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1,477,468,749,981
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we use the following two symbol classes of $S_{0,0}$-type. One is the bilinear H\"ormander class $BS^{m}_{0,0}$, $m \in \R$, consisting of all $\sigma(x,\xi_1,\xi_2) \in C^{\infty}((\R^n)^3)$ such that \[ |\partial^{\alpha}_{x}\partial^{\beta_1}_{\xi_1}\partial^{\beta_2}_{\xi...
1,477,468,749,982
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One is often lead to study bi-sublinear estimates of the form \begin{equation}\label{eq:oldbilinearemb} \int_{0}^{\infty} \int_{\mathbb{R}^d} \big|\nabla T_t f(x)\big| \,\big|\nabla \widetilde{T}_t g(x)\big| \,\textup{d}x \,\textup{d}t \leqslant C \|f\| \|g\|^{\ast}, \end{equation} where $f,g$ ar...
1,477,468,749,983
arxiv
\section{introduction} \bigskip \bigskip Informally, a self-similar action is given by isomorphisms between parts of an object (think fractals or Julia sets) at different scales. Self-similar actions were studied intensely after exotic examples of groups acting on rooted trees and generated by finite automata, lik...
1,477,468,749,984
arxiv
\section{Introduction} About one third of low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) hosting neutron stars (NS) are transient sources and characterized by a luminosity that varies over $\sim10^{32}-10^{38}~{\rm erg}^{-2}{\rm s}^{-1}$, which is likely caused by an instability of the accretion induced by a variable accretion rate,...
1,477,468,749,985
arxiv
\section{Conclusions} Cloud services increasingly move away from complex monolithic designs, and adopt the model of specialized, loosely-coupled microservices. We presented Seer, a data-driven cloud performance debugging system that leverages practical learning techniques, and the massive amount of tracing data c...
1,477,468,749,986
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} We are interested in the system of nonautonomous elliptic equations \begin{equation}\label{KGM} \begin{alignedat}{2} \Delta u &= m^2 \, u - \bigl(\o + q(x) \, \phi\bigr)^2 u \qquad & \hbox{in $\O$,} \\[1mm] \Delta \phi &= q(x) \, \bigl(\o+ q(x) \, \phi\bigr) \, u^2 & \hbox{in...
1,477,468,749,987
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Since long the Ginzburg-Landau model has been considered as paradigm for studying critical phenomena using field-theoretic techniques.\cite{ZinnJ} Perturbative calculations of critical exponents and amplitude ratios of the Ising ($n=1$), XY ($n=2$), Heisenberg ($n=3$) and other ...
1,477,468,749,988
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s1} Entangled states are an essential resource for various quantum information processings\cite{Bennett93,Briegel98}. Hence, it is required to generate maximally entangled states. However, for a practical use, it is more essential to guarantee the quality of generated entangled states. St...
1,477,468,749,989
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec:intro} To safely navigate around dynamic and unknown environments, robots need to perceive and avoid obstacles in real-time, usually with a limited financial or computation budget. Among all the 3D perception sensors, the stereo camera has been widely used due to its lig...
1,477,468,749,990
arxiv
\section{Results} More specifically, we scrutinize the meson summary table and baryon summary table in {Review of Particle Physics} (2008) by Particle Data Group\cite{PDG}, and compare the first digit distribution of the full widths of mesons and baryons with Benford distribution respectively. The systematical s...
1,477,468,749,991
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} \setcounter{section}{1} For a compact, orientable, hyperbolizable $3$-manifold $M$ with boundary, the deformation space $AH(M)$ of marked hyperbolic 3-manifolds homotopy equivalent to $M$ is a familiar object of study. This deformation space sits naturally inside the ${...
1,477,468,749,992
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Motivation and models of interest} \label{sec:motivation} The colliding bullet problem may be stated as follows: a gun whose position and direction remains fixed shoots bullets, one every second. The speeds of the bullets are random, independent and uniform in $[0,1]$. Upon collisi...
1,477,468,749,993
arxiv
\section{#1}\begin{frame}\frametitle{#1}} {\end{frame}} \newenvironment{secframe}[2] {\section{#1}\begin{frame}\frametitle{#2}} {\end{frame}} \def\begin{columns}{\begin{columns}} \def\end{columns}{\end{columns}} \def\begin{column}{\begin{column}} \def\end{column}{\end{column}} \def\begin{itemize}{\begin{itemize}} \de...
1,477,468,749,994
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Dust is present in almost every astrophysical environment, ranging from circumstellar shells and disks to spiral, elliptical, starburst, and active galaxies, and to pre$-$galactic objects such as QSO absorption$-$line and damped Ly$\alpha$ systems. The abundance and composition of the dust in gal...
1,477,468,749,995
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Understanding neutrino-interactions with nuclei in the broad kinematical region relevant to long-baseline neutrino-oscillation experiments is a challenging many-body problem, whose solution requires an accurate and consistent description of the nuclear initial and final states, as well as of the...
1,477,468,749,996
arxiv
\section{Introduction} AGN (active galactic nuclei)-starburst (SB) connection/link has been suggested based on correlation analyses between the luminosity of galactic nuclei and that of circum-nuclear warm dust heated by active star formation (SF) \cite{Smith+1998,Wild+2010,Fabian2012}. Large amount of energy...
1,477,468,749,997
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Intro} High-accuracy analyses of effective Hamiltonians for interacting fermion systems have been an important issue for a long time in {studies} of novel quantum phases in strongly correlated electron systems such as high-temperature {superconductors}~\cite{Imada_RMP1998} and quantum ...
1,477,468,749,998
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Extended Theories of Gravity (ETG) have been mainly proposed to account for the recent cosmological observations that suggest that our Universe is currently undergoing to an accelerated expansion \cite{riess,riess1,riess2,riess3,riess4,riess5}. To account for such a behaviour of t...
1,477,468,749,999
arxiv
\section{Introduction} To increase throughput and network efficiency, it is always beneficial for clients in a wireless network to have a certain level of global knowledge of the network, for example link loss probability that is related to the network connectivity, or channel state information (CSI) that is related to...
1,477,468,750,000
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The effect of quenched disorder on various condensed elastic systems is one of the fascinating problems in statistical mechanics. Examples of physical systems range from domain walls in magnetic and ferroelectric materials\cite{lemerle_domainwall_creep,tybell_ferroelec...
1,477,468,750,001
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The term \emph{Internet of Things (IoT)}, although present for several decades, started to gain a significant traction with the emergence of the 5G cellular systems and standards~\cite{palattella2016internet,8519960}. An IoT device is a physical object equipped with sensors and/or actuators, emb...
1,477,468,750,002
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Indices and partition functions of two-dimensional supersymmetric CFTs are well-known to possess modular properties. Within the context of string theory, such properties have played a central role in the study of black holes. For example, modularity leads to an asymptotic form...
1,477,468,750,003
arxiv
\section{Introduction.} In \cite{GNZihp18,GNZjde18}, we consider the semilinear parabolic system \begin{equation}\label{sys:uv} \arraycolsep=1.4pt\def2{1.6} \left\{ \begin{array}{rl} \partial_t u &= \;\;\Delta u + f(v), \\ \partial_t v &= \mu\Delta v + g(u), \end{array} \right. \quad (x,t) \in \mathbb{R}^+ \times \ma...
1,477,468,750,004
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We investigate Virtual Compton Scattering (VCS) in the time-like region of the photon momentum $k^2$, the process where the incoming photon is real with a virtual outcoming photon, decaying into an electron-positron pair. One important reason for investigating VCS is to extract the nucleon form...
1,477,468,750,005
arxiv
\section{What is the main claim of the paper? Why is this an important contribution to the machine learning literature?} We propose two widely applicable feature ranking approaches for semi-supervised learning (SSL). SSL feature ranking (or SSL in general) applies when labeling all the data takes too much time or costs...
1,477,468,750,006
arxiv
\section*{I. Introduction} The mathematical background for a non-linear Lagrangian theory of gravity was first formulated by Lovelock$^{1}$, who proposed that the most general gravitational Lagrangian is $$ {\cal L} = \sqrt {-g} \sum_{m=0}^{n/2} \lambda_{(m)} {\cal L}_{(m)} \eqno (1.1) $$ where $\lambda_{(m)}$ are ...
1,477,468,750,007
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Unimodular gravity is a theory of gravity which puts the cosmological constant problem into a new perspective \cite{vanderBij:1981ym, Zee:1983jg, Buchmuller:1988wx, Henneaux:1989zc}, for the vacuum energy does not gravitate in that theory. In unimodular gravity the cosmological constant does n...
1,477,468,750,008
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} How does depth help? This central question of deep learning still eludes full theoretical understanding. The general consensus is that there is a trade-off: increasing depth improves expressiveness, but complicates optimization. Superior expressiveness of deeper networks,...
1,477,468,750,009
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A large number of problems of fundamental and practical significance are described by partial differential equations with coefficients that vary over a wide range of length scales. For example, composite materials, porous media and turbulent transport in high Reynolds number flows are models of t...
1,477,468,750,010
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In quark-diquark models, baryons are assumed to be composed of a constituent quark, $q$, and a constituent diquark, $Q^2$ \cite{Ida:1966ev,lich}. The effective degree of freedom of diquark, introduced by Gell-Mann in his original paper on quarks \cite{GellMann:1964nj}, has been used in a large nu...
1,477,468,750,011
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgment} This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy through the Gas Phase Chemical Physics Program, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Additional support for D.H. during the preparation of this article came from the...
1,477,468,750,012
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Given a class of groups $\mathcal{C}$ it is natural to ask what finitely generated subgroups of $\mathcal{C}$-groups are like. One may hope that these are already $\mathcal{C}$-groups as is the case for the classes of free groups, surface groups and 3-manifold groups. One can also ask if groups ...
1,477,468,750,013
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The ongoing technological progress in the fabrication and control of nanoscale electronic circuits, such as quantum dots, has stimulated detailed studies of various quantum-impurity models, where a few local degrees of freedom are coupled to a continuum. Of particular interest are models with ex...
1,477,468,750,014
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we want to study the motion of an incompressible, inhomogeneous fluid whose density profile is considered to be a perturbation around a stable state, which is describe be the following system \begin{equation} \label{PBSe} \tag{PBS$_\varepsilon$} \left\lbrace \begin{aligned} ...
1,477,468,750,015
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Several black hole (BH) -- neutron star (NS) merger candidates were observed in the gravitational-wave (GW) data from the third science run of advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors. These included events such as GW190814, in which the mass measurements of the lower-mass companion could be either an...
1,477,468,750,016
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In order to reduce the electric leakage and to meet the challenge brought about by the reduced physical size of the future nano-electronics, it is being explored to replace the electron charge with the spin degree of freedom in the electronic transport. This is the ambitious goal of researchers i...
1,477,468,750,017
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we study the higher Hochschild chain\footnote{Note, that in this paper we are using a \emph{cohomological} grading for our differential graded modules, see Convention (7) on page \pageref{convention7}. Also, this paper only deals with Hochschild chains and Hochschild homology, ...
1,477,468,750,018
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} Observations over the past few years have shown that many transiting exoplanets (principally hot Jupiters) have significantly non-zero orbital inclinations. This is, in most cases, measured via the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, which is a probe of the sky-projected orbital inc...
1,477,468,750,019
arxiv
\section{The CMS Collaboration \label{app:collab}}\begin{sloppypar}\hyphenpenalty=5000\widowpenalty=500\clubpenalty=5000\input{B2G-16-027-authorlist.tex}\end{sloppypar} \end{document}
1,477,468,750,020
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Object detection serves as a fundamental task in computer vision field which has made remarkable progress by deep learning in recent years. Modern detection pipelines can be divided into two major categories of one-stage detection and two-stage detection. Generally speaking, two-stage methods (\...
1,477,468,750,021
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we consider the behaviour of minimax recursions defined on random trees. Consider a finite rooted tree with depth $m$. We will call the root ``level 0", the children of the root ``level 1", and so on. Suppose every node at levels $0,1,\dots, m-1$ has at least one child; the nodes ...
1,477,468,750,022
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Let $n$, $N$ be positive integers. Let $K\subset \mathbb{R}^N$ and $L\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be origin symmetric convex bodies, $\| \cdot \|_K$ and $\| \cdot \|_L$ be the corresponding gauges on $\mathbb{R}^N$ and $\mathbb{R}^n$, that is the norms for which $K$ and $L$ are...
1,477,468,750,023
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Acoustic imaging methods are traditionally based on the single-scattering assumption \cite{Claerbout71GEO, Stolt78GEO, Berkhout79GP, Williams80PRL, Devaney82UI, Bleistein82GEO, Maynard85JASA, Langenberg1986NDT, McMechan83GP, Esmersoy88GEO, Oristaglio89IP, Norton92JASA, Wu2004JASA, Lindsey2004AJ...
1,477,468,750,024
arxiv
\section*{•} The study of hydrodynamics\cite{Landau} in the presence of gauge and gravitational anomalies has recently received considerable attention\cite{Sonsuro:2009}-\cite{Bibhas:2013}. An important aspect of this study is the obtention of constitutive relations that express the stress tensor and gauge curr...
1,477,468,750,025
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:01} The light-matter interaction in quantum dots embedded in semiconductor microcavities is an area that has been studied widely in the last few years \cite{Tejedor-2004, Vinck-2005, Yamamoto-2000, Haroche-2007}. Moreover, the experimental realization of this kind of physical system ha...
1,477,468,750,026
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \input{introduction.tex} \section{Related Work} \label{sec:priorart} \input{related.tex} \section{Joint Event Recognition and Entity Resolution} \label{sec:corefer} \input{method.tex} \section{Experiments and Discussion} \label{sec:experiments} \input{experiments.tex} \section{Conclusi...
1,477,468,750,027
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The requirement of reproducible computational research is becoming increasingly important and mandatory across the sciences~\cite{national2019reproducibility}. Because reproducibility implies a certain level of openness and sharing of data and code, parts of the scientific community have devel...
1,477,468,750,028
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s-int} A recent study we performed on Lead Tungstate crystals has demonstrated that hadrons cause a specific, cumulative damage which only affects light transmission, while the scintillation mechanism remains unaffected~\cite{r-LTNIM,r-LYNIM}. The results were obtained exposing the crystal...
1,477,468,750,029
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Experimental observations and convincing conceptual arguments indicate that the present understanding of fundamental physics is not complete. Our theoretical formulation of the fundamental laws of Nature, the Standard Model, has been predicting with extremely high precision an ...
1,477,468,750,030
arxiv
\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-2.5ex plus \newtheoremstyle{slplain {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip\@minus.2\baselineskip {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip\@minus.2\baselineskip {\slshape { {\bfseries {. { { \theoremstyle{definition} \theoremstyle{slplain} \newtheorem...
1,477,468,750,031
arxiv
\section{optimization of the wind speed \label{sec:appendix}} Starting with the simulation results from the best fit wind velocity in fig.\ \ref{fig:advection} can be seen that the escape due to advection is far to high to match the observed data. Therefore we introduce a normalization factor $f_\mathrm{adv}$ in eq.\ \...
1,477,468,750,032
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} The origin of ultra-short period (USP) planets, i.\,e. , planets with periods shorter than one day and radii smaller than 2 \mbox{R$_\oplus$} , is still unclear. An early hypothesis suggested that USP planets and small planets in general were originally Hot Jupiters (HJs) ...
1,477,468,750,033
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It has been observed long ago that the compositions of quantum states of angular momentum are related to geometrical objects \cite{Schwinger, wigner, Bargmann}. The simplest example is the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients which vanish unless the spins satisfy the so called triangle relations. A le...
1,477,468,750,034
arxiv
\subsection{Problem Definition} In the remaining we assume that $k \eta \ge n$ since otherwise, the problem has no solution. The following observation is folklore. Given a set of centers $C$, the assignment $\mu$ minimizing the cost can be computed using a min cost flow algorithm by defining a sink with capacity $\eta...
1,477,468,750,035
arxiv
\section*{Summary} Many problems in symplectic topology, like Gromov's pseudoholomorphic curves and Floer homology, are based on the study of solution sets of nonlinear elliptic PDE. These moduli spaces exhibit lack of compactness, but on the other hand lead to very elaborate compactifications, which are the source ...
1,477,468,750,036
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction} This is a modest attempt to study, in a systematic manner, the structure of low dimensional varieties using $p$-adic invariants. The main objects of interest in this paper are surfaces and threefolds. It is known that there are many (counter) examples of ``pathological'' or un...
1,477,468,750,037
arxiv
\section*{Another Section} \section{Methods} The PriSDA\ method identifies equations that predict changes over time (using nonparametric regression, here GAMs) in a complex system described using dimension reduction and potentially other aggregate quantities. Crucial to its success is providing it data that allows l...
1,477,468,750,038
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} To understand the Universe in its vast and complex splendor seems a daunting task, yet human curiosity and wonder over centuries and civilizations have always led humankind to seek answers to some of the most compelling questions of all -- How did the Universe come to be? What ...
1,477,468,750,039
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a communication system that links a human brain activity to a machine via translating neural electrical activity into computer commands. One of the most important goals of BCI research is to enable the handicapped to control artificial limbs by only thinking a...
1,477,468,750,040
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} We would like to thank Garrett D. Cole for useful discussion on crystalline mirror materials. This work was partially funded by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQuS), project number CE110001013 and Discovery Project DP140101638. \section...
1,477,468,750,041
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Machine Translation (MT) has a long history dating from 1950s \cite{Weaver1955} as one topic of artificial intelligence (AI) or intelligent machines. It began with rule-based MT (RBMT) systems that apply human defined syntactic and semantic rules of source and target languages to th...
1,477,468,750,042
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $d$ be an integer with $d\ge2$. Given $c\in{\mathbb C}$, we define \[ p_c(z):=z^d+c \quad\text{and}\quad p_c^{[n]}:=p_c\circ\dots\circ p_c\quad\text{($n$ times)}. \] The corresponding generalized Mandelbrot set, or \emph{multibrot set}, is defined by \[ M_d:=\Bigl\{c\in{\mathbb C}: \sup_{n\...
1,477,468,750,043
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Our primary goal, in this paper, is to initiate the study of two-parameter subproduct and product systems of $C^*$-algebras, henceforth referred to as $C^*$-subproduct and product systems, building on Arveson's theory of one-parameter product and subproduct systems of Hilbert spaces \cite{Arveson...
1,477,468,750,044
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}} \else \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \fi \IEEEPARstart{M}{ost} imaging systems, for instance digital single-lens reflex cameras, have a limited depth-of-field such that the scene content within a limited distance from the imaging plane remains in focu...
1,477,468,750,045
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:level1} One of the most challenging issues in contemporary research in physics of astroparticles is the determination of the chemical composition of the highest energy primary cosmic rays (CR). The composition estimations based on data generated during experimental observations requir...
1,477,468,750,046
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The magnetization dynamics of both insulating and metallic materials can, in many cases, be described within the framework of atomistic spin dynamics (see Refs.~\cite{Bertotti2009,Eriksson2017} for an overview). This approach is valid when the electronic Hamiltonian can be mapped onto an effecti...
1,477,468,750,047
arxiv
\section{Introduction and summary} Compact stellar mass objects emit gravitational waves in the good sensitivity band of the planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) during their last year of inspiral into a supermassive black hole. The gravitational waveforms of EMRIs, extreme mass ratio insiprals, are there...
1,477,468,750,048
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Evolutionary game theory provides an analytical framework for modeling and studying continuous interactions in a large population of agents. It was introduced in \cite{smith_orig} where the authors proposed the notion of an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), which is an equilibrium charac...
1,477,468,750,049
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The field of molecular-scale electronics has been rapidly advancing over the past two decades, both in terms of experimental and numerical technology and in terms of the discovery of new physical phenomena and realization of new applications (for recent reviews please see Refs.\cite{Kohler...
1,477,468,750,050
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:Methods} Methods Summary} \textbf{Sample structures and experimental techniques} The experiments were performed on individual neutral self-assembled InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots. The sample was mounted in a helium-bath cryostat ($T$=4.2~K) with a magnetic field $B_\textrm{z}=8$~T applied in the Faraday...
1,477,468,750,051
arxiv
\section{Introduction}Recent progress in the ability to engineer nanostructured devices has opened new possibilities for studying the finite-bias transport characteristics of such systems. As the electrons occupying the nanostructure are spatially confined, local Coulomb correlations strongly affect the physics, and un...
1,477,468,750,052
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we survey some results and problems related to global representations of surfaces in three- and four-spaces by means of solutions to the Dirac equation and application of these constructions to a study of the Willmore functional and its generalizations. This activity started ten y...
1,477,468,750,053
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes\cite{Gallager62} have been widely applied to communication and data storage systems due to their capacity approaching performance. Many of these systems, such as the NAND flash memory, have strict requirements on the memory consumption and implementation c...
1,477,468,750,054
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Jack polynomials form a parametrized basis of symmetric polynomials. A~special case of these consists of the Schur polynomials, important in the character theory of the symmetric groups. By means of a commutative algebra of dif\/ferential-dif\/ference operators the theory was extended to non...
1,477,468,750,055
arxiv
\section{ Introduction} Flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) processes induced by $b\rightarrow s$ transitions are not allowed at tree level in the Standard Model (SM), but are generated at loop level and are further suppressed by the CKM factors. Therefore, these decays are very sensitive to the physics beyond the...
1,477,468,750,056
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} In recent years, black hole thermodynamics has become an active area of research in theoretical physics. Among several motivations, the main attraction lies in the fact that, black hole is the best system to seek the aspects of quantum gravity, and the thermodynamic study will...
1,477,468,750,057
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Being a consistent theory of quantum gravity, string theory is remarkable for its soft ultraviolet structure. This is mainly due to two closely related fundamental characteristics of high-energy string scattering amplitudes. The first is the softer exponential fall-off behavior of the form facto...
1,477,468,750,058
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec.introduction} Ferrogels \cite{Zrinyi1995_PolymGelsNetw,Menzel2015_PhysRep,Odenbach2016_ArchApplMech}, also known as soft magnetic materials, magnetic gels, magnetic elastomers, or magnetorheological elastomers, are manufactured by embedding colloidal magnetic particles into an elastic...
1,477,468,750,059
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Single Ring Theorem, by Guionnet, Krishnapur and Zeitouni \cite{GUI}, describes the empirical distribution of the eigenvalues of a large generic matrix with prescribed singular values, \emph{i.e. } an $N\times N$ matrix of the form $\mathbf{A}=\mathbf{U}\mathbf{T}\mathbf{V}$, with $\mathbf...
1,477,468,750,060
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The last decade has seen an accelerating trend towards astronomy dominated by large surveys, in particular to study star formation and accretion onto massive black holes on a cosmological scale. Sensitive surveys, targeting large numbers of objects, are an indispensable ingredient for this ...
1,477,468,750,061
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The reionization of the all-pervading intergalactic medium (IGM) is a landmark event in the history of cosmological structure formation. Studies of Gunn-Peterson absorption in the spectra of distant quasars show that hydrogen is highly photoionized out to redshift $z\mathrel{\spose{\lower 3pt\...
1,477,468,750,062
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Main Results} Let $(\Omega, {\cal F}, ({\cal F}_t)_{t\in[0,T]}, \P)$ be a filtered probability space, where the filtration satisfies the usual conditions and let $W=(W_t)_{t \in [0,T]}$ be a standard Brownian motion adapted to $({\cal F}_t)_{t\in[0,T]}$. We consider It\={o}{}-stochastic d...
1,477,468,750,063
arxiv
\subsection*{Abstract} \input{sections/abstract.tex} \paragraph{Keywords:} virtualization, docker, containerization, energy consumption, cloud computing, microservice. \todo{What's the size of the containers you use? Especially when you have multiple containers per machine? Did you use cgroups to limit the resources?...
1,477,468,750,064
arxiv
\subsection{Discrete-time approximation} \noindent The interval $[0,\beta]$ is divided into $m$ subintervals of length $\beta/m$. Let \be\label{xl-km+i} x^l_{km+i}=\omega_l((km+i)\beta/m),\qquad l=1,\ldots ,p,\quad k=0,\ldots,n_l-1,\quad i=1,\ldots,m,\qquad x^l_{n_l m}\equiv x^l_0=x_l, \ee cf. Eq.~(\ref{G}). ...
1,477,468,750,065
arxiv
\section{General Learning Model} \label{app:General.Learning.Model} Next we present a learning model for the joint distribution of potential outcomes, and we also show that the learning model presented in the text is a particular case of this more general learning model. Formally, for each $x \in \mathbb{X}$, the PM...
1,477,468,750,066
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A central goal of the $B$ physics program is to accurately determine the CKM parameter $|V_{ub}|$. A complication is that experiments cannot measure the total rate for inclusive $\bar B\to X_u \ell \bar\nu_\ell$ decays, because part of the available phase space is dominated by a much larger ...
1,477,468,750,067
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the past few years, \emph{graph neural networks} (GNNs)~\citep{gori2005new,scarselli2008graph,bruna2013spectral,kipf2016semi,hamilton2017inductive,dwivedi2020benchmarking} have witnessed sharply growing popularity thanks to their ability to deal with broad classes of graphs with complex rela...
1,477,468,750,068
arxiv
\section{#1}} \renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}} \newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}} \newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}} \newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}} \newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnarray}} \newcommand{\nonumber}{\nonumber} \newcommand{{\underline{1}}}{...
1,477,468,750,069
arxiv
\section{The Original Lupus Survey} The Lupus Survey was a deep transit survey of a 0.66 square degree patch of sky near the Galactic Plane (b=11$^{\circ}$). The survey was conducted using the ANU 40 Inch Telescope at Siding Spring Observatory, Australia in May and June of 2005 and 2006. In total, 1783 good quality i...
1,477,468,750,070
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A~symbolic substitution is a morphism of the free monoid. More generally, a substitution rule acts on a finite collection of tiles by first inflating them, and then subdividing them into translates of tiles of the initial collection. Substitutions thus generate symbolic dynamical system as well ...
1,477,468,750,071
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Orthomodular lattices have been studied extensively as an algebraic foundation for reasoning in quantum mechanics (see, e.g., \cite{DCGG2004}), and their assertional logic is among the most prominent quantum logics (see, e.g., \cite[p.~483]{F2016}). Regrettably, the algebraic theory of orthomodul...
1,477,468,750,072
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Investigations of particle systems with arbitrary spin was initially given by Bargmann-Wigner \cite{Bargmann} and Rarita-Schwinger \cite{Rarita}, here the Dirac representations of the spin one half particles are the basis to the construction of higher spin theories. The formalism is based on the...
1,477,468,750,073
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} In the last decade, the Stage \uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 3} sky surveys, e.g., Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS, \citealt{deJong2013ExA....35...25D}), Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC; \citealt{Aihara+18_HSC}), Dark Energy Survey (DES; \citealt{2005+DES}), have provided images of hundr...
1,477,468,750,074
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The pursuit of new light boson (LB) with mass much lighter than W and Z bosons in the standard model(SM) has a long history. A well known example is a light gauge boson under an extra $U(1)$ gauge group beyond the SM gauge group $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_Y$. However such kind of new L...
1,477,468,750,075
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Fair and efficient allocation of scarce resources is a fundamental problem in economics and computer science. The quintessential fairness notion---\emph{envy-freeness}---enjoys strong existential and computational guarantees for \emph{divisible} resources~\citep{varian1974equity}. However, in no...
1,477,468,750,076
arxiv
\section{Introduction} W. Veys determined all poles of the local topological zeta function of an isolated singular point of a plane curve \cite{V}. In particular, he showed \cite[Theorem 4.2]{V} that there is at most one pole of order two, and, if there is such a pole of order two, it is the largest pole, and its val...
1,477,468,750,077
arxiv
\section{Basic notions} \setcounter{equation}{0} Let us begin by reviewing some aspects of analysis on metric spaces. Let $(M, d(x, y))$ and $(N, \rho(u, v))$ be metric spaces, let $\alpha$ be a positive real number, and let $C$ be a nonnegative real number. A mapping $f : M \to N$ is said to be \emph{$C$-Lipsc...
1,477,468,750,078
arxiv
\chapter{Introduction to Robot Security} \label{c-cyberphysical-systems-in-robotics} Robotic technology has been around for many years now with its main application being in automation where millions of robots have been deployed over the past decades. In recent years, inflexible automation is starting to shift out of...
1,477,468,750,079
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Although boson stars \cite{KAUP,RB,R1,R2} are so far entirely theoretical constructs, they give rise to one of the simplest possible stellar environments in which to study gravitational phenomena mathematically. One can find numerical solutions which are nonsingular and yet exhibit strong gravi...
1,477,468,750,080
arxiv
\section{$SU(2)$ at infinite coupling} In the previous section we have shown quite convincing evidences of convergence problems for the MDP algorithm applied to finite baryon density simulations in $SU(3)$; we now address the same issue in the case of $SU(2)$ as gauge group. The motivation is twofold: firstly, to in...