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1,314,259,994,463 | arxiv | \section{Regularization Perspective}
Regularization of linear models in machine learning is focused here on how
\textit{generalized} ridge \textit{TRACE} displays enable researchers to literally ``see''
the effects of variance-bias trade-offs on measures of mean-squared-error (MSE) risk that
accompany all changes in es... |
1,314,259,994,464 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}\label{intro}
In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of extremal
functions to the following inequality involving Hardy potential and
critical Sobolev exponent:
\begin{equation}\label{eq1.1}
C \left(\int_{\mathbb{R}^N} \frac{|u|^{p_*}}{|x|^{bp_*}}
\,{\rm d}x \right)^{p/p_*} \leqslant \i... |
1,314,259,994,465 | arxiv | \section{}
\label{}
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In countries in which grid parity has been reached for decentralized photovoltaic (PV) power plants, self-consumption is the main driver for the profitability of such systems. Stationary battery storage can increase the amount of self-consumed electric... |
1,314,259,994,466 | arxiv | \section{Radio Pulsar/Supernova Remnant Associations}
There are complicated selection effects against finding radio
pulsars and SNRs; both populations are significantly
incomplete, and not in an easily quantifiable way. However, since the
working hypothesis is that {\it all} pulsars are born in supernovae,
it is fair... |
1,314,259,994,467 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \& Motivation}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{figures/SDSBM-Overview.pdf}
\caption{Example of seasonality in dynamic networks. In this three class network,
a latent seasonal process determines a probability of edge formation at times $t_1$ and $t_2$, subject
to bo... |
1,314,259,994,468 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The recent COVID-19 pandemic has shown how fragile world societies are
when confronted to the runaway spreading of a new virus
strain~\cite{christakis2020apollo}. In stark contrast with other
diseases, however, the combination of recent scientific advances,
liberal funding by governments and th... |
1,314,259,994,469 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Two of fundamental tools in the study of complex dynamical systems
are K\"onig's Theorem and B\"otthcher's Theorem in classical
complex analysis, which were proved back to 1884~\cite{Kon} and
1904~\cite{Bot}, respectively, by using some well-known methods in
complex analysis. These theorems say ... |
1,314,259,994,470 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Biological growth necessarily involves mass addition in bodies leading to microstructural rearrangements and internal stress distributions \cite{taber95, jones12}. It can be classified as either volumetric, surface, or interfacial based on the nature of mass exchange with the ex... |
1,314,259,994,471 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgements}
This work is supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) P~26338-N27
and by the European Commission through the ``HiggsTools`` Initial Training Network PITN-GA-2012-316704.
The authors thank Benjamin Fuks for the correspondence concerning the comparison
of the two-body decays with the pa... |
1,314,259,994,472 | arxiv |
\section{Data}
In this section, we describe the two major datasets used in our experiments: the Offensive Language Identification Dataset~(OLID)~\cite{zampieri2019predicting} and our newly constructed Geographical Diverse Offensive Language Identification Dataset (GeoOLID). A complete summary of the datasets ca... |
1,314,259,994,473 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Multipolar vortices are known to be an important dynamical feature of a variety of two-dimensional and quasi-geostrophic flows~\cite{McWilliams:1984}. They occur regularly in large-scale geophysical, atmospheric and meteorological flows at high Reynolds numbers. The term itself ref... |
1,314,259,994,474 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discovery of iron-based high temperature superconductors has
generated great interests in exploring layered Fe-based pnictides
and chalcogenides\cite{Kamihara, xhchen, ren3, hsu}. The
superconducting transition temperature (T$_c$) in iron chalcogenides
$\alpha$-FeSe increased from initial 8 K... |
1,314,259,994,475 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Classical reinforcement learning (RL) aims at deriving policies that maximize the expected value of the sum (or average) of future rewards, while so-called \textit{risk-sensitive} RL aims at taking into account some measure of variability of the cumulative reward into the learned po... |
1,314,259,994,476 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discovery of the first cosmic very high energy (VHE; $>100$ GeV) neutrinos in 2013 by the IceCube experiment
\citep{Ice13,AAA13,AAA20} has opened a new window on VHE sources such as gamma-ray bursts (hereafter GRBs), active
galactic nuclei (AGNs) and tidal disruption events (TDEs). The lack ... |
1,314,259,994,477 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many modern devices such as smartphones, drones, augmented reality headsets, vehicles and other Internet of Things (IoT) devices are equipped with high-quality cameras that can capture high-resolution images and videos. With the help of image stitching techniques, camera arrays \cite{thomson2021g... |
1,314,259,994,478 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{intro}
The content of the paper can be understood in two different languages.
While the version of Subsection~(\ref{combLang}) presents everything as a
challenging self-contained, combinatorial task, like a game to play,
the background motivation stems
from the algebro geometric scenario ... |
1,314,259,994,479 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and summary}
Since the pioneering work by Bagger and Lambert \cite{Bagger:2007jr}, and Gustavsson \cite{Gustavsson:2007vu} (BLG), where three-algebras were used to construct the ${\cal N}=8$ superconformal theory in three dimensions, such structures have played an important r\^{o}le toward a bette... |
1,314,259,994,480 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The current digital data storage systems, such as optical or magnetic data storage, are reaching a limit to store ever-growing data due to the limitation in density. In recent years, DNA has brought a new opportunity for building reliable long-term storage with high capacity. In a DNA-based... |
1,314,259,994,481 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
If $\{P_t\}_{t>0}$ denotes the classical Poisson semigroup, for every $k \in \N$, the $k$-th square
(also called Littlewood-Paley-Stein) function $g_k(\{P_t\}_{t>0})$ is defined by
$$g_k(\{P_t\}_{t>0})(f)(x)
= \left( \int_0^\infty \left| t^k \partial_t^k P_t(f)(x) \righ... |
1,314,259,994,482 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The variable selection process that will be considered in this article concerns the joint modeling of the mean and dispersion (JMMD), which is an extension of the generalized linear models (GLMs), introduced by \cite{NelderWedderburn}.
GLMs assume an exponential family distri... |
1,314,259,994,483 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Binary stars form in turbulent molecular clouds \citep{McKee2007} where the accretion process during star formation may be chaotic \citep{Bate2003,Bate2018}. Therefore circumbinary discs likely form misaligned with respect to the binary orbital plane. Observationally, misaligned circumbinary d... |
1,314,259,994,484 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Supersonic, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence occurs in many astrophysical settings, from star formation in the interstellar medium \citep{maclow2004, federrath2012, kritsuk2017, offner2018}, to supernova engines \citep{couch2015, fryer2017, radice2018} and remnants \citep{balsara2001,inoue20... |
1,314,259,994,485 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Algebraic Introduction}
\label{subsect algebraic introduction}
In this paper, we work with the category of differential graded (dg) categories after inverting quasi-equivalences, pretriangulated equivalences, or Morita equivalences. Many facts are known about these localisations of t... |
1,314,259,994,486 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To distinguish conductors from insulators in the quantum case, the strength of
the zero-frequency conductivity was derived by Kohn~\cite{Kohn64}. The Drude
weight is often expressed~\cite{Kohn64,Shastry90} in terms of the second
derivative of the ground state energy with respect to a phase $\Ph... |
1,314,259,994,487 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Our understanding of low energy QCD, and properties of hot and dense matter and phase diagrams of strongly interacting theories in
general, is rooted in exact and approximate symmetries. For QCD with light quarks, the spontaneous breaking of the chiral symmetry is
manifested in the spectrum of... |
1,314,259,994,488 | arxiv | \section{The information paradox}\label{introduction}
Most people have heard of the black hole information paradox \cite{hawking}. But the full strength of this paradox is not always appreciated. If we make two reasonable sounding assumptions
\bigskip
(a) All quantum gravity effects die off rapidly at distances bey... |
1,314,259,994,489 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
At present, the only microscopic theoretical tools that can be applied throughout the entire nuclear
chart are methods based on a nuclear energy density functional (EDF). Among these, the self-consistent
mean-field approach is the simplest one and can be used as a starting point to introduce corr... |
1,314,259,994,490 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum information theory provides powerful tools and perspectives for understanding and characterizing quantum many-body systems. This is particularly true for topologically ordered phases of matter. Such systems possess profoundly entangled states and cannot be characterized by local order pa... |
1,314,259,994,491 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Following the advent of topological insulators (TIs), the search for topological quantum materials with diverse symmetry-enforced topological states, characterized by the nontrivial topological invariants, has attracted a flurry of research interest in both condensed-matter physics and materia... |
1,314,259,994,492 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well-known that systems in strong magnetic fields behave
like systems in one-dimension, i.e., a strong magnetic field
confines the particles to Landau orbits orthogonal to the
field, leaving only their behavior in the direction of the field
subject to significant influence by a static p... |
1,314,259,994,493 | arxiv | \section{Discussion and Conclusion} \label{sec:conclusion}
We have presented DeepFusion, a modular fusion architecture for accurate long-range 3D object detection using lidars (L), cameras (C), and radars (R). The method first extracts modality-specific features using separate backbones. Those features are then aligne... |
1,314,259,994,494 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Proton-proton collisions are known to be the most elementary
interactions and form the very basis of our knowledge about the
nature of high energy collisions in general. Physicists, by and
large, hold the view quite firmly that the perturbative
quantum-chromodynamics (pQCD) provides a genera... |
1,314,259,994,495 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the classical diffusive shock particle acceleration model the
observed relativistic electrons in radio galaxies are accelerated at
the edges and knots of jets. For relatively more luminous FR II
radio galaxies, electrons may also be energized in radio hotspots,
where jets terminate. It is usua... |
1,314,259,994,496 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a universal approach used in
quantum chemistry, molecular physics, and condensed matter physics to
calculate properties of electronic systems. Its extension to nuclear
physics is by no means trivial, encountering difficulties associated
in part wi... |
1,314,259,994,497 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consider the following linear evolution equation
\begin{equation}\label{E11}
{\rm d} X= AX{\rm d} t + \sum_{k} B_k X{\rm d} W_k,\qquad t\ge s,\,\,X(s)=x,
\end{equation}
where $(W_k)$ is a sequence of independent standard real valued Wiener processes defined on a probability space $(\Omega, \mat... |
1,314,259,994,498 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Radio relics usually located in the outskirts of merging galaxy clusters are giant ($\sim$Mpc) synchrotron sources that are believed to be produced by cosmic-ray electrons (CRe) (re)-accelerated by merger induced shock waves in the intracluster medium (ICM; \citet{ensslin1998, ... |
1,314,259,994,499 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the problem
\begin{align}
\label{main_eqn}
\begin{array}{lll}
du_t&=(\Delta-1) u_t dt+(-\Delta+1)^{\delta_0}F(u_t)dt+(-\Delta+1)^{\delta_1/2}B(u_t)dW_t \\
u(0)&=u_0
\end{array}
\end{align}
for $t\in [0,T]$ where $\delta_0, \delta_1\in [0,1)$, $\Delta$ is the Lapl... |
1,314,259,994,500 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusions} \label{sec:conclusions}
We have presented a simple yet surprisingly effective loss for improving pixel-level unsupervised domain adaption for dense prediction tasks.
We show that by incorporating the proposed cross-domain consistency loss, our method consistently improves the performances over ... |
1,314,259,994,501 | arxiv | \section{Executive Summary}
Demonstrating the viability of emerging accelerator science ultimately relies on experimental validation. A portfolio of beam test facilities at US National Laboratories and Universities, as well as international facilities in Europe and Asia, are used to perform research critical to advanci... |
1,314,259,994,502 | arxiv | \section{Historical precedents of Quantum Computation}
The origins of quantum computation date back to 1980, when American physicist Paul Benioff (b. 1930) described a computing model defined by quantum mechanical Hamiltonians \cite{benioff1980computer}. Later that year, Russian mathematician Yuri Manin gave a first i... |
1,314,259,994,503 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
BX Dra (GSC 4192-0448, 2MASS J16061736+6245460, HIP 78891) was discovered to be a short-period variable by Strohmeier (1958) and classified
as an RR Lyr-type star with a period of 0.561192 days by Strohmeier et al. (1965). Some doubt about this classification and hints about
a binary nature were... |
1,314,259,994,504 | arxiv |
\section{The Base Workload}
\label{sec:base}
We generate a VDC workload by augmenting the Azure cloud's production trace
with network bandwidth requirements. The Azure trace~\cite{dataset}
is released with the Resource Central paper~\cite{rc}.
It includes only VM CPU and RAM requirements.
We first we describe the ch... |
1,314,259,994,505 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Tensor networks are ubiquitous in the field of low-dimensional many-body quantum physics due to their efficient description of short-range correlations and the locality of prototypical quantum Hamiltonians. Motivated by the successful approximation of quantum amplitudes, tensor networks have also... |
1,314,259,994,506 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Complex Hessian equations have received increasing attention in recent years as they appear in many geometric problems. They provide important examples of fully non-linear PDE’s of second order on complex manifolds which interpolate between (linear) complex Laplace-Poisson equations and (non line... |
1,314,259,994,507 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The epoch of reionization is perhaps one of the ``darkest" place in modern cosmology nowadays.
On one hand, Gunn-Peterson constraints \citep{GunnPeterson} from quasars \citep[{\frenchspacing\it e.g.},][]{Becker01,Fan02}
tells us that the Universe was mostly ionized by $z\sim 6$.
On the other ... |
1,314,259,994,508 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Duality transformations on conformal string backgrounds have
recently attracted considerable attention. In a restricted sense
duality transformations connect two (or more) apparently
different, but actually equivalent, string theories.
In the generalized sense
used in this paper, duality transf... |
1,314,259,994,509 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\input{1_Introduction}
\section{Related Work}
\input{2_1_Related_cuboids}
\input{2_2_Related_MCTS}
\section{Method}
\input{3_Method}
\section{Experiments}
\input{4_Experiments}
\section{Conclusion}
\input{5_Conclusion}
\bibliographystyle{splncs04}
\subsection{Cuboid Fitting on Point Cloud... |
1,314,259,994,510 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:Introduction}}
The extradimensional models first proposed by Randall and Sundrum \cite{Randall:1999ee} are based on a slice of $AdS_5$ that is bounded by the so-called UV and IR (3-)branes and is characterised by a 5-dimensional bulk metric $ds^2=e^{-2ky}\eta_{\mu\nu}dx^\mu dx^\nu-dy^2$.... |
1,314,259,994,511 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Functional data analysis (FDA) concerns the statistical analysis of data where
one of the variables of interest is a function. FDA has seen rapidly increasing
interest over the last few decades and has successfully been applied to a
variety of fields, including economics, finance, the geoscien... |
1,314,259,994,512 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} conventional approach to harvesting agricultural produce, such as fruit, is to use large harvesting machines to produce mechanical vibration to separate the fruit from the stalk or to use human labor for manual picking.
Both these methods have downsides: the former method ... |
1,314,259,994,513 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction}
Population ecology treats the increase and fluctuations of populations. Therefore, the purpose of these models is the quantification of the population size of the interact species. In this way, the very first works of Lotka-Volterra equations studied the predator-prey and compe... |
1,314,259,994,514 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the proliferation of massive multimedia contents in our daily life, it is desired that users are allowed to browse over relevant images/videos in which the specified visual instance (e.g., an object or a landmark or a person) appears. This is known as instance search~\cite{Awad17}, which ari... |
1,314,259,994,515 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Solar flares are dramatic manifestations of change in the magnetic structure of the solar corona. They have been observed across over seven orders of magnitude in estimated \textit{GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite)} soft X-ray (SXR) flux. The accepted mod... |
1,314,259,994,516 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Complex networks have been studied intensively for more than a decade. The rapid development of network science has greatly helped us to understand and model real systems~\cite{PR175}. So far, many systems have been described by networks including the transportation system~\cite{PNAS7794}, neura... |
1,314,259,994,517 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Consider the discrete-time scalar communication channel with time index $k \in \mathbb{Z}$ governed by the system equation
\begin{equation} \label{system_equation}
Y_k = H_k S_k + Z_k
\end{equation}
wherein $S_k \in \mathbb{C}$ stands for the input signal, and the fading and noise processes ... |
1,314,259,994,518 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Let $\mathcal{X}$ be a feature space and $\mathcal{Y}$ be a set of class labels.
The \emph{$k$-nearest neighbor} ($k$-NN) classifier
predicts the class label of an unknown query object $\mat{x} \in \mathcal{X}$ by its nearest neighbors.
Given $\mat{x}$ and
a set of... |
1,314,259,994,519 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The journal \textit{Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society} (MNRAS) encourages authors to prepare their papers using \LaTeX.
The style file \verb'mnras.cls' can be used to approximate the final appearance of the journal, and provides numerous features to simplify the preparation of pa... |
1,314,259,994,520 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\indent Due to the advantages and popularity of non-differentiable regularized and distributive computing for complex optimization problems, the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) has received a great deal of attention in recent years \cite{boyd2011distributed}. The standard ADMM ... |
1,314,259,994,521 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
\par An isolated black hole (BH) is a simple object: mathematically, it represents the vacuum solution of Einstein's field equations \cite{refSchwarzschild}; astrophysically, its full description can be attained with the three parameters of Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) mass ($M$),... |
1,314,259,994,522 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics provides an excellent
description of data from collider experiments, including the
precision electroweak
observables measured at LEP and SLD. The fit to the data
clearly improves
if the Higgs boson has a mass less than 250 GeV~\ci... |
1,314,259,994,523 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A distance toward astronomical object is the most fundamental parameter in astronomy and astrophysics.
All the physical and dynamical properties of the target sources are estimated based on their distances.
The most accurate and reliable method for distance determination is the trigonometric a... |
1,314,259,994,524 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the traditional paradigm of statistical learning \cite{vapnik}, we have a class $\cP$ of probability measures on a measurable \textit{instance space} $\cZ$ and a class $\cF$ of measurable functions $f: \cZ \to \Reals_+$. Each $f \in \cF$ quantifies the loss of some decision rule or a hypoth... |
1,314,259,994,525 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The remarkable progress in human pose estimation (HPE) from images and video offers great promise to human movement science and rehabilitation. State-of-the-art approaches enable high quality tracking of individuals in video and estimation of their joint locations -- both in the 2D image plane ... |
1,314,259,994,526 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\textit{Motivation.}
As applications emerge which are high dimensional and described by
large data sets, the need for powerful optimization tools has never
been greater. In particular, agents in distributed settings are
commonly given a global optimization task where they must sparingly
exchang... |
1,314,259,994,527 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Relief, commonly used for thousands of years,
is a form of sculpture in which a solid piece of material is carved
so that figures slightly emerge from a background.
Bas-relief is a type of relief (sculpture) that has less depth to the faces and figures than they actually have, when measured pr... |
1,314,259,994,528 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are distributed collections of
sensors with limited capabilities for computations and wireless
communications. Such networks will likely be deployed in hostile
environments where cryptographic protection will be needed to
enable sec... |
1,314,259,994,529 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this article
\begin{itemize}
\item a regularizing
decomposition of a matrix
pencil is constructed by a
method that is formulated in
terms of images, preimages,
and kernels of linear
mappings, and
\item the problem of topological
classification o... |
1,314,259,994,530 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A smooth vector field $\xi $ on a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ is said to define a {\it Ricci soliton} if it satisfies
\begin{equation}\label{1.1}
\frac{1}{2}{\mathcal L}_{\xi }g+Ric=\lambda g,
\end{equation}
where ${\mathcal L}_{\xi }g$ is the Lie-derivative of the metric tensor $g$ with respect... |
1,314,259,994,531 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
This paper is a continuation of the journey of the second-named author on investigating the behavior of the transition density of L\'evy processes whose (weak) scaling order is between 0 and 2 {\it including 2}.
In \cite{Mi6}, the second-named author considered the large class... |
1,314,259,994,532 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:intro}}
Scene Text Recognition (STR) aims to extract character sequences from real-world scene text images. It has attracted much attention due to its importance in various scene-based text-related tasks, such as document retrieval~\cite{7781677} and license plate recognition~\cite{licen... |
1,314,259,994,533 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{figures/appraise}
Recently, several studies have suggested that document context is required for the reliable human evaluation of machine-translated documents \cite{castilho-etal-2020-context,laubli2020jair}. With the improved performance of neural machine translation systems (NMT) over ... |
1,314,259,994,534 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and results}
Harmonic maps are one of the most studied geometric variational problems in mathematics.
Besides their importance in analysis and geometry they also appear frequently in the physics literature
for example as nonlinear \(\sigma\)-model in quantum field theory.
In order to define harmo... |
1,314,259,994,535 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The dynamics of the diffusion mediated reaction process has been extensively studied for many years due to its relevance in the description of diverse phenomena in physics, chemistry or biology \cite{weiss,rices,bergh,goeln}. A particularly interesting problem is the calculation of the probabili... |
1,314,259,994,536 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Motivation}
In this paper, we shall present a series of diagrams showing the Julia
set of the Riemann zeta function and its related Mandelbrot set. This
computation of the Julia and Mandelbrot sets of the Riemann zeta
function may be, with reference to the existing literature, the first
atte... |
1,314,259,994,537 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
High precision spectroscopy reveals that the Sun may have an unusual elemental composition compared to the majority of nearby solar analogs. In particular, the Sun is found to have a lower than average ratio of refractory to volatile elements, as first discovered by \citet{Mel_ndez_2009}. In tha... |
1,314,259,994,538 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
MDS codes and Euclidean self-dual codes belong to two different categories of block codes. Both classes are of practical and theoretical importance. In recent years,
study of MDS self-dual codes (we only consider Euclidean inner product in the following context) has attracted a lot of attention... |
1,314,259,994,539 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) is a method used for investigating the microstructural organization of various heterogeneous media. This is achieved by sensitizing the MR signal to the random motion of water molecules inside the scanned substrate. To interpret and extract relevant ... |
1,314,259,994,540 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Artificial superconducting - ferromagnetic (\textit{S}-\textit{F}) hybrids have been an area of intense research effort for over a decade due to the new physics which arises when superconducting pair correlations traverse the exchange field of a ferromagnet \cite{RevModPhys.77.935,RevModPhys.77.... |
1,314,259,994,541 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
The concept of complex spectra was introduced as a contrast to simple spectra, for which the formation of series is the most conspicuous feature, see Ref. \cite{JOHANSSON96}. Complex spectra are characterized by the appearance of multiplets or groups of lines with characteristic spac... |
1,314,259,994,542 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
RNA-Seq is the standard sequencing technique to reveal the presence and quantify transcripts in a biological sample and, as a result, to allow the differential expression analysis from RNA-Seq sequences. Therefore, several methods have been proposed with different approaches an... |
1,314,259,994,543 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
\paragraph*{}
The nonlinear phenomenon of frequency synchronization is ubiquitous in many physical, chemical, and biological systems and has been the subject of a large number of studies over the past several years~\cite{Pikovsky_CUP_2001,Strogatz_PP_2004,Balanov_SV_2009}. The simpl... |
1,314,259,994,544 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The central radiative cooling time of the Intracluster Medium (ICM) in
nearby galaxy clusters can drop below $1\rm\thinspace Gyr$ and without a
compensating source of heat the gas would rapidly cool down to low
temperatures (for a review see \citealt{Fabian94}). However, the
large reservoir of c... |
1,314,259,994,545 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Description of the spectrum of resonances observed in the $\pi\pi$ (and $K\overline{K}$) system and excited in photon nucleon
collisions is one of the most challenging problems of hadron spectroscopy. In the diffractive region of high energies and
low momentum transfers, this reaction is domina... |
1,314,259,994,546 | arxiv | \section{Proof of Auxiliary Lemmas in Theorem \ref{theorem1}} \label{app1}
\subsection{Proof of Lemma \ref{bss_error}} \label{ple1}
\begin{lemma*}[Restatement of Lemma \ref{bss_error}]
If $$n_0 \gtrsim \rho^{-1} \cdot (\nu \sigma \tilde{\tau})^2\cdot s^{3} \cdot\log^4\big(kTd/(\delta \lambda)\big), $$ we have t... |
1,314,259,994,547 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1} Introduction}
In general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) global simulations
of weakly radiating accretion flows onto a black hole, the electron energy
distribution function is not explicitly modeled. In these simulations, the
accreting plasma is collisionless (i.e., the Coulomb m... |
1,314,259,994,548 | arxiv | \section{Model building}
Fermionic and bosonic fields are assigned as Table1 and Table2 respectively.
\begin{table}[thb]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|cccccc|} \hline
& $L_S$ & $n_S$ & $e^c_S $&$L_I$&$n_I$&$e^c_I$
\\ \hline
$SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$
& $({\bf 2}, -1/2)$ & $({\bf 1}, 0)$ & $({\bf 1}, 1)$
... |
1,314,259,994,549 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Physics is customarily taught following the same chronological order in which it was developed. Students first learn the classical mechanics of Galileo and Newton, then the classical electricity and magnetism of Faraday and Maxwell, and then more modern topics such as special relativity and qua... |
1,314,259,994,550 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of the thermodynamic properties of black holes has always been an important and very attractive research topic in gravitational physics.\cite{1,2,3,4,5,6} In particular, according to the AdS/CFT correspondence, the study of black hole thermodynamics under the background of AdS space-tim... |
1,314,259,994,551 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There exists an intimate relation between topological solitons and supersymmetry. In nonlinear field theories supporting topological solitons there frequently exists a nontrivial lower bound (Bogomolny bound) on the energy in terms of a topological charge (e.g. a winding number) as well as solut... |
1,314,259,994,552 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the development of technology, people tend to use internet-based systems – such as e-learning systems, e-commerce, and social networks – more often. The quantity of content produced in these systems, therefore, is increasing dramatically. In these systems, the services are personalized acco... |
1,314,259,994,553 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Unitary space-time codes have been studied in the context of non-coherent space-time coding,
used in MIMO signalling where the receiver has no knowledge of the properties of the transmission channel.
In \cite{Berhuy-2014} Berhuy provides a systematic construction of unitary codes based on ce... |
1,314,259,994,554 | arxiv | \section{Models and analysis setup}
We explore the mechanism for parton energy loss in a Quark Gluon Plasma by comparing and contrasting two event generators with medium-modified parton showers: JEWEL \cite{Zapp:2013vla} and Q-PYTHIA \cite{Armesto:2009fj} and confronting them with experimental data. Measurements at LHC... |
1,314,259,994,555 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
\label{section 1}
\init
A powerful method for solving the inverse hyperbolic problem for equations
of the form $\frac{\partial^2u}{\partial t^2}+Au=0$ where $A$ is a Laplace-Beltrani operator
with time-independent coefficients, was discovered by M.Belishev more then twenty years ago. ... |
1,314,259,994,556 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Inverse problems is the mathematical theory and practical interpretation of noise-perturbed indirect observations.
%
Bayesian statistical inversion is the effort to formulate real-world inverse problems as Bayesian statistical estimation problems \cite{AT87,KS04}. Bayes... |
1,314,259,994,557 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgement}
This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61672306, Grant U1813218, Grant 61822603, Grant U1713214, and Grant 61572271.
\section{Conclusion}
In this paper, we have presented a hardness-aware synthesis framework for deep metric learnin... |
1,314,259,994,558 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
This paper is strongly related to the first part
\cite{YCdV2}. We will be more specific and discuss
the case of surface waves which are used in seismology
in order to image the earth crust.
We consider a medium $X$ with boundary $\partial X$
and assume that the medium is stratified near $\par... |
1,314,259,994,559 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
\medskip
High mass loss during the AGB phase is one of the main contributors to the
return of nucleo-synthesized material into the interstellar medium. A proper
understanding of AGB mass loss is thus crucial for the study of the chemical
evolution of the Galaxy. However, the exact... |
1,314,259,994,560 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Throughout the paper we deal with trees on $\eta^{<\kappa}$, with $\kappa \geq \omega$ being any regular cardinal and $\eta\geq 2$ or if $\eta$ is infinite then $\eta$ regular too.
A tree-forcing $\mathbb{P}$ is a poset whose conditions are perfect trees $p \subseteq \eta^{<\kappa}$ with the pr... |
1,314,259,994,561 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Semiconductor nanostructures have attracted increasing interest
over the last couple of years. Especially quantum dots (QD) are
proposed as possible candidates in applications like single
photon sources and quantum information devices. Improved growth
techniques nowadays enable the fabrication of... |
1,314,259,994,562 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective symptomatic treatment for a range of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although DBS has been found to alleviate motor symptoms in persons with PD, the mechanisms of action are still largely unknown, making DBS pa... |
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