uuid int64 541B 3,299B | dataset stringclasses 1
value | text stringlengths 1 4.29M |
|---|---|---|
1,108,101,566,815 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{An overview}
There are many well known and important numerical invariants in the context of dynamical systems,
including for example entropy, Lyapunov exponents, and the Hausdorff dimension of invariant sets.
Even in the context of uniformly hyperbolic systems, many of these invarian... |
1,108,101,566,816 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Suppose $M$ is a $n$-dimensional non-compact complete connected Riemannian
manifold, the Riemannian path space $C_{o,T}(M)$ over $M$ is defined by
$$C_{o,T}(M):=\{\gamma\in C([0,T];M):\gamma(0)=o\},$$
where $T$ is a positive constant and $o \in M$.
Let $d_M$ be the Riemannian distance on $... |
1,108,101,566,817 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s:HPH}
The higher Hochschild homology is a bifunctor introduced by T.~Pirashvili in~\cite{pirash00} that
to a topological space (simplicial set) and a (co)commutative (co)algebra assigns a graded vector space.
Informally speaking this functor is a way to \lq\lq integrate\rq\rq{} a (co)a... |
1,108,101,566,818 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The question of whether there is one universe or a collection of different
ones in a multiverse is inherently inhomogeneous, and therefore requires any
quantum cosmological treatment to go beyond the common minisuperspace
constructions. It remains extremely difficult to address in theories such ... |
1,108,101,566,819 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The Goldstone boson equivalence theorem \cite{Cornwall:1974km,Lee:1977eg,Chanowitz:1985hj} states that the dynamics of massive gauge bosons is greatly simplified at energies far above the bosons' mass---but below the symmetry breaking scale---when a description based purely in ... |
1,108,101,566,820 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The Riemann zeta function $\zeta(s)$ is one of the most important and fascinating functions in mathematics. When the complex number $s$ has $\Re(s) > 1$, we have
$$ \zeta(s) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^s} = \prod_{\text{primes} \; p} \Bigl(1 - \frac{1}{p^s} \Bigr)^{-1} , $$
and already from... |
1,108,101,566,821 | arxiv | \section{Preliminaries}
\newcommand{\V}{\mathcal{V}}
\newcommand{\U}{\mathcal{U}}
Let $K$ be a finite field of size $\card{K}= q$ and let $W$ be a vector space over $K$ of dimension greater than one. Let $m$ be a positive integer and let $V_i, U_i \subseteq W$ be vector spaces, where $i \in \myset{m}$.
Re... |
1,108,101,566,822 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
While the synchronous stochastic gradient descent (SSGD) remarkably reduces the training time of the large-scale DNN on the complex dataset by allocating the overall workload to multiple workers, it is additionally required to synchronize local gradients of the workers to keep the convergence of ... |
1,108,101,566,823 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The notion of a $\Gamma$-set is a fundamental constituent in mathematics: it is the most embracing generalization of the datum given on a set by a commutative addition with a zero element and it provides a common framework for many of the present efforts to understand the ``field with one elemen... |
1,108,101,566,824 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\paragraph{Motivation} A problem of fundamental importance in the study of harmonic analysis is the classification of irreducible complex admissible representations of $G(F)$ where $F$ is a non-archimedean local field, and $G$ is a reductive group over $F$. The local Langlands correspondence, a ... |
1,108,101,566,825 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. We call $|V|$ the {\it order} of $G$ and $|E|$ the size of it. If $|V|=n$, we call $G$ an $n$-vertex graph.
Given a family $\mathcal{F}$ of graphs, a graph $G$ is said to be {\em $\mathcal{F}$-saturated} if $G$ does not contain a subgraph isomorphic to any member $F\in\... |
1,108,101,566,826 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Given a graph $G$ with $n$
vertices and $m$ edges, does $G$ contain
a \emph{triangle} (a
cycle with three vertices)?
This is one of the most basic
algorithmic questions in graph
theory, and many other problems
reduce to it~\cite{ItaiRo78,WiWi18}. The best known algorithms
use fast matrix ... |
1,108,101,566,827 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper is primarily concerned with the estimation of additive energies of regular measures (in the sense of Ahlfors and David, localized to specific ranges of scales) on Euclidean spaces $\R^d$. We recall the key definitions. If $x \in \R^d$ and $r>0$, we let $B(x,r) = B^d(x,r) \coloneqq \... |
1,108,101,566,828 | arxiv | \section{introduction - }
\section{Introduction: Adaptive Behaviour Modeling for Ga\-me Theory}
Since the five last decades, game theory has become a major aspect in economic
sciences modelling and in a great number of domains where
strategical aspects has to be involved.
Game theory is usually defined as a ... |
1,108,101,566,829 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
``Natural systems are undeniably subject to random fluctuations, arising from either environmental
variability or thermal effects"\cite{sagu2007}. In the past several decades, how the noise affects the collective behavior of the self-organized systems which are shaped by the interplay of determ... |
1,108,101,566,830 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:introduction}
\textsc{Scrabble} has been played for a long while in various settings, e.g. as a friendly game among friends or household members, in competitive matches and also as a language learning tool. Using game refinement theory \cite{paper:mathematical_theory_of_game_refine... |
1,108,101,566,831 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
\def\theequation{1.\arabic{equation}}\makeatother
\setcounter{equation}{0}
This paper is a second part devoted to the study of the following nonlinear elliptic partial differential
equation with zero Dirichlet boundary condition
\begin{equation}\label{problem}
\begin{align... |
1,108,101,566,832 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The COVID-19 Pandemic has fundamentally changed society’s perspective~\cite{hughes2010origin} on common spaces (e.g., airports, schools, commercial establishments). The 'new normal` has heralded a new age of technological innovations, from contact tracing, telemedicine to newer screening methods... |
1,108,101,566,833 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
In the past few decades, large-scale surveys have played a huge role in
advancing our understanding of the universe, and these surveys have produced
enormous reservoirs of data that astronomers regularly access. However, tools
for accessing these reservoirs are heterogeneous and often only avai... |
1,108,101,566,834 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The current state of asteroid distribution resulted from many incidents in the past: the radial transference triggered by gas giants movements, the catastrophic disruptions among asteroids, mixing of asteroids, solar radiation induced radial scattering, and gravitational interferences through re... |
1,108,101,566,835 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A plasma is a collection of fast-moving charged particles and is one of the four fundamental states of matter. Plasmas are the most common phase of ordinary matter in the universe, both by mass and by volume. Essentially, all of the visible light from space comes from stars, which are plasmas ... |
1,108,101,566,836 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:introduction}INTRODUCTION}
The interaction of ultrashort (fs-ps) intense laser pulses with solids is relevant to a wide area of research ranging from high-harmonic generation \cite{Shambhu,Vampa,You,Ndabashimiye,Morimoto} to material machining \cite{Zhigilei,Ilday,Audouard,Betz,Schmidt,Tiinnermann,... |
1,108,101,566,837 | arxiv | \section{Experiments}
The polycrystalline samples were synthesized by using a two-step
solid state reaction method. Firstly, the starting materials
bismuth powder (purity 99.5$\%$, Alfa Aesar) and sulfur powder
(purity 99.99$\%$, Alfa Aesar) were mixed in a ratio of 2:3,
ground and pressed into a pellet shape. T... |
1,108,101,566,838 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Stark operator $H_0$ is a self-adjoint operator on $L^2(\mathbb{R})$ given by the potential $v(x)=-x$:
\begin{equation}\label{Gu}
H_0u=-u^{\prime\prime}-xu.
\end{equation}
The operator describes a charged quantum particle in a constant electric field.
The Stark effect (named after Jo... |
1,108,101,566,839 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
\indent As it is well known, one can distinguish two regimes in the phase
separation process following the formation of nuclei. The initial stage is
the growth of these nuclei by the condensation of solute on their surface.
The second stage is known as the {\it Ostwald Ripening (OR) \/} process... |
1,108,101,566,840 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The solar photosphere and chromosphere are highly dynamic and exhibit a wealth of magnetic structures and phenomena. The underlying processes operate on small spatial and temporal scales and are a consequence of fundamental interactions between plasma, magnetic fields, and radia... |
1,108,101,566,841 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Josephson effects in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) receive considerable attention in experimental and theoretical studies as a prominent manifestation of quantum coherence on a macroscopic scale.
These effects have been initially studied for coupled condensates in double-well traps \ci... |
1,108,101,566,842 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
The third observational run (O3) of the aLIGO and VIRGO consortium identified
numerous gravitational-wave (GW) events, the majority of which are
binary black-hole (BBH) mergers. Over the past decades a large body
of theoretical studies was done in order to identify the ev... |
1,108,101,566,843 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Thermal rectification~\cite{starr1936,terraneo2002a,RevModPhysLibaowen} is a kind of anomalous heat transfer phenomenon, in which the heat flux prefers to flow in one direction with higher thermal conductivity.
It has been got much attention since its first experimental observation by Starr~\cit... |
1,108,101,566,844 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The formation, fragmentation and dynamical evolution of molecular clouds is still a matter of debate, with the astrophysical community divided among those favouring short evolutionary time scales set by turbulence \citep[e.g.][]{Hartmann2001, Hartmann2012} and those who take into account magne... |
1,108,101,566,845 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
Recurring events which have a large impact on the system and are infrequent and irregular are known in the literature as extreme events.~\cite{ansmann2013extreme, karnatak2014route}. Due to their occurrence in a large class of physical systems~\cite{RevModPhys.73.1067, Feigenb... |
1,108,101,566,846 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Call-by-value is a common evaluation strategy of many functional programming
languages, whether full-fledged or fragments of proof assistants. Such
languages and their evaluation strategies can be formalised operationally in
terms of an underlying lambda calculus and its reduct... |
1,108,101,566,847 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For carbon dioxide (CO$_2$), being an important industrial chemical, numerous
interaction potentials (IPs) have been proposed, surpassed perhaps only by
water in the amount of computer attention it has attracted among the molecular
models. There are the parametric fits to the {\em ab initio} pote... |
1,108,101,566,848 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Research activities towards the understanding of how to characterize and control matter away---especially very far away---from equilibrium
experience a rapid growth during the past few years. New advances in the experimental front call for the theoretical physics community to rise to a computa... |
1,108,101,566,849 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The classical mechanics (CM) of Newton gives a deterministic
description of objects (particles, bodies) supposed to have a reality in an
inertial frame of the Galilei space-time centered on an inertial
mathematical observer playing no dynamical role beyond defining Cartesian
coordinates. T... |
1,108,101,566,850 | arxiv | \section{Supplementary Online Material for:\\Evolution of $c$-$f$ hybridization and a two component Hall effect in {$\beta$-YbAlB$_4$}}
\section{Methods}
Single crystals were grown using Al flux method \cite{macaluso2007crystal}.
We performed Hall effect measurements of several single crystals of {$\beta$... |
1,108,101,566,851 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many theorists now believe that there is a unified framework for
all string theories, which also accomodates $d=11$
supergravity \cite{CJS}. Much of the evidence for this elusive
theory, called ``M-Theory'' \cite{M}, is based on recent work
on duality symmetries in string theory which suggests... |
1,108,101,566,852 | arxiv | \section*{I. INTRODUCTION}
\end{center}
Quantum teleportation deals with the transfer of information from
one remote location to another without physical transport of the information
or measurement on either side to confirm and verify the information
content [1]
. It rests on the quantum correlations for which there ar... |
1,108,101,566,853 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
It has been known for a long time that the target space geometry of the sigma model is intimately related with the number
of supersymmetries it possesses. In particular, Bruno Zumino showed that $(2,2)$ supersymmetry in $D=1$ requires the bosonic
part of a Lagrangian to be a K\"ahler manifold \c... |
1,108,101,566,854 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $a_{1},\dots,a_{r},z_{1},\ldots,z_{r}\in\mathbb{C}$ be parameters with $\Re(a_{1}),\Re(a_{1}+a_2),\dots,\Re(a_1+\cdots+a_{r})>0$, $|z_{1}|,\ldots,|z_{r}|\le1$, and $z_1,\ldots,z_r\neq0$.
For $s_{1},\dots,s_{r}\in\mathbb{C}$ with $\Re(s_1),\ldots,\Re(s_r)>1$, the Hurwitz-Lerch multiple
zet... |
1,108,101,566,855 | arxiv | \section{Finite Clusters for the Exact Diagonalization Calculations}
In the main text and the supplementary information we have presented results of exact diagonalization (ED)
and finite temperature Lanczos method (FTLM) calculations. The finite clusters are shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:lattices}, they are frequently referr... |
1,108,101,566,856 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Galaxy clusters play a significant role in the study of the large-scale particle acceleration process. These clusters are a concoction of dark matter, galaxies, and hot gas. The hot gas in the Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM) takes upto 15 - 17\% of cluster total mass (\citealt{vanwe... |
1,108,101,566,857 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgment}
We would like to thank Rohun Kulkarni and Margaret Tung for helping with data collection. Ajay Mandlekar acknowledges the support of the Department of Defense (DoD) through the NDSEG program. We acknowledge the support of Toyota Research Institute (``TRI''); this article solely reflects the
op... |
1,108,101,566,858 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Predicting the behavior of discrete dynamical systems is, in general,
both the ``most wanted'' and the hardest task. Moreover, the
difficulty does not decrease when considering finite phase spaces.
Indeed, when the system is not solvable, numerical simulation is the
only possibility to compute f... |
1,108,101,566,859 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main result}
Adaptive time-stepping finite element methods (AFEM) for evolutionary PDE usually lead to a sequence of timesteps and meshes, which yield a partition of the time interval $0=t_0 < t_1 < \dots < t_N = T$ and one triangulation $\mathcal{T}_i$ for each time interval $[t_{i-1},t_i)... |
1,116,691,496,960 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nonclassical states are important resources for quantum information processing and probing fundamental properties of quantum mechanics~\cite{Dodonov02,Braunstein05}. A wide range of states have been studied in the literature, most notably in optical-based systems, including Fock states~\cite{Wak... |
1,116,691,496,961 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{I}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
Academia is undergoing profound change.
All over the world, positions of leadership and senior management within universities are becoming professionalised.
Whereas in times gone by, such positions were typically occupied by senior academics, having pr... |
1,116,691,496,962 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The \emph{Columbia plot}, of which we show in \figurename~\ref{fig:scenariosCP} two possible versions based on current findings, encapsulates our still very limited knowledge about the order of the thermal phase transition in QCD as function of the two light (assumed deg... |
1,116,691,496,963 | arxiv | \subsection{Canonical suppression}\label{sec:strangeness:canonical}
The abundances of strange particles in heavy-ion collisions are compatible with those of a hadron gas in thermal and chemical equilibrium and can be described using a grand canonical statistical model~\cite{Cleymans:2006xj,Andronic:2008gu}.
Extensions ... |
1,116,691,496,964 | arxiv | \section{Shear cell design}
The shear cell is composed of two parallel microscope slides, which are sand-blasted (rms roughness $1\um$) to prevent slipping, except for a small window of diameter $\approx 2~\mathrm{mm}$ to probe optically the sample. For light scattering experiments, the spacing between the two slides ... |
1,116,691,496,965 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One point of view of understanding D-branes is that they are
solutions of string field theory equation of motion. Different
solutions of string field theory equation of motion represent
different two dimensional conformal field theory (CFT)
backgrounds. Inspired by the Schnabl's analytic constr... |
1,116,691,496,966 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The study of scattering amplitudes has played a central role in the
development of theoretical physics, and has led to some of the most precise predictions in all of
science~\cite{Aoyama:2012wj,Aoyama:2017uqe,Laporta:2017okg}.
These predictions have traditionally been m... |
1,116,691,496,967 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since the discovery of cosmic acceleration in 1998 \cite{1538-3881-116-3-1009,0004-637X-517-2-565}, considerable efforts have been devoted in cosmology to understand the physical mechanism responsible for it. The $\Lambda$CDM model interprets the acceleration of the universe as a consequen... |
1,116,691,496,968 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:introduction}
The classical Lehmer conjecture says that there is an absolute
constant~$C>0$ such that if~$\a\in{\bar{\QQ}}^*$ is a not a root of unity,
then its absolute logarithmic height satisfies
\[
h(\a) \ge \frac{C}{\bigl[\mathbb{Q}(\a):\mathbb{Q}\bigr]}.
\]
Various authors h... |
1,116,691,496,969 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Low-dimensional factor models are commonly used in many fields to account for latent variables in a panel dataset.
Conditions for identification in low-dimensional factor models have been derived in \cite{AndersonRubin1956}.
These conditions indicate problematic points in the parameter spa... |
1,116,691,496,970 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and plan of the paper}
The objective of this paper is to study potential examples of {\it twisted holography}, in the sense of \cite{Mezei:2017kmw,Costello:2017fbo,Costello:2018zrm,Ishtiaque:2018str}.
All our examples will take the form of some collection of protected SCFT correlation functions ... |
1,116,691,496,971 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Integrable systems have been the interest of many branches in mathematics and physics. They have many applications in real life, for example in optical fiber, vortex filaments, ocean and water waves, and gravitational fields \cite{KangXia2019}-\cite{Osborne2010}.
The Korteweg deVries, nonlinear S... |
1,116,691,496,972 | arxiv | \section{#1}\indent}
\documentclass[12pt,epsf]{article}
\usepackage{amssymb,amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\setcounter{MaxMatrixCols}{10}
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnar... |
1,116,691,496,973 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The relationship between gas, metals and dust that defines the
interstellar medium (ISM), plays a central role in the properties of
star-formation, and in the appearance, evolution and ultimate fate of
galaxies. However the basic quantitative relationship between gas, metals
and dust is still ... |
1,116,691,496,974 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\{e_n\}_{n=0}^\infty$ be a linearly dense sequence of unit vectors in a Hilbert space $\mathcal H.$
Define
{\setlength\arraycolsep{2pt}
\begin{eqnarray*}
x_0&=& \langle x,e_0\rangle e_0,\\
x_n&=& x_{n-1}+ \langle x- x_{n-1},e_n\rangle e_n.
\end{eqnarray*}
The formula is called the Kaczmarz ... |
1,116,691,496,975 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The identification of \emph{time-varying} linear systems
is a fundamental problem in many engineering applications.
Concrete examples include radar and the identification of dispersive communication channels.
In this paper, we study the problem of identifying a system $H$ whose response $y = H... |
1,116,691,496,976 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
After formation of a young star and its circumstellar disk due to the gravitation collapse of the protostellar cloud the process of accretion of matter from the nearest surrounding the star can continue and have a form of the clumpy accretion. \citet{1992PASP..104..479G} was pr... |
1,116,691,496,977 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=8.5cm]{motivation.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{A comparison between Mod-Squad\xspace and MoE ViT.} Our key motivation is that experts should
leverage commonalities in some tasks (cooperation) but focus on a subset of tasks ... |
1,116,691,496,978 | arxiv | \section*{1. Introduction}
Quantum tunneling from a metastable state through a potential
barrier is a fundamental nonlinear phenomenon occuring in many
branches of the physical sciences \cite{landau,schulman,kramers,melnikov,hanggi,barone,larkvar,okuda,bao}.
The standard semiclassical approach to metastability has bee... |
1,116,691,496,979 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Up to 20\% of patients undergoing abdominal surgery develop
chronic pain due to post-operative adhesions \cite{van_der_wal_adhesion_2011}.
Recently, cine-MRI has been introduced as an effective method to detect these
adhesions non-invasively \cite{lang_cine-mri_2008}.
Non-invasive detection play... |
1,116,691,496,980 | arxiv | \section{From Proofs of Paths to Proofs of Programs} \label{sec:alg}
In this section, we describe how \textsc{SplInter}\xspace constructs a proof
of correctness (i.e., unreachability of the error location $v_{\rm e}$) of a program $\mathcal{P} = \tuple{V,E,v_{\rm i},v_{\rm e}}$ from proofs of individual paths.
We note... |
1,116,691,496,981 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
$E_6$ inspired models are well motivated extensions of the Standard
Model (SM). Indeed, supersymmetric (SUSY) models based on the $E_6$
gauge symmetry or its subgroup can originate from the ten--dimensional
heterotic superstring theory \cite{1}. Within this framework gauge and
gravitational an... |
1,116,691,496,982 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Linear recurrence equations have been widely used in several areas of applied mathematics and computer science.
In applied science,
they can be used to model the future of a process that depends linearly on a
finite string, for instance:
in population dynamics to model population size and str... |
1,116,691,496,983 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The interplay between magnetism and metallicity in the copper oxygen plane
structure of the cuprates is at the origin of the great interest which has
been devoted to their high temperature superconductivity. Such an interplay
has been also found recently in the lamellar cobaltates Na$_{x}$CoO$_{... |
1,116,691,496,984 | arxiv | \section{Effective Spin-Spin Interactions} \label{Effective-spin-spin-interactions}
In this section, we analytically derive the expression for the effective coupling $J_{ij}=g_ig_j/\omega_1$, as presented in the main text (MT).
\textit{General results.---}We have introduced the effective spin-spin interaction as
\begi... |
1,116,691,496,985 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, a deluge of different interconnection networks have been proposed to address the critical role of communication in modern HPC systems \cite{besta2014slim,lei2020bundlefly,hawkins2007data,kim2008technology,shpiner2017dragonfly+,singla2012jellyfish,valadarsky2015xpander}.
To eff... |
1,116,691,496,986 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
By the end of 2013, researchers found out that DNN models are vulnerable to well-crafted malicious perturbations. Szegedy et al. \cite{szegedy2014intriguing} were the first to recognize the prevalence of adversarial cases in the context of image classification. Researchers have shown that a slig... |
1,116,691,496,987 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Algebraic Manipulation Detection (AMD) Codes \cite{AMD} protect messages against additive adversarial tampering, assuming the codeword cannot be ``seen" by the adversary.
In AMD codes,
a message is encoded to a codeword that is an element of a
publicly known group $\cal G$. The codeword is s... |
1,116,691,496,988 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
A ubiquitous problem in machine learning, statistics, and signal processing is to accurately estimate an unknown sparse vector from a few noisy linear measurements. This estimation problem, which we refer to as \emph{sparse coding}, is at the heart of the field of compressed sen... |
1,116,691,496,989 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Engineering single-photon sources with high efficiency, purity, and indistinguishability is a longstanding goal for applications such as linear optical quantum computation \cite{carolan2015}, boson sampling \cite{wang2019}, quantum networks \cite{yin2017} and quantum metrology \cite{slussarenko... |
1,116,691,496,990 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There have been a considerable body of literatures devoted to the study of perturbed stochastic differential equations(SDEs), see \cite{CPY}-\cite{GY1},\cite{PW},\cite{YZ}. Let $(\Omega, \mathcal{F}, \{\mathcal{F}_{t}\}_{t\geq 0},\mathbb{P})$ be a filtered probability space with filtration$\{\mat... |
1,116,691,496,991 | arxiv | \section{Motivation and Background}
Fueled by increasingly available user data, growing computing power, and recent advances in machine learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies are transforming our society and daily lives. However, users' negative preconceptions of AI may hinder adoption and continued use ... |
1,116,691,496,992 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
In the context of star formation and evolution, understanding the physics of young low-mass stars is essential. Such stars possess strong magnetic fields that regulate the transfer of mass and angular momentum to and from the circumstellar disk, via accretion and outflow phenomena.... |
1,116,691,496,993 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Neurobiologists have long pursued an understanding of the emergent phenomena of nervous systems, such as the neuronal basis for choice and behavior. Much research on neuronal systems grapples with the complex dynamics of interactions among multiple neurons. New techniques, such as calcium imagi... |
1,116,691,496,994 | arxiv |
\subsection{Program prior}\label{program-prior}
DreamCoder defines the prior over programs as a probabilistic context free grammar (PFCG; \citealt{johnson1998pcfg}) for programs generated as productions from a library $\mathcal L$ of functions $l \in \mathcal L$ \footnote{In addition to initial and learned function... |
1,116,691,496,995 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The point scatterer, namely the Laplacian with a delta potential, on a
two-dimensional flat manifold is a popular model in the study of the
transition between chaos and integrability in quantum systems. In 1990
Seba \cite{Seba} considered this operator on a rectangle with
irrational aspect ratio ... |
1,116,691,496,996 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\gls{rl} solves sequential decision making problems by utilizing a trial-and-error approach guided by a reward signal. \gls{rl} has achieved tremendous successes, especially in beating humans in games \citep{silver2018alphazero, jaderberg2019pbt_ctf} and robotics \citep{levine2016e2e_visuomotor}... |
1,116,691,496,997 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are three basic approaches to estimating the smoothness of Generalized Additive Models within a penalized likelihood framework. The first is to develop an efficient GCV (Craven and Wahba, 1979) or AIC (Akaike, 1973) based smoothness selection method for the simple (i.e. non-generalized) ad... |
1,116,691,496,998 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Decades of research on core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) have not accomplished full understanding of the explosion mechanism yet.
One of the most important issues in supernova theory is the dynamics of shock wave in the stellar core. In fact, it is widely accepted that the pr... |
1,116,691,496,999 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Graphene \cite{Novoselov05,CastroNeto07}, a two-dimensional carbon
based material forming a honeycomb lattice, has attracted a lot of
attention since its experimental isolation has been proved possible
\cite{Novoselov04,Berger04}. It is a gapless
semiconductor in which, near half filling, electr... |
1,116,691,497,000 | arxiv | \section{Symmetry properties of bands}
\end{document}
|
1,116,691,497,001 | arxiv | \section{#1}
\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\def\mathbb{C}{\mathbb{C}}
\def\mathbb{Z}{\mathbb{Z}}
\begin{document}
\title[Bellman's equations with VMO coefficients]
{On Bellman's equations with VMO coefficients}
\author{N.V. Krylov}
\thanks{The work was partially supported by
NSF Grant DMS-0653121}
\email{krylov@mat... |
1,116,691,497,002 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Geodesic motion in a Schwarzschild field is one of introductory exercises in general relativity. The motion being completely integrable and planar (usually laid at $\theta=\pi/2$), its exact solution is mostly expressed as a $\phi(r)$ dependence. However, this involves elliptic integrals \citep{... |
1,116,691,497,003 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
In recent years, numerous studies have applied factor models combined
with the Bayesian framework to analyze gene expression data, and their
results often show an improvement in the identification and estimation
of metagene groups and patterns related to the underlying biology; ... |
1,116,691,497,004 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Anomaly-free matter coupled supergravities in six dimensions
naturally arise in $K3$ compactification of Type I and heterotic
string theories \cite{Green:1984bx}. Owing to the fact that $K3$ has
no isometries, all of the resulting $6D$ models are ungauged in the
sense that the $R$-symmetry grou... |
1,116,691,497,005 | arxiv | \section*{\label{presence}Material that can Sediment to the Surface of Titan}
To avoid any ambiguity, we reserve the term ``aerosols'' to solid particles that make the thick hazy layer of Titan.
This photochemical haze
extends roughly from the surface up to about $1000$ km altitude {\cite{west_etal_2014}} and it i... |
1,116,691,497,006 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In Figure \ref{fig:teaser}, one person has a mistaken belief about their environment. Can you figure out who is mistaken? You likely can tell the woman is about to sit down because she incorrectly believes the chair is there. Although you can see the complete scene, the character inside the scen... |
1,116,691,497,007 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Summary}
Recently there has been considerable interest in the metric-scalar gravity in
four dimensions from various point of view.
Our point of view is that such a fundamental theory of quantum gravity is
either a string theory or another theory like it.
We will not resolve this issue.
Furth... |
1,116,691,497,008 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Double pomeron exchange (DPE) processes are expected to extend
the physics program at the LHC not only due to the possible Higgs
boson detection but also because of the possibility to study broader range
of QCD physics and diffraction \cite{sensitivityHiggs, Royon:2003ng, higgsInDPE, susy,
H... |
1,116,691,497,009 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Probabilistic model evaluation and selection is an important task in statistics and machine learning, particularly when multiple models are under initial consideration. In the non-Bayesian literature, models are typically compared using out-of-sample performance criteria such as cross-validatio... |
1,116,691,497,010 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let ${\mathbb F}_q$ be the finite field of $q$ elements
and
of characteristic $p$, with $p\ge 3$.
For a function $f:{\mathbb F}_q \to {\mathbb F}_q$, we define
the functional graph of $f$ as a directed graph ${\mathcal G}_f$ on $q$ nodes
labelled by the elements of ${\mathbb F}_q$ where
there i... |
1,116,691,497,011 | arxiv | \section*{1. Introduction.}
Colombeau algebras of generalized functions~\cite{c1, c2, MObook} are differential algebras
that contain the vector space of Schwartz distributions as a linear subspace,
and the space of smooth functions as
a faithful subalgebra. Initially discovered in the context of infinite-dimensiona... |
1,116,691,497,012 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Social networks shape the way people think. Individuals' private opinions can change as a result of social influence and a well-placed minority view can become what most people come to believe \citep{Stewart2019}.
There is also a natural tendency for people to connect to individuals simila... |
1,116,691,497,013 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\par
{\color{black}
Throughout this paper,
let $n$ (resp., $S^n$) be a positive integer
(resp., the unit sphere in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$).
For any point $P\in S^n$, let $H({\color{black}P})$
be the closed hemisphere centered at $P$,
namely, $H(P)$ is the set consisting of $Q\in S^n$... |
1,116,691,497,014 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background}
Many control systems, particularly those arising from mechanical systems, have symmetries---often translational and rotational, and sometimes combinations of them.
Such a symmetry is usually described as an invariance or equivariance under an action of a Lie group, and the... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.