108,101,563,819
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} In this paper, we are interested in second-order optimality conditions for the following constrained vector optimization problem \begin{align*} & \text{min}\, f(x)\label{problem} \tag{VP} \\ &\text{subject to}\ \ x\in Q_0:=\{x\in X\,:\, g(x)\leqq 0\}, \end{align*} where $f:=(f_i)$,...
1,108,101,563,820
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \end{document} \section{Approach} \label{approach} The former sections show that the role of the KG encoder on CSKGs is to mainly complement PTMs in the task of commonsense reasoning. Instead of node features, relations features are the key to the KG encoder ...
1,108,101,563,821
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are the most commonly observed astrophysical sources in high energy. They emit bright non-thermal radiation across a wide range of energies and wavelengths (from radio to very high energy $\gamma$-ray) through the relativistic jets assumed to be produced by...
1,108,101,563,822
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Modern versions \cite{cavities} of the classic Michelson-Morley \cite{mm} and Kennedy-Thorndike \cite{kt} experiments are among the most sensitive tests of Lorentz invariance, the symmetry behind special relativity. Typically these experiments search for minute changes in the resonant frequenci...
1,108,101,563,823
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The motif, defined as a small connected subgraph that recurs in a graph, is the basic building block, or functional unit, of complex networks \cite{motif_block}. In real-world networks (e.g., gene regulatory networks), motifs represent the elementary interaction patterns between small groups...
1,108,101,563,824
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There has been considerable recent interest in inverse scattering problems for nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs)~\cite{assylbekov_1,assylbekov_2,carstea,imanuvilov,isakov_1,isakov_2,isakov_3,isakov_4,kang,kurylev,lassas}. There are numerous applications in various applied fields ra...
1,108,101,563,825
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sintro} {\em Spectral graph theory} has traditionally been the study of the relation between properties of (undirected) graphs and the spectrum of the adjacency matrix, Laplacian matrix, or signless Laplacian of the graph \cite{BH}. The distance matrix of a graph was introduced in the stu...
1,108,101,563,826
arxiv
\section*{Appendix} \subsection{Streaming} You don't even need a graph. You don't even need a row. You only need a \emph{sample} from a row's distribution! \subsection{Structure Preserving Properties} \subsection{Scalability} \end{document} \section{Introduction} The sparsity of a network representation i...
1,108,101,563,827
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks is now rolling out globally and the newly deployed 5G infrastructure is expected to provide commercial services in 2020. Driven by the relentless growth of wireless data traffic over the past three decades, modern wireless communication systems (from 2...
1,108,101,563,828
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Information Retrieval (IR) systems have been revolutionized by neural ranking methods. A few years ago, a state-of-the-art ranking stack would have employed a first stage, sparse retriever, such as BM25, which relies on exact term matches to retrieve an initial pool of items for re-ranking by lat...
1,108,101,563,829
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} The interplanetary medium that surrounds exoplanets is filled by stellar wind particles and the embedded stellar magnetic field. Due to detection biases, the large majority of exoplanets found so far are orbiting cool stars at the main-sequence phase. Although the winds of these stars have proven...
1,108,101,563,830
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Mobile robotic systems that move autonomously in complex environments are becoming more prevalent. However, the perceptual input available to a mobile robot, for example from computer vision, is uncertain. Therefore it is {\em not possible to certify that a path is collision-free}. When such rob...
1,108,101,563,831
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Small-world networks~\cite{Watts+Strogatz} are now an important class of complex network and have been used for many purposes ranging from social network models~\cite{Klemm-SocialNetworks} to quantum gravity~\cite{WanOnSmallWorldLQG}. Complex networks have many unusual p...
1,108,101,563,832
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The isolation of graphene\cite{nov04} has lead to a wide range of scientific discoveries and technological opportunities.\cite{Geim2007,Geim2009} These include, for instance, a half-integer quantum Hall effect\cite{nov2005,zhang2005} with potential for a drastically improved quantum resistance s...
1,108,101,563,833
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The quantum linear systems (QLS) problem asks for a state that encodes the solution of a linear system $\mat A\vec{x}=\vec{b}$ where $\mat A \in \mathbb R^{n\times n}$ and $\vec{b} \in \mathbb R^n$.\footnote{Without loss of generality, one may assume that $\mat A$ is Hermitian.} In a seminal wor...
1,108,101,563,834
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Systems with finite chemical potential for fermions are a challenging and actual subject. The main reason for this interest is that in many physical systems we have to take into account a fermionic density, such as, in heavy-ion collisions, neutron stars, and condensed matter theories, among oth...
1,108,101,563,835
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The violation of Fermi-liquid behavior in the normal state of the high-$T_c$ superconductors has turned the study of {\em non-Fermi liquid} phenomena into a major theme in condensed matter physics \cite{nfl}. Additional motivation comes from a growing number of experimental realizations of ...
1,108,101,563,836
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Inclusive semileptonic decays of $B$-mesons into charmed final states are benchmark processes at $B$-factories. Because of relatively large rates and clean experimental signatures, these decays can be studied with great precision. On the other hand, theoretical description of semilept...
1,108,101,563,837
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $K$ be a global field and let $L=(L_1,\dots,L_n)$ be an $n$-tuple ($n \geq 1$) of finite separable extensions of $K$. In this paper, we study the so-called \emph{multinorm principle} for $L$, which is said to hold if, for any $c \in K^*$, the affine $K$-variety \begin{equation}\label{eq:Xc} ...
1,108,101,563,838
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} We are grateful to Sven Krippendorf and Fabian Rühle for useful discussions on the applications of machine learning to string theory and for comments on the draft. The work of H.E.\ has been conducted under a Carl Friedrich von Siemens Research Fellowship of the Alexander von Humboldt Found...
1,108,101,563,839
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A classic problem in quantitative finance is Market Making (MM). A Market Maker's task is to provide liquidity to other participants by continuously placing buy and sell orders, whilst remaining profitable. The Market Maker usually has a number of advantages with respect to other traders such as...
1,108,101,563,840
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s_intro} Since hydrogen is the most common element in the universe, and makes up most of its mass, the distribution of this element is intimately connected with the dynamics of matter on scales from the cosmic down to the stellar. Although in its ionized or molecular forms hydrogen is pro...
1,108,101,563,841
arxiv
\section{Test cases} \cite{Plain},\cite{onlydoi},\cite{onlyurl}, \cite{urldoi}, \cite{onlyeccc}, \cite{onlyeprint},\cite{ECCCandConf},\cite{ECCCandConfandDOI}, \cite{eprinteccc} \bibliographystyle{alphaurlpp} \section{Introduction} In the context of proving lower bounds in complexity theory, many of the existing ...
1,108,101,563,842
arxiv
\section{Section Title} \section{Introduction} \setcounter{equation}{0} \label{sec:Intro} As is well known, the decay/resonant amplitude of a resonance cannot exactly coincide with the Breit-Wigner amplitude. One reason is that the Breit-Wigner amplitude yields the ex...
1,108,101,563,843
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec_intro} Modern dense storage devices, e.g., multi-level Flash and magnetic recording (MR) devices, operate at very low frame error rate (FER) values, motivating the need for strong error correction techniques. Because of their capacity approaching performance, low-density parity-check (...
1,108,101,563,844
arxiv
\section{Protection of Parity: Differential Privacy vs. Randomized Response}\label{app:parity} \input{appparity} } \section{Proof of Theorem \lowercase{\ref{thm:closure}}}\label{app:close} \begin{theorem}\emph{(Restatement and proof of Theorem \ref{thm:closure}).} Given a privacy definition $\priv$, its consistent nor...
1,108,101,563,845
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec1} Let $\mathbf{X}_1,\ldots,\mathbf{X}_n$ be independent and identically distrib\-uted (I.I.D.) $p$-variate random vectors generated from the following model: \begin{equation} \label{model} \mathbf{X}_i=\mathbf{W}_i+\bolds{\mu}\qquad \mbox{for } i=1,\ldots ,n, \end{equation} wh...
1,108,101,563,846
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Solitons are ubiquitous in one-dimensional non-linear dynamical systems \cite{ drezin} and have manifested in diverse physical systems \cite{sol, bis, poly_acy}, ranging from polyacetylene \cite{ pkp_poly} to optical fibres \cite{has, GPagr} and Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in cigar shaped B...
1,108,101,563,847
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Accessing, transmitting or storing medical data volumes can be a crucial task because the filesize often gets very large. Therefore downscaled versions of the original signal, e.g. in telemedical applications, can be very useful for tasks like browsing and fast previewing. ...
1,108,101,563,848
arxiv
\section{introduction} As a result of a surge in data storage techniques, many data sets can be viewed as being sampled continuously on their domain of definition. It is therefore natural to think of the data points as being objects and embed them into an appropriate mathematical space that accounts for the particular...
1,108,101,563,849
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Respondent-level data, also known as microdata, have been widely available in public databases and are essential for students, researchers, and corporate analysts to understand a variety of research questions. Such data are typically collected through surveys and censuses, after which the dat...
1,108,101,563,850
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} The determination of the location of an RF transmitter based on measurements from several receivers is a fundamental problem in a number of applications. These measurements include altitude (ALT), time difference of arrival (TDOA), and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) ~\cite{Ho1997}. In...
1,108,101,563,851
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a low cost, noninvasive, radiation free and portable imaging modality with various applications in medical imaging, geophysics, civil engineering and nondestructive testing. In particular, it is an active field of research in medical imaging, ...
1,108,101,563,852
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The measurement of isotopic compositions and delta values generally requires the separation of the element of interest from a complex matrix. For measurements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the presence of a matrix can affect the measurement by changing the instrumental mass bi...
1,108,101,563,853
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Spinning motions of rigid bodies have been studied for centuries and still are drawing interest in recent years, including the motions of Euler's disks \cite{Moffatt2000}, spinning eggs \cite{Moffatt2002}, and rolling rings \cite{Jalali2015}, to mention just a few. Also, ...
1,108,101,563,854
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec1} In \cite{Hamilton}, R. Hamilton established the following gradient and Laplacian estimates for a bounded positive solution to the heat equation on closed manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded below. \begin{theorem}[R. Hamilton \cite{Hamilton}]\label{ham1} Let $(M,g)$ be an $n$-d...
1,108,101,563,855
arxiv
\section{Self-consistent order parameters} The order parameters and the interaction Hamiltonian in Eqs.~(2) and (3) of the main text are defined in the orbital basis. Here, we have paid particular attention to the SOC in the noninteracting Hamiltonian which gives, say, spin up for the first two orbitals ($xz$, $yz$) a...
1,108,101,563,856
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Core-collapse supernovae (CCSN) occur at the end of the life of massive stars ($M \gtrsim 8 - 10 \, \rm{M}_{\odot}$). In these violent events, the core of the star gravitationally collapses and triggers a shock wave, leading to the supernova explosion. Despite many decades of th...
1,108,101,563,857
arxiv
\section{General Form of Boundary Conditions} In \cite{PIERL2016,AP2017,GBC} the set of most general linear and local boundary conditions (GBC) was introduced as \e \left(\begin{array}{cc} \#a_1 & \#b_1\\ \#a_2 & \#b_2\end{array}\right) \.\left(\begin{array}{c} \#E\\ \eta_o\#H\end{array}\right) = \left(\begin{array}{...
1,108,101,563,858
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An important consideration to create a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is the number of filters required at every layer. The Neocognitron implementation for example, keeps an equal number of filters for each layer in the model \cite{fukushima1980neocognitron}. A very common practice has...
1,108,101,563,859
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Section:introduction} \IEEEPARstart{M}{agnetic} resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-radioactive, non-invasive imaging technique that is able to provide multi-contrast images and permit excellent soft-tissue images. It has become an indispensable tool in medical diagnosis. However, the long acq...
1,108,101,563,860
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec: Introduction} Constructing meta-stable de Sitter (dS) vacua in string theory is undoubtedly one of the most challenging problems in contemporary physics that still remains unsolved (see e.g. the arguments in \cite{Danielsson:2018ztv,Obied:2018sgi,vanbeest2021lectures}). In \cite{Baner...
1,108,101,563,861
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION\label{sec:INTRODUCTION}} The Probability Density Function (PDF) approach has proved very useful in studying the behavior of stochastic systems. Familiar examples of its usage occur in the study of Brownian Motion \cite{Chandrasekhar43} and in the kinetic theory of gases \cite{Chapman&Cowling}. In...
1,108,101,563,862
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:introduction}introduction} \subsection{\label{sec:JTWPA}Josephson Travelling Wave Parametric Amplifiers} Josephson junction (JJ) based parametric amplifiers (JPAs) \cite{Yurke_PRA_1989,yamamoto_2008_APL_flux_JPA,mutus_white_aip_2014_couple_JPA} have been used in recent years to provide quantum-lim...
1,108,101,563,863
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Although discovered before the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), the origin of the hard X-Ray Background (XRB) is still not fully understood. At energies below 2 keV, the XRB has now been almost entirely resolved into discrete sources. Most of these are AGN's but other types of sources (e.g...
1,108,101,563,864
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In a recent paper \cite{BorFer} the authors introduced a Markov process on a system of interlacing particles. This model contains many parameters, creating a rich pool of interesting particular examples, and at the same time it has an integrable structure that allows for explicit computa...
1,108,101,563,865
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} A quasitoric manifold is a \(2n\)-dimensional manifold with a well-behaved action of an \(n\)-dimensional torus such that the orbit space is an \(n\)-dimensional simple polytope. Quasitoric manifolds were introduced by Davis and Januszkiewicz \cite{0733.52006} as topological genera...
1,108,101,563,866
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Many decades after their discovery, neutrino oscillations are still among the most interesting and subtle observed phenomena, and one of the few clearly established evidences of Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics~\cite{Giunti:1053706,barger2012physics}. Two complementary approaches have bee...
1,108,101,563,867
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:Introduction} Introduction} In quantum computers basic unit of information is a qubit. Qubits are highly susceptible to noise. Hence to protect the information, we use quantum codes. A very popular class of quantum codes for protecting information are topological quantum codes. In this paper we focu...
1,108,101,563,868
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A general formulation for the discrete logarithm problem is the following: given a group $G$, a generator $g \in G$ and another element $h \in G$, find an integer $z$ such that $g^z = h$. The hardness of this problem, which depends on the choice of $G$, is relevant for public-key cryptography s...
1,108,101,563,869
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Lifetime distributions are commonly utilized in studies aiming to statistically characterize a wide range of stochastic processes in physical and social systems. There are various examples in which lifetime (or waiting time) distributions exhibit exponential decay: arrival of telephone calls or e...
1,108,101,563,870
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theories are interesting from a variety of perspectives; as toy models for understanding theories such as QCD, as potential theories of BSM physics and via the AdS/CFT correspondence because of a possible connection to quantum gravity. Many features of these theor...
1,108,101,563,871
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} Transiting exoplanets currently present one of the best options towards studying the atmospheres of planets outside of the Solar System through observations of wavelength-dependent variations in their apparent radii as they occult their host star. These variations are intrinsicall...
1,108,101,563,872
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The existence of an endohedral fullerene, i.e.\ one or several atoms encapsulated in a fullerene molecule, was originally inferred from an analysis of mass spectra of LaCl$_\text{3}$-impregnated graphite and did lead to the proposal La@C$_\text{60}$ \cite{1}. At present the study of endohedral m...
1,108,101,563,873
arxiv
\section*{Introduction}A linear matrix polynomial is a symmetric matrix whose entries are real linear polynomials in $n$ variables. Such a matrix can be evaluated in any point of $\R^n$, and the set of points where it is positive semidefinite is a closed convex subset of $\R^n.$ If the matrix is diagonal, the resulting...
1,108,101,563,874
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The hypothesis that dark matter (DM) may consist in weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP) is currently being tested by various experiments including direct and indirect DM probes, as well as colliders searches. In this article, we study a minimal setup in which a real scalar DM particle $S...
1,108,101,563,875
arxiv
\section{Brief Overview of T-SVD Framework} \label{sec:2} \subsection{Notations and Preliminaries} In this part we briefly describe the notations used throughout the paper, and the t-SVD structure proposed in \cite{Braman2010,Kilmer2011641,KBN}. A tensor is a multidimensional array of numbers. For example, vectors are...
1,108,101,563,876
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{S:intro} \setcounter{footnote}{0} The extragalactic background light (EBL) is a measure of the integrated radiation produced by stellar nucleosynthesis and gravitational accretion over cosmic history. The EBL must contain the radiation produced during the epoch of reionization (the reio...
1,108,101,563,877
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We follow the analysis of Dimock \cite{Di1}, \cite{Di2} concerning the construction of the quantum Hilbert space of the Bosonic string and of the superstring the purpose being of presenting the facts as elementary as possible and in the same time rigorous. To be able to do that we start with a ...
1,108,101,563,878
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection*{1.1 Spin structure function } The scale dependence of spin-dependent structure functions are in general interpreted by DGLAP \cite{D,G,L,A} equations. A lot of work has gone in understanding the nature of these structure functions over the past decades. Computation of exact \cite{AA...
1,108,101,563,879
arxiv
\section{SOLUTION OVERVIEW} \section{Index-Based Local Exploration Algorithms} \label{sec.algo} In this section, we first introduce a useful core index and the index construction algorithm. Then, we present the index-based intimate-core group search algorithms using local exploration. \subsection{K-Core Index} \...
1,108,101,563,880
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Events with large missing momentum, and in particular those featuring just one visible recoiling object (a jet, a photon, a weak boson, a top quark), are among the most promising final states where to look for signs of new physics at colliders. Their simplicity and model indepe...
1,108,101,563,881
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The unit cotangent bundle $ST^*M$ of a Riemannian manifold $M$ is equipped with a canonical contact structure $\xi_{\operatorname{can}}$, given in local coordinates as the kernel of $\alpha = \sum_i p_i dq_i$. The contact manifold $(ST^*M, \xi_{\operatorname{can}})$ is Stein fillable, with one ...
1,108,101,563,882
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Robot personalization to specific user-preferences will become increasingly important, as robots find their way into our everyday life. Harmonic human-robot interactions build trust and satisfaction with the user \cite{gasteiger_factors_2021}, whereas negative interaction exp...
1,108,101,563,883
arxiv
\section{A Constant-Factor Approximation for Graphic Matroids} \label{sec:graphic} Given a Bernoulli instance from the matroid polytope, we show how to utilize it to obtain a constant-factor non-adaptive algorithm for graphic matroids. A graphic matroid is defined by an undirected graph $G$ with vertices $V$ and edg...
1,108,101,563,884
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction} Among the main aim of heavy-ion collision program at present collider experiments such as Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is to mimic the state that was created few microseconds after the Big Bang. This state of matter, created at ex...
1,108,101,563,885
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Phosphine gas is not very pleasant. Pure phosphine is odourless, but technical grade samples smell like rotting fish, toxic and spontaneously flammable, with the chemical formula of $\rm{PH_3}$. On 14th September 2020, the Royal Astronomical Society made an official statement coupled with a w...
1,108,101,563,886
arxiv
\section{\footnotesize{{\bf{Introduction}}}} \hspace*{5mm} In \cite{S-K}, we have introduced and characterized for $\alpha>0$ and $1\leq p,q\leq\infty$ the generalized Dunkl-Lipschitz spaces $\wedge^k_{\alpha,p,q} (\R)$ associated with the Dunkl operator with parameter $k\geq0$ $${\cal D}_kf(x)=f'(x)+k\dfrac{f(x)-f(...
1,108,101,563,887
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} The radial velocity (RV) technique remains one of the most successful methods for the discovery of exoplanetary systems. At the present time, more than 500 exoplanets have been discovered using the RV technique, including a vast range of multi-planet systems and orbita...
1,108,101,563,888
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Everyone can focus their attention on an image, a sound, or a thought. But what is attention and how does it really work? Besides James's definition, other standard definitions of attention include: ``{\it the ability to focus selectively on a selected stimulus, sustaining that...
1,108,101,563,889
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect:introduction} Stochastic models are often used to model and analyse the performance of computer (and many other) systems. A particularly rich and popular class of models is given by stochastic population models. These have been used, for instance, to model biological systems \cite{wi...
1,108,101,563,890
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The average smartphone has more than 25 apps installed~\cite{nielsonmanyapps}, each having varying access to the device depending on the permissions that have been granted to them. These permissions are shared by third-party libraries (henceforth called \textit{libraries}, for brevity), which a...
1,108,101,563,891
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Understanding the ecological implications of infectious disease is one of a few long-lasting problems that still remains challenging due to their inherent complexities$^{\cite{anderson:1991,dickmann:2002}}$. Pathogen-mediated invasion is one of such ecologically important processes, where one i...
1,108,101,563,892
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The evolution of Internet-based technologies in recent days has led to challenges in terms of traffic congestion and lack of resources and secrecy that current wireless networks have failed to support. Therefore, optical wireless communication (OWC) has attracted massive interest from scientifi...
1,108,101,563,893
arxiv
\section{Introduction% \label{introduction}% } When summarizing a large text, only a subset of the available topics and stories can be taken into account. The decision which topics to cover is largely editorial. This paper introduces a tool that assists this editorial process using word vector representations and ...
1,108,101,563,894
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have revolutionized medical image analysis~\cite{bekkers2018roto, ching2018opportunities, topol2019high, prevedello2019challenges, lutnick2019integrated, karimi2020deep, gaonkar2021eigenrank}. These networks achieve impressive results, but their outputs are...
1,108,101,563,895
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum computation is a fascinating subject which manifests the peculiarities of quantum mechanics and uses them in order to achieve an advantage in terms of computational power over classical computers. Shor's algorithm\cite{shor1} is the most astonishing known example for such an advantage in ...
1,108,101,563,896
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The stability of Dark Matter (DM) on cosmological time scales strongly suggests the existence of new accidental symmetries in Nature. In a minimalistic approach where DM is a representation of the Standard Model (SM) gauge group, the possibilities that DM is accidentally stable are very limited...
1,108,101,563,897
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The availability of accurate 3D building models has become highly demanded in various applications like the modeling of global urbanization process, urban planning, disaster monitoring, \etc. As traditional methods performed by human operators for 3D building modeling are expensive, time-consumin...
1,108,101,563,898
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} $N=1$ supergravity~\cite{sugra} is not only regarded as an effective field theory of superstring below the Planck scale, but also provides a natural framework for the origin of the soft supersymmetry (SUSY)-breaking terms. Most of the supergravity models, however, contain a lig...
1,108,101,563,899
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction} Observations of GW events by the advanced LIGO and VIRGO GW interferometers are ushering in the era of GW astronomy \cite{aLigo,aVirgo}. These GW events include merging black hole (BH) binaries and an inspiraling neutron star (NS) binary \cite{GW150914,GW151226,GW170104,GW...
1,108,101,563,900
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Our knowledge of the formation and evolution of low-mass stars has made significant progress over the past two decades (see, e.g., Reipurth et al. 2007 for several reviews). It is widely accepted that low-mass stars form from the gravitational collapse of dense molecular cores (e.g., Shu et a...
1,108,101,563,901
arxiv
\section{Introduction} When making a comparison between coupling constants related to different types of interaction, one finds $G_{grav}/G_{Fermi} \sim 10^{-34}$ so that $G_{grav} << G_{Fermi}$. In terms of the corresponding enegy scales this means that the Planck scale $\Lambda_{Planck } \sim 10^{16}$ TeV, at which...
1,108,101,563,902
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Unconventional superconductivity in strongly correlated electron systems is attracting renewed interest because it may be a platform of topological superconductivity accompanied by Majorana surface/edge/vortex/end states~\cite{Qi-Zhang,Tanaka_review,Sato-Fujimoto_review}. Although prev...
1,108,101,563,903
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this note we consider a frequency localized Bernstein-type inequality which has useful applications in fluid dynamics. Let $\alpha>0$ and consider the fractional Laplacian operator $|\nabla|^\alpha$ defined via Fourier transform by the relation \begin{align*} \widehat{|\nabla|^\alpha f }(\xi)=...
1,108,101,563,904
arxiv
\section{Introduction} {\bf{Flat rotational curves for spiral galaxies cannot be explained by Newtonian or Einstein's gravity since neither the former or the latter theories of gravity are satisfied and therefore such deviations from these 2 established theories constitutes the existence of Dark Matter. (DM). In our...
1,108,101,563,905
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The importance of quantum teleportation \cite{Ben93} is widely recognized today. Not only does it enable the remote transmission of the state describing a quantum system to another one, without ever knowing the state, but it also allows the construction of a new way to perform quantum computatio...
1,108,101,563,906
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Provable entanglement has been shown to be a necessary precondition for secure quantum key-distribution (QKD) in the context of any protocol \cite{CLL,AG}. Recently \cite{NA}, we investigated the maximal average disturbance (error rate) up to which the two legitimate users (Alice and Bob) of...
1,108,101,563,907
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has achieved great successes on machine translation tasks recently \cite{bahdanau+:2014,sutskever+:2015}. Generally, it relies on a recurrent neural network under the Encode-Decode framework: it firstly encodes a source sentence into context vectors...
1,108,101,563,908
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Research on quantum measurement theory has a long history and a rough architecture of it has already been built \cite{Braginsky1992,Wiseman2009,Jacobs2014,Arthurs1965,Busch1985,Stenholm1992,Jordan2005}. Promoted by the advancement of quantum experimental technology \cite{Blais2004,Campagne-Ibarcq...
1,108,101,563,909
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Navigation systems, like Google Maps, became rapidly popular by providing expert knowledge and real-time personalized contextual information to guide travel. Personal lifestyle guidance in such a manner does not exist in health care systems. In order to shift the focus in health systems from temp...
1,108,101,563,910
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} This paper has two parts. Firstly, we characterize some equivalent statements of aperiodicity of an element on locally compact group. Secondly, we use those equivalent statements of aperiodicity to give the existence of hypercyclic weighted translations. For some cases w...
1,108,101,563,911
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{S:intro} Consider a stationary sequence of random variables $(X_n)_{n\geq 1}$ and its accompanying sequence of partial sums $S_n=X_1+\cdots +X_n,\ {n\geq 1}$. The main goal of this paper is to investigate the asymptotic distributional behavior of the $D[0,1]$ valued process $$V_{n}(t) = ...
1,108,101,563,912
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec_intro} The new era in planetary science has started in 1990s, after the discovery of the first exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star \citep{MayorQueloz95}. This discovery was followed by similar ones in a continuously accelerating regime, and by now the number of known exoplanets can...
1,108,101,563,913
arxiv
\section{ATLAS detector} \label{sec:detector} The ATLAS experiment~\cite{DetectorPaper:2008} at the LHC is a multi-purpose particle detector with a cylindrical forward-backward and $\phi$-symmetric geometry and an approximate $4\pi$ coverage in solid angle. It consists of an inner tracking detector surrounded by a ...
1,108,101,563,914
arxiv
\section{Setting} \label{setting} In this section, we present some basic notation and the field theory setting we work in. To wit, we would like to perturbatively calculate Wightman functions of hermitian scalar quantum fields on a globally hyberbolic smooth Lorentzian manifold ($M$, $g$) in $\phi^p$-theory. That is, o...