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1,477,468,750,681 | arxiv |
\section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
Studies of inclusive \Wvar\ and \Zgam\ boson production in proton-proton collisions provide valuable information, both to test the Standard Model of particle physics and to advance our understanding of the proton's substructure. Measurements of the production cross sections $\... |
1,477,468,750,682 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the topics in the modern field of high-energy astrophysics is the origin and propagation of cosmic rays. However, the directional information of the cosmic rays is lost due to their interaction with the interstellar magnetic field.
The observation of the gamma-ray emission by the interac... |
1,477,468,750,683 | arxiv | \subsection{Introduction}
Phase-coherent transport in mesoscopic superconductor/normal metal ($S/N$)
systems has been an active area of research during the last decade \cite{LR}.
The interest in the theoretical investigations was stimulated by
impressive technological advances and by experimental activity in studying
... |
1,477,468,750,684 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the CERN LHC program underway, we started seeing an exponential acceleration of
data growths in High-Energy Physics (HEP) field. By the end of Run II, the CERN
experiments were already operating in the petabyte (PB) regime, producing
$O$(100)PB of data each year. And, the new HL-LHC progra... |
1,477,468,750,685 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section1}
In an introductory statistics course, we usually teach students how to conduct a hypothesis test based on independent samples to compare the means of two populations with equal, but unknown variance. Let $y_{ij}$ be random samples drawn from independent and normally distributed... |
1,477,468,750,686 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\IEEEPARstart{W}{ireless} network infrastructures in the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond technologies
will experience an exponential growth of interconnected devices.
(BSs) or access points (APs) making the network highly dense and of heterogeneous \cite{Xiaohu20145G}.
for the dense inter-conn... |
1,477,468,750,687 | arxiv | \subsection*{\refname}}
\bibliographystyle{naturemag}
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1,477,468,750,688 | arxiv | \section{#1}\vspace{-3pt}}
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1,477,468,750,689 | arxiv | \subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{3}%
\z@{.5\linespacing\@plus.7\linespacing}{.3\linespacing}%
{\bfseries\centering}}
\makeatother
\makeatletter
\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}%
\z@{.5\linespacing\@plus.7\linespacing}{.3\linespacing}%
{\centering}}
\makeatother
\makeatletter
\def\ifx\... |
1,477,468,750,690 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider model order reduction (MOR) of asymptotically stable linear time invariant (LTI) dynamical systems of the form
\begin{align}\label{eq:LTI}
\begin{split}
\dot{x}(t) &= Ax(t)+Bu(t), \quad x(0) = x_0, \\
y(t) &= Cx(t)+Du(t)
\end{split}
\end{align}
for $t\ge 0$ with initial valu... |
1,477,468,750,691 | arxiv | \section{NFRHT in plasmonic and polaritonic bulk systems}
We describe NFRHT at a mean temperature, $T$, by evaluating the radiative thermal conductance per unit area \cite{song_near-field_2015}:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:HTC_def}
h=\int_0^{\infty} \left[\frac{\partial}{\partial T}\theta(\omega,T)\right]\Phi\bomega... |
1,477,468,750,692 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Your computer is continuously, efficiently, and reliably executing computer
programs, but does it really understand them? Artificial intelligence
researchers have taken great strides towards teaching machines to understand
images, speech, natural text, and other media. T... |
1,477,468,750,693 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure*}
\includegraphics[height=2.3in, width=0.8\textwidth]{img/d2d_general.png}
\caption{We assume that $\mathbf{x}_A$, $\mathbf{x}_B$ are click vectors in two domains A and B from user $u$. Also, $\mathbf{x}_A$ and $\mathbf{x}_B$ can be mapped to the same latent code $\mathbf{z}$ in a s... |
1,477,468,750,694 | arxiv | \section{Introduction, definitions and notations}
The classical Hermite-Hadamard inequality \cite{Had} states that if a function $f\colon[a,b]\to\mathbb{R}$ is convex, then
\begin{equation*}
f\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)\leq \frac{1}{b-a}\int_a^b f(t)\d{t}\leq \frac{f(a)+f(b)}{2}.
\label{eq:HH-dim1}
\end{equation*... |
1,477,468,750,695 | arxiv | \section*{APPENDIX}
\section*{ACKNOWLEDGMENT}
We are grateful for the support of the Swiss Drone and Robotics Centre, the Swiss Rescue Troops, our sponsors who gave us the opportunity to develop our prototype, and the helpful advice and assistance of Michael Riner-Kuhn, Matthias Müller, Cornelia Della Casa, Luciana B... |
1,477,468,750,696 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The first direct detections of gravitational waves by the advanced LIGO detectors \cite{GW_2016, GW_2016b, GW_2017, GW_2017b} have opened the era of gravitational wave astronomy. These fascinating detection results are a consequence of technology breakthroughs allowing us to measure tiny displac... |
1,477,468,750,697 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
\label{sec:conclusion}
In this paper we demonstrated the efficacy of VQA datasets generated using 3D computer graphics to incorporate new skills into existing VQA models trained on real data. We particularly showed that we can teach a VQA model how to count objects in the real world by using only s... |
1,477,468,750,698 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the interval constrained 3-coloring problem, we are given a set $\I$ of intervals defined on $[n] := \{1,\ldots,n\}$ and a \emph{requirement} function $r : \I \to \setZ^3_{\ge 0}$, which maps each interval to a triple of non-negative integers. The objective is to determine a coloring $\chi : ... |
1,477,468,750,699 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The algebraic theory of differential equations, also known as differential algebra~\cite{Ritt}, aims at studying nonlinear differential equations using methods of algebra and algebraic geometry.
For doing this, one typically abstracts from functions (analytic, meromorphic, etc) to elements of di... |
1,477,468,750,700 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Tl-doped PbTe (Pb$_{1-x}$Tl$_{x}$Te) is a degenerate semiconductor
with a small carrier concentration of $\sim10^{20}$ holes/cm$^{3}$
or less. However, for Tl concentrations $x$ beyond a critical value
$x_c \sim 0.3 \%$ it is observed to
superconduct,\cite{Matsushita_2005} with a maximum $T_c$ o... |
1,477,468,750,701 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most crucial questions for a policy maker is how to assign a treatment to an individual or a group. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, each government has tried to find an effective order of vaccination. Recently, statistical treatment rules based on the decision theoretic fra... |
1,477,468,750,702 | arxiv | \section{Conclusions and Future Work}
Flow-based algorithms for local graph clustering exhibit very strong cut improvement and runtime guarantees. In our work we have exploited efficient warm-start and push-relabel heuristics to provide practitioners with a very simple yet fast flow-based method for real-world data min... |
1,477,468,750,703 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Face and kinship verification are two popular facial analysis tasks in computer vision. Face verification attempts to determine whether or not a given pair of face samples belong to the same subject\cite{face_verification}. Kinship verification aims to predict whether or not there is a kin relati... |
1,477,468,750,704 | arxiv | \section{Coarse-graining via the fluctuation-dissipation theorem}
A fluctuation-dissipation theorem of the second kind (FDT), according to the terminology of Kubo \cite{KTH85}, gives a one-to-one relationship between the noise and the friction properties of a diffusion process, and is formulated even far from equilibr... |
1,477,468,750,705 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Transformer language models like BERT \cite{devlin2019bert}, GPT \cite{radford2018improving, radford2019language} and XLNet \cite{yang2019xlnet}, have improved the state-of-art in many NLP tasks since their introduction. The versatility of these pre-trained models suggests that they may acquire ... |
1,477,468,750,706 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\numberwithin{equation}{section}
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray*}}{\begin{eqnarray*}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray*}}{\begin{e... |
1,477,468,750,707 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A necessity of a Green function diagonal study is directly connected with the generalized zeta-function (GZF) theory of elliptic differential operators \cite{S},
which is successfully applied to a regularization of the operators determinants \cite{H}. Such elliptic problems, for example, appea... |
1,477,468,750,708 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
\label{sec-intro
The central theme of this essay is the study of a special kind of element
of the general linear group ${\rm GL}\,(d,q)$ of nonsingular $d\times d$ matrices
over a finite field ${\rm GF}\,(q)$ of order $q$. We define these elements,
which we call {\it primitive prime divisor e... |
1,477,468,750,709 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let \(Q^m \subset {\mathbb R}^m\) be the open unit cube and \(N^n\) be a compact smooth manifold of dimension \(n\) imbedded in \({\mathbb R}^\nu\) for some \(\nu \ge 1\). Given \(k \in {\mathbb N}_*\) and \(1 \le p < +\infty\), we define the class of Sobolev maps from \(Q^m\) with values into \... |
1,477,468,750,710 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Elliptic flow is described by the differential second Fourier coefficient of
the azimuthal momentum distribution $v_{2}({\cal D})=\langle \cos(2\phi)
\rangle_{\cal D}$ \cite{Ollit92,Bar94,PosVol}. The brackets denote averaging
over many particles and events, and ${\cal D}$ represents a phase-spac... |
1,477,468,750,711 | arxiv |
\section{The Spectral Containment Property}\label{sec:eigenvaluecontainment}
We would like to relate the hyperbolicity cone of a homogeneous stable polynomial with the hyperbolicity cone of its minor lift. Recall from \Cref{def:eigenvalue_containment} that a homogeneous multiaffine stable polynomial $p$ has the \emph{... |
1,477,468,750,712 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The success of deep learning in computer vision \citep{alexnet, resnet}, natural language processing \citep{bert, gpt3}, game playing \citep{alphago, atari1, EfficientZero}, and more keeps motivating a growing body of applications of deep learning on an increasingly wide variety of domains.
In p... |
1,477,468,750,713 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\emph{Top-$k$ queries}~\cite{DBLP:conf/cikm/HuangWQZCH11,Ilyas:2008:STK:1391729.1391730,4221738} and \emph{skyline queries}~\cite{borzsony2001skyline,papadias2003optimal,tan2001efficient} have been used traditionally to
return a representative subset $\mathcal{S}$ of a database... |
1,477,468,750,714 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Understanding interface kinetics in materials is an important theoretical and
practical problem, since this process influences the microstructure, such as
the grain size, the texture, and the interface type.
From the theoretical point of view, the study of processes that involve
surface and int... |
1,477,468,750,715 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Segmentation of organs or abnormal regions is a fundamental task in clinical applications, such as diagnosis, intervention and treatment planning. Deep learning techniques are driving progress in automating the segmentation task under the full-supervision paradigm \cite{milletari2016v,cciccek201... |
1,477,468,750,716 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we investigate a class of nonconvex and nonsmooth optimization problems, where the penalty is the composition of a nonsmooth nonconvex mapping with a linear operator and the smooth part is a least squares type term.
Similar optimization problems in the case where the operator i... |
1,477,468,750,717 | arxiv | \section{introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The first detection of a binary-black hole merger, GW150914, opened the
door to gravitational-wave astronomy \citep{ligovirgo2016}. The masses
of the black holes, $\sim 29$ and $\sim 36M_\odot$, are larger than
$\sim 10$--$15M_\odot$ previously expected from galactic observatio... |
1,477,468,750,718 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Traditionally, atom tracking is used in chemistry to understand the
underlying reactions and interactions behind some chemical or
biological system. In practice, atoms are usually tracked using
isotopic labeling experiments. In a typical isotopic labeling
experiment, one or several atoms of ... |
1,477,468,750,719 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Please follow the steps outlined below when submitting your manuscript to
the IEEE Computer Society Press. This style guide now has several
important modifications (for example, you are no longer warned against the
use of sticky tape to attach your artwork to the paper), so all authors
should r... |
1,477,468,750,720 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discovery of current cosmic accelerated expansion has stimulated
many researchers to explore the cause of this tremendous change in
cosmic history. A mysterious force known as dark energy (DE) is
considered as the basic ingredient responsible for this expanding
phase of the universe. D... |
1,477,468,750,721 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
As a natural extension of image style transfer, video style transfer has recently gained interests among researchers~\cite{chen2017coherent,gupta2017characterizing,huang2017real,ruder2016artistic,ruder2018artistic,anderson2016deepmovie,chen2018stereoscopic}. Although some image style transfer me... |
1,477,468,750,722 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Most pulsars have a narrow duty cycle of emission (5-10 \% of pulsar period). This is
generally consistent with the expectations of the angular width of the polar cap, given
typical viewing geometries. However, there are a small but significant number of pulsars
with unusually wide profiles... |
1,477,468,750,723 | arxiv | \section{Additional details of the RGSep-based logic}
The unit $u_{\sf RGsep}$ does not restrict states and the allowed state
transitions of the environment, while disallowing any action in the current
thread:
\[
u_{\sf RGsep} = (
\{ ([\ ], [\ ], [\ ]) \} \times ({\sf State} \times {\sf AState} \times {\sf Tokens}), (... |
1,477,468,750,724 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is generally believed that quantised enveloping algebras are not enveloping
algebras; Chari and Pressley, for example, assert \cite[p. 258]{ChaP}
that ``there
is no quantum Lie algebra'' underlying a quantised enveloping algebra
$U_q(\mathfrak{g})$. The purpose of this paper is to challenge t... |
1,477,468,750,725 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this article we consider a scalar-on-function historical linear regression model where the functional predictor $X_i(t), i=1,\ldots,n,$ is defined on a time interval $[0,T]$ but influences the scalar response $Y_i$ only on $[0,\delta]$ for some unknown cutoff time $\delta\leq T$. Specifically... |
1,477,468,750,726 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\input{parts/part0-introduction}
\section{The iteration framework}\label{sect:framework}
\input{parts/part1-framework}
\section{Preservation of hyperimmunity}\label{sect:hyperimmunity}
\input{parts/part2-hyperimmunity}
\section{Basic preservations of hyperimmunity}\label{sect:basic-hyperimmuni... |
1,477,468,750,727 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The problem of stability of spacecrafts and underwater vehicles attracted numerous resources and led to the emergence of a significant number of theoretical studies.
In this paper we consider an idealized dynamics of spacecrafts and underwater vehicles which is a Hamilton-Poisson system. Fo... |
1,477,468,750,728 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The present paper is a sequel of a previous work\cite{borghiPRE-08}
concerning
the evaluation of saddle-point integrals of the form
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{I}(k)=\displaystyle\int_{\mathcal{C}}\,
g(s)\,\exp[-k\,f(s)]\,\mathrm{d}s,
\label{sd.1}
\end{equation}
where $\mathcal{C}$... |
1,477,468,750,729 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $f_t$'s ($t\in[0,T)$) be a one-parameter $C^{\infty}$-family of immersions
of a manifold $M$ into a Riemannian manifold $N$, where $T$ is a positive
constant or $T=\infty$. Define a map
$\widetilde f:M\times[0,T)\to N$ by $\widetilde f(x,t)=f_t(x)$
($(x,t)\in M\times[0,T)$). If, for... |
1,477,468,750,730 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The origin of energetic particles accelerated in solar events is still an open question. While flares and shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are believed to be two sources of solar energetic particle (SEP) acceleration in impulsive and gradual SEP events respectively \citep[e.g.][]{R... |
1,477,468,750,731 | arxiv |
\section{Appendix}\label{sec:appendix}
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{./Sections/Image/subtaska1.pdf}
\caption{Macro-average F1-scores for sub-task A based on 10-fold cross validation. Asterisks indicate a statistically significant
difference, where ** denotes 1e-04 ... |
1,477,468,750,732 | arxiv | \section{Extended Mott-Hagedorn resonance gas}
\subsection{No quarks and gluons; hadronic spectral function with
state-independent ansatz}
We introduce the width $\Gamma$ of a resonance in the statistical
model through the spectral function
\begin{equation}
\label{one}
A(M,m)=N_M \frac{\Gamma \cdot m}{(M^2-m^2)^2+\Gamm... |
1,477,468,750,733 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Let $\field$ be $\real$ or $\complex$.
Throughout this paper, unless otherwise stated, all mappings are smooth
(that is, of class $C^{\infty}$ if $\field$ = $\real$ or holomorphic if $\field$ = $\complex$).
Let $S$ be a subset consisting of $r$ distinct points in $\field^n... |
1,477,468,750,734 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Classically, there exist two main approaches to the theory of elliptic functions: the Jacobi approach
based on the theory of theta-functions, and the Weierstrass approach.
Each of these two pictures has its advantages and disadvantages when tackling a concrete problem, but essentially they
are ... |
1,477,468,750,735 | arxiv | \section{Additional ablational results }In this section, We present more comparison results of the ablation experiments, showing the impacts of $L_{point}$ and $L_{line}$ respectively. In \refFig{fig:appendix_point_pascal} to \refFig{fig:appendix_point_city}, we visualize the category-level potential fields of the gro... |
1,477,468,750,736 | arxiv | \section{Surface states} \label{app:SS}
\end{document}
|
1,477,468,750,737 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The early inflationary period of our universe is a phase of very rapid and nearly exponential accelerated expansion. This phase was proposed in order to resolve the three puzzles of the standard Big Bang cosmology -- the horizon problem, the flatness problem and the problem of the hitherto u... |
1,477,468,750,738 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Organometallic complexes containing magnetic centers are currently under intense investigation for their
potential uses as building blocks for nanotechnologies. Low-dimensional magnetic nanostructures have a
high potential for applications in spintronics, magnetic recording and sensing dev... |
1,477,468,750,739 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dust in the universe can absorb and re-emit up to 30$\%$ of starlight in the infrared \citep{Hauser2001}.
Hence, the formation of dust has become one of the most important topics in galaxy evolution.
It is well known that there are two types of stellar sources that produce dust.
Asymptotic gia... |
1,477,468,750,740 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $S$ be a closed oriented surface of genus at least $2$ and let $\mathcal{T}(S)$ indicate the Teichm\"uller space of marked hyperbolic structures on $S$.
Let $\gamma$ be the free homotopy class of an immersed curve on $S$, and consider $\ell(\gamma):\mathcal{T}(S)\to \mathbb{R}$, the hyperbo... |
1,477,468,750,741 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\indent \indent
It has been proved in \cite{ExtMod1} that the scope of
the HLS model \cite{HLSRef,FKTUY}, suitably broken \cite{taupaper}, can be extended in order
to include annihilation processes like $e^+e^- \ra (\pi^0/\eta) \gamma$,
$e^+e^- \ra \pi^+ \pi^-\pi^0$ and decay spectra like $\et... |
1,477,468,750,742 | arxiv | \subsection{Proof of Asymptotic Characterization}
\subsubsection{Convergence in Wasserstein Distance}
\begin{comment}
In this section, we first prove an intermediate result (Lemma \ref{lem:CGMT})
that leads to our asymptotic characterization in Theorem \ref{thm:asymp_char}.
The main idea is to express limiting... |
1,477,468,750,743 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Sound generation algorithms synthesize a time domain waveform. This waveform should be coherent and appropriate for its intended use. These waveforms can convey complex and varied information. Deep generative networks \cite{gm_comprehensive_2020} have demonstrated great p... |
1,477,468,750,744 | arxiv | \section{Experiments}
\begin{figure}[tb]
\renewcommand{\captionfont}{\small}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.56]{figures/aless300.jpg}
\caption{\textbf{Experiments on \cite{cimatti2016dynamic}'s benchmark from which DTNs and STNs have been removed.} The X-axis represents the allocated time in seconds and the Y-axi... |
1,477,468,750,745 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Anti-de Sitter spacetime is a maximally symmetric spacetime with negative constant curvature and a unique solution, which is strictly stationary, of Einstein's equations with a negative cosmological constant \cite{Boucher:1983cv}. In theoretical physics, the Anti-de Sitter spacetime has a cen... |
1,477,468,750,746 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
While graphene\cite{Novoselov2004} has proven to be a remarkable material, with electronic properties that are interesting from a
fundamental\cite{Neto2009,Novoselov2005} as well as a technological viewpoint,\cite{Geim2007,Geim2009}
the absence of a band gap severely limits its possible appl... |
1,477,468,750,747 | arxiv | \section{\large{Introduction}}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Let ${\mathcal S}(\RR^+)$ denote the space of restrictions to $\RR^+$ of functions in ${\mathcal S}(\RR)$.
Say $0 \not\equiv f_0 \in {\mathcal S}(\RR^+)$, and let
\[f(s) = sf_0(s).\]
One then has
the {\em Calder\'on formula} for $f$: if $c \in (0,\infty)$ is defi... |
1,477,468,750,748 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The idea of robotic soccer games was proposed as a novel research topic in 1992, and since then the RoboCup has been considered as an annual international competition for developing new ideas in A.I. and robotics.
This competition is formed of various leagues such as Rescue\cite{resque1,resque... |
1,477,468,750,749 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\par
A supersolid is a solid with superfluidity, and has been sought in
recent decades in He II \cite{Andreev1969,Chester1970,Leggett1970,Matsuda1970,Boninsegni2012}.
Recently it was created experimentally in an optical lattice \cite{Leonard2017,Li2017,Tanzi2019,Bottcher2019,Chomaz... |
1,477,468,750,750 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{S-Intro}
A liquid film flowing down a vertical fibre is often encountered in
a wide variety of technological applications such as condensers,
emergency cooling of nuclear fuel rods and optical fibre coating. It
can also serve as a simple prototype for the study of wave
instabilitie... |
1,477,468,750,751 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:Intro}INTRODUCTION\protect\\}
The 7-and-8 TeV run (Run 1) of the LHC has been a great success,
but no New Physics (NP) has emerged.
The hint of NP in the forward-backward asymmetry
of $B\to K^*\ell^+\ell^-$ decay~\cite{Wei:2009zv} from the B factories
was eliminated by LHCb~\cite{Aaij:2011aa} early... |
1,477,468,750,752 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{introduction} }
The Caltech Faint Galaxy Redshift Survey, (henceforth CFGRS),
is designed to measure the properties of field galaxies in the redshift
interval $0.3\lesssim z\lesssim1.3$.
It uses complete samples to a fixed limiting magnitude in a particular
bandpass within a small solid... |
1,477,468,750,753 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}%
The capillary interaction of liquids with soft solids is a ubiquitous situation in natural or technological settings~\cite{Andreotti:ARFM2020,Bense:2019,Chen:COCIS2018,Style:ARCMP2017}, ranging from droplets that interact with epithelia, for instance in the human eye~\cite{Holly:EER1971}, or epi... |
1,477,468,750,754 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
A personalized recommendation, tailored to individual characteristics,
is becoming increasingly popular in real life such as healthcare,
education, e-commerce, etc. An optimal \textit{individualized treatment
rule} (ITR) is defined as maximizing \textit{the mean value function
... |
1,477,468,750,755 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The formation and growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their host-galaxies are related processes. This is supported by various observational signatures: the SMBH mass correlates with the mass of the bulge of the host-galaxy (\citealt{1998AJ....115.2285M,2003ApJ...589L..21M}), with the v... |
1,477,468,750,756 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
String/M theory has led to a rich web of non-perturbative dualities between supersymmetric field theories. Checking/exploiting/extending these dualities requires exact computations in field theories. In recent years, using methods based on localization, several exact quantities in supersymmetric ... |
1,477,468,750,757 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Turbulence in compressible fluids is not well understood. One
of the open questions is the existence of the so called inertial range,
where the kinetic energy cascades
(usually from large to small scales) without any losses.
In the incompressible approximation hydrodynamic (HD) turbulence
ty... |
1,477,468,750,758 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
By now, holography has established itself as one of the main tools used to gain insights into the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of strongly coupled field theories. Mapping the process of thermalization into black hole formation in asymptotically Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime, gauge/gravity \cite{... |
1,477,468,750,759 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Web applications constitute valuable up-to-date tools in a number of different cases. One such case is their use in the management of environmental problems so as to protect civilians from any unfortunate consequences that these problems can cause. Their evolution, therefore, has been especially... |
1,477,468,750,760 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{s1}
The Hamiltonian or canonical approach to quantum gravity
\cite{1} aims at implementing the constraints as operators on a Hilbert
space. In the classical theory, the constraints
generate the Einstein equations via the Hamiltonian equations of motion
\cite{2}. They underlie the numeric... |
1,477,468,750,761 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent Spectroscopy is a fundamental exploratory tool in the study of astronomy to investigate plasma components, density, and temperature in stars, planets, interstellar material, etc. A diffraction grating is an important spectroscope component exhibiting a periodic structure that diffracts ... |
1,477,468,750,762 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}}
Heavy ion collisions have been used to study
the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) phase transition into a hadronic gas [1--4]
for more than a decade. The phase transition was initially assumed to be
either first or second order [5--8], but the quantum chromodynamics
(QCD) calculations proved that... |
1,477,468,750,763 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusions}
\label{sec:conclusions}
In this paper, we demonstrate the spontaneous apsidal clustering of orbits of low mass bodies in $N$-body simulations of a primordial scattered disk between $\sim$100--1000 AU.
As in \citet{zderic2020a}, we find that apsidal clustering begins after the inclination instab... |
1,477,468,750,764 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:introduction} Introduction}
In a quantum wire (quasi-one-dimensional geometry), the quantities of
interest, such as conductance, are not selfaveraging.
\cite{dittrich97}
Thus, a statistical description of a variety of quantum effects, such as
universal conductance fluctuations, requires the conduc... |
1,477,468,750,765 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Topological insulators (TIs) are a class of materials that are currently the focus of considerable attention since they represent a new state of matter in which the bulk is an insulator with an "inverted" energy gap induced by a strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), which leads to the emergence of un... |
1,477,468,750,766 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we study symbiotic bright solitary wave solutions
of two-component system of time-dependent nonlinear
Schr\"{o}dinger equations called Gross-Pitaevskii equations given
by \begin{equation}\label{1.3}\left\{\begin{array}{l}
i \hbar\partial_t\psi_1=-\frac{\hbar^2}{2m}\Delta\psi_1+\t... |
1,477,468,750,767 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cavity optomechanical systems offer a new arena for studying nonlinear optics, the quantum behavior of massive objects, and possible connections between quantum optics and condensed matter systems \cite{2007_OpticsExpress_Kippenberg_Vahala, Marquardt2009Optomechanics, Heinrich2011Collective, Pik... |
1,477,468,750,768 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The \ftime{generalized hypergeometric series}
$
\texthyper{p}{q}%
{\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_{p}}
{\beta_1,\ldots,\beta_q}{x}
$
is defined by
\begin{equation}\label{E:hser_pre}
\hyper{p}{q}%
{\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\ldots,\alpha_{p}}
{\beta_1,\beta_2,\ldots,\beta_q}{x}
\coloneqq
\sum_{n=0... |
1,477,468,750,769 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
A {\em generalised $d$-gon} is a point--line incidence geometry $\Gamma$ whose bipartite incidence graph has diameter $d$ and girth $2d$.
If each point of $\Gamma$ is incident with at least three lines, and each line is incident with at least three points, then $\Gamma$ is sai... |
1,477,468,750,770 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
\ifCLASSOPTIONcaptionsoff
\newpage
\fi
\newpage
\bibliographystyle{plainnat}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Soft continuum manipulator arms are lightweight, cheap to make, and their inherent compliance carries the promise to enable safe interaction with humans, delicate obje... |
1,477,468,750,771 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In a recent paper\cite{evans-99-2} we considered the collection of
decays $B^+\to D_{s,d}^{(*)+}e^+e^-$. The decay rate for these is
proportional to $|V_{ub}|^2$. We found that over a large kinematic
domain one can reliably estimate the rate (in terms of
$|V_{ub}|^2$). The process is first order ... |
1,477,468,750,772 | arxiv |
\subsection{Proof strategy}
To establish the posterior concentration rate for $\Psi$ and $\Omega$, we followed \citet{Ning2020} and \citet{Bai2020_groupSSL} and first showed that the posterior concentrates in log-affinity (see Section~\ref{sec:log_affinity_to_sieve} in the Supplementary Materials for details).
Posteri... |
1,477,468,750,773 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The method of implicitization via moving hypersurfaces of rational parameterized varieties developed by Sederberg and his collaborators in the 90's (cf. \cite{SGH97, CGZ00} and the references therein) can be properly formulated and studied via the Rees algebra of the input data, as shown in \cit... |
1,477,468,750,774 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{}
Let $\U =\U^-\U^0\U^+$ be a Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum group (of finite type). There are several remarkable bases for $\U^-$, known as PBW basis and canonical basis. The PBW basis is orthogonal with respect to a natural bilinear form on $\U^-$, providing an approach to the constructio... |
1,477,468,750,775 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Intr}
Interaction between pairs of quasiparticles often leads to broken-symmetry
ground states in solids. Typical examples are the formation of Cooper pairs
in superconductors, or charge (CDW) and spin (SDW) density waves driven by
electron-phonon and electron-electron interaction... |
1,477,468,750,776 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ability to monitor the gamma-ray sky continuously is extremely important. The majority of gamma-ray sources are variable, exhibiting flares and transient outbursts on time scales from seconds to years. While there are currently several all-sky monitors in the hard X-ray energy range providi... |
1,477,468,750,777 | arxiv | \section{The group action case}\label{sec:actioncase}
In this section we consider the action of a compact Lie group $G$ on a complete bornological algebra $A$
and then specialize to the case where $A$ is the algebra of smooth functions
on a smooth $G$-manifold $M$. The general assumption hereby is always that the acti... |
1,477,468,750,778 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Generalized K\"ahler geometry and generalized Calabi-Yau structures first arose
from investigations into
supersymmetric sigma models \cite{Gates}. These structures were rediscovered in
the work of
Hitchin \cite{Hitchin}, growing out of a search for special geometries defined
by
volume functiona... |
1,477,468,750,779 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The rod-shaped bacterium \textit{Escherichia coli} usually divides in
the center of its long axis between the two segregated copies of its
chromosome. The position of the division plane is determined by the
Z-ring, a structure built from the protein FtsZ, which is associated with
the cytopla... |
1,477,468,750,780 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Jammers typically aim to cause a denial of service (DoS) or reduction of quality (RoQ) at the receiver \cite{orakcal2014jamming} without getting detected. They exploit the wireless transmission by mixing their signals with legitimate communication. As a result, the received frame becomes undeco... |
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