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1,477,468,750,181 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\PARstart{N}{umerical} semigroups have proven to
be very useful in the study of
one-point algebraic-geometry codes.
On one hand the arithmetic of the numerical semigroup associated to
the one-point yields a good bound---called the order bound---on
minimum distance \cite{FeRa:dFR,HoLiPe:agc,KiP... |
1,477,468,750,182 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Frustrated quantum antiferromagnetism can give rise to
extraordinarily rich physics \cite{Reviews}. It is not only supposed to play
a crucial role for the properties of high-$T_c$ superconductors, but it is also
an interesting subject on its own, and has
potential applications in topological qua... |
1,477,468,750,183 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{S:1}
\justify
Students often encounter formulas for sums of powers of the first $n$ positive integers as examples of statements that can be proved using the Principle of Mathematical Induction and, perhaps less often nowadays, in Riemann sums during an introduction to definite integration.... |
1,477,468,750,184 | arxiv | \section{ISR effects without invisible particle emission}\label{sec:isrorig}
We first review briefly the main results of
ref.~\cite{Papaefstathiou:2009hp}. Consider the emission of ISR
partons from incoming partons $a$ and $b$, as in
Fig.~\ref{fig:feynman}. If all the products of the hard subprocess
and all the ISR em... |
1,477,468,750,185 | arxiv | \section*{APPENDIX -- {\em NOT FOR PUBLICATION\/}}
\setcounter{section}{0}
\setcounter{subsection}{0}
\def\Alph{section}} {\Alph{section}} }
\excludecomment{anonymous}\includecomment{standard}
\excludecomment{withappendix}\includecomment{withoutappendix}
\begin{anonymous}
\def\mycite{PBpat}{\mycite{PBpatA}}
\def\c... |
1,477,468,750,186 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Remarkable features of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) such as impressive sample quality and smooth latent interpolation have drawn enormous attention from the community, but what we have enjoyed with little gratitude claim their worth in a data-limited regime. As naiv... |
1,477,468,750,187 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a
multicarrier technique which has been widely used in many high data rate wireless communication standards such as Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA),
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave ... |
1,477,468,750,188 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ability to learn from one or few examples is an important property of human learning that helps us to function effectively in the real world. Children learn new concepts effortlessly by building upon prior knowledge \cite{biederman1987concepts30000,carey1978fastMapping}. In contrast, our m... |
1,477,468,750,189 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with 2D convolutions and small kernels~\cite{vgg}, have achieved state-of-the-art results for several speech recognition tasks~\cite{ibm2015,ibm2016,microsoft2016,vdcnn,vdcnn_adapt}. The accuracy of those models grows with their complex... |
1,477,468,750,190 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In high energy collisions of leptons,
hadrons and nuclei
we observe the production of many particles, mainly hadrons.
The ultimate goal in multiparticle production
studies is the explanation of the hadronic phenomena within QCD,
the basic theory of the strong interactions, along with the other ... |
1,477,468,750,191 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With a branching ratio of $32$\% the $\eta\rightarrow 3\ensuremath{\pi^0\,}$ decay is
a major decay mode of the $\eta$ despite the fact that is a G--parity
forbidden transition. Neglecting a small electromagnetic transition
(Sutherland's theorem \cite{Sutherland}) this decay is due almost
exclusi... |
1,477,468,750,192 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The Solar System gas and ice giants host ring systems, although the origins of these rings remain mysterious (e.g., \citealt{DePater17,DePater18,Hedman21}). Whereas Saturn's massive rings are rich in water ice (\citealt{Cuzzi1998,poulet_et_al2003,Nicholson2005}), the less mas... |
1,477,468,750,193 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Autonomous trucks are expected to fundamentally transform the freight transportation industry. Morgan Stanley estimates the potential savings from automation at \$168 billion annually for the US alone \cite{Greene2013-AutonomousFreightVehicles}.
Additionally, autonomous transportation may improv... |
1,477,468,750,194 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper I consider the problem of counting the number of independent sets and kernels of regular graphs. For the purposes of this paper, a {\em graph} will be defined as a collection of {\em vertices} and a collection of {\em edges} that connect pairs of vertices. {\em Simple} graphs are gr... |
1,477,468,750,195 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:intro}
The extension of the Standard Model \cite{GSW} for one generation of fermions
advocated for in
\cite{Machet1} is endowed with two Higgs doublets, a ``chiral'' doublet
\begin{equation}
K = \left(\begin{array}{c}{\mathfrak p}^1-i{\mathfrak p}^2 \cr -({\mathfrak
s}^0+{\mathfrak... |
1,477,468,750,196 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
The leaves of angiosperms contain highly complex venation
networks consisting of recursively nested, hierarchically
organized loops.
We describe a new phenotypic trait of reticulate vascular networks based
on the topology of the nested loops. This phenotypic trait encodes
information orthogonal to ... |
1,477,468,750,197 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
With the introduction of the sandpile model by Bak, Tang and Wiesenfeld (BTW), the
notion
of self-organized criticality was introduced, and subsequently applied to several other
models such as forest-fire models, and the Bak-Sneppen model for evolution.
In turn, these models serv... |
1,477,468,750,198 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
Although significantly more luminous than their low-mass counterparts, massive stars ($M_\star>8$\,M$_\odot$) pose a challenging problem for study, particularly in their early formation stages. Massive stars are much less common and have shorter lifetimes than intermediate- a... |
1,477,468,750,199 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Mechanical systems of kinematically coupled structures, or multibody systems, have a variety of engineering applications including robotic manipulators, manufacturing machines with articulated components, bipedal walking and musculoskeletal system modeling \cite{Krishna89}. An interesting aspect ... |
1,477,468,750,200 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
In this paper we study neural network approximations for the superhedging price process for a contingent claim in discrete time. \\
Superhedging was first introduced in \cite{quenez} and then thoroughly studied in various settings and market models. It is impossible to c... |
1,477,468,750,201 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\Mman$ be a compact connected surface and $\Pman$ be either the real line $\RRR$ or the circle $S^1$.
For a closed subset $\Cman\subset\Mman$ denote by $\DiffMC$ the group of all $C^{\infty}$ diffeomorphisms of $\Mman$ fixed on $\Cman$.
This group acts from the right on the space $C^{\infty}... |
1,477,468,750,202 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sect:intro}
\noindent
Schanuel's lemma is a useful tool in homological algebra and category theory.
It appears to have come about as a response to a question by Kaplansky, see \cite[p.~166]{LamLectures},
and simplifies the definition of the projective (or, injective) homological dimen... |
1,477,468,750,203 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure*}[!t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=18.3cm]{conceptart.eps}
\caption{Schematic of phase-sensitive detection with (a) a conventional balanced homodyne detector (b) an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). In the both cases, the measured light is squeezed light generated in an OPA. ... |
1,477,468,750,204 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Evidence for an early start of planet formation, when the disk is still embedded in its envelope, has been accumulating. For example, rings in continuum emission that are ubiquitously observed toward Class II protoplanetary disks \citep[e.g.,][]{Andrews2018} and could be a sign... |
1,477,468,750,205 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Knowing the relative importance of gravitational, rotational, turbulent, and magnetic energies is essential to understand the process of star formation,
as all of these effects shape structures and affect disk formation in protostellar sources \citep{McKee07, Li14a}.
Theoretical studies show that... |
1,477,468,750,206 | arxiv | \section{Running of $\alpha_s$(Q) and Power Corrections}
Most experimental measurements of $\alpha_s$ are limited in precision by
theoretical errors arising from missing higher order terms and
uncertainties in the hadronisation corrections which are normally derived from
the phenomenological Monte Carlo models.
Re... |
1,477,468,750,207 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Temporal networks have become an important framework to understand the dynamics of complex systems over the last decade~\cite{Holme2012Temporal, Masuda2016Guide, Holme2019Temporal}. By integrating the topological knowledge of a system, described by a graph, with the information about the tempora... |
1,477,468,750,208 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Increasingly, transparency is becoming a key practical and ethical concern for developers of natural language technologies {\cite{candello_cuichi_2020}}. Conversational research suggests knowledge about the type of partner a person is talking to (human or computer) has a significant impact: on l... |
1,477,468,750,209 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $ E $ be an elliptic curve defined over $ \mathbb{Q} $, with conductor $ N = N(E) $ and Tamagawa product
(also called `fudge factor') $ \tau = \tau(E) $. In my 1998 paper \cite{dW2} I proved a (conditional)
upper bound for $ \tau $ in terms of $ N $, namely
\begin{lemma}[de Weger, 1998]
Sz... |
1,477,468,750,210 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Mass cytometry data have been used for high-throughput characterization of cell subpopulations based
on unique combinations of surface or intracellular markers that may be expressed by each cell.
Cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) is new technology that can rapidly
quantify a la... |
1,477,468,750,211 | arxiv |
\section{Risks of Hidden Failure Correlations}
\label{sec-avail}
Ensuring high availability is usually
a high priority for cloud infrastructure and services,
and state replication and fault tolerance mechanisms
is the focus of much industry and research attention.
Most of this attention is focused {\em within} a part... |
1,477,468,750,212 | arxiv | \section{
\setcounter{equation}{0} \setcounter{theorem}{0} \@startsection
{section}{1}{\z@}{-4.0ex plus -1ex minus
-.2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\bf\Large}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-3.25ex plus-1ex
minus-.2ex}{1.5ex plus.2ex}{\reset@font\bf\LARGE}}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\begin{abs... |
1,477,468,750,213 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Due to recent advances in nanofabrication and nanopatterning
dimensionality effects in physical phenomena have become a very active
field of research. Even nanowires or two-dimensional films of
decidedly three-dimensional materials such as perovskites have become
available for ... |
1,477,468,750,214 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
\input{intro.tex}
\section{Galaxies and Shape Measurement}
\label{sec:1}
\input{sec1.tex}
\section{Sparse Deconvolution}
\label{sec:2}
\input{sec2.tex}
\section{Deconvolution with Shape Constraint}
\label{sec:3}
\input{sec3.tex}
\section{Numerical Experiments}
\label{sec:4... |
1,477,468,750,215 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$ over the
field of complex numbers. Fix $n \geq 2$ and $d\in\mathbb{Z}$. We shall
denote by $M_X(n,L_0)$ the moduli space of polystable bundles $E$
over $X$ of rank $n$ and determinant $\det(E)=L_0$, where $L_0$ is
a... |
1,477,468,750,216 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Ising model is a simplest model for describing the magnetic system, where a spin variable that takes two possible values lives on each lattice site, which interact only with its nearest neighbors\cite{nel,par}. It is a well-known fact that the one-dimensional Ising model does not exhibit phase tr... |
1,477,468,750,217 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:introduction}
Many applications in control engineering \cite{Keshavarz2011,Panchea2017,Molloy2016,Molloy2018,Yokoyama2017,Maillot2013}, economics \cite{Konstantakopoulos2017}, and robotics \cite{Mombaur2010,Levine2012,Puydupin2012} involve inferring the underlying objectives of age... |
1,477,468,750,218 | arxiv | \section{Principles of Statistical Model Building}
\begin{quote}
`\textit{Part of a meaningful quantitative analysis is to look at models and try to figure out their deficiencies and the ways in which they can be improved.}'
\begin{flushright}
\vspace{-.14em}
{\rm ----Nobel Lecture by Lars Peter \cite{hansen2014nob... |
1,477,468,750,219 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Interference channel (IFC) models the communication scenario that a number of transmitters wish to send independent messages simultaneously to their respective receivers using the same channel, while causing interference to each other. It is one of the most important fundamental channel setups... |
1,477,468,750,220 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the March 2010 issue of the journal {\it Crux Mathematicorum with
Mathematical Mayhem}, mayhem problem M429 was proposed (see reference \cite{1}):
\vspace{.15in}
Determine all positive integers $a,b,c$ that satisfy,
$$
\begin{array}{rcll} a^{(b^c)} & = & (a^b)^c; & {\rm or\ equivalentl... |
1,477,468,750,221 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}}
\else
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\fi
\IEEEPARstart{T}{his} demo file is intended to serve as a ``starter file''
for IEEE Computer Society journal papers produced under \LaTeX\ using
IEEEtran.cls version 1.8b and later.
I wish you the best of succe... |
1,477,468,750,222 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Since their introduction by Toro and Titarev
\cite{toro1,toro3,toro4,titarevtoro,Toro:2006a}, ADER (arbitrary high order derivatives) schemes for hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDE)
have been improved and developed along different directions.
A key feature o... |
1,477,468,750,223 | arxiv | \section{Extended Globular Clusters}\label{egc}
Globular clusters (GCs) are typically compact objects with half-light radii of a few pc and with masses in the range $10^4-10^6~M_\odot$. The internal gravitational fields in the compact centres of normal GCs are usually much larger than Milgrom's acceleration constant $a... |
1,477,468,750,224 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Despite the long-term research efforts put into numerical optimization, many practical applications remain difficult. There are three main reasons: most real problems involve nonlinear constraints, the objective function or the constraints are numerically costly to evaluate (e.g., when nonlinear... |
1,477,468,750,225 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims at training agents to take actions in an environment by maximizing their rewards. In recent years, RL has demonstrated its effectiveness in various applications domains such as gaming \cite{alphastar}, robotics \cite{rubikcube}, and traffic control \cite{rl-traf... |
1,477,468,750,226 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgements}
We thank Akhilesh Deepak Gotmare, Amrita Saha, Junnan Li, and Chen Xing for valuable discussions.
We thank Kathy Baxter for the ethical review.
We also thank our anonymous reviewers for their insightful feedback on our paper.
\section{Conclusion}
We have presented CodeT5, a pre-train... |
1,477,468,750,227 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{} The study of points on semiabelian varieties ({\it i.e.} extensions of abelian varieties by tori) is a very classical topic of diophantine geometry.
In algebraic geometry, it also played a crucial role in the guise of Deligne's $1$-motives \cite{D}. Over an algebraically clos... |
1,477,468,750,228 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Deep learning is currently witnessing a major interest in computer vision and neighboring fields \cite{Cun2015}. Its principle consists in learning mapping functions, as multi-layered convolutional or recurrent neural networks, whose inputs correspond to different stimulus (images, videos, etc.... |
1,477,468,750,229 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{s1}
The study of the eigenvalues of Schr\"odinger operators below the essential spectrum
goes back over fifty years to Bargmann \cite{Barg3}, Birman \cite{Bir61}, and
Schwinger \cite{Schw}, and of power bounds on the eigenvalues to Lieb--Thirring
\cite{LT1,LT2}.
There has been considerab... |
1,477,468,750,230 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{include/design-space}
\caption{Design space of OS kernels.}
\label{fig:design-space}
\end{figure}
Modern OS architectures are heavily interlinked with the protection mechanisms
they rely upon. OSes rigidly c... |
1,477,468,750,231 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The prevalent paradigm of text entry on computing devices is sequential typing of characters. Word completion and prediction can theoretically save up to 40-50\% keystrokes when 3-5 predictions are provided \cite{trnka2008evaluating, fowler2015effects}. This reduces the motor and cognitive dema... |
1,477,468,750,232 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For any complex arithmetic function $f:\mathbb{N}\rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ and any positive integer $N$ we indicate with
$$V(N,Q; f):=\sum_{q\leq Q}\sum_{h|q}\sum_{\substack{a\ \bmod{q}\\ (a,q)=h}}\bigg|\sum_{\substack{n\leq N\\ n\equiv a\ \bmod{q}}}f(n)-\frac{1}{\varphi(q/h)}\sum_{\substack{n\leq... |
1,477,468,750,233 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This is a follow-up paper of \cite{dirr_ve}. There, we studied the $C$-numerical range $W_C (T)$
of $T$ generalized to trace-class operators $C$ and bounded operators $T$ acting on some infinite-dimensional
separable complex Hilbert space $\mathcal H$, i.e.
$$
W_C (T) = \lbrace \operatorname{tr}... |
1,477,468,750,234 | arxiv | \section{{\bf Introduction}} \label{sec:intro}
The nature and production mechanism of dark matter still remains a mystery.~While most of the experimental effort in the past was aimed at detecting weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), the lack of observation has necessitated new theoretical ideas and proposed ... |
1,477,468,750,235 | arxiv |
\section{Background}
In this section, we first provide some background on sketches
and their use in network telemetry. We then introduce the key stakeholders in sketch-based telemetry to set the context for the research challenges.
\subsection{Sketching Algorithms}
Sketching algorithms (sketches) can process da... |
1,477,468,750,236 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well-known that the separation of variables in the
Hamilton--Jacobi equation of a natural Hamiltonian is
characterized by the existence of sets of Killing 2-tensors
($\mathcal K_m$) and Killing vectors~($D_r$) with suitable
properties \cite{[13],[4],[6]}. The aim of this paper is to show
s... |
1,477,468,750,237 | arxiv | \section{Statement of the main result}
Dain has proven the inequality $m \geq |J|$ for complete, maximal, asymptotically flat axisymmetric vacuum initial data to the 3+1 dimensional Einstein equation. Here $m$ is the ADM mass associated with the data and $J$ is the conserved angular momenta associated with the $U(1)$ ... |
1,477,468,750,238 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ion transport is fundamental to a wide variety of biophysical processes and technological applications, e.g., transmembrane ion channels, electrochemical energy devices, and electrokinetics in microfluidics\cite{IonChanel_HandbookCRC15, BazantDiffChg_PRE04, BazantReview_ACIS09}. Based on a mean-f... |
1,477,468,750,239 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The availability of large scale data set and computational tools makes it easier than ever to quantitatively probe the science at different scales, from papers \citep{wang2013quantifying, hu2020describing, chen2021exploring, mukherjee2017nearly} to individual scientists \citep{way2017misleading, ... |
1,477,468,750,240 | arxiv | \section{Analytical solution in homogeneous doubly-uniaxial media}
\label{app1}
In this appendix, the closed-form analytical expressions used to obtain for electromagnetic fields in homogeneous \textcolor{\Cred}{and} doubly-uniaxial media are presented. In such media,
Maxwell's equations with $e^{-\iu\omega t}$ time-d... |
1,477,468,750,241 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The main goal of this paper is to propose a
theory of mirror symmetry for varieties of
general type. At first glance, the existence of such a theory
would perhaps seem unlikely.
After all, if $S$, $\check S$ were a mirror pair with $S$ of general
type and dimension $d$,
and if the first sympto... |
1,477,468,750,242 | arxiv |
\section{Abstract}\label{abstract}
In the spirit of software engineering, I have applied the separation of
concerns principle by creating a separate document for the abstract,
\href{http://drive.google.com/open?id=1lTxG_WOtMI6IbK3NU-cFe6LAKrQKN53Jn0MwpE7m3Xg}{\emph{Big
Data Processing in Apache Spark (Abstract)}}, si... |
1,477,468,750,243 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Does a smooth proper variety in positive characteristic know the Hodge number of
its liftings? In this paper, we construct an example showing that the answer is
no in general. There are some obstructions to make such an example. For
instance, such an example must be of dimension at least \(3\) (... |
1,477,468,750,244 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wall-shear stress fluctuation is a crucial physical quantity in wall-bounded turbulence, as it is of importance for noise radiation, structural vibration, drag generation, and wall heat transfer, among others \citep{Diaz-Daniel2017,Cheng2020a}. In the past two decades, ample evidence has shown t... |
1,477,468,750,245 | arxiv | \subsection{#1}}
\newcommand{\displaystyle}{\displaystyle}
\newcommand{\Longrightarrow}{\Longrightarrow}
\renewcommand{\iff}{\Longleftrightarrow}
\newcommand{\Bbb{Q}}{\Bbb{Q}}
\newcommand{\F}[1]{\Bbb{F}_{#1}}
\newcommand{\bF}[1]{\bar{\Bbb{F}}_{#1}}
\newcommand{\mathcal{E}}{\mathcal{E}}
\newcommand{\Bbb{Z}}{\Bbb{Z}... |
1,477,468,750,246 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Deciding that two groups are isomorphic is a clear task: exhibit an invertible homomorphism between the groups. On the other-hand, understanding why two groups are non-isomorphic can take many different forms, and in this paper we demonstrate how little we know about non-isomorphism. To illust... |
1,477,468,750,247 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years we have proposed the
$\widetilde{U}(12)$-scheme\cite{Cov,u-12},
a relativistically covariant level-classification
scheme of hadrons.
In this scheme, the ground state (GS) of
light $q\bar{q}$ meson system is assigned
as ${\bf 12} \times {\bf {12}^{*}}={\bf 144}$-
representat... |
1,477,468,750,248 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In a series of papers and in his 2009 book on configurations~\cite{Gru2009b}, Branko Gr\"unbaum described a sequence
of operations to produce new $(n_{4})$ configurations from various input configurations. These operations were later
called the ``Gr\"unbaum Incidence Calculus''~\cite[Section 6... |
1,477,468,750,249 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Notations and definitions}
All rings are commutative with 1.
We denote $R^{[n]}=R[x_1,\ldots, x_n]$ the polynomial ring in $n$ variables over a ring $R$.
A polynomial map (or polynomial endomorphism) $F$ with coefficients in a ring $R$ is a list of polynomials $(F_1,\ldots, F_n)$ wh... |
1,477,468,750,250 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{G}{estures} play a crucial role in human communication and are used together with a speech to convey meaning. Gestures can be any form of visual action including hand motions, pose changes and facial expressions. Given the vital role of gestures in human communication, automated ge... |
1,477,468,750,251 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\par Location modeling is a branch of operations research with vast real-world applicability and thus has been studied for a number of decades. Location modeling typically considers the location and time of demand signals over a network and optimizes the corresponding location of a servicing as... |
1,477,468,750,252 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Named Entity Recognition (NER) aims at identifying different types of entities, such as people names, companies, location, etc., within a given text. This information is useful for higher-level Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications such as information extraction, summarization, and data... |
1,477,468,750,253 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Analytic approximations and perturbation methods
are of common use in different branches of general relativity theory.
The most common methods are the post-Newtonian approximations,
able to deal with the gravitational field of any system
in the non-relativistic limit,
the post-Minkowskian approx... |
1,477,468,750,254 | arxiv |
\section*{Methods}
Experiments were performed on Bi$_2$Se$_3$ single crystals grown by directional slow solidification in an inclined ampoule and cleaved \textit{in-situ} along the (111) plane in vacuum of $5\times 10^{-11}$ torr.
The Au(111) surface was prepared by \textit{in-situ} evaporation on a clean W(110) subs... |
1,477,468,750,255 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Confidence intervals are a natural and commonly used way to summarize
a distribution over real numbers.
In informal terms,
a confidence interval is a concise way to
express what values a given sample mostly contains.
They are used widely, e.g., to
denote ranges of data, specify accuracies of para... |
1,477,468,750,256 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
A large number of papers has been devoted to the study of asymptotic behavior for solutions of parabolic problems under various assumptions and in different contexts: for a review on classical results see \cite{f}, \cite{a}, \cite{sp}, and references therein. More recently in \cite... |
1,477,468,750,257 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
One function of a Court of Law is to attempt to assign responsibility
or blame for some undesirable outcome. In many such cases there will
be relevant testimony about statistical or epidemiological evidence
arising from studies done on specialized populations, but this
eviden... |
1,477,468,750,258 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro} Currently the observations of electromagnetic radiation
from astrophysical sources and high energy phenomena in the Universe are
restricted to energies outside an observation gap extending from $\approx $
10 GeV to $\approx $ 300 GeV. From the continuation of current measuremen... |
1,477,468,750,259 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section: Introduction}
\textit{Functional magnetic resonance imaging} (fMRI) is a non-invasive brain imaging technique used to estimate both brain regional activity and interactions between brain regions due to its ability to detect \textit{neuronal activity} in the entire brain simultaneo... |
1,477,468,750,260 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{Introduction}
Owing to the versatility and high mobility, the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been considered to be a promising new paradigm to facilitate scenarios including communication relay, hazardous exploration, traffic control, and disaster management \cite{ChengX19JCIN,FeiZS1... |
1,477,468,750,261 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The cores of active galaxies, most likely powered
by accretion onto supermassive black holes (BH), are surrounded by two
emission-line regions; the broad-line region (BLR) in proximity
to the BH, and the
narrow-line region (NLR) at larger distances from the nucleus. The study of
both BLR and NLR
... |
1,477,468,750,262 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract} \noindent\normalsize{Entropy stabilization has garnered significant attention as a new approach to designing novel materials. Much of the work in this area has focused on bulk ceramic processing, leaving entropy-stabilized thin films relatively underexplored. Following an extensive multi-variable in... |
1,477,468,750,263 | arxiv | \section{}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage{graphics,latexsym}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{color}
\newcommand{\am}[1]{\mbox{{\em \rm #1}}}
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}}
\newcommand{\be... |
1,477,468,750,264 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This is the second in a series of papers addressing Bressoud's conjecture. In 1980, Bressoud \cite{Bressoud-1980} established an analytic generalization of the Rogers-Ramanujan identities by employing Andrews' generalization of Watson's $q$-analogue of Whipple's theorem.
\begin{... |
1,477,468,750,265 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is generally impossible to completely isolate a small system of interest from the surrounding environment. Thus, dissipative effects caused by the environment are important in almost every quantum experiment, ranging from highly controlled settings, where much effort is invested in minimising ... |
1,477,468,750,266 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\par Multi-robot systems consists of network of robots which
cooperate to perform tasks such as consensus, formation control
etc.
\cite{jadbabaie2003coordination,murray2007recent,
olfati2007consensus,tanner2007flocking}.
Mobile sensor networks consists of network of ro... |
1,477,468,750,267 | arxiv | \section*{References}}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{subfig}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{algorithm}
\usepackage{algpseudocode}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[colorinlistoftodos]{t... |
1,477,468,750,268 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{fig1_5.pdf}
\caption{
Prior methods (\eg, SPIN~\cite{kolotouros2019learning} and CMR~\cite{kolotouros2019convolutional}) usually reconstruct 3D meshes of human body from the global image feature vector extracted by neural net... |
1,477,468,750,269 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Sampling with selection bias is often the only means to acquire data. \emph{Bias} in this context refers to the fact that certain observations occur more frequently than normal \cite{heckman1990varieties}. For instance, in social science experiments, data collected from university students will h... |
1,477,468,750,270 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Introduction}
The use of machine--learning for the exploration of big data sets in astronomy was predicted over three decades ago \citep{1988ESOC...28..245R}. Yet, the high computational costs of this method have long delayed its advance. Some of the first applications of neural networks, ... |
1,477,468,750,271 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent This article is concerned with the problem of classifying tuples of natural numbers $a_1$, $\ldots$, $a_K$ and
$b_1$, $\ldots$, $b_L$ with $\sum_i a_i =\sum_j b_j$ such that for all natural numbers $n$ one has
$$
\frac{(a_1 n)! (a_2 n)! \cdots (a_K n)!}{(b_1 n)! (b_2 n)! \cdots (b... |
1,477,468,750,272 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
In this paper,
we shall focus on local times for L\'evy processes.
It is known that there are several definitions of local times for different stochastic processes, see Geman and Horowitz \cite{Gem}.
Thus, we define a local time $L=\{L^x_t:x\in\bR,t\geq0\}$ for a L\'evy process $X... |
1,477,468,750,273 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
Sea ice cover in the Arctic and Antarctic is an important indicator of changes in the climate, with important environmental, economic and security consequences. The complexity of the spatio-temporal dynamics of sea ice makes it difficult to assess the temporal nature of the changes - e.g. linear or... |
1,477,468,750,274 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Speaker embedding refers to a fixed-length continuous-valued vector extracted from a variable-length utterance~\cite{lee2021asvtorch}. In speaker verification, the extracted speaker embedding is forwarded to the backend classifier. It is important that a speaker embedding charat... |
1,477,468,750,275 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the first order relativistic equations [1--12], which describe the motion of the elementary particle having spin $s=3/2$. A comparative characteristic of such equations is given. The second order equations of the Klein--Gordon type are not discussed.
Known first order relativistic e... |
1,477,468,750,276 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is now an established fact that neutrinos are massive and leptonic
flavors are not symmetries of Nature~\cite{Pontecorvo:1967fh,
Gribov:1968kq}. In the last decade this picture has become fully
proved thanks to the upcoming of a set of precise experiments. In
particular, the results obtained ... |
1,477,468,750,277 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec1}}
Assume $M$ and $N$ are smooth compact Riemannian manifolds without boundary
and they are embedded into $\mathbb{R}^{l}$ and $\mathbb{R}^{\overline{l}}$
respectively. The following spaces are of interest in the calculus of
variations:%
\begin{align*}
W^{1,2}\left( M,N\right) & =\le... |
1,477,468,750,278 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The value of explicit software architecture has been increasingly recognized for software maintenance, and evolution activities \cite{link2019value}. Especially architecture descriptions relating coarsely granular programming elements found as a useful tool to effectively communicate syst... |
1,477,468,750,279 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spin qubits in hole quantum dots are frontrunner candidates to process quantum information and implement large-scale universal quantum computers~\cite{scappucci2020germanium,Gonzalez-Zalba2021,hendrickx2020fast,hendrickx2020four,Jirovec2021,maurand2016cmos,camenzind2021spin,piot2022single}.
The ... |
1,477,468,750,280 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Main results}
A large collection of financial contracts offering guaranteed minimum
benefits (GMxBs) are often posed as control problems \cite{bauer2008universal},
in which the control is able to take any one of an uncountable number
of values from the \emph{admissible set} at each... |
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