uuid int64 541B 3,299B | dataset stringclasses 1
value | text stringlengths 1 4.29M |
|---|---|---|
1,108,101,566,615 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recently, the E989 experiment at Fermilab has measured the anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of muon, $a_\mu$ = $(g - 2)_\mu/2$, showing a discrepancy with respect to the theoretical prediction of the Standard
Model (SM) \cite{Abi:2021gix}
\begin{eqnarray}
a^{\rm FNAL}_\mu = ... |
1,108,101,566,616 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
First described by \citet{Baade34} as the "transition of an ordinary star into a neutron star", core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are the powerful explosions of massive stars that occur at the end of their lives \citep[e.g.,][]{Bethe90}. Upon reaching its maximum mass, the iron core becomes unsta... |
1,108,101,566,617 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The advent of the LHC era has led to renewed interest in extensions of the
Standard Model which have a strongly-coupled symmetry-breaking (Higgs) sector.
The most promising of these theories are the so-called Technicolor theories
\cite{Weinberg:1979bn,Susskind:1978ms}. These are QCD-like theorie... |
1,108,101,566,618 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The Hyperspherical Harmonics (HH) basis set has been extensively used
to describe bound states and scattering processes
in $A=3,4$ systems~\cite{report}. One of the main reasons of using the
HH basis resides in its flexibility, however it suffers from a large
degeneracy, which, up ... |
1,108,101,566,619 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\newcommand{ \mu}{ \mu}
\newcommand{ \lambda}{ \lambda}
\newcommand{ C_0 }{ C_0 }
\newcommand{ \varphi}{ \varphi}
\newcommand{ \kappa}{ \kappa}
\newcommand{ \varepsilon}{ \varepsilon}
\newcommand... |
1,108,101,566,620 | arxiv | |
1,108,101,566,621 | arxiv | \section{Scrap / Things That Weren't Needed}
\subsubsection{A Node-Weighted Version of The FRT Cutting Scheme}
In order to give our deterministic construction we must unpack the black box of the \citet{fakcharoenphol2004tight} cutting scheme.
The \citet{fakcharoenphol2004tight} cutting scheme given metric $(... |
1,108,101,566,622 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
Soon after the discovery of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs),
it was realized that some bursts are repeating.
The localization of these objects, called
Soft Gamma-Ray Repeaters (SGRs), showed that they
are located in the local group
(Cline et al. 1980; Evans et al. 1980; Mazets \& Go... |
1,108,101,566,623 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and summary}
The quasi-particle concept serves as a camouflage of interaction
in many-body systems. The aim is to explain a macroscopic system
in equilibrium as an ensemble of noninteracting and countable
units called "quasi-particles". Non-equilibrium may then be
described by a kinetic theory fo... |
1,108,101,566,624 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, Quantum Information Theory has played the role of a melting pot for various branches of physics. In the context of high energy theory, a motivation to understand the application of complexity to quantum field theory arises from attempts to apply the AdS/CFT duality in certain bla... |
1,108,101,566,625 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Casimir effect is one of the most interesting macroscopic manifestations
of the nontrivial structure of the vacuum state in quantum field theory
(see, e.g., \cite{Mostepanenko,Plunien,Milton,Bordag1} and references
therein). The effect is a phenomenon common to all systems characterized by
f... |
1,108,101,566,626 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent Dirac quantization of the first class constrained systems
\cite{Dirac} has many attractive features. The quantum theory can be
constructed through defining the physical states which are annihilated
by the operators of the first class
constraints, and then, taking the mean value of t... |
1,108,101,566,627 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In an increasingly globalized and connected world in which the population and urbanization grows over the years, the pressure for more efficient and sustainable road freight increases due to the greater demand for different types of products. Road freight plays a fundamental role in global logist... |
1,108,101,566,628 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}\label{sec:introduction}
The graph automorphism problem asks whether a given input graph has a non-trivial automorphism. In other words the task is to decide whether a given graph is asymmetric. This computational problem is typically seen in the context of the graph isomorphism problem, which ... |
1,108,101,566,629 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\input{Introduction}
\section{Setting}\label{sec:model}
\input{Setting}
\section{Methods}\label{sec:method}
\input{Estimator}
\section{Asymptotics}\label{sec:asymp}
\input{Asymptotics}
\section{Applications}\label{sec:appl}
\input{Applications}
\section{Simulation}
As a proo... |
1,108,101,566,630 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
During the first stages of star formation, highly collimated jets from
new born stars influence the physical structure of the hosting
cloud by sweeping up material, compressing and accelerating the
surrounding environment. The propagation of high velocity
outflows generates
shock fronts triggeri... |
1,108,101,566,631 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{M}{any} applications in Machine Learning, big data analysis, search engines, and network routing require massive parallelism. As the amount of data to be analyzed continues to grow, power dissipation and data transfer between memory and processing units have limited the scalability... |
1,108,101,566,632 | arxiv | \section*{QCD and antiferromagnets}
There are three reasons to investigate two-dimensional QED with
massive fermions: \cite{HHI1}
\begin{equation}
{\cal L} = - \hbox{$1\over 4$} \, F_{\mu\nu} F^{\mu\nu} +
\sum_{a=1}^N \psi \kern-.65em\raise.6em\hbox{$-$} _a \Big\{ \gamma^\mu (i \partial_\mu - e A_\mu) -
m_a \Big\... |
1,108,101,566,633 | arxiv |
\section{Proof nets: dynamics}
\label{s:pn-dynamics}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering\ovalbox{
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\begin{tabular}{c|ccc}
\myinput{imm-B-rule}&\myinput{imm-red-weakening}
\end{tabular}
\\\hline
\myinput{imm-pure-contraction}
\end{tabular}
}
\caption{proof nets cut-elimination rules\label{fig:rew-rules... |
1,108,101,566,634 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nonlinear optics is commonly used to extend the spectrum covered by lasers over unaccessible
regions \cite{dunn99}. For instance, second harmonic generation now is a well established process
applied in frequency conversion, and with continuous wave diode lasers typically it is implemented
inside... |
1,108,101,566,635 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spectra of radiation from ultra-relativistic electrons in finite targets often contain appreciable edge effects. One of the common known
examples is transition radiation on discontinuities of dielectric susceptibility, and its interference between the boundaries of a traversed plate
\cite{G... |
1,108,101,566,636 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Since the work of Zakharov and Shabat \cite{ZS}, the dressing
techniques have played an important role in the theory of classical
integrable systems. These techniques have been developed by Drinfeld
and Sokolov in \cite{DS} in the framework of affine Toda field
theories. Later, Feigin and one o... |
1,108,101,566,637 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
In many microscale and nanoscale systems, electrolytes play a central role in collective interactions, equilibrium phase behaviors, and kinetics~\cite{SquiresQuakeFluidicsReview2005,
KirbyBook2010,BazantBookChapter2011}. This includes transitions in the stability of coll... |
1,108,101,566,638 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}
{2.3ex \@plus .2ex}
{\normalfont\large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}
... |
1,108,101,566,639 | arxiv | \subsubsection{Recursion}
Now we extend the set of dependent variables $f$, $b$, and $w$ by the
symmetry generators
$F$, $B$, and $W$ that satisfy the linearized relations
upon the flows of the initial super\/-\/fields, respectively.
In this setting, we obtain the recursion
\begin{equation}\label{RecBurgers}
\mathcal... |
1,108,101,566,640 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The past few years have witnessed significant advances in speech synthesis and voice conversion technologies, and recently emerged adversarial attacks, such that even humans may not be capable to distinguish the real users’ speech from the synthesised speech \cite{wu2015asvspo... |
1,108,101,566,641 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The paradigm of accretion in young stellar objects (YSO) has shifted from a
model of constant mean accretion rate to that favouring short events of intense
accretion \citep{vorbas06,vorbas15,zhu09}.
This shift is largely to address the issue of the `protostellar luminosity ... |
1,108,101,566,642 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\label{intro}
In recent years there has been great interest in finding alternative theories to General Relativity (GR) \cite{beyond, capo1}, mainly due to the inability of the
latter to explain satisfactorily some fundamental issues associated with the gravitational inte... |
1,108,101,566,643 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Study about the fundamental forces like gravity is one of the main subjects of the elementary particle physics, which help us to the understanding of nature and hence physics laws. As we know, the gravity in (2 + 1)-dimensional space-time is a very important topic of theoretical physics which usu... |
1,108,101,566,644 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Coherence refers to the properties of a text that indicate how meaningful (sub-)sentential constituents are connected to convey document-level meaning. Different theories have been proposed to describe the properties that contribute to discourse coherence and some have been integrated with comput... |
1,108,101,566,645 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Designing effective test suites requires a significant effort that dramatically affects both testing and development costs, with a relevant impact on the software development schedule, the project deadlines, and ultimately the quality of the final product.
\begin{change}The recent advances in a... |
1,108,101,566,646 | arxiv | \section{}
Whistler waves are ubiquitous in the space environment and have been observed in the magnetotail
\cite{VKV14}, ionosphere \cite{MS16}, solar wind \cite{GSP94},
other planets \cite{HMH95,OR95} and numerous laboratory experiments \cite{Stenzel99}.
Some of the earliest observations of whistler waves were cor... |
1,108,101,566,647 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consider the Schr\"odinger equation, $i \partial_{t} u +\Delta u=0$, on $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, with initial datum
$u(\cdot, 0) = u_{0}$, and
Carleson's problem of identifying
the exponents $s > 0$ for which
\begin{equation}\label{CarlesonProblem}
\lim_{t\to 0} u(x , t) = u_{0}(x), \qquad \text... |
1,108,101,566,648 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Photodegradation is an inherent problem of materials that are used for high-light-intensity applications such as organic lasing media\cite{dyuma92.01,popov.98.01} or materials for use in nonlinear-optical devices.\cite{zhang98.01,galvan20.01} Peng first observed the recovery of fluorescence afte... |
1,108,101,566,649 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Noise from surfaces is a major source of decoherence for quantum systems, including trapped ions~\cite{theBible,Turchette2000,Brownnutt2015}, superconducting qubits~\cite{Wenner2011,Wang2015}, Rydberg atoms~\cite{PhysRevA.88.043429}, nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond~\cite{Kim2015,PhysRevB.93.... |
1,108,101,566,650 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
Colloids and molecules with anisotropic shapes and interactions play a significant role in
condensed matter physics, specially in the design of self-assembled structures~\cite{Roh05, Klapp16}.
Particularly, Janus colloids are characterized as particles composed by at least... |
1,108,101,566,651 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:1}
\IEEEPARstart{W}{ith} the rapid development of wireless communication networks,
improving the spectrum efficiency with limited physical resources has become an
urgent call for B5G/6G communication systems. One of the key technologies to
solve this problem is the non-orthogonal m... |
1,108,101,566,652 | arxiv |
\section{Thoughts for future work}
Appropriate choice of a metric to evaluate a rollout is crucial for learning the intention of the user. A poor choice of metrics may lead to inherited bias and the possibility of reward hacking by the policy. An option to mitigate this would be to use humans or a hybrid of metric an... |
1,108,101,566,653 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper aims at presenting the shared tasks and the datasets of the eighth BioASQ challenge in 2020, as well as at providing an overview of the participating systems and their performance.
Towards this direction, in section~\ref{sec:tasks} we provide an overview of the shared tasks, that took ... |
1,108,101,566,654 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Mass, charge radius, lifetime, electric (magnetic) transition probability, and deformation are among the most fundamental observables for the many-body nuclear system.
A systematic analysis of these data have been successful in bringing forth a global picture of the atomic nuclei.
For example,... |
1,108,101,566,655 | arxiv | \subsection{Quark masses}
\label{sec:qm}
\newcommand{\ensuremath{f_{\pi, \rm PDG}}}{\ensuremath{f_{\pi, \rm PDG}}}
\newcommand{\text{MeV}}{\text{MeV}}
In the Standard Model (and many extensions), quark masses and the CKM matrix all stem from Higgs-Yukawa couplings between the quark
fields and the Higgs doublet.
It is... |
1,108,101,566,656 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Essential aspects of the glass transition of the supercooled liquids remain still
elusive despite of decades of study.
Many theories and scenarios have been proposed to explain
the dramatic slow down of the systems and the
associated growing cooperative length scales near the glass trans... |
1,108,101,566,657 | arxiv |
\section{Convex codes in dimension 1 and 2}
Megan K Franke and Samuel Muthiah \cite{franke2018every} worked on convex codes and wanted to give an explicit relation between convex and open convex codes. They gave the following conjectures \ref{conMFSM1} and \ref{conMFSM2} stated below:
\begin{conjecture}\cite[Conjectu... |
1,108,101,566,658 | arxiv | \section{Fully frustrated systems}
\label{sec1}
In the last few decades there has been a considerable interest in the
consequences of frustration on the critical behavior of statistical systems.
The simplest example is the antiferromagnetic Ising model on a triangular
lattice, whose Hamiltonian is
\begin{equation}
{... |
1,108,101,566,659 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\begingroup
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{equation}}
Consider isometric immersions of
$\tilde{\Sigma}^n(c)$ into $\tilde{\Sigma}^{n+1}(c)$,
where $\tilde{\Sigma}^m(c)$ denotes the simply connected
$m$-dimensional space form of constant sectional curvature $c$.
Such immersions are only cy... |
1,108,101,566,660 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
With the advent of deep learning, increasing computational power, and massive datasets, we have been able to achieve better accuracy in many domains. Even though deep learning is applied widely in the food industry, object detection on traditional Indian cuisine remains uncharted territory.
A fo... |
1,108,101,566,661 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most intriguing systems in string theory
is that of $r$ overlapping NS5 branes
\cite{Strominger:1996ac}
in the decoupling limit.
The world-volume theory of an isolated NS5 brane in type IIA
is given by a $N=(0,2)$ supersymmetric theory in six-dimension, and
it therefore involves s... |
1,108,101,566,662 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Image segmentation is a fundamental process in several medical applications. Diagnosis, treatment, planning and monitoring, as well as pathology characterization, benefit from accurate segmentation. In this paper we are interested in brain sub-cortical structures located at the f... |
1,108,101,566,663 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It was James Clerk Maxwell who first used the quaternionic
algebra by Sir William Rowan Hamilton to deal with
electrodynamic equations. Since then, the areas of applying of
quaternions steadily extend. Bi-quaternion algebra, that is the
algebra by William Kingdon Clifford in 2-dime... |
1,108,101,566,664 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An understanding of the gauge and other symmetries in string theory
is of the utmost importance in understanding the physical significance
of strings. This is lacking at the moment. From a practical point
of view we would like the symmetries to be manifest in the computational
scheme also. ... |
1,108,101,566,665 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Semiconductor nanowires emerged a few years ago as promising thermoelectric devices~\cite{Hicks1993}. In comparison to their bulk counterparts,
they provide opportunities to enhance the dimensionless figure of merit $ZT=S^2\sigma T/\kappa$, which governs the efficiency of thermoelectric
convers... |
1,108,101,566,666 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An interesting recent development in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics is to study the motion of ``probes'' in contact with a nonequilibrium environment \cite{simi,jsp,stef,carlo}. The probe can be a colloid, a real additional particle immersed in the bath or, more abstractly, the probe can a... |
1,108,101,566,667 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:introduction}
The RWI (Lovelace \& Hohfeld 1978, Toomre 1981,
Papaloizou \& Pringle 1984, 1985) is a non-axisymmetric hydrodynamic shear instability
associated with axisymmetric extrema of vortensity (Lovelace et
al. 1999, Li et al. 2000). The localized extremum behaves as a potentia... |
1,108,101,566,668 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Discovery strategies for light, color singlet technipions
at hadron colliders have been investigated.
As pointed out by Eichten and Lane\cite{eichtenlane}
they can be copiously produced through $s$-channel
technirho production:
$$ q \overline q^\prime \to \rho^\pm_{T} \to V_1 V_2 $$
where $V_1 V... |
1,108,101,566,669 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Galaxy discs have been known to follow an exponential decline in the radial surface brightness since the study by \citet{freeman1970}. Disc formation is thought to be closely connected to the initial formation of galaxies, the exponential nature being a result of comparable time-scales for visco... |
1,108,101,566,670 | arxiv |
\subsection{Fluent Speech Synthesis Algorithm}
\section{Credits}
This document has been adapted by Yulan He
from the instructions for earlier ACL and NAACL proceedings, including those for
ACL 2020 by Steven Bethard, Ryan Cotterrell and Rui Yan,
ACL 2019 by Douwe Kiela and Ivan Vuli\'{c},
NAACL 2019 by Stephan... |
1,108,101,566,671 | arxiv | \section{\label{intro} Introduction}
M dwarfs are main sequence stars with masses ranging from $0.6\,M_{\odot} \geq M_{*}\geq\,0.08\,M_{\odot}$, radii between $0.6\,R_{\odot}\geq R_{*}\geq\, 0.1\,R_{\odot}$, and $T_\mathrm{eff}$ from $3800\,K\geq T_\mathrm{eff}\geq\,2300\,K$ \citep{delfosse2000accurate}. They are the ... |
1,108,101,566,672 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is a biomedical imaging
technique that creates images that are sensitive to the direction and distance
of water diffusion within millimeter-scale voxels in the human brain \emph{in
vivo}. Repeated in several different directions, diffusion s... |
1,108,101,566,673 | arxiv | \section{Longitudinal Observations}
We first show the number of papers published at ISCA
in Figure~\ref{fig:iscaNumberOfSubmissions}, where we observe
an increase in the number of papers published in 1980s and then in 2010s. Highest peak is observed in 1992 and 2018. It would be interesting to see if the number of pa... |
1,108,101,566,674 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
{}~~~~~The belonging of solutions to a certain function space
is a characteristic property for studying the asymptotic
behavior of solutions of differential equations.
Many works are concerned with the connection between the properties
of solutions and stability.
We name here the monographs [1-3... |
1,108,101,566,675 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The large scale computation has become an important tool in modern day sciences.
The applications of such calculations involve wide range of fields ranging from
atmospheric physics to quantum computing. {\sc Grids} offer a new dimension in existing
large scale computer infrastructure. Generally ... |
1,108,101,566,676 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nuclear deformation is one of the typical
collective motions in nuclear systems.
It is known that ground states of nuclei often have static deformations
in the intrinsic states, which are regarded as spontaneous symmetry breaking of the rotational invariance
due to collective correlations. ... |
1,108,101,566,677 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The theory of the harmonic analysis on homogeneous spaces is closely
connected with the theory of special functions. This is apparent,
for example, on the two dimensional sphere $S^2=\SO(3)/\SO(2)$,
where the harmonic analysis with respect to the action of the
orthogonal group is contained in th... |
1,108,101,566,678 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For minimal surfaces there exist different approaches to define them, for example as solution of Plateau's problem. In 1970 Lawson proved a correspondence between isometric surfaces in spaceforms: For example, each $H$-surface (mean curvature $H\equiv1$) in $\mathbb{R}^3$ corresponds isometrical... |
1,108,101,566,679 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An experienced optician can detect low-order aberrations by looking at
the defocused image of a point source, and it is trivial to obtain
defocused images with modern telescopes equipped with CCD detectors.
Yet, measurements of low-order aberrations including focus are still
made by i... |
1,108,101,566,680 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Geometrically frustrated lattices have crucial impacts on the emergence of exotic electronic states
in strongly correlated systems~\cite{poiblanc1,Aoki}, examples are triangular layered
cobaltates $\mathrm{Na_xCoO_2}$~\cite{co}, anisotropic triangular
lattice $\mathrm{Cs_2CuCl_4}$~\cite{Cs} a... |
1,108,101,566,681 | arxiv | \section{}
Phonon-mediated particle detectors~\cite{enss:2008a} (often defined ``bolometers'') have nowadays important applications in neutrino physics,~\cite{giuliani:2012a,nucciotti:2014a} dark-matter searches~\cite{pirro:2017a} and rare nuclear decay investigations.~\cite{belli:2019a} They also provide outstanding ... |
1,108,101,566,682 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The study of absorption lines in the spectra of high redshift Quasi-Stellar Objects (QSO) is a fundamental tool for Cosmology \citep{meiksin09, mcquinn16}. Along the lines of sight to these powerful light beacons, every parcel of the intervening gas selectively absorbs waveleng... |
1,108,101,566,683 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-0.25cm}
\paragraph{Motivation.}
Pedigrees are useful for disease association~\cite{Thornton2007},
linkage analysis~\cite{Abecasis2002}, and estimating recombination
rates~\cite{Coop2008}. Most of these calculations involve the
pedigree likelihood which is formulated using probabilities ... |
1,108,101,566,684 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The current standard model of cosmology was recently confirmed analysing the precise cosmic microwave background (CMB)
radiation data measured by the Planck satellite~\citep{Planck18}.
The 6-parameters cosmological model that best fits the observational data, from CMB radiation and other cosmo... |
1,108,101,566,685 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper presents an application and slight extension of the recent work on \emph{barriers} in constrained nonlinear systems, see \cite{DeDona_siam,EsterhuizenPHDThesis,Ester_Lev_arxiv}. Given a pendulum on a cart with the rigid bar replaced by a massless cable, we aim at designing a control la... |
1,108,101,566,686 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent
Letting \ ($\Omega, \mathcal A, P)$ \ be a probability space$,$ and \ $K$ \ be an integer such that \ $K \geq 2,$ \ we consider random variables \ $X_1 , \cdots , X_K$ with values in Euclidean vector spaces \ $\mathcal{X}_1 , \cdots , \mathcal{X}_K$ \ respectively. We suppose t... |
1,108,101,566,687 | arxiv | \section{Conclusions}\label{Conclusions}
In this paper, we have proposed a visual approach for the recognition of dynamic 3D hand gestures through the use of convolutional neural network models. The pipeline that we propose acquires data (on file or in real-time) from a Leap Motion sensor, it performs a representation... |
1,108,101,566,688 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Bismuth Germanate ($\mbox{Bi}_4\mbox{Ge}_3\mbox{O}_{12}$) crystals,
commonly known as BGO, have been extensively used for
electromagnetic(EM) calorimetry in high energy
physics experiments\cite{l3,topaz,cmd2}.
Advantages of BGO are its excellent $e/\gamma$ energy
resolution (0.3 -- 1 \%/$\sqrt(E... |
1,108,101,566,689 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\mathbb{R}^{k}$ be real $k-$dimensional space, if $w\in\mathbb{R}^{k}$, then $|w|_{E}$ denotes the Euclidean norm of $w.$
Let $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ , $N\geq 2$ is a bounded domain with boundary
$\partial \Omega$ of class $C^{\infty}$. Let $g\in C^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{k},\mathbb{R}^{k}),$ $... |
1,108,101,566,690 | arxiv | \section{Preliminaries}\label{sec1}
This work will employ techniques and terminology from Banach lattice theory. For
terminology which is not explained below, we refer the
reader to~\cite{AB}.
In this work the word ``operator'' will be synonymous
with ``linear operator.'' An operator $T\colon X\to Y$ between two... |
1,108,101,566,691 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since the discovery of $J/\Psi$, many charmonium and charmonium-like states have been observed~\cite{pdg12}. In these states, most of them are confirmed as $c\bar c$ charmonium states, some of them do not fit the predicted features of $c\bar c$ charmonium. Especially, in the past few years, some ... |
1,108,101,566,692 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
The statistical treatment of experimental results
obtained in a Poisson process with background and a small signal
is difficult and controversial.
Two methods are accepted by the Particle Data Group~\cite{PDG98}:
the Bayesian Method and the Unified Approach,
which is a frequ... |
1,108,101,566,693 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The advent of mobile devices and mobile networks triggered a new services named location-based services (LBS). LBS systems enable service providers (SPs) to provide users with accurate services based on their geographical locations. Nowadays, increasing number of users use LBS... |
1,108,101,566,694 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Intro}
In this work, we consider the Nielsen-Olesen vortex, a $2+1$-dimensional abelian Higgs model, non-minimally coupled to Einstein gravity with and without cosmological constant. Compared to previous work on the effects of gravity on vortices \cite{Cadoni, Rich, Ariel, Albert} the new ... |
1,108,101,566,695 | arxiv |
\section{Benchmarking of polarized PDF evolution}
\label{sec:apppdfevol}
We have benchmarked our implementation of the evolution of polarized
parton densities by
cross-checking against the
Les Houches polarized PDF evolution benchmark
tables~\cite{Dittmar:2005ed}. Note that in
Ref.~\cite{Dittmar:2005ed}
the ... |
1,108,101,566,696 | arxiv | \section{Proofs}
\setcounter{theorem}{0}
\begin{theorem}[\citet{lee2019tight}] For any $f: \mathbb{R}^d \rightarrow [0,1]$ and parameter $\lambda \in \mathbb{R}^{+}$, define:
\begin{equation}
p({\bm{x}}) := \mathop{\mathbb{E}}_{\epsilon \sim {\mathcal{U}}^d(-\lambda,\lambda)} \left[f({\bm{x}} + \epsilon)\right].
... |
1,108,101,566,697 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Berry curvature is of fundamental importance for understanding some basic properties of
solid materials and is essential for the description of the dynamics of
Bloch electrons~\cite{Di2010,vanderbilt_2018}.
It acts as a magnetic field in momentum space, which leads to some anomalous transport ef... |
1,108,101,566,698 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Observational studies are commonly adopted to evaluate the impact of policy changes. One limitation in using a pre-and-post design is the need for control for the underlying time trend\cite{bib1}. To overcome the bias issue from an underlying time-trend, Ashenfelter and Card in 1985 proposed the ... |
1,108,101,566,699 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magnetic small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a powerful tool for investigating nonuniform magnetization structures on a mesoscopic length scale ($\sim 1-300 \, \mathrm{nm}$) inside magnetic materials (see Ref.~\cite{rmp2019} for a recent review). An advantage of the SANS technique, compared... |
1,108,101,566,700 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
High contrast imaging surveys of stars constitute one of the foremost methods to find and study brown dwarfs
and extrasolar planets. Their results complement our knowledge on these populations drawn from the objects
detected by transit, radial velocity and other techniques. Mo... |
1,108,101,566,701 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently there is an increasing interest in the Gauss-Bonnet
theory with a scalar field to look for possible theoretical
explanation to some cosmological problems such as acceleration of
the universe \cite{noj1}. Accelerated cosmological solutions were
first suggested in \cite{odin1}, \cite{od... |
1,108,101,566,702 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The description of
the correlation functions for the models solved by means of Bethe
ansatz is based on the representation for the correlators as the
Fredholm determinants of linear integral operators. Such
representations were obtained for the first time in \cite{l1,l2} for
the simplest two po... |
1,108,101,566,703 | arxiv | \section*{Word Counts}
\begin{abstract}
Considering collaborative innovation in patent development, we provide micro-level evidence of knowledge spillovers.
Knowledge embodied in a patent is proxied by word pairs appearing in its abstract, while novelty is measured by the frequency with which these word pairs have... |
1,108,101,566,704 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Distributed estimation algorithms are usually built on a given sensor network for a complex system, aiming at estimating an unknown global system parameter vector cooperatively by the distributed sensors. Each sensor in the network is taken as a node which can only observe partial data of the wh... |
1,108,101,566,705 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Intro}
Magnetic fields play a crucial role in several high-energy
astrophysical scenarios at different scales, from Active Galactic
Nuclei (AGN) to Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs).
These
phenomena involve compact objects such as neutron stars (NSs) and black holes (BHs) and therefore any attempt ... |
1,108,101,566,706 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Cosmological mergers of galaxy clusters, AGN jets, galactic winds, and galaxy interactions drive
turbulence in the plasma filling the
intracluster medium (ICM), and this turbulence would be able to amplify weak seeds of
magnetic fields up to intensities of $\sim \mu G$, according to cos... |
1,108,101,566,707 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are frequently used to transcribe meetings, calls, or dictated notes.
Most ASR models are trained to predict all lowercase or all uppercase transcripts without any punctuation.
Lack of text formatting makes it more difficult to read an... |
1,108,101,566,708 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-2mm}
In the last decade, distributed optimisation \cite{Boyd11ADMM} has drawn increasing attention due to the demand for massive-data processing and easy remote access to ubiquitous computing units (e.g., a computer or a mobile phone) over a network. Its basic principle is to allocate t... |
1,108,101,566,709 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
\section{Discussion}
\section{Introduction}
Predictive analytics has become an increasingly hot topic in higher education.
In particular,
predictive-analytics tools have been used
to predict various measures of student success (e.g., course completion, retention, and degree attainment) by mappi... |
1,108,101,566,710 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{S1}
In 1987 LeBrun\footnote{As discussed in the paper by A.\,C.\ Ferreira in this volume, the same result
was established in 1953 by A.\,Blanchard \cite{B} using the ideas anticipating twistors.
The proofs of \cite{B,LeB} are reviewed there.}
\cite{LeB} proved the following restricted... |
1,108,101,566,711 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Star formation is a violent process, even in low-mass protostars ($L_{\rm bol}$ $<$ 100 L$_\odot$). X-rays and UV radiation from the accreting star-disk system illuminate the inner, dense envelope while the protostellar jet and wind impinge on the same inner envelope, causing shocks into dense g... |
1,108,101,566,712 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Stars more massive than $\sim 8$ M$_\odot$ end their lives in a core-collapse supernova (CCSN). Some of these massive stars lose their hydrogen and/or helium envelopes before explosion, either through winds or interaction with a binary companion (e.g., \citealt{Heger03, Smith1... |
1,108,101,566,713 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To guarantee the security of large projects, companies usually deploy various bug checking tools in the development process. Parfait~\cite{cifuentes2008parfait} is such a static code analysis tool designed for large-scale codebases to find security and quality defects in C/C++, Java, Python, an... |
1,108,101,566,714 | arxiv | \section{Section Heading}
\section{Introduction}
Despite early discoveries of OB stars and molecular gas in the
outer Milky Way (MW; e.g., \citealt{fich84, brand88}), not much attention
had been paid to molecular gas
in galaxy outskirts primarily because there was a notion that
virtually no star formation occurs the... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.