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1,314,259,993,963 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\vspace{\baselineskip}
\par The visualization of internal organs of small animals {\it in vivo} has become one of the main tasks in preclinical studies over the last decade~\cite{1,2,3}. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) allows obtaining tomographic images of th... |
1,314,259,993,964 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we prove potential automorphy theorems for $n$-dimensional $l$-adic and residual representations of the absolute Galois group of an imaginary CM field.
The precise statement of the theorem for residual representations is as following.
\begin{theorem}
\label{1.1}
Suppose $F$ is... |
1,314,259,993,965 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The COVID-19 disease was initially spotted in December of 2019 in Wuhan, China, and was detected worldwide shortly after that \cite{i1}. In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) stated its outbreak as a public health emergency and global concern, and later, a pandemic in March of 2020... |
1,314,259,993,966 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The physical characteristics of hadrons are encoded in various
correlation functions of corresponding quark currents. One of
the most important characteristics is the hadron mass. The
calculation of a hadron mass from first principles consists in
finding the relevant pole of two-point corr... |
1,314,259,993,967 | arxiv | \section{Main results}
We start by listing our main results. To simplify the definitions,
here we concentrate on the case of CSS codes; more general results are
given later in the text along with the corresponding proofs.
\subsection{Definitions}
\ A classical binary linear code\cite{MS-book}
$\mathcal{C}$ with param... |
1,314,259,993,968 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{B}{iofilms} can be defined as bacterial cities where communicating bacteria live together. A biofilm mainly consists of a bacterial population and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). They are related to negative effects on human health, since they can cause infection or antibi... |
1,314,259,993,969 | arxiv | \section{\uppercase{Introduction}}
\label{sec:introduction}
\noindent In recent years, we have seen convolutional neural networks (CNN) dominate benchmark after benchmark for computer vision since the 2012 ImageNet competition breakthrough \cite{krizhevsky2012imagenet}. These methods prosper with an abundance of label... |
1,314,259,993,970 | arxiv |
\section{Analysis}\label{sec:ana}
\input{Tables/Table_ratio}
We report two of the results on reaction prediction on USPTO\_STEREO\_separated dataset on Figure~\ref{fig:case_2}.
We describe the details of our proposed approaches step by step.
The textual sequences of reactants in the source side are... |
1,314,259,993,971 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Graph neural networks (GNNs), and the field of geometric deep learning, have seen rapid development in recent years \cite{hamilton2020, bronstein2021G5} and have attained popularity in various fields involving graph and network structures. Prominent examples of GNN applications ... |
1,314,259,993,972 | arxiv | \section*{INTRODUCTION}
Two of the simplest quantum systems are the qubit and the harmonic oscillator (oscillator for brevity). Their controlled interaction is realizable in a multitude of
settings. These include cavity-quantum electrodynamics (QED), where atomic qubits interact with electromagnetic fields \cite{Haroch... |
1,314,259,993,973 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum entanglement \cite{Einstein} plays a key role in many potential applications in quantum information and computation \cite{Bennett1,Bennett2,Bostrom,Gisin,Zukowski}. The optimal success of a quantum communication protocol can be ascertained by use of maximally entangled states as resource... |
1,314,259,993,974 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ever since Wheeler discussed ``it from bit"~\cite{whee90}, there has been great
interest in what constraints on the properties of the universe can be derived using some appropriate
mathematical formulation of information. Some of this work relies on Shannon information theory~\cite{caticha2011e... |
1,314,259,993,975 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since neutrino from Supernova were observed [1], neutrino astronomy
started. An astronomical observation using neutrino could supply a new
information which is not obtained by light. However neutrino interacts
with matter so weakly that event rate is extremely small. High
luminosity and en... |
1,314,259,993,976 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
For the study of chaotic dynamics and dimension of attractors
the concepts of the Lyapunov exponents \cite{Lyapunov-1892}
was found useful and became widely spread
\cite{GrassbergerP-1983,EckmannR-1985,ConstantinFT-1985,AbarbanelBST-1993}.
Such characteristics of chaotic behavior, as
the Lyapuno... |
1,314,259,993,977 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\vspace{-2mm}
Sound event detection (SED), as a fundamental task to recognize the acoustic events, has achieved significant progress in a variety of applications, such as unobtrusive monitoring in health care, and surveillance.
Recently, Deep Neural Network (DNN) based methods s... |
1,314,259,993,978 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
One of the most important recent discoveries in particle physics is
the observation of neutrino oscillations in atmospheric\cite{1002.3471},
solar\cite{1109.0763}, reactor\cite{1009.4771} and accelerator
\cite{hep-ex/0212007,1103.0340} neutrino experiments. Neutrino oscillati... |
1,314,259,993,979 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The escape fraction of ionizing photons, $f^{\rm ion}_{\rm esc}$, represents one of the key parameters describing cosmic reionization \citep[e.g.][]{HH03,Cen03,WL03,Mitra}. Observational constraints on $f^{\rm ion}_{\rm esc}$\hspace{1mm} are still weak \citep[see Fig~13 of][]{S... |
1,314,259,993,980 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Future wireless networks define a very challenging environment for mobility management (MM) solutions, due to the significant increase in density (in terms of both users and deployed access points), in heterogeneity (given the various radio access technologies (RATs) supported), as well as in pr... |
1,314,259,993,981 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
In the study of bioinformatics, one important problem is the prediction of clinical outcomes using profiling datasets with a large amount of variables such as gene expression data. In such datasets, major challenges lie in the relatively small number of samples compared to th... |
1,314,259,993,982 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\bm{X}\sim N_p(\bm{\theta},\bm{\Sigma})$ where $p\geq 3$, $\bm{\theta}=(\theta_1,\dots,\theta_p)^{\mkern-1.5mu\mathsf{T}} $ and
$\bm{\Sigma}=\mathrm{diag}(\sigma^2_1,\dots,\sigma^2_p)$.
Let us assume
\begin{equation}\label{sigma_descending}
\sigma_1^2> \sigma^2_2 > \dots > \sigma^2_p.
\end... |
1,314,259,993,983 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
The authors thank O. Dial, B. Halperin, V. Manucharyan, and J. Sau for helpful discussions. This work is supported by the Center for Integrated Quantum Materials (CIQM) under NSF award 1231319 (LSL and OS) and the U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and En... |
1,314,259,993,984 | arxiv | \section*{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec:introduction}
Polynomials in $d$ noncommuting indeterminates can naturally be evaluated on $d$-tuples of square matrices of any size. The resulting function is graded (tuples of $n\times n$ matrices are mapped to $n\times n$ matrices) and preserves direct sums and similarities. Alo... |
1,314,259,993,985 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgment}
We would like to thank M. Sasai, S. Takada and G. Chikenji for critical reading of the manuscript and valuable comments.
The present work is partially supported by IT-program of Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, The 21st Century COE program named
"Towards a new ba... |
1,314,259,993,986 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multi-vehicles driving on the road is a complex interactive game problem \cite{xiaoming2010study,li2006cooperative}.
It requires each vehicle to decide driving strategy considering surrounding vehicles in real-time.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a driving control model which can make deci... |
1,314,259,993,987 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
At the workshop in combinatorial games in BIRS 2011, Aviezri Fraenkel posed the following intriguing problem: find nice (short/simple) rules for a 2-player combinatorial game for which the $\mathcal{P}$-positions are obtained from a pair of complementary Beatty sequences \cite{Be}. We begin by so... |
1,314,259,993,988 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
In current scenarios of planet formation, a small planetary body grows into a full-sized planet by accreting smaller bodies that might vary in size from pebbles to planetesimals \citep{Ormel2010, Lambrechts2012, Johansen2017, Bitsch2018, Bitsch2019, Liu2019, Bruegger2020... |
1,314,259,993,989 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{introduction}
\section{Materials and methods}
\input{method}
\section{Results}
\input{results}
\section{Discussion}
\input{discussion}
\section{Conclusion}
\input{conclusion}
\section*{Acknowledgments}
This work was sponsored by Varian Medical Systems. The authors would like to than... |
1,314,259,993,990 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\indent Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants such as adaptive momentum estimation (Adam) \cite{kingma2014adam} have become popular optimization methods for training deep neural networks. These methods split a dataset into multiple batches and then optimize them sequentially by gradi... |
1,314,259,993,991 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dimensionality reduction and manifold learning are used for feature extraction from raw data.
A family of dimensionality reduction methods is metric learning which learns a distance metric or an embedding space for separation of dissimilar points and closeness of similar points. In supervised m... |
1,314,259,993,992 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In \cite{Cra}, T.A. Crawford showed that if $E \leq 5 |d|+10$, the
subset $\mbox{\rm Harm}_{d,E} (\CC P^2)$ of the space of harmonic maps from
$S^2$ to $\CC P^2$ consisting of those maps of degree $d$ and
energy $4\pi E$ can be given the structure of a complex manifold
and that this manifold is ... |
1,314,259,993,993 | arxiv | \section*{Background/Introduction}
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) provides insights into myocardial structure and function noninvasively, with high diagnostic accuracy and without ionising radiation. Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) has become the reference standard for non-invasive imaging of myocardial scar... |
1,314,259,993,994 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{his} demo file is intended to serve as a ``starter file''
for IEEE journal papers produced under \LaTeX\ using
IEEEtran.cls version 1.8b and later.
I wish you the best of success.
\hfill mds
\hfill August 26, 2015
\subsection{Subsection Heading Here}
Subsection text here.
\... |
1,314,259,993,995 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $n$ be a positive integer, $I=[a,b]$ a bounded segment of the real line, of length $L=b-a$. Define ${\mathcal D}^n(I)$ as the set of real functions $f$ defined on $I$, with successive derivatives $f^{(k)}$ defined and continuous on $I$ for $0 \leqslant k \leqslant n-1$, and $f^{(n)}$ define... |
1,314,259,993,996 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
In \cite{Cohl12pow} and~\cite{CTRS}
(see also~\cite{Cohlerratum12}),
we
present some def\/inite integral and inf\/inite series addition
theorems which arise from expanding fundamental solutions of
elliptic equations on ${\mathbb R}^d$ in axisymmetric coordinate systems
which... |
1,314,259,993,997 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Several unification schemes merging gravity and the standard model
of strong and electroweak interactions predict the existence of
short-range forces with coupling strength of the order of
Newtonian gravity \cite{Giudice}.
Efforts to evidence a {\sl fifth force} have been envisaged
regardles... |
1,314,259,993,998 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the standard $SU(2) \times U(1)$ gauge model
for the electroweak interactions,
the Yukawa couplings of the fermions
to the unique scalar $SU(2)$ doublet of the model
are completely arbitrary---as a matter of fact,
those couplings make up almost all the free parameters
of the Standard Model (S... |
1,314,259,993,999 | arxiv | \section{Credits}
\section{Introduction}
Abstract Meaning Representation (\textsc{amr}) is a semantic representation language to map the meaning of English sentences into directed, cycled, labeled graphs \cite{banarescu2013abstract}.
Graph vertices are concepts
inferred from words. The concepts can be represented ... |
1,314,259,994,000 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Object detection is one of the most fundamental tasks in computer vision. The performance of object detection has been significantly improved due to the rapid progress of deep convolutional neural networks~\cite{alexnet,vggnet,googlenet,he2016deep,bath_norm,resnext,senet,shufflenet,squeezenet,mo... |
1,314,259,994,001 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
\noindent
Algebras endowed with a bracket satisfying the Jacobi identity are
currently used extensively in the formulations of classical and
quantum theories. For example, the formulations of Classical
Mechanics and Classical Field Theory are based on symplectic
manifolds e... |
1,314,259,994,002 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Free-Electron Laser (FEL) is a proven source of high-power tunable radiation over a wide spectral range into the hard X-ray~\cite{McNeil xray}, where its output is transforming our ability to investigate matter and how it functions, in particular in biology~\cite{xfelsci}. In addition to the ... |
1,314,259,994,003 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{s_intro}
The recent combined stellar structure and atmosphere ({\em CoStar}) models
for massive stars of Schaerer et al.~ (1996a, b, hereafter Paper I and II)
consistently treat the stellar interior, photosphere and wind
using up-to-date input physics.
An immediate advantage of this a... |
1,314,259,994,004 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the near future the LHC will begin its third run of data collection with the aim of doubling the luminosity collected so far during the two previous runs. While Run-1 allowed the discovery of the Higgs boson, no new physics has yet emerged from Run-2 and chances are faint to get big surprise... |
1,314,259,994,005 | arxiv | \section{3pt}{3pt plus 2pt minus 2pt}{1pt plus 1pt minus 1pt}
\pdfminorversion=6
\newcommand{\arabic{algorithm}}{\arabic{algorithm}}
\usepackage[accepted]{icml2021}
\renewcommand{\algorithmiccomment}[1]{#1}
\icmltitlerunning{HEMET: A Homomorphic-Encryption-Friendly Privacy-Preserving Mobile Neural Network Architec... |
1,314,259,994,006 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sctn:introduction}
The space $\mathcal{M}_k(N,\chi)$ of modular forms of level $\Gamma_0(N)$, weight $k$ and nebentypus $\chi$ splits into the direct sum of the Eisenstein subspace $\mathcal{E}_k(N,\chi)$ and the space of cusp forms $\mathcal{S}_k(N,\chi)$. It is straightforward to comput... |
1,314,259,994,007 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{B}{lind} identification of information signals' parameters of a transmitter from received signals has important applications both in military and civilian communication systems. In the context of military applications, this parametric knowledge can help an attacker to carry out e... |
1,314,259,994,008 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wavelet theory has been known a great succes since the eitheenth of the last century. It provides for function spaces as well as time series good bases allowing the decomposition of the studied object into spices associated to different horizons known as the levels od decomposition. A wavelet ba... |
1,314,259,994,009 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we continue to investigate the optical spectra of galactic infrared (IR) sources
identified with highly evolved stars at the short-lived post-asymptotic giant branch (post--AGB)
evolutionary stage, at which intermediate-mass (3$\div8 \mathcal{M}_{\sun}$) stars rapidly pass into
... |
1,314,259,994,010 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
For practical application of machine learning algorithms, usually not only the original features,
but also their interactions play an important role.
However, taking all the interactions into consideration will lead to an extremely high-dimensional input.
For example, ev... |
1,314,259,994,011 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\newcommand{\addtocounter{section}{1} \setcounter{equation}{0}{\addtocounter{section}{1} \setcounter{equation}{0}
\section*{Appendix \Alph{section}}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\newcommand{\tr}[1]{\mbox{\raisebox{-2.7mm}{$\stackrel{\displaystyle{\rm... |
1,314,259,994,012 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Image inpainting is a task that complete a missing region in an image using information from the valid regions.
We can remove unwanted objects, text, or scratches via image inpainting techniques.
Following rapid development of deep-learning-based imaging algorithms, most of the... |
1,314,259,994,013 | arxiv | \section{\indexname}]%
\thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
\parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
\let\item\@idxitem}
{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
\makeatother
\makeatletter
\let\o@verbatim\verbatim
\def\verbatim{%
\ifhmode\unskip\par\fi
\ifx\@c... |
1,314,259,994,014 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
When an electron current flows perpendicular to a magnetic field through a conducting medium, the charges are forced to deviate to one side creating an imbalance which results in a measurable electric potential conveying important information about the material. A device based on this, so-called ... |
1,314,259,994,015 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
Sit-to-stand transitions are an important part of activities of daily living and play a key role in functional mobility in humans. The sit-to-stand movement is often affected in older adults due to frailty and in patients with motor impairments such as Parkinson's disease leading to falls. Studying... |
1,314,259,994,016 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Inspired by the recent paper \cite{Totaro} of Totaro, we investigate the relationship between ampleness of restrictions of line bundles to general complete intersections and the vanishing properties of higher cohomology groups. This train of thought will eventually lead us to a generalization ... |
1,314,259,994,017 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Artistic painting has achieved significant progress during recent years thanks to the appearing of hundreds of GAN variants \cite{gan_survey1_DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2006-05132, gan_survey2}. However, adversarial training has been reported to be notoriously unstable and can lead to mode collapse.... |
1,314,259,994,018 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Since the pioneering work by~\cite{Stommel1961} on a conceptual model of the thermohaline circulation, the problem of the stability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) has become one of the main issues in climate research.
A collapse of the AMOC is... |
1,314,259,994,019 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{s.Introduction}}
The plant hormone auxin plays a fundamental role in plant development \citep{Reinhardt,Reinhardt2}, and its spatial distribution
in plants tissues is critical for plant morphogenesis. Auxin accumulation is spatially
localized in specific set of cells, where it induces the... |
1,314,259,994,020 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The study of the scan statistics dates back\footnote{ Naus himself cites even earlier work in the 1940's by \citet{silberstein1945xliii}, \citet{berg1945xliv}, and \citet{mack1948xc}.} to \citet{naus1965distribution}, who derived the probability that an interval of a certain length contains a ce... |
1,314,259,994,021 | arxiv | \section{\bf INTRODUCTION}
A pseudoscalar gluonium candidate, the so-called $E/\iota(1440)$, was
observed in $p\bar{p}$ annihilation in 1967~\cite{baillon67} and in
$J/\psi$ radiative decays in the
1980's~\cite{scharre80,edwards82e,augustin90}. After 1990, more and
more observations revealed the existence of two reson... |
1,314,259,994,022 | arxiv | \section*{References}
|
1,314,259,994,023 | arxiv | \subsection*{Raman coherence in a harmonic potential}
The coherence of an atomic ensemble can be accessed via a Ramsey experiment. Two $\pi/2$ pulses are applied to atoms initially in the ground state $\ket{1}$ of a two-level system, with a time delay $t$ in between. Immediately after the first pulse the internal atom... |
1,314,259,994,024 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
A simultaneous embedding of two planar graphs embeds each
graph in a planar way---using the same vertex positions
for both embeddings. Edges of one graph are allowed to intersect edges of
the other graph. There are two versions of the problem: In the
first version, called \em... |
1,314,259,994,025 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\indent\indent The recent discovery of the top quark \cite{TOP} has
focused attention on top-quark physics. With the advent of
accelerators able to produce copious numbers of top quarks, a
comparison of the top quark's observed properties with those predicted
by the Standard Model promi... |
1,314,259,994,026 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}\label{intro}
\section{Introduction}
Although it has been around for over a century, margarine was not
always the preferred tablespread in the United States. In 1930, per
capita consumption of margarine was only 2.6 pounds (vs. 17.6 pounds
of butter). Times have changed for the better, though ... |
1,314,259,994,027 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{sec:intr}}
We have reported results of $B_K$ calculated using improved staggered
fermions with $N_f=2+1$ flavors in Ref.~\cite{wlee-10-3,Bae:2011ff}.
We refer to Ref.~\cite{wlee-10-3} and \cite{Bae:2011ff} as SW-1 and
SW-2 afterwards.
In SW-1, we use three different lattice spacings to cont... |
1,314,259,994,028 | arxiv | \section{\def\@secnumfont{\mdseries}\@startsection{section}{1}%
\z@{.7\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
{\normalfont\scshape\centering}}
\def\subsection{\def\@secnumfont{\bfseries}\@startsection{subsection}{2}%
{\parindent}{.5\linespacing\@plus.7\linespacing}{-.5em}%
{\normalfont\bfseries}}
\make... |
1,314,259,994,029 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Despite the success of deep neural networks (DNNs) in computer vision~\cite{alexnet,vgg,resnet}, natural language processing~\cite{lstm,attention,bert} and speech recognition~\cite{asr1,asr2}, DNNs are notoriously vulnerable to adversarial attacks\cite{advattack} that inject carefully crafted i... |
1,314,259,994,030 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\mathbb{N}$, $\mathbb{Z}$ and $\mathbb{Q}$ be the sets of non-negative integers, integers and rational numbers respectively. Given a positive integer $n$ and
an $n\times n$ matrix $C=[a_{ij}]$ with $a_{ij}\in\mathbb{N}$, let $\Gamma$ be the \textit{quiver} defined by $C$, i.e., $\Gamma$ ... |
1,314,259,994,031 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The idea that Lorentz symmetry might be spontaneously broken
began to catch on when it was shown that mechanisms
in string theory might lead to this form of symmetry breaking.\cite{ks}
Since then, spontaneous Lorentz breaking has been examined in
its own right in a number of contexts,
including... |
1,314,259,994,032 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $A$ be a brace of cardinality $p^{n}$ where $p>n+1$ is prime, and $ann (p^{i})$ be the set of elements of additive order at most $p^{4}$ in this brace.
A pre-Lie ring related to the brace $A/ann(p^{2})$ was constructed in \cite{shsm}.
The aim of this paper is to show that this const... |
1,314,259,994,033 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\newcommand{\addtocounter{section}{1} \setcounter{equation}{0}{\addtocounter{section}{1} \setcounter{equation}{0}
\section*{Appendix \Alph{section}}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{equation}}
\textwidth 164mm
\textheight 214mm
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\... |
1,314,259,994,034 | arxiv |
\subsection{Semantics and Observational Equivalence for \ensuremath{\mathsf{DPIA}}\xspace}
\label{sec:equivalence}
We use Reddy's relationally parametric automata-theoretic semantics of SCIR \cite{DBLP:journals/entcs/Reddy13}. In this model, the interpretations of phrase types are parameterised by automata describin... |
1,314,259,994,035 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
The work of J.G. was supported by the Research Centre ``Elementarkraefte
und Mathematische Grundlagen" at the University
Mainz. The authors like to thank
J. Arrington, R. Milner, L. Pentchev, and C. Perdrisat
for helpful communications and discussions.
|
1,314,259,994,036 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{{1}.\arabic{equation}}
\subsection{A brief review on the BZ process}
As is well known by the Penrose process, the rotational energy of the Kerr black hole (BH) is in principle extractable, by making use of such a property as presence of ne... |
1,314,259,994,037 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Even for weakly interacting particles,
a full many-body treatment of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC)
is only possible for a small number $N$ of particles. Most often
a mean-field approximation is used, which describes
the system quite well for large $N$ at low temperatures. In this mean-field
ap... |
1,314,259,994,038 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Hamiltonian formulation is basic to quantum theory. Despite this, the quantum
theory of {\em fields} always begins with a Lagrangian. The main reason for this is,
in words of P. A. M. Dirac \cite{dirac}
``it is not at all easy to formulate the conditions for a theory to be
relativistic in te... |
1,314,259,994,039 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A networked multiagent system consists of heterogeneous agents that aspire to achieve a common objective by choosing their individual actions in the absence of a central coordinator. The common objective, which may represent a power control problem in wireless communications \cite{candogan2010n... |
1,314,259,994,040 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}}
\else
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\fi
\IEEEPARstart{T}{his} demo file is intended to serve as a ``starter file''
for IEEE Computer Society journal papers produced under \LaTeX\ using
IEEEtran.cls version 1.8b and later.
I wish you the b... |
1,314,259,994,041 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Intro}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
During the recent years, there has been an increasing interest in resolvent
expansions near thresholds and their various applications. These developments were
partially initiated by the paper of A. Jensen and G. Nenciu \cite{JN01} in which a
general fr... |
1,314,259,994,042 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Rain image restoration produces visually pleasing background (i.e.,scene content) and benefits recognition systems (e.g., autonomous driving). Attempts~\cite{jiang-cvpr17-novel,fu-cvpr17-removing} of image deraining formulate rain image as the combination of rain streaks and background. These me... |
1,314,259,994,043 | arxiv |
\section{Caloric Curves}
In Fig. 1 several snap shots of the one--body density
of a hot nuclear system with 8 neutrons and 8 protons are shown.
On the left hand side the \element{16}{O} nucleus has been given
an excitation energy per particle of 3.5~MeV by randomly
displacing the wave packets of the ground state... |
1,314,259,994,044 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
In our paper \cite{CantaK} we classified all maximal open subalgebras
of all simple infinite-dimensional linearly compact Lie superalgebras
$S$ over an algebraically closed field $\bar{\mathbb{F}}$ of characteristic zero,
up to conjugation by the group $G$ of inner automorphisms of the Lie
supe... |
1,314,259,994,045 | arxiv | \section{\texorpdfstring{#1}}}
\begin{document}
\title[Boussinesq Equations]{Global Well-posedness for The 2D Boussinesq System Without Heat Diffusion and With Either Anisotropic Viscosity or Inviscid Voigt-$\alpha$ Regularization}
\date{October 24, 2010.}
\author{Adam Larios}
\address[Adam Larios]{Department of Ma... |
1,314,259,994,046 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The properties of polyatomic systems we encounter in physics and chemistry can be extremely challenging to understand. First of all, many of these systems are strongly correlated, in the sense that their complex behavior cannot be easily deduced from the properties of their individual constituen... |
1,314,259,994,047 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For a long time, the inflationary scenario has been regarded as
an academic theory which provides an elegant solution
to conceptual problems in cosmology
such as the flatness problem, the horizon problem, and
the origin of structure of the universe. However,
the fact that all of recent cos... |
1,314,259,994,048 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
In the standard problems of statistical mechanics, we begin with the definition of the Hamiltonian and proceed to calculate the expectation values or correlation functions of various observable quantities. In the inverse problem, we are given the expectation values and try to ... |
1,314,259,994,049 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The electron--phonon\,(EP) coupling is well known to play a key role in several physical phenomena.
For example it affects the renormalization of the electronic bands\cite{allen1983}, the carriers mobility
in organic devices\cite{GosarChoi1966} or the position and intensity of Ram... |
1,314,259,994,050 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
(Classical) spinor fields are well known to be elements in the carrier space
of the Spin group irreducible representations on any given spacetime that admits a spin structure, namely, if the second Stiefel--Whitney class vanishes. Spinor fields are, in particular, employed for constructing the... |
1,314,259,994,051 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec::Intro}
Among the open challenges in the field of fluid mechanics, the accurate prediction and control of the turbulent flows around bluff bodies is a timely subject in the current development of automated, data-informed urban areas. A bluff body is an immersed solid (such as a vehicl... |
1,314,259,994,052 | arxiv | \section*{Contents}
\noindent \S\ref{s:intro}. Introduction
\noindent \S\ref{s:glmh}. Log mixed Hodge structures with group action
\noindent \S\ref{s:lha}. Log higher Albanese manifolds
\noindent \S\ref{s:example}. Description of a result of Deligne by log higher Albanese map
\noindent \S\ref{s:appen}. Summary of ... |
1,314,259,994,053 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Let $\HilbScheme{p(t)}{n}$ denote the Hilbert scheme parameterizing all subschemes in a projective space $\mathbb P^n_K$ with Hilbert polynomial $p(t)$ over an infinite field $K$.
The Hilbert scheme was first introduced by Grothendieck \cite{Gro} in the $60$s and, although it has been intensive... |
1,314,259,994,054 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The behavior of quantum systems under the interchange of
identical particles goes under the name of ``statistics.'' In
elementary quantum mechanics, the interchange of identical particles
is assumed to affect the wavefunction of a many-particle system only
by the introduction of a phase, and i... |
1,314,259,994,055 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Observational correlations between the mass of supermassive black holes
(SMBHs) and their host galaxy, such as the $M-\sigma$ relation
\citep{Ferrarese00, Gebhardt00, Tremaine02} link the evolution of the SMBH and
their host bulge. Feedback \citep[e.g.,][]{SilkRees98} , in the form of ultra
fast ... |
1,314,259,994,056 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
During the last decades, applications of foliations to theoretical
physics have been considerably increased \cite{Do}. At the
sixties, J. M. Souriau introduced foliations associated to
elementary particles to study their evolutions in the
Min\-kows\-ki space-time \cite{Soa}. Later, the use of fo... |
1,314,259,994,057 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgments}
We thank the referees for their careful reading of our manuscript and for their constructive comments, in particular, for the suggestion of Ref. \citep{kim2002effects}, which made us aware of works on transmission zeros in channels with AB rings. This research was partially supported by the Fe... |
1,314,259,994,058 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we consider elementary properties (i.\,e. properties expressible in the first order logic)
of the automorphism groups of reduced Abelian $p$-groups.
The first who considered connection of elementary properties of the different models with elementary properties of derivative model... |
1,314,259,994,059 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{sec1}}
The on going search for new physics (NP)
is mostly inspired by the
shortcomings of the SM in addressing some of the fundamental
questions in modern particle physics, such as the
hierarchy problem,
the flavor patterns in the fermionic sector and dark matter.
Some of these unresolved ... |
1,314,259,994,060 | arxiv | \section{1 - Introduction}
This is the first paper of a two-part investigation dealing with the
Hamiltonian theory of the gravitational field, and more precisely, the one
which is associated with the so-called Standard Formulation of General
Relativity (SF-GR) \cite{ein1,LL,gravi,wald}, i.e., the Einstein field
... |
1,314,259,994,061 | arxiv |
\section{Lanes and Crowds}
\label{sec:background}
Although many definitions exist, a crowd can generally be described as ``a large group of individuals gather together in the same physical area for some duration of time''. Crowds often appear at busy public locations, such as train stations, airport terminals, footba... |
1,314,259,994,062 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Future planetary missions will require long-distance autonomous traverse on challenging, obstacle-rich terrains. For example, the landing site for the NASA/JPL \ac{M2020} mission will be the Jezero crater, a 49\,[km]-wide crater considered to be an ancient Martian lake produced... |
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