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1,108,101,565,115 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The generation of gauge configurations with two dynamical Wilson fermions,
started by the {\small\sf SESAM }-collaboration in spring '95 and expanded by the
formation of the {{\small\sf T}{$\chi$}{\small\sf L}} -collaboration in '96, is now well under way. The
primary goal, the generation of a se... |
1,108,101,565,116 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{intro}
\section{Basic properties of solutions}
\input{basic}
\section{Characterisation of regular evolutions}
\input{regular}
\section*{Acknowledgements}
The author wishes to express his gratitude towards Piotr Mucha for suggesting the problem, encouragement and helpf... |
1,108,101,565,117 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Learning visual features effectively has a profound influence on the recognition performance~\cite{boureau-cvpr10-learning,shih-cvpr17-deep}. Upon handling large-scale natural images, self-supervised visual representation learning benefits downstream recognition tasks via pretext feature training... |
1,108,101,565,118 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The past few years have seen an enormous increase in the observational data collected for galaxies that had formed in the first billion years of the Universe thanks to a combination of state of the art observatories (most notably the Hubble Space Telescope; {\it HST}) as well as refined selection... |
1,108,101,565,119 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:introduction}
Today, after decades of intensive research, cancer is still one of the most deadly diseases worldwide, killing millions of people every year. Cancer is mainly caused by somatic mutations that affect critical genes and pathways. These mutations are mostly triggered by en... |
1,108,101,565,120 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
In this paper, we consider a box-constrained global optimization problem of the form:
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:opt-problem}
\begin{aligned}
& \min_{\mathbf{x}\in D} && f(\mathbf{x})
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
where $f:\mathbb{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a Lipschitz-con... |
1,108,101,565,121 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Mobile devices connect to the Internet via one or more telecommunications
operators. Users usually have expectations about the services
they receive from these operators \cite{sung,mitraicme2011}. Based
on their experience about the services they receive, they either choose
to stay with the curr... |
1,108,101,565,122 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem is a routine at the core of important tools for power system operations (\cite{frank2012optimal}). The OPF problem seeks to determine the production levels of generating units that satisfy the power (net) demand at minimum cost while complying with some techn... |
1,108,101,565,123 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Different methods and data sets are being used to reconstruct the dark
energy (DE) equation of state $w=p_{\rm de}/\rho_{\rm de}$ and thereby
also to test the concordance model (which has $w=-1$). The results
vary significantly according to the methods and data sets used, and
the error bars and ... |
1,108,101,565,124 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\input{tex/intro}
\section{Preliminaries and Related Work}
\label{sec:related}
\input{tex/related}
\section{Approach}
\label{sec:approach}
\input{tex/approach}
\section{Experiments and Results}
\label{sec:exp}
\input{tex/exp}
\section{Conclusion}
\label{sec:conc}
\input{tex... |
1,108,101,565,125 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ability to readout binary quantum observables such as quantum bits (qubits) is an important {\it desideratum} for quantum information processing~\cite{divincenzo2001}. In particular, it is often highly desirable that the readout have high fidelity and be quantum nondemolition (QND). For inst... |
1,108,101,565,126 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well-known that human and animals can learn new tasks without forgetting old ones. Nevertheless, conventional retraining of an existing Deep Neural Network (DNN) model for new tasks could easily result in the forgetting of old knowledge upon earlier tasks and thus degrades the performance. ... |
1,108,101,565,127 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We report a study of two-dimensional, collinear,
spin-S antiferromagnets (AFMs) and ferromagnets (FMs) aimed at
better understanding the magnetic behavior of both, and in particular
the role of quantum versus classical fluctuations in these systems.
A number of quasi-$2D$ experimental systems, i... |
1,108,101,565,128 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The hadron and lepton phase of early-universe cosmology, spanning a temperature range between about 175 MeV and 1 MeV (between the quark-gluon plasma and cosmonucleosynthesis), has received only moderate attention in the literature~\cite{Rafelski:2013yka}, in spite of it being very rich in terms ... |
1,108,101,565,129 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Let $\mathbb{A}$ be a linear, homogeneous differential operator with constant coefficients on $\mathbb{R}^n$ from $V$ to $W$, i.e.,
\begin{align}\label{eq:A}
\mathbb{A} u=\sum_{|\alpha|=k} A_\alpha\partial^\alpha u,\qquad u\colon\mathbb{R}^{n}\to V,
\end{align}
where $\mathbb{A}... |
1,108,101,565,130 | arxiv | \section{Convergence Analysis} \label{sec:analysis}
In this section, we present a convergence analysis of BCGD
and establish the optimal learning rate.
The optimality is defined to be the learning rate
which results in the fastest decrease in the loss
at the current parameters.
The standard $L_2$-loss will be mainly di... |
1,108,101,565,131 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and overview} \label{sec: intro}
Let $\dot{\mathfrak{g}}$ be any symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebra. Pick a collection $z_1,\dots,z_N$ of distinct points in the complex plane. The quadratic Hamiltonians of the quantum \emph{Gaudin model} for these data are the elements
\begin{equation} \label{q... |
1,108,101,565,132 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The frictional force experienced by a quantized flux line moving in a conventional superconductor arises primarily from induced vortex electric fields coupling to charge excitations \emph{within} the vortex core. This was first captured by Bardeen and Stephen,\cite{Bardeen:1965p151} who treated... |
1,108,101,565,133 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
This paper discusses an algebraic combinatorics problem that arises in the theory of cluster algebras but whose study is also spurred on by geometric models appearing in string theory.
The engineering of four-dimensional quantum field theories in string theory has developed a great ... |
1,108,101,565,134 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Currently, around $50 \%$ of all patients with localized malignancies undergo treatment including ionizing radiation, mostly in combination with tumor resection and/or chemotherapy \cite{Durante2,ptcog}. Conventional therapy with high energy photons is by far the most common approach, but the ... |
1,108,101,565,135 | arxiv | |
1,108,101,565,136 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure*}[t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{figmay_newhi.eps}
\caption{Distribution of the selected fields, numbered as in Table \ref{tabfields}. The distribution is superimposed on the HI 21 cm brightness temperature map (\cite{kal05}) in the radial velocity interval -100 k... |
1,108,101,565,137 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An important aspect of ``algebraic'' model theory is to uncover the algebraic consequences for structures such as groups, rings, fields, of abstract model-theoretic properties such as categoricity, stability, simplicity, and so on. Among the first results in the area was Macintyre's theorem \ci... |
1,108,101,565,138 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
In the past three decades non-Gaussian time series have attracted a
lot of interest, see e.g. Cox (1981), Kaufmann (1987), Kitagawa
(1987), Shephard and Pitt (1997), and Durbin and Koopman (2000),
among others. In the context of regression modelling, generalized
linear models... |
1,108,101,565,139 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The mean curvature flow for hypersurfaces in Euclidean space has been studied systematically since the late 1970s (to name but a few, see \cite{temam}, \cite{brakke}, \cite{huisken}, \cite{gage-hamilton}, \cite{grayson}, \cite{hamilton95}, \cite{white}, \cite{cm-mcf}, \cite{cm12}, and for early w... |
1,108,101,565,140 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Throughout the paper, let $G$ be an additively written finite cyclic group of order $|G|=n$. By a sequence over $G$ we mean a finite sequence of terms from $G$ which is unordered and repetition of terms is allowed. We view sequences over $G$ as elements of the free abelian monoid $\mathcal{F}(G)... |
1,108,101,565,141 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
It is usually assumed that the $c/{\bar c} \to D$
fragmentation is responible for production of charmed mesons.
In leading order $g g \to c \bar c$ is dominant partonic subprocess.
The contribution of $q {\bar q} \to c {\bar c}$ is usually much smaller.
The leading-order productio... |
1,108,101,565,142 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Vortices have been a source of fascination
since the works of Empedocles, Aristotle and Descartes, who tried
to explain the formation of the Earth, its gravity and the
dynamics of the solar system as due to primordial cosmic vortices.
Many interesting problems related to vortices are open in dif... |
1,108,101,565,143 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
OJ287 (z=0.306) is an optically violent variable BL Lacertae object (BLO)
and also one of the bright Fermi $\gamma$-ray sources (Ackermann
et al. \cite{Ac11}, Hartman et al. \cite{Har99}, Agudo et al. \cite{Ag12}).
Its strong variability has been observed in all the
wavebands f... |
1,108,101,565,144 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
{\bf Introduction: }
Quantum information cannot propagate faster than light. However, in many laboratory settings, the speed of light is effectively infinite, since the natural dynamical timescales are long compared to the light-crossing time. Hence, these systems can sometimes be modeled as havi... |
1,108,101,565,145 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
{\normalfont\large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
... |
1,108,101,565,146 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In conversational speech, individual utterances may reference context from previous utterances. If certain topics or words have been mentioned in the past, related words are likely to be used. In automatic speech recognition, language models are responsible for capturing the pro... |
1,108,101,565,147 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback and comments. This work is supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (62072188, 61672241), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2016A030308013), Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province (2... |
1,108,101,565,148 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section:Introduction}
The logic and database theory literature has considered various kinds of
representations of finite labeled trees as logical structures. In
particular, trees are either ranked or unranked (i.e., the number of
children of each node is bounded by a constant, or unbounded... |
1,108,101,565,149 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In our perspective, a renewal equation (RE) is a delay equation, i.e., a rule for extending a function of time towards the future on the basis of the (assumed to be) known history. The difference between delay differential equations (DDE) and RE is that, for the former, the rule specifies the de... |
1,108,101,565,150 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The chiral coupled channel approach, implementing exact unitarity in coupled channels
and using input from chiral Lagrangians, has allowed to make predictions beyond the
restricted range of energies of chiral perturbation theory and is having a
great impact in the study of meson baryon interact... |
1,108,101,565,151 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In science and engineering, differential eigenvalue problems occur abundantly. Differential eigenvalue problems can arise when partial differential equations are solved using the method of separation of variables. Consequently, they also play an important role in Sturm-Liouville (SL) differentia... |
1,108,101,565,152 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
\label{sec:1}
Morse functions on spheres with exactly two singular points are central objects in Reeb's theorem: a closed manifold admits such a function if and only if it is homeomorphic to a $k$-dimensional sphere for $k \neq 4$ or diffeomorphic to the $4$-dimensional unit sphere.
For gener... |
1,108,101,565,153 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
In last two decades, the robots have gained sufficient social trust and are extensively participating with humans in performing certain tasks that require cognitive abilities of humans to be combined with precision and strength of robots \cite{c1}\cite{c2}. However, such a social trust on robots... |
1,108,101,565,154 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A \textbf{tournament} $ T=(V(T), A(T)) $ is a directed graph obtained by orienting the edge set of a (possibly infinite) complete
undirected graph. A directed cycle is called a \textbf{dicycle} for short. We use some basic set theoretic conventions. We consider functions $ f $ as sets of order... |
1,108,101,565,155 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Gravitational lensing is the physical phenomena in which light is deflected by gravitational potentials along the line of sight, which results in the distortion and magnification of distant galaxy images. This phenomena can be split into two regimes, strong and weak gravitational lensing. For str... |
1,108,101,565,156 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cross-view image synthesis aims to translate images between two distinct views, such as synthesizing ground images from aerial images, and vice versa. This problem has aroused great interest in the computer vision and virtual reality communities, and it has been widely studied in recent years~\... |
1,108,101,565,157 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we are concerned with certain avoidance properties
of finite and infinite words.
Recall that a word $x$ is said to be a {\it factor} of a word
$w$ if there exist words $y,z$ such that $w = yxz$. For example,
the word {\tt act} is a factor of the word
{\tt factor}. Another term ... |
1,108,101,565,158 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION }
The principle underlying most of the slow-light experiments is to
exploit the steep normal dispersion of the refractive index associated
with a pronounced peak in the transmission of the medium and the correlative
reduction of the group velocity. The situation where the resulting
time-delay of ... |
1,108,101,565,159 | arxiv | \section{I. Non-reciprocal topological modes in 1D}
In the main text, we have made references to topological modes in non-reciprocal systems, where a competition exists between topological localization and the skin effect. To illustrate this, and also to understand the 4-band model in the main text more deeply, consid... |
1,108,101,565,160 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent astrophysical and cosmological observation
give precise determination on the relic
density of cold dark matter in the range~\cite{Spergel:2006hy}
$\abundcdm =0.104 \pm 0.009 $.
The well motivated candidate for dark matter (DM) is weakly interacting
massive particle (WIMP), especially the ... |
1,108,101,565,161 | arxiv |
\section{Algorithm}
\label{sec:app_algo}
${\textsc{RepDIB}}$ can be integrated on any existing self supervised learning objectives for representations, to reap benefits of the compositional structure for either exploration during pre-training, or for downstream tasks. In this work, we mostly show benefits of ${\textsc... |
1,108,101,565,162 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:one}
\begin{figure}[b]
\bigskip
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width = 60 mm]{twophoton.pdf}
\caption{The box diagram for the $\mathcal O(\alpha^5m^4)$ corrections. The graph in which the photons cross is also included.
}
\label{fig:lambbox}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
The proton radi... |
1,108,101,565,163 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A classic problem of viscous friction acting on an object receives growing
attention in various contexts. In microfluidics \cite{SquiresQuake2005},
promising for applications in chemistry, biology, medicine and pharmaceutical
industry, viscous friction manifests as important in various geometrie... |
1,108,101,565,164 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The geometric phases are usually analyzed in the framework of
first quantization by using the adiabatic
approximation~\cite{berry}-\cite{hasegawa2}, though
a non-adiabatic treatment has been considered in, for example,
\cite{aharonov} and the (non-adiabatic) correction to the
geometric phases... |
1,108,101,565,165 | arxiv | \subsubsection{Introduction}
\paragraph{ The wreath product and $\mathfrak{S}_\infty$-central states.}
Let $\mathbb{N}$ be the set of the natural numbers.
By definition,
a bijection $s: \mathbb{N}\to \mathbb{N}$ is called
{\it finite} if the
set $\left\{ i\in\mathbb{N}|s(i) \neq i\right\}$ is finite.
Define a grou... |
1,108,101,565,166 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and results}
\subsection{Introduction.}
The correlation length plays a fundamental role in our understanding of the properties of a statistical mechanical system.
It measures the typical distance over which the microscopic degrees of freedom are strongly correlated.
The usual way of defining it... |
1,108,101,565,167 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\subsection{Motivation}
Nickel-based Superalloys are found in a wide range of applications. The most
prominent use is in the manufacture of gas turbines for use in commercial and
military aircraft, power generation, and marine propulsion.A jet engine experiences temperatures ranging from 300K to... |
1,108,101,565,168 | arxiv |
\section*{ACKNOWLEDGMENT}
\end{document}
\section{INTRODUCTION}
With the empowered ability of artificial intelligence, autonomous driving has become one of the promising directions for both research and application.
Due to the safety concern and the high cost of real vehicle testing, autopilot simulation is widely... |
1,108,101,565,169 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hadronic atoms provide valuable information about in-medium
modification of hadron properties, on hadron-nucleon interaction, and
also on properties of nuclei not easily accessible by other probes, as
the distribution density of neutrons. This field has been the subject
of thorough study, both t... |
1,108,101,565,170 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
At high energy and large impact parameter, gravitational scattering is dominated by the exchange of the highest-spin massless states in the theory~\cite{tHooft:1987vrq, Amati:1987wq,Amati:1987uf,Muzinich:1987in,Sundborg:1988tb}. The focus of this work is on standard gravitational field theories ... |
1,108,101,565,171 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Our knowledge of solar magnetism relies heavily on our ability to detect and interpret the polarization signatures of magnetic fields in solar spectral lines.
Consequently, new Stokes polarimeters are designed to have the capability to observe the solar atmosphere in a var... |
1,108,101,565,172 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the pioneering works by A.A.~Andronov and E.A.~Leontovich \cite{AL1,AL2}
all main bifurcations of stable periodic orbits of dynamical systems in a plane had been studied: the emergence
of a limit cycle from a weak focus,
the saddle-node bifurcation through a merger of a stable limit cycle wit... |
1,108,101,565,173 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{ph_sec_introduction}
\input{ph_sec_introduction}
\section{Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition}
\label{ph_sec_dantzig_wolfe_decomposition}
\input{ph_sec_dantzig_wolfe_decomposition}
\section{Primal heuristics}
\label{ph_sec_primal_heuristics}
\input{ph_sec_primal_heuristics}
\section{Numeric... |
1,108,101,565,174 | arxiv | \section{The Interstellar Medium}
The Interstellar Medium (ISM) constitutes the reservoir of matter, that was and still is turned into stars and planets and gave also rise to the existence of our own solar system and our world.
If its study wasn't already interesting for just that reason, there are many complex proce... |
1,108,101,565,175 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Hot channel (HC) refers to the high temperature structure that is
revealed first by coronal images of AIA (Atmospheric Imaging
Assembly) 131 \AA \ passband (sensitive to temperature of $\sim$
10 MK), while the structure is invisible from cooler temperature
images, e.g., images of the AIA 171... |
1,108,101,565,176 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider one dimensional solutions and higher dimensional radial
solutions of the following Klein-Gordon equation:
\begin{equation}\label{equrn}
\left\{
\begin{array}{l}
\partial_t^2 U =\Delta U+|U|^{p-1}U-U,\\
U(0)=U_0\mbox{ and }U_t(0)=U_1,
\end{array}
\right.
\end{equation}
whe... |
1,108,101,565,177 | arxiv |
\section{Further Data from Numerical Simulations}
\label{appn::data}
Here we provide the average population size and average loss we obtained from every run of our numerical simulations.\footnote{every run was for 2000 iterations}.
\subsection{Reasonable Strategy}
\begin{itemize}
\item Discrete Setting:\\
$n=... |
1,108,101,565,178 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\lettrine{R}{eference} Governors (RGs) \cite{garone2017reference} are add-on schemes to nominal closed-loop systems used
to enforce pointwise-in-time state and control constraints. An RG acts as a safety supervisor for the reference commands (set-points) given to the closed-loop system by a huma... |
1,108,101,565,179 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Given a positive integer $r$ and a graph $G$, the \emph{$r$-neighbour bootstrap process} begins with an initial set of ``infected'' vertices of $G$ and, at each step of the process, a vertex becomes infected if it has at least $r$ infected neighbours. More formally, if $A_0$ is the initial set o... |
1,108,101,565,180 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A minimal surface is a surface that locally minimizes its area. The theory of minimal surfaces arises due to the work of Lagrange in $1762$ when he was trying to find the surface $f=f(x,y)$ having the least area but bounded by a given closed curve. He could not succeed in finding any solution o... |
1,108,101,565,181 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the companion paper~\cite{mass_function_paper} (referred to as Ref.~I) a model for the $q\bar q$ interaction was developed that uses the NJL mechanism to ensure that a pion bound state of zero mass exists whenever mass can be spontaneously generated through the self-interactions that dress a ... |
1,108,101,565,182 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the critical surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation
\begin{equation}\tag{SQG} \label{eq:SQG}
\begin{cases}
{\partial}_t\theta +\boldsymbol{u} \cdot \nabla \theta+\kappa\Lambda\theta=f\\
\boldsymbol{u} = {\mathcal R}^\perp \theta = \nabla^\perp \Lambda^{-1} \theta\\
\theta(0)=\theta... |
1,108,101,565,183 | arxiv | \section{Computation as maximization in information space}
The early history of constraint processing
is written in three MIT theses:
Sutherland's, Waltz's, and Steele's \cite{sth63,wltz72,stl80}.
Already in this small selection one can discern
two radically different approaches.
Sutherland and Steele use relaxation:
... |
1,108,101,565,184 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations by {\it WMAP}~\cite{Hinshaw:2012aka} and {\it Planck}~\cite{Ade:2013zuv} Collaborations opened a new era in high precision cosmology. These data are well described by the standard spatially-flat $\Lambda$CDM cosmology with a ... |
1,108,101,565,185 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The original motivation of this paper comes from a partnership of the authors with Eurotunnel, the company operating the tunnel under the Channel. Eurotunnel is currently facing an increasing congestion due to the trucks waiting in the terminal before being loaded in the shuttles. A way to addre... |
1,108,101,565,186 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\input{sections/intro.tex}
\section*{Related Work}
\input{sections/related.tex}
\section*{Methods}
\subsection*{From electronic health records to medical diagnosis training data}
\input{sections/ehr.tex}
\label{sec:ehr}
\subsection*{Models}
\input{sections/methods.tex}
\subsection*{Evaluation d... |
1,108,101,565,187 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{s:intro}}
Subluminous B stars (sdBs) are core helium-burning stars with very thin hydrogen envelopes and masses around $0.5M_{\rm \odot}$
(Heber \cite{heber86}, see Heber \cite{heber09} for a review). A large fraction of the sdB stars ($40\,\%$ to $80\,\%$) are members of short period bin... |
1,108,101,565,188 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The reconstruction of a quantum state in general is important to test potential quantum systems on their properties such as entanglement, superposition and coherence and on their applicability for emerging quantum technologies. Furthermore, massive and spatially extended quantum systems such as c... |
1,108,101,565,189 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Mutually non-orthogonal quantum states are important in quantum key
distribution (QKD) because such states cannot be completely distinguished
from each other and hence they are intentionally used to transmit classical
information while preventing eavesdropping.
For qubits, the qubit trine repre... |
1,108,101,565,190 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The presence of higher-order curvature terms in the Lagrangian from one side was inspired by string theories. In 1974 Scherk and Schwarz~\cite{sch-sch} showed that the Lagrangian of the Virasoro-Shapiro model~\cite{VSh1, VSh2} contains $R^2$ and $R_{\alpha\beta}R^{\alpha\beta}$ terms. Later a pr... |
1,108,101,565,191 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dynamic epistemic logic describes the way knowledge can change in multi-agent
systems subject to informative actions taking place. For example, if Tim were
to announce ``I like cats'', then everyone in the room would know the
proposition {\it Tim likes cats} is true, and furthermore, eve... |
1,108,101,565,192 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\indent
The study of plasma flows for regulating the turbulence and anomalous transport has in recent years attracted strong interest~\cite{a15}. The regulation of drift wave turbulence by sheared flows is due to shearing of the turbulent eddies and thereby reducing the spatial scales of the eddi... |
1,108,101,565,193 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The R\'enyi entropy of the probability density $\rho(\vec{r}), \vec{r} = (x_1 , \ldots , x_D),$ which characterizes the quantum state of a $D$-dimensional physical system is defined \cite{renyi1,renyi2} as
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:renentrop}
R_{q}[\rho] = \frac{1}{1-q}\log W_{q}[\rho], \q... |
1,108,101,565,194 | arxiv | \section*{APPENDIX}
\begin{small}
\vspace{0.4cm}
\center{
\renewcommand\arraystretch{0.6}
\tabcolsep 0in
\begin{table}[h]
\caption{Coefficients of spin-flavor-color operators}
\vspace{0.5cm}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline
\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{$~$} & & & &
\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{$~$} & & & \\
\multico... |
1,108,101,565,195 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
{\bf Introduction}--Supersymmetry (SUSY) provides a natural solution to the gauge
hierarchy problem in the Standard Model (SM). In the Supersymmetric SMs (SSMs)
with $R$ parity, gauge coupling unification can be achieved, and the Lightest
Supersymmetric Particle (LSP) is a dark matter candidate.... |
1,108,101,565,196 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
\subsection{Motivation and results} \label{sec:motivation}
Predictive scores are increasingly used to guide decisions. Banks use credit scores to set the terms of loans; judges use defendant risk scores to set bail; and online platforms score sellers, businesses, and jo... |
1,108,101,565,197 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
In its original format,
the Ehrenfest classification scheme identifies the order of a phase transition as
that of the lowest derivative of the Helmholtz free energy which displays a
discontinuity there \cite{Eh33}. Typical transitions which fit to this s... |
1,108,101,565,198 | arxiv | \section{Systolic inequalities and LS category}
A quarter century ago, M.~Gromov \cite{Gr1} initiated the modern
period in systolic geometry by proving a curvature-free~$1$-systolic
lower bound for the total volume of an essential Riemannian
manifold~$M$ of dimension~$d$, i.e.~a~$d$-fold product of the systole
is such... |
1,108,101,565,199 | arxiv | \setcounter{equation}{0*{Abstract}
\else
\begin{center}
{\bf Abstract\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{0pt}}
\end{center}
\quotation
\fi}
\def\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi{\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi}
\def |
1,108,101,565,200 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The theory of rough paths~\cite{Lyons1998} has recently been extended to a multiparameter setting~\cite{Hairer2014Regularity,Gubinelli2012}. While \cite{Hairer2014Regularity} has a much wider range of applicability, both approaches allow to solve many interesting SPDEs that were well out of reac... |
1,108,101,565,201 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Let $c(n,i)$ denote the number of permutations of $[n]=\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ with $i$ cycles.
The following equation is well known; for example see \cite{Bona,Stanley1997}:
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:2}
\sum_{i=1}^n c(n,i) x^i = x(x+1) \cdots (x+n-1).
\end{equation}
Let ... |
1,108,101,565,202 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Intro}
Frustrated antiferromagnets (AFs) attract significant attention now due to their rich phase diagrams and multiferroic properties of some of their phases with non-collinear magnetic ordering (see, e.g., Refs~\cite{nagaosa,Ehrenberg1997,Kimura2003,mni3,utesov2017}). Multiferroics of ... |
1,108,101,565,203 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent technological advances have made pervasive wearable devices for human health~\cite{cheol2018wearable}, fitness~\cite{scalise2018wearables}, and activity~\cite{hegde2017automatic} monitoring possible. According to~\cite{dias2018wearable}, the wearable devices market is currently having a wo... |
1,108,101,565,204 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work towards a static analysis framework for Tezos smart contracts.
\textsc{Tezla}\xspace positions itself as an intermediate representation obtained from a Michelson smart contract, the low-level language of Tezos smart contracts.
This representat... |
1,108,101,565,205 | arxiv | \section{Introduction: von Neumann's automata and construction theory}
John von Neumann's theory of self-reproducing automata
\cite{vonneumann1951,vonneumann1966} is now regarded as one of the
greatest theoretical achievements made in early stages of artificial
life research \cite{marchal1998,sipper1998,mcmullin2000}.... |
1,108,101,565,206 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\lb{intro}
Knowing accurately the orbital motions of the major bodies of our solar system \citep{2007SoSyR..41..265K} has historically played a fundamental role over the years in putting to the test alternative theories of gravity to those that had been deemed as established from time to time. Ju... |
1,108,101,565,207 | arxiv |
\subsection*{Acknowlegements}
This paper contains the main results obtained in the second part of my thesis.
I would thus like to thank my thesis advisors Etienne Ghys and Patrick Popescu-Pampu for their guidance and encouragement;
as well as Francis Bonahon, Louis Funar, Jean-Pierr... |
1,108,101,565,208 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Metals are important constituents of the interstellar medium. Abundant
metals such as calcium and iron are among the most heavily depleted
elements in dense clouds, and therefore form a significant component of
interstellar dust. The process of dust formation is not well
understood (e.g., Drain... |
1,108,101,565,209 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The main feature of Finsler geometry is that the associated {\em generalised} metric tensor $\tilde g$ (also called {\em fundamental tensor}) has a dependence on the directions. More precisely, at any point $p$ of a spacetime $\tilde M$ there are infinitely many scalar products $\tilde g_v$, o... |
1,108,101,565,210 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Quantum Cellular Automaton (QCA) is the quantum version of the popular cellular automaton of von
Neumann \cite{neumann1966theory}. It describes the finite evolution of a discrete set of quantum
systems, each one interacting with a finite number of neighbors via the unitary transformation of
... |
1,108,101,565,211 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Momentum methods play a crucial role in numerous areas, including machine learning~\cite{Lin2020}, signal processing~\cite{beck2009fast}, and control~\cite{Qu}.
Typical momentum techniques, including heavy-ball method~(HB)~\cite{polyak1964some} and Nesterov's accelerated gradient method~(NAG)~\c... |
1,108,101,565,212 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The mechanism of the particle production in proton-proton
collisions was studied continously for five decades.
Pions and kaons are belived to be produced in the fragmentation
process. The Lund string model is state of art in this context.
On the other side quarkonium production at high energies ... |
1,108,101,565,213 | arxiv | \section*{References}%
\begin{quotation}\mbox{}\par}
\def\refer#1\par{{\setlength{\parindent}{-\leftmargin}\indent#1\par}}
\def\end{quotation}{\end{quotation}}
{\noindent\small{\bf Abstract:}
The maximum mass of a neutron star (NS) is poorly defined. Theoretical attempts to define this mass have thus far been unsucces... |
1,108,101,565,214 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The concept of two dimensional (2D) Dirac materials began with graphene~\cite{Novoselov2004,castro2012,Novoselov1379,Novoselov2012,Novoselov2004,castro}
which was not only a big step in entering the 2D world but also a playground for 2+1 dimensional quantum field theories. When the Dirac theory
c... |
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