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1,108,101,563,815 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}}
Spike trains recorded from nerve cells vary in their degree of
regularity. Some emit regular tonic pulses like Purkinje cells, other
show very irregular spike trains, such as ``stuttering cells'' or
``irregular spiking cells'' ~{[}1--5{]}. The ubiquitous irregularity of
acti... |
1,108,101,563,816 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
Far-infrared spectroscopy and transport measurements were from early on
used to investigate the electronic structure\cite{Reimann02:1283} of quantum dots of various
types. Far-infrared spectroscopy of arrays of quantum
dots\cite{Demel90:788a,Shikin91:11903a} turned out to be rather
insensitive ... |
1,108,101,563,817 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The first gravitational wave (GW) detection of a binary neutron star (NS) merger, GW$\,$170817 \citep{Abbott+17-GW170817-Ligo-Detection},
was accompanied by the first electromagnetic counterpart to any GW detection -- the weak, short duration gamma-ray burst,
GRB$\,$170817A \citep{Abbott+... |
1,108,101,563,818 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:intro}}
Being able to describe the data collected from the observations of various physical phenomena with simple analytical equations and formulas is the holy grail in theoretical physics --- the physicists who are lucky enough to find such relationships typically get those laws named ... |
1,108,101,563,819 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
In this paper, we are interested in second-order optimality conditions for the following constrained vector optimization problem
\begin{align*}
& \text{min}\, f(x)\label{problem} \tag{VP}
\\
&\text{subject to}\ \ x\in Q_0:=\{x\in X\,:\, g(x)\leqq 0\},
\end{align*}
where $f:=(f_i)$,... |
1,108,101,563,820 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\end{document}
\section{Approach}
\label{approach}
The former sections show that the role of the KG encoder on CSKGs is to mainly complement PTMs in the task of commonsense reasoning.
Instead of node features, relations features are the key to the KG encoder ... |
1,108,101,563,821 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are the most commonly observed astrophysical sources in high energy. They emit bright non-thermal radiation across a wide range of energies and wavelengths (from radio to very high energy $\gamma$-ray) through the relativistic jets assumed to be produced by... |
1,108,101,563,822 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Modern versions
\cite{cavities}
of the classic
Michelson-Morley
\cite{mm}
and Kennedy-Thorndike
\cite{kt}
experiments are among the most
sensitive tests of Lorentz invariance,
the symmetry behind special relativity.
Typically
these experiments search for minute
changes in the resonant frequenci... |
1,108,101,563,823 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The motif, defined as a small connected subgraph that recurs in a
graph, is the basic building block, or functional unit, of complex
networks \cite{motif_block}. In real-world networks (e.g., gene
regulatory networks), motifs represent the elementary interaction
patterns between small groups... |
1,108,101,563,824 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There has been considerable recent interest in inverse scattering problems for nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs)~\cite{assylbekov_1,assylbekov_2,carstea,imanuvilov,isakov_1,isakov_2,isakov_3,isakov_4,kang,kurylev,lassas}. There
are numerous applications in various applied fields ra... |
1,108,101,563,825 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sintro}
{\em Spectral graph theory} has traditionally been the study of the relation between properties of (undirected) graphs and the spectrum of the adjacency matrix, Laplacian matrix, or signless Laplacian of the graph \cite{BH}. The distance matrix of a graph was introduced in the stu... |
1,108,101,563,826 | arxiv | \section*{Appendix}
\subsection{Streaming}
You don't even need a graph. You don't even need a row. You only need a \emph{sample} from a row's distribution!
\subsection{Structure Preserving Properties}
\subsection{Scalability}
\end{document}
\section{Introduction}
The sparsity of a network representation i... |
1,108,101,563,827 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks is now rolling out globally and the newly deployed 5G infrastructure is expected to provide commercial services in 2020. Driven by the relentless growth of wireless data traffic over the past three decades, modern wireless communication systems (from 2... |
1,108,101,563,828 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Information Retrieval (IR) systems have been revolutionized by neural ranking methods. A few years ago, a state-of-the-art ranking stack would have employed a first stage, sparse retriever, such as BM25, which relies on exact term matches to retrieve an initial pool of items for re-ranking by lat... |
1,108,101,563,829 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The interplanetary medium that surrounds exoplanets is filled by stellar wind particles and the embedded stellar magnetic field. Due to detection biases, the large majority of exoplanets found so far are orbiting cool stars at the main-sequence phase. Although the winds of these stars have proven... |
1,108,101,563,830 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Mobile robotic systems that move autonomously in complex environments are becoming more prevalent. However, the perceptual input available to a mobile robot, for example from computer vision, is uncertain. Therefore it is {\em not possible to certify that a path is collision-free}. When such rob... |
1,108,101,563,831 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Small-world networks~\cite{Watts+Strogatz} are now an important class of complex network and have been used for many
purposes ranging from social network models~\cite{Klemm-SocialNetworks} to quantum gravity~\cite{WanOnSmallWorldLQG}.
Complex networks have many unusual p... |
1,108,101,563,832 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The isolation of graphene\cite{nov04} has lead to a wide range of
scientific discoveries and technological
opportunities.\cite{Geim2007,Geim2009} These include, for instance, a
half-integer quantum Hall effect\cite{nov2005,zhang2005} with
potential for a drastically improved quantum resistance
s... |
1,108,101,563,833 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The quantum linear systems (QLS) problem asks for a state that encodes the solution of a linear system $\mat A\vec{x}=\vec{b}$ where $\mat A \in \mathbb R^{n\times n}$ and $\vec{b} \in \mathbb R^n$.\footnote{Without loss of generality, one may assume that $\mat A$ is Hermitian.}
In a seminal wor... |
1,108,101,563,834 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Systems with finite chemical potential for fermions are a challenging and actual subject. The main reason for this interest is that in many physical systems we have to take into account a fermionic density, such as, in heavy-ion collisions, neutron stars, and condensed matter theories, among oth... |
1,108,101,563,835 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The violation of Fermi-liquid behavior in the normal state of the
high-$T_c$ superconductors has turned the study of
{\em non-Fermi liquid} phenomena into a major theme in condensed matter
physics \cite{nfl}. Additional motivation
comes from a growing number of experimental realizations of ... |
1,108,101,563,836 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Inclusive semileptonic decays of $B$-mesons into charmed final states
are benchmark processes at $B$-factories.
Because of relatively large rates and
clean experimental signatures, these decays can be studied
with great precision. On the other hand, theoretical
description of semilept... |
1,108,101,563,837 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $K$ be a global field and let $L=(L_1,\dots,L_n)$ be an $n$-tuple ($n \geq 1$) of finite separable extensions of $K$. In this paper, we study the so-called \emph{multinorm principle} for $L$, which is said to hold if, for any $c \in K^*$, the affine $K$-variety
\begin{equation}\label{eq:Xc}
... |
1,108,101,563,838 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
We are grateful to Sven Krippendorf and Fabian Rühle for useful discussions on the applications of machine learning to string theory and for comments on the draft.
The work of H.E.\ has been conducted under a Carl Friedrich von Siemens Research Fellowship of the Alexander von Humboldt Found... |
1,108,101,563,839 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A classic problem in quantitative finance is Market Making (MM). A Market Maker's task is to provide liquidity to other participants by continuously placing buy and sell orders, whilst remaining profitable. The Market Maker usually has a number of advantages with respect to other traders such as... |
1,108,101,563,840 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{s_intro}
Since hydrogen is the most common element in the universe, and makes up most of its mass, the distribution of this element is intimately connected with the dynamics of matter on scales from the cosmic down to the stellar. Although in its ionized or molecular forms hydrogen is pro... |
1,108,101,563,841 | arxiv |
\section{Test cases}
\cite{Plain},\cite{onlydoi},\cite{onlyurl}, \cite{urldoi}, \cite{onlyeccc}, \cite{onlyeprint},\cite{ECCCandConf},\cite{ECCCandConfandDOI}, \cite{eprinteccc}
\bibliographystyle{alphaurlpp}
\section{Introduction}
In the context of proving lower bounds in complexity theory, many of the existing ... |
1,108,101,563,842 | arxiv | \section{Section Title}
\section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\label{sec:Intro}
As is well known, the decay/resonant amplitude of a resonance cannot
exactly coincide with the Breit-Wigner amplitude. One reason is that the
Breit-Wigner
amplitude yields the ex... |
1,108,101,563,843 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec_intro}
Modern dense storage devices, e.g., multi-level Flash and magnetic recording (MR) devices, operate at very low frame error rate (FER) values, motivating the need for strong error correction techniques. Because of their capacity approaching performance, low-density parity-check (... |
1,108,101,563,844 | arxiv | \section{Protection of Parity: Differential Privacy vs. Randomized Response}\label{app:parity}
\input{appparity}
}
\section{Proof of Theorem \lowercase{\ref{thm:closure}}}\label{app:close}
\begin{theorem}\emph{(Restatement and proof of Theorem \ref{thm:closure}).}
Given a privacy definition $\priv$, its consistent nor... |
1,108,101,563,845 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
Let $\mathbf{X}_1,\ldots,\mathbf{X}_n$ be independent and identically
distrib\-uted (I.I.D.) $p$-variate
random vectors generated from the following model:
\begin{equation}
\label{model} \mathbf{X}_i=\mathbf{W}_i+\bolds{\mu}\qquad
\mbox{for } i=1,\ldots ,n,
\end{equation}
wh... |
1,108,101,563,846 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Solitons are ubiquitous in one-dimensional non-linear dynamical systems \cite{ drezin} and have manifested in diverse physical systems \cite{sol, bis, poly_acy}, ranging from polyacetylene \cite{ pkp_poly} to optical fibres \cite{has, GPagr} and Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in cigar shaped B... |
1,108,101,563,847 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Accessing, transmitting or storing medical data volumes can be a crucial task because the filesize often gets very large. Therefore downscaled versions of the original signal, e.g. in telemedical applications, can be very useful for tasks like browsing and fast previewing.
... |
1,108,101,563,848 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
As a result of a surge in data storage techniques, many data sets can be viewed as being sampled continuously on their domain of definition. It is therefore natural to think of the data points as being objects and embed them into an appropriate mathematical space that accounts for the particular... |
1,108,101,563,849 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Respondent-level data, also known as microdata, have been widely available in public databases and are essential for students, researchers, and corporate analysts to understand a variety of research questions. Such data are typically collected through surveys and censuses, after which the dat... |
1,108,101,563,850 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The determination of the location of an RF transmitter based on measurements from several receivers is a fundamental problem in
a number of applications. These measurements include altitude (ALT), time difference of arrival (TDOA), and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) ~\cite{Ho1997}. In... |
1,108,101,563,851 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a low cost, noninvasive, radiation free and portable
imaging modality with various applications in medical imaging, geophysics, civil engineering and nondestructive testing.
In particular, it is an active field of research in medical imaging, ... |
1,108,101,563,852 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The measurement of isotopic compositions and delta values generally requires the separation of the element of interest from a complex matrix. For measurements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the presence of a matrix can affect the measurement by changing the instrumental mass bi... |
1,108,101,563,853 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Spinning motions of rigid bodies have been studied for centuries and
still are drawing interest in recent years, including the motions of
Euler's disks \cite{Moffatt2000}, spinning eggs \cite{Moffatt2002}, and
rolling rings \cite{Jalali2015}, to mention just a few. Also,
... |
1,108,101,563,854 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
In \cite{Hamilton}, R. Hamilton established the following gradient and
Laplacian estimates for a bounded positive solution to the heat equation
on closed manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded below.
\begin{theorem}[R. Hamilton \cite{Hamilton}]\label{ham1}
Let $(M,g)$ be an $n$-d... |
1,108,101,563,855 | arxiv | \section{Self-consistent order parameters}
The order parameters and the interaction Hamiltonian in Eqs.~(2) and (3) of the main text are defined in the orbital basis. Here, we have paid particular attention to the SOC in the noninteracting Hamiltonian which gives, say, spin up for the first two orbitals ($xz$, $yz$) a... |
1,108,101,563,856 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSN) occur at the end of the life of massive stars ($M \gtrsim 8 - 10 \, \rm{M}_{\odot}$). In these violent events, the core of the star gravitationally collapses and triggers a shock wave, leading to the supernova explosion. Despite many decades of th... |
1,108,101,563,857 | arxiv | \section{General Form of Boundary Conditions}
In \cite{PIERL2016,AP2017,GBC} the set of most general linear and local boundary conditions (GBC) was introduced as
\e \left(\begin{array}{cc} \#a_1 & \#b_1\\ \#a_2 & \#b_2\end{array}\right) \.\left(\begin{array}{c} \#E\\ \eta_o\#H\end{array}\right) = \left(\begin{array}{... |
1,108,101,563,858 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An important consideration to create a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is the number of filters required at every layer. The Neocognitron implementation for example, keeps an equal number of filters for each layer in the model \cite{fukushima1980neocognitron}. A very common practice has... |
1,108,101,563,859 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Section:introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{M}{agnetic} resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-radioactive, non-invasive imaging technique that is able to provide multi-contrast images and permit excellent soft-tissue images. It has become an indispensable tool in medical diagnosis. However, the long acq... |
1,108,101,563,860 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec: Introduction}
Constructing meta-stable de Sitter (dS) vacua in string theory is undoubtedly one of the most challenging problems in contemporary physics that still remains unsolved (see e.g. the arguments in \cite{Danielsson:2018ztv,Obied:2018sgi,vanbeest2021lectures}). In \cite{Baner... |
1,108,101,563,861 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION\label{sec:INTRODUCTION}}
The Probability Density Function (PDF) approach has proved very useful
in studying the behavior of stochastic systems. Familiar examples
of its usage occur in the study of Brownian Motion \cite{Chandrasekhar43}
and in the kinetic theory of gases \cite{Chapman&Cowling}. In... |
1,108,101,563,862 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:introduction}introduction}
\subsection{\label{sec:JTWPA}Josephson Travelling Wave Parametric Amplifiers}
Josephson junction (JJ) based parametric amplifiers (JPAs) \cite{Yurke_PRA_1989,yamamoto_2008_APL_flux_JPA,mutus_white_aip_2014_couple_JPA} have been used in recent years to provide quantum-lim... |
1,108,101,563,863 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Although discovered before the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB),
the origin of the hard X-Ray Background (XRB) is still not fully
understood.
At energies below 2 keV, the XRB has now been almost entirely
resolved into discrete sources. Most of these are AGN's but other
types of sources (e.g... |
1,108,101,563,864 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
In a recent paper \cite{BorFer} the authors introduced a Markov process on a system of interlacing particles. This model contains many parameters, creating a rich pool of interesting particular examples, and at the same time it has an integrable structure that allows for explicit computa... |
1,108,101,563,865 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
A quasitoric manifold is a \(2n\)-dimensional manifold with a well-behaved action of an \(n\)-dimensional torus such that the orbit space is an \(n\)-dimensional simple polytope.
Quasitoric manifolds were introduced by Davis and Januszkiewicz \cite{0733.52006} as topological genera... |
1,108,101,563,866 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many decades after their discovery, neutrino oscillations are still among the most interesting and subtle observed phenomena, and one of the few clearly established evidences of Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics~\cite{Giunti:1053706,barger2012physics}. Two complementary approaches have bee... |
1,108,101,563,867 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:Introduction} Introduction}
In quantum computers basic unit of information is a qubit. Qubits are highly susceptible to noise. Hence to protect the information, we use quantum codes.
A very popular class of quantum codes for protecting information are topological quantum codes. In this paper we focu... |
1,108,101,563,868 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A general formulation for the discrete logarithm problem is the following: given a group $G$, a generator $g \in G$ and another element $h \in G$, find an integer $z$ such that
$g^z = h$. The hardness of this problem, which depends on the choice of $G$, is relevant for public-key cryptography s... |
1,108,101,563,869 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Lifetime distributions are commonly utilized in studies aiming to statistically characterize a wide range of stochastic processes in physical and social systems.
There are various examples in which lifetime (or waiting time) distributions exhibit exponential decay: arrival of telephone calls or e... |
1,108,101,563,870 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theories are interesting from a variety of perspectives; as toy models for understanding theories such as QCD, as potential theories of BSM physics and via the AdS/CFT correspondence because of a possible connection to quantum gravity. Many features of these theor... |
1,108,101,563,871 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Transiting exoplanets currently present one of the best options towards studying the atmospheres of planets outside of the Solar System through observations of wavelength-dependent variations in their apparent radii as they occult their host star. These variations are intrinsicall... |
1,108,101,563,872 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The existence of an endohedral fullerene, i.e.\ one or several atoms encapsulated in a fullerene molecule, was originally
inferred from an analysis of mass spectra of LaCl$_\text{3}$-impregnated graphite and did lead to the proposal
La@C$_\text{60}$ \cite{1}. At present the study of endohedral m... |
1,108,101,563,873 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}A linear matrix polynomial is a symmetric matrix whose entries are real linear
polynomials in $n$ variables. Such a matrix can be evaluated in
any point of $\R^n$, and the set of points where it is positive
semidefinite is a closed convex subset of $\R^n.$ If the matrix is
diagonal, the resulting... |
1,108,101,563,874 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The hypothesis that dark matter (DM) may consist in weakly interacting massive
particles (WIMP) is currently being tested by various experiments including
direct and indirect DM probes, as well as colliders searches. In this
article,
we study a minimal setup in which a real scalar DM particle $S... |
1,108,101,563,875 | arxiv | \section{Brief Overview of T-SVD Framework}
\label{sec:2}
\subsection{Notations and Preliminaries}
In this part we briefly describe the notations used throughout the paper, and the t-SVD structure proposed in \cite{Braman2010,Kilmer2011641,KBN}.
A tensor is a multidimensional array of numbers. For example, vectors are... |
1,108,101,563,876 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{S:intro}
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
The extragalactic background light (EBL) is a measure of the
integrated radiation produced by stellar nucleosynthesis and
gravitational accretion over cosmic history. The EBL must contain
the radiation produced during the epoch of reionization (the
reio... |
1,108,101,563,877 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We follow the analysis of Dimock \cite{Di1}, \cite{Di2} concerning the construction of the quantum Hilbert space of the Bosonic string and of the superstring the purpose being of presenting the facts as elementary as possible and in the same time rigorous.
To be able to do that we start with a ... |
1,108,101,563,878 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection*{1.1 Spin structure function }
The scale dependence of spin-dependent structure functions are in general interpreted by DGLAP \cite{D,G,L,A} equations. A lot of work has gone in understanding the nature of these structure functions over the past decades. Computation of exact \cite{AA... |
1,108,101,563,879 | arxiv |
\section{SOLUTION OVERVIEW}
\section{Index-Based Local Exploration Algorithms} \label{sec.algo}
In this section, we first introduce a useful core index and the index construction algorithm. Then, we present the index-based intimate-core group search algorithms using local exploration.
\subsection{K-Core Index}
\... |
1,108,101,563,880 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Events with large missing momentum, and in particular those featuring
just one visible recoiling object (a jet, a photon, a weak boson, a top quark), are among
the most promising final states where to look for signs of new physics at colliders.
Their simplicity and model indepe... |
1,108,101,563,881 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The unit cotangent bundle $ST^*M$ of a Riemannian manifold $M$ is equipped with a canonical contact structure $\xi_{\operatorname{can}}$, given in local coordinates as the kernel of $\alpha = \sum_i p_i dq_i$. The contact manifold $(ST^*M, \xi_{\operatorname{can}})$ is Stein fillable, with one ... |
1,108,101,563,882 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Robot personalization to specific user-preferences will become increasingly important, as robots find their way into our everyday life. Harmonic human-robot interactions build trust and satisfaction with the user \cite{gasteiger_factors_2021}, whereas negative interaction exp... |
1,108,101,563,883 | arxiv |
\section{A Constant-Factor Approximation for Graphic Matroids}
\label{sec:graphic}
Given a Bernoulli instance from the matroid polytope, we show how to utilize it to obtain a constant-factor
non-adaptive algorithm for graphic matroids.
A graphic matroid is defined by an undirected graph $G$ with vertices $V$ and
edg... |
1,108,101,563,884 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction}
Among the main aim of heavy-ion collision program at present collider experiments such as Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is to mimic the state that was created few microseconds after the Big Bang. This state of matter, created at ex... |
1,108,101,563,885 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Phosphine gas is not very pleasant. Pure phosphine is odourless, but technical grade samples smell like rotting fish, toxic and spontaneously flammable, with the chemical formula of $\rm{PH_3}$.
On 14th September 2020, the Royal Astronomical Society made an official statement coupled with a w... |
1,108,101,563,886 | arxiv | \section{\footnotesize{{\bf{Introduction}}}}
\hspace*{5mm} In \cite{S-K}, we have introduced and characterized for $\alpha>0$ and $1\leq p,q\leq\infty$ the generalized Dunkl-Lipschitz spaces $\wedge^k_{\alpha,p,q}
(\R)$ associated with the Dunkl operator with parameter $k\geq0$
$${\cal D}_kf(x)=f'(x)+k\dfrac{f(x)-f(... |
1,108,101,563,887 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
The radial velocity (RV) technique remains one of the most successful
methods for the discovery of exoplanetary systems. At the present
time, more than 500 exoplanets have been discovered using the RV
technique, including a vast range of multi-planet systems and orbita... |
1,108,101,563,888 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Everyone can focus their attention on an image, a sound, or a thought. But what is attention and how does it really work?
Besides James's definition, other standard definitions of attention include: ``{\it the ability to focus selectively on a selected stimulus, sustaining that... |
1,108,101,563,889 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:introduction}
Stochastic models are often used to model and analyse the performance
of computer (and many other) systems. A particularly rich and popular
class of models is given by stochastic population models. These have
been used, for instance, to model biological systems
\cite{wi... |
1,108,101,563,890 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The average smartphone has more than 25 apps installed~\cite{nielsonmanyapps}, each having varying access to the device depending on the permissions that have been granted to them. These permissions are shared by third-party libraries (henceforth called \textit{libraries}, for brevity), which a... |
1,108,101,563,891 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Understanding the ecological implications of infectious disease is one of
a few long-lasting problems that still remains challenging due to their
inherent complexities$^{\cite{anderson:1991,dickmann:2002}}$.
Pathogen-mediated invasion is one of such ecologically important
processes, where one i... |
1,108,101,563,892 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The evolution of Internet-based technologies in recent days has led to challenges in terms of traffic congestion and lack of resources and secrecy that current wireless networks have failed to support.
Therefore, optical wireless communication (OWC) has attracted massive interest from scientifi... |
1,108,101,563,893 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction%
\label{introduction}%
}
When summarizing a large text, only a subset of the available topics and stories can be taken into account. The decision which topics to cover is largely editorial. This paper introduces a tool that assists this editorial process using word vector representations and ... |
1,108,101,563,894 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have revolutionized medical image analysis~\cite{bekkers2018roto, ching2018opportunities, topol2019high, prevedello2019challenges, lutnick2019integrated, karimi2020deep, gaonkar2021eigenrank}. These networks achieve impressive results, but their outputs are... |
1,108,101,563,895 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum computation is a fascinating subject which manifests the
peculiarities of quantum mechanics and uses them in order to
achieve an advantage in terms of computational power over
classical computers. Shor's algorithm\cite{shor1} is the
most astonishing known example for such an advantage in ... |
1,108,101,563,896 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The stability of Dark Matter (DM) on cosmological time scales strongly suggests the existence of new accidental symmetries in Nature.
In a minimalistic approach where DM is a representation of the Standard Model (SM) gauge group, the possibilities that DM is accidentally stable are very limited... |
1,108,101,563,897 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The availability of accurate 3D building models has become highly demanded in various applications like the modeling of global urbanization process, urban planning, disaster monitoring, \etc. As traditional methods performed by human operators for 3D building modeling are expensive, time-consumin... |
1,108,101,563,898 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
$N=1$ supergravity~\cite{sugra} is not only regarded as an effective
field theory of superstring below the Planck scale, but also provides
a natural framework for the origin of the soft supersymmetry
(SUSY)-breaking terms. Most of the supergravity models, however,
contain a lig... |
1,108,101,563,899 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction}
Observations of GW events by the advanced LIGO and VIRGO GW interferometers
are ushering in the era of GW astronomy \cite{aLigo,aVirgo}.
These GW events include merging black hole (BH) binaries and an inspiraling neutron star (NS) binary \cite{GW150914,GW151226,GW170104,GW... |
1,108,101,563,900 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Our knowledge of the formation and evolution of low-mass stars has made significant progress
over the past two decades (see, e.g., Reipurth et al. 2007 for several reviews). It is widely accepted
that low-mass stars form from the gravitational collapse of dense molecular cores (e.g., Shu et
a... |
1,108,101,563,901 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
When making a comparison between coupling constants related to different types of interaction, one finds $G_{grav}/G_{Fermi} \sim 10^{-34}$ so that $G_{grav} << G_{Fermi}$. In terms of the corresponding enegy scales this means that the
Planck scale $\Lambda_{Planck } \sim 10^{16}$ TeV, at which... |
1,108,101,563,902 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Unconventional superconductivity in strongly correlated electron systems is attracting renewed interest
because it may be a platform of topological superconductivity accompanied by Majorana surface/edge/vortex/end
states~\cite{Qi-Zhang,Tanaka_review,Sato-Fujimoto_review}.
Although prev... |
1,108,101,563,903 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this note we consider a frequency localized Bernstein-type inequality which
has useful applications in fluid dynamics. Let $\alpha>0$ and consider the fractional Laplacian operator
$|\nabla|^\alpha$ defined via Fourier transform by the relation
\begin{align*}
\widehat{|\nabla|^\alpha f }(\xi)=... |
1,108,101,563,904 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
{\bf{Flat rotational curves for spiral galaxies cannot be explained by Newtonian or Einstein's gravity since neither the former or the latter theories of gravity are satisfied and therefore such deviations from these 2 established theories constitutes the existence of Dark Matter. (DM). In our... |
1,108,101,563,905 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The importance of quantum teleportation \cite{Ben93} is widely
recognized today. Not only does it enable the remote transmission
of the state describing a quantum system to another one, without
ever knowing the state, but it also allows the construction of a
new way to perform quantum computatio... |
1,108,101,563,906 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Provable entanglement has been shown to be a
necessary precondition for secure quantum key-distribution (QKD)
in the context of any protocol \cite{CLL,AG}.
Recently \cite{NA}, we investigated the maximal average disturbance
(error rate) up to which the two legitimate users (Alice and Bob) of... |
1,108,101,563,907 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has achieved great successes on machine translation
tasks recently \cite{bahdanau+:2014,sutskever+:2015}. Generally, it relies on a recurrent neural network under the
Encode-Decode framework: it firstly encodes a source sentence into context vectors... |
1,108,101,563,908 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Research on quantum measurement theory has a long history and a rough architecture of it has already been built \cite{Braginsky1992,Wiseman2009,Jacobs2014,Arthurs1965,Busch1985,Stenholm1992,Jordan2005}. Promoted by the advancement of quantum experimental technology \cite{Blais2004,Campagne-Ibarcq... |
1,108,101,563,909 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Navigation systems, like Google Maps, became rapidly popular by providing expert knowledge and real-time personalized contextual information to guide travel. Personal lifestyle guidance in such a manner does not exist in health care systems. In order to shift the focus in health systems from temp... |
1,108,101,563,910 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
This paper has two parts. Firstly, we characterize some equivalent statements of aperiodicity of an element on locally compact group. Secondly, we use those equivalent statements of aperiodicity to give the existence of hypercyclic weighted translations. For some cases w... |
1,108,101,563,911 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{S:intro}
Consider a stationary sequence of random
variables $(X_n)_{n\geq 1}$ and its accompanying sequence of partial
sums $S_n=X_1+\cdots +X_n,\ {n\geq 1}$. The main goal of this paper
is to investigate the asymptotic distributional behavior of the
$D[0,1]$ valued process
$$V_{n}(t) = ... |
1,108,101,563,912 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec_intro}
The new era in planetary science has started in 1990s, after the discovery of the first
exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star \citep{MayorQueloz95}. This discovery was followed
by similar ones in a continuously accelerating regime, and by now the number of known
exoplanets can... |
1,108,101,563,913 | arxiv |
\section{ATLAS detector}
\label{sec:detector}
The ATLAS experiment~\cite{DetectorPaper:2008} at the LHC is a multi-purpose particle detector
with a cylindrical forward-backward and $\phi$-symmetric
geometry
and an approximate $4\pi$ coverage in
solid angle.
It consists of an inner tracking detector surrounded by a ... |
1,108,101,563,914 | arxiv | \section{Setting}
\label{setting} In this section, we present some basic notation and the field theory setting we work in. To wit, we would like to perturbatively calculate Wightman
functions of hermitian
scalar quantum fields on a globally hyberbolic smooth Lorentzian manifold ($M$,
$g$) in $\phi^p$-theory. That is, o... |
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