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1,108,101,565,015
arxiv
\section{Introduction} For many problems in science MCMC has become an indispensable tool due to its ability to sample from arbitrary probability distributions known up only to a constant. Comprehensive introductions on MCMC methods can be found in \cite{newman1999monte,liu2008monte,robert2004monte,landau2014guide}. ...
1,108,101,565,016
arxiv
\section{HQET} \pagenumbering{arabic} The heavy quark effective theory (HQET) is a limit of the theory of the strong interactions appropriate for hadrons containing a single heavy quark $Q$. In such hadrons the light degrees of freedom typically have momentum of order $\Lambda_{QCD}$. Interactions of the heavy quar...
1,108,101,565,017
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Statement of results} In this paper we study a function field version of a classical problem concerning square-free values of polynomials evaluated at primes. Given a polynomial $f\in \Z[x]$ with integer coefficients, it is conjectured that there are infinitely many primes $...
1,108,101,565,018
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The thermal emission rate of photons from strongly interacting matter encodes several interesting properties of the radiating medium (see, {\it e.g.}, Refs.~\cite{Alam:1999sc,Peitzmann:2002,Arleo:2004gn,Rapp:2009yu,Gale:2009gc} for reviews). Its spectral slope reflects the temperat...
1,108,101,565,019
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Video understanding is a computer vision problem that has attracted the deep-learning community, notably via the usage of the two-stream convolutional network \cite{Simonyan2014}. Such a framework uses a deep convolutional neural network (dCNN) to extract static RGB (Red-Green-Blue) features as ...
1,108,101,565,020
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgments}\vspace{-3ex} This work is supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellows No.25$\cdot$1107 (YH) and No.27$\cdot$1771 (KK). K.T.'s work is supported in part by the MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas No. 26104704. \\ ...
1,108,101,565,021
arxiv
\section{Introduction} With the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) having started to operate, the high energy community is expanding focus in the study and search of new physics beyond the standard model (SM). Grand unification theories (GUTs) are models of the most promising ones for this new physics \cite{langacker}. Howev...
1,108,101,565,022
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction} Model comparison, selection and averaging lie at the core of Bayesian decision theory \citep{Robert:2007tc} and have attracted considerable attention in the past few decades. In most cases, approaches to the calculation of the required posterior model probabilities have...
1,108,101,565,023
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are believed to be triggered when gas and matter are deposited onto a super-massive black hole in the centre of the host galaxy. For this to happen, the gas needs to lose sufficient angular momentum to be transported deep into the potential well of t...
1,108,101,565,024
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \vspace{2mm} It has now become fairly well established that the Universe is undergoing an accelerated expansion in recent times ($z \le 4$). Observational evidence for this mainly comes from supernovae Ia \cite{sn1a} and Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies \cite{cmb}. Large Scale Structure ...
1,108,101,565,025
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} There is abundant and compelling evidence that the bulk of matter in the universe is made of massive, electrically neutral particles: dark matter (DM)~\cite{Bertone:2010zz}. While the density of DM has been precisely determined, the identity of the DM particle (or particles)...
1,108,101,565,026
arxiv
\section{Nets and their executions}\label{sec: nets and their executions} We start by recalling some basic constructions of category theory and some basic facts about Petri nets and their categorical formalization. The notions of \emph{bicategory, pseudofunctor, lax functor and bimodule} are not strictly necessary ...
1,108,101,565,027
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s:intro} There are many similarities between electromagnetic (E\&M) radiation and gravitational radiation: both travel at the speed of light; both carry energy away from their sources; both consist of transverse waves with two polarizations. In addition, Einstein's general relativity, the ...
1,108,101,565,028
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $A$ be an automorphism of the torus $\mathbb{T}^d=\mathbb{R}^d/\mathbb{Z}^d$. For a $C^\infty$ function $\tau(x): \mathbb{T}^d\longrightarrow\mathbb{R}^s$ with the integer $s\geqslant 1$, it defines an isometric toral extension of $A$, which is a map $\mathcal{T}_{A,\tau}:\mathbb{T}^d\times...
1,108,101,565,029
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Let $T > 0$ be fixed. In this work we are concerned with convergence of characteristics associated with stochastic Euler equations in vorticity form on the two-dimensional torus ${\mathbb{T}^2} \coloneqq \mathbb{R}^2/(2\pi \mathbb{Z}^2)$: \begin{align} \label{eq:euler_intro} d \...
1,108,101,565,030
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In order to extract dynamic response functions (spectral functions) from quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations, the challenging task of numerical analytic continuation of imaginary-time dependent correlation functions to real frequency has to be performed. While significant progress has been m...
1,108,101,565,031
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The non-linear nature of the scalar sectors of the maximal supergravities has been enlarged to formulate the non-gravitational bosonic field equations as non-linear realizations in \cite{julia1,julia2}. The coset formulation of the scalars is improved to cover the other bosonic fields as well. T...
1,108,101,565,032
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum field theories (QFTs) in de Sitter space are of interest for many reasons. Some of these include the increasingly precise measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) \cite{Komatsu:2008hk} which have prompted many to study predictions of the CMB spectrum beyond the Born approxim...
1,108,101,565,033
arxiv
\subsection*{Acknowledgments} The authors thank Marc Abrahams and Nigel Snoad for helpful discussion, and Prof. Per Bak for providing a continual source of inspiration. CRS thanks Prof. David Griffeath and the undergraduate students at Madison for providing financial support, and Prof. Yuri Klimontovich, whose book (\...
1,108,101,565,034
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \setcounter{equation}{0} There is currently much interest in quantum spin systems which exhibit frustration. This has been stimulated in particular by the work on the magnetic properties of the cuprates which become high T$_c$ superconductors when doped. The frustration in these 2D materials ari...
1,108,101,565,035
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Activity recognition is the "automatic recognition of physical activities” from sensor data~\cite{Bulling2014}. The most common application of wearable sensor-based activity recognition is indeed in fitness trackers, but research has also focused on more complex activities such as daily living ac...
1,108,101,565,036
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The purpose of this note is to explain some results on duality for complex and real $K$-theory and their ramifications for the $K(1)$-local Picard group at the prime 2. The results obtained herein are not new to experts, and the major ingredients can be found in the literature. However, to the b...
1,108,101,565,037
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let us consider the classical internal energy of the bosonic membrane, which in a light-cone description in orthonormal gauge can be written as (for more details see e.g. \cite{relmemb}) \begin{align} \mathbb{M}^2&= \int_{\Sigma} \left( \frac{\vec{p}^2}{\rho}+\rho\sum_{i<j}\lbrace x_i, x_j\rbrace...
1,108,101,565,038
arxiv
\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\large\bf}} \def\arabic{section}.{\arabic{section}.} \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}} \long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 0cm\noindent \hbox to 1em{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1} \def\let\@currentlabel=\theequation\ref...
1,108,101,565,039
arxiv
\section{Parametric Noise Injection (PNI)} \label{sec:PNI} In this section we give an overview of the PNI~\cite{Rakin2019ParametricNI} adversarial defense technique. This method injects noise to different components or location within the DNN in the following way: \begin{equation} \label{eq:PNI} \begin{alig...
1,108,101,565,040
arxiv
\section{Introduction} FU Orionis systems are a class of exceptionally luminous young stellar objects found in star-forming regions (Hartmann \& Kenyon 1996). Originally identified from their very large increases in optical brightness over timescales of years or less (Herbig 1977), a larger group of heavily extincted ...
1,108,101,565,041
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Text matching is an important research area in several natural language processing (NLP) applications, including, but not limited to information retrieval, natural language inference, question answering and paraphrase identification. In these applications, a model estimates the similarity or rela...
1,108,101,565,042
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} In model-based reinforcement learning problems~\cite{sutton1999policy,bertsekas1996neuro}, an agent interacts sequentially with a dynamic environment by taking actions in order to maximize its long-term performance This paper, as most related work in this field, focuse...
1,108,101,565,043
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Semi-analytical and numerical studies agree that the first generation of stars are likely to have formed at very high redshifts, $z \gsim 20$, at locations corresponding to rare peaks of the fluctuating primordial density field. Numerical simulations suggest that the first col...
1,108,101,565,044
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Ballistically-controlled reactions provide simple examples of non-equilibrium systems with complex kinetics and have recently attracted a lot of interest~\cite{EF,KS,BRL,R,jarek_uno,jarek_due,jarek_tre,jarek_four,jarek_five}. They consist of an assembly of particles moving freely between collisio...
1,108,101,565,045
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the next five years, our view of the Milky Way galaxy will be revolutionised by the European Space Agency's cornerstone \emph{Gaia} mission \citep{GC+16}, which aims to provide positions and velocities for billions of stars in the Galaxy -- a 10000-fold increase in sample size and 100-fold ...
1,108,101,565,046
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Conceptually, run time packers encode a binary with obfuscation techniques such as compression and encryption to harden analysis of their code. This hardening significantly increases the effort needed to reverse engineer a given sample, whether manually or automatically, because it requires inv...
1,108,101,565,047
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{R}{eal-world} image super-resolution (RealSR) aims at restoring in-the-wild images collected from poor-quality sensors with unknown degraded kernels. Since RealSR realizes image restoration under real-world scenarios, it plays a remarkable role in many human-centric applications, su...
1,108,101,565,048
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Scattering of light by light is a prediction of quantum electrodynamics (QED) that has been first calculated in 1935, in fact prior to the full development of QED, in the low-energy limit by Euler and Kockel \cite{Euler:1935zz,Euler:1936}, and in the ultrarelativistic limit shortly thereafter by...
1,108,101,565,049
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since the first coining of the Deep Learning term following the first “big win” of neural approaches marked by AlexNet\cite{krizhevsky2012imagenet}, followed by the wide adoption of GPU-based tensor optimization frameworks such as Tensorflow\cite{abadi2016tensorflow} and Pytorch\cite{paszke2019p...
1,108,101,565,050
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Machine learning (ML) \cite{bishop_pattern_2011,cover_elements_1991,hastie2009elements,hundred} refers to a broad field of study, with multifaceted applications of cross-disciplinary breadth. ML {is a subset of Artificial Intelligence (AI) which} ultimately aims at developing computer algorith...
1,108,101,565,051
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The famous domination chain $$\textrm{ir}(G)\leq \gamma(G)\leq i(G)\leq \alpha(G)\leq \Gamma(G)\leq \textrm{IR}(G) $$ links parameters related to the fundamental notions of independence, domination and irredundance in graphs; see \cite{HHS98}. Out of the six parameters, the least studied ap...
1,108,101,565,052
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (LLAGN) NGC~4258\ is an essential object in our quest to understand the astrophysics of extragalactic supermassive black holes. Very Large Array (VLA) and Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations have found a set of water masers that trace...
1,108,101,565,053
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The arithmetic of quadratic forms has long held a special place in number theory. In this paper we focus our efforts on algebraic varieties $X\subset \mathbb{P}^{m-1}$ which arise as the common zero locus of two quadratic forms $q_1,q_2\in \mathbb{Z}[x_1,\dots,x_m]$. We will alw...
1,108,101,565,054
arxiv
\section{Discussion} Antineutrinos from the decay chains of $^{238}$U and $^{232}$Th existing in the Earth interior (the so called geo-neutrinos) have been recently detected both by Kamland \cite{kamland} and by Borexino \cite{borexino} experiments. Future experiments for geo-neutrinos detection have been proposed...
1,108,101,565,055
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The study of vortex rings (VRs) has a long and distinguished history in the context of fluids and superfluids~\cite{saffman,Pismen1999}, a prominent chapter of which involves, e.g., associated observations in helium; see, for instance~\cite{donnelly,Rayfield64,Gamota73}. However, the experimenta...
1,108,101,565,056
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Shock waves are an important and ubiquitous phenomenon in astrophysics. They can accelerate electrons \citep{Mann1995, Miteva2007, Schwartz2011} and ions \citep{Thomsen1985, Sckopke1995, Giacalone2005} effectively. In the solar atmosphere, there exist various kinds of shocks, which usually manife...
1,108,101,565,057
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Understanding how an isolated quantum system prepared out of equilibrium, can exhibit thermal properties at late times, i.e. how it thermalizes, has challenged quantum physicists for almost a century. The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) \cite{srednickiChaosQuantumThermalization1994,d...
1,108,101,565,058
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Introduction} Kidney paired donation programs (KPDPs) across the globe have facilitated living donor kidney transplants for patients experiencing renal failure who have a willing yet incompatible or sub-optimal donor. A patient in need of a kidney transplant registers along with their ...
1,108,101,565,059
arxiv
\section{Introduction} What is awareness or consciousness? Think of a well-trained and experienced car driver who automatically identifies and follows the traffic protocols in different surrounding environments (e.g. street, highway, and city centre) by interpreting the visual scenes directly (such as buildings, schoo...
1,108,101,565,060
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We stumbled upon a recent paper by John Conway and Alex Ryba \cite{ConwayRyba2016}, \textit{The extra Fibonacci series and the Empire State Building}. The title intrigued us, and our initial goal was to find the Empire State Building related to the Tribonacci sequences. The Conway-Ryba paper \c...
1,108,101,565,061
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Graphs, or networks, are a general and flexible data structure to encode complex relationships among objects. Examples of real-world graphs include social networks, airline networks, protein-protein interaction networks, and traffic networks. Recently, there has been increasing interest from...
1,108,101,565,062
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} It has been known since the foundational work of Frobenius that partitions of $n$ naturally label the complex irreducible representations of the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_n$. If we take an irreducible representation labeled by a partition $\lambda$ and tensor it with the sign representation...
1,108,101,565,063
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The method of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) was introduced by R.A. Fisher in the early 20$^\text{th}$ century as a way to estimate the parameters associated with an observed quantity based on some statistical model \cite{Fisher_1922,Fisher_1925,Fisher_1935}. Since then, it has been used in ...
1,108,101,565,064
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} In the last decade substantial attention has been given to transport of electrons through individual atomic point contacts or molecules, commonly referred to as quantum junctions (QJ). New experimental results for $I(V)$ curves of QJ are promptly followed by their numerical modeling which, how...
1,108,101,565,065
arxiv
\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}% \parskip 6 pt \marginparwidth 0pt \oddsidemargin -5mm \evensidemargin 0pt \marginparsep 0pt \topmargin -2cm \textwidth 17cm \textheight 24cm \newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}} \newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}} \newcommand{\begin{eqn...
1,108,101,565,066
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Policy exploration has always been one of the critical topic in the field of Reinforcement Learning (RL), agent's policy would diverge under excessive exploration, However, if the exploration is not enough, policy is prone to converge prematurely. Part of exploratory research work focuses on th...
1,108,101,565,067
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Liquid crystals (LCs), rod-like polymers, and disk-formed particles all involve molecules with a high degree of shape anisotropy \cite{jurasek2017self}. LCs occur in many contexts, ranging from the well-known display applications to biological systems \cite{woltman2007liquid,de2017rod,tian2018s...
1,108,101,565,068
arxiv
\section{Our model} \section{Introduction} The Swampland Program has received a lot of attention over the last few years. Its importance relies on the establishment of some criteria to separate effective quantum field theories $-$considered as consistent with Quantum Gravity, a.k.a. String Theory$-$ from those whi...
1,108,101,565,069
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The blazar class of active galactic nuclei (AGN) includes BL Lacertae objects (BL Lacs) and high polarization quasars \citep[HPQs, which are a subset of flat spectrum radio quasars, FSRQs, characterized by high fractional optical polarization degree ${\rm PD_{opt}}> 3\%$; see]...
1,108,101,565,070
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Grasping ability is one of the most important abilities of modern intelligent robots, especially for industrial robots, which will bring great power to society\cite{sanchez2018robotic}. As the most common basic action of robots in work, robotic autonomous grasping has great application prospects....
1,108,101,565,071
arxiv
\section{} $\bf{Abstract}$: A quantum lattice algorithm (QLA) is developed for the solution of Maxwell equations in scalar dielectric media using the Riemann-Silberstein representation. For x-dependent and y-dependent inhomogeneities, the corresponding QLA requries 8 qubits/spatial lattice site. This is because the c...
1,108,101,565,072
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A significant and growing body of astrophysical \cite{Sofue:2000jx,Markevitch:2003at,Massey:2010hh} and cosmological \cite{Primack:2015kpa,Aghanim:2018eyx} observations strongly suggests the existence of ``dark matter'', a massive substance which interacts very weakly---perhaps only through grav...
1,108,101,565,073
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The smart grid (SG) is the next generation of the traditional power grid. It integrates information and communication technologies with traditional power grid to provide two-way communications between the grid’s major entities including grid operators, electricity vendors, and electricity cons...
1,108,101,565,074
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Spheroidal functions or precisely spheroidal wave functions are issued from the wave equation $$ \nabla^2w+k^2w=0. $$ By considering solutions of separated variables in an elliptic cylinder coordinates system, or the prolate or oblate spheroids, such solutions satisfy a second order ODE of t...
1,108,101,565,075
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:mot} The top quark is the heaviest among the standard model (SM) quarks and is therefore the best candidate to be studied for any departure from particle point-like behavior. Such a departure would point to physics beyond the SM, possibly related to the dynamics behind the electro-w...
1,108,101,565,076
arxiv
\section{Notation and Preliminary Results}\label{sec:notation} \subsection{Notation} For an $r$-graph $\mc{F}$ and $v \in V(\mc{F})$, we denote by $ L_{\mc{F}}(v)$ the \emph{link of the vertex \(v\)}: $$ L_{\mc{F}}(v):=\{I \in (V(\mc{F}))^{(r-1)} \: | \: I \cup \{v\} \in \mc{F} \}.$$ More generally, for \(I\subseteq...
1,108,101,565,077
arxiv
\section{Introduction} As imaging systems become ubiquitous, the ability to recognize human actions is becoming increasingly important. \textbf{Activity Recognition} is an elemental task in the computer vision that realises human actions. These actions are detected post complete action execution in a video. Through t...
1,108,101,565,078
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Malaria has always been a public health problem and, since the discovery of malaria parasites in human blood by Charles Laveran in 1880, remains so despite more than 100 years of research. Malaria continues to have a significant impact on the world with over 400,000 deaths alone each year \cite{...
1,108,101,565,079
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{D}{ementia} affects $850,000$ people in the UK and over 50 million globally, and is set to become the developed world's largest socioeconomic healthcare burden over coming decades \cite{world2012dementia, alz}. In the absence of any current treatment, there is an urgent need to foc...
1,108,101,565,080
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Radio observations have always played an important role in \ac{GRB} studies. Besides complementing the broadband spectrum analysis, they allow for direct and indirect measurements of the source geometry and dynamics. Specifically, just by using observations of total flux ...
1,108,101,565,081
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Given a set $S$ of dominant rational maps on $\mathbb{P}^N$ and an infinite sequence $\gamma=(\theta_1,\theta_2, \dots)$ of elements of $S$, then we are interested in two types of iterated processes attached to $\gamma$. Namely, the \emph{left iterative sequence} of maps, \[\gamma_n^-:=\theta_...
1,108,101,565,082
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This paper deals with the solution of the Sturm-Liouville problem on a quantum computer. Quantum computers have shown great promise in solving problems as diverse as the discrete problems of searching and factoring \cite{gro-96a,sho-94} and the continuous problems including integration, path int...
1,108,101,565,083
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the last decade, numerous efforts have been invested in the digitization of fine art, yielding digital collections allowing the preservation and remote access to cultural heritage. Such collections, even when available online, can only be fruitfully browsed through the metadata asso...
1,108,101,565,084
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Within the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm, the growth of cosmic structure proceeds as overdensities collapse into dark matter halos, which eventually serve as the sites for galaxy formation \citep{white78, blumenthal84, davis85}. Over time, the hierarchical accretion and merging of h...
1,108,101,565,085
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum computation provided the inspiration for holographic algorithms \cite{valiant_holographic_2008}, which in turn inspired the holant framework for computational counting problems (first introduced in the conference version of \cite{cai_complexity_2014}). Computational counting problems in...
1,108,101,565,086
arxiv
\section{Experiments} Here, we present benchmark results and analysis on USB. Thereafter, we rethink state-of-the-art methods on COCO with the USB protocols. See Supplementary Material\xspace for the details of the experimental settings and results, including additional analysis and ablation studies. \subsection{Exp...
1,108,101,565,087
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The study of behavior of Hecke eigenvalues has been an interesting as well as an important theme in the theory of modular forms. For example, the distribution of Hecke eigenvalues and Omega results (i.e., `sharp' lower bounds on suitable subsequences) have been studied extensively. In the case o...
1,108,101,565,088
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{General setting} Let $C$ be a complex curve of genus $g$. We are interested in the different $2$-dimensional neighborhoods $S$ of $C$. More precisely, two surfaces $S,S'$ equipped with embeddings $C\hookrightarrow S$, $C\hookrightarrow S'$ define formally/analytically equivalent nei...
1,108,101,565,089
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \bigskip Arbitrary integer powers of a square matrix is used to solve some difference equations, differential and delay differential equations and boundary value problems. Recently, the calculations eigenvalues and integer powers of anti-tridiagonal matrices have been well studied in the...
1,108,101,565,090
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Hydrodynamics is the natural framework for the nuclear matter at finite temperature and at long distance scales. A novel nuclear matter state has been discovered in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision (RHIC) experiment \cite{expt1} (for review see for example \cite{expt2}). It is widely beli...
1,108,101,565,091
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \vspace{-0.1cm} Cancer genomics depends upon the identification of variants that are associated with particular types of cancers. Because such variants are deleterious, they are not typically part of the ancient standing variation spread across all humans; instead they are more recent mutations ...
1,108,101,565,092
arxiv
\section{Background galaxy number counts and shear noise-levels} Because the optical images used in this analysis... \begin{figure* \includegraphics[width=10.9cm]{1787f23.eps} \caption{Shown in greyscale is a...} \label{cl12301} \end{figure*} In this case.... \begin{figure*} \centering \includegraphics[width=16.4cm,cl...
1,108,101,565,093
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Cancer diagnosis and treatment plans are guided by multiple streams of data acquired from several modalities, such as radiology scans, molecular profiling, histology slides, and clinical variables. Each characterizes unique aspects of tumor biology and, collectively, they help clinicians underst...
1,108,101,565,094
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Background} The linguist George Kingsley Zipf made the observation that the frequency of a word is proportional to the inverse of the word's rank in a text. If the most common word occurs at frequency $n$, then the second most common word occurs at frequency $n/2$, the word with rank three at...
1,108,101,565,095
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Section introduction} In this paper we study the global properties of the period map from the Teichm\"{u}ller space of polarized and marked Calabi-Yau manifolds to the classifying space of polarized Hodge structures. Our method is based on a simple observation that there exists a natural ho...
1,108,101,565,096
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We denote by $\mathcal{H}$ the class of holomorphic functions on the unit disk $\mathbb{D}=\{z: |z|<1\}$ of the complex plane $\mathbb{C}.$ For $a\in\mathbb{C}$ and $n\in\mathbb{N},$ let $\mathcal{H}[a,n]$ denote the subclass of $\mathcal{H}$ consisting of functions $h$ of the form $h(z)=a+c_nz^n...
1,108,101,565,097
arxiv
\subsubsection*{\bibname}} \bibliographystyle{apalike} \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} \usepackage{amssymb,dsfont,amsmath,amsthm,mathtools} \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{notations, mystyle} \DeclareMathOperator{\defi}{def} \DeclareMathOperator{\GW}{GW} \DeclareMathOperator{\defeq}{\overset{\de...
1,108,101,565,098
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Extremely low mass white dwarfs (ELM WDs) are helium-core WDs with masses below $0.3\,M_\odot$ \citep{Li2019}, which are different from most WDs that have C/O cores with mass around $0.6\,M_\odot$ \citep{Kepler2015}. ELM WDs are thought to be born in interactive binaries an...
1,108,101,565,099
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgments} It is a pleasure to thank Frank Close and Z.P. Li for our stimulating and productive collaboration.
1,108,101,565,100
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Multiwavelength observations of radio pulsars are an important tool for the study of not yet clearly understood radiative mechanisms and spectral evolution of rotationpowered isolated neutron stars (NSs). Optical observations are an essential part of these studies. Among a dozen...
1,108,101,565,101
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Given a compact complex manifold $X$, the \emph{Bott-Chern cohomology}, $H^{\bullet,\bullet}_{BC}(X)$, \cite{bott-chern}, and the \emph{Aeppli cohomology}, $H^{\bullet,\bullet}_{A}(X)$, \cite{aeppli}, provide useful invariants, and have been studied by several authors in different contexts, se...
1,108,101,565,102
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The purpose of this paper is to discuss the conditions under which a light scalar, identifiable with the dilaton, can naturally arise in a field theory \cite{cpr}. This question is non-trivial because dilatation invariance is a spacetime symmetry, and Goldstone theorem does not apply straig...
1,108,101,565,103
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{chapter:introduction} With eye tracking dating back from the XVIII century \cite{javal_1879}, many have been the applications for this technology, such as medicine \cite{holzman_proctor_hughes_1973}), robotics \cite{mcmullen_hotson_2014,gomes2016gaze}), advertising \cite{krugman_fox_flet...
1,108,101,565,104
arxiv
\section{Membership Inference Attacks Evaluated} \label{sec:adaptiveattack} To (empirically) demonstrate the privacy of our system, we evaluate it against three main classes of MIA attacks. First, we evaluate our attack against the single-query and label-only MIA attacks introduced in earlier. Specifically, e...
1,108,101,565,105
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Low-dose computed tomography (CT) denoising aims for reconstructing high-quality volumetric images from CT acquisitions with reduced patient dose. In the last years, conventional CT denoising algorithms were outperformed by methods using neural networks that allow data-driven o...
1,108,101,565,106
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Glottochronology uses the percentage of shared ``cognates'' between languages to calculate their distances. These ``genetic'' distances are logarithmically proportional to divergence times if a constant rate of lexical replacement is assumed. Cognates are words inferred to have a common histo...
1,108,101,565,107
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Solar flare is a sudden explosion in the solar atmosphere during which the magnetic energy (stored in the twisted and sheared magnetic fields as well as in the current layers between interacting fields) is released in the form of kinetic energy of rapidly moving plasma, accelerated particles and...
1,108,101,565,108
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this article we analyze a continuous-time optimal stopping problem with a series of inequality-type and equality-type expectations constraints in a general non-Markovian framework. Let $(\cQ, \cF, \fp)$ be a generic probability space equipped with a Brownian motion...
1,108,101,565,109
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Last years showed much progress in the experimental determination of the $g$-factors of hydrogen-like ions \cite{haeffner:00:prl,verdu:04,sturm:11,sturm:11:b}. Measurements, accurate up to a few parts in $10^{11}$ \cite{sturm:11:b}, were performed by studying a single ion confined in a Penning t...
1,108,101,565,110
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro}\noindent In this paper we investigate some qualitative properties of the skew-product semiflows generated by the solutions of non-autonomous parabolic partial functional differential equations (PFDEs for short) with finite delay and boundary conditions of Neumann, Robin or Dirichle...
1,108,101,565,111
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:1} The dynamics of test free particles in curved spacetimes, i.e., the geodesic structure, include important information about the gravitational field and the geometry. In stationary spacetimes, there can be stationary orbits of particles, which are geodesics along timelike Killin...
1,108,101,565,112
arxiv
\section{Introduction:\protect\\ } \par Occasionally in the development of quantum theory and quantum field theory, something fundamental and simple is overlooked. This is the case with the introduction of the ordered Poisson bracket and its consequences. It is shown in this paper that the time-dependent Schr\"odin...
1,108,101,565,113
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the currently accepted cosmological model, galaxy formation is intimately connected to the formation of the large-scale cosmic structure. To test this model, we need to measure the relative distribution of light and matter in the Universe. The mass distribution on small scales, from galaxie...
1,108,101,565,114
arxiv
\section{introduction} Recent progress in preparing, controlling, and measuring the macroscopic quantum states of superconducting circuits with Josephson junctions \cite{YAMAMOTO2003,STEFFEN2006,PLANTENBERG2007,NEELEY2008, DICARLO2009,BIALCZAK2010,REED2010} makes realization of a quantum computer an experimental possi...