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2,869,038,154,628 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The development of distributed computing and machine learning provides various industries like internet, finance and medicine with great support. However, with increasing concerns on data leakage and the introduction of relevant laws and regulations, enterprises and institutions are strictly rest... |
2,869,038,154,629 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $S$ be a
collection of $n$ points $p_1,\ldots,p_n$ in the Euclidean plane.
We want to
find a connected set that contains $S$ whose length is minimal, namely
\begin{equation}\label{ste}
\inf \{\mathcal{H}^1(K) : K \subset \mathbb{R}^2, \mbox{ connected and such that } S
\subset K\}\,.
\end{e... |
2,869,038,154,630 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s_intro}
Let~$\B(\ell^2)$ denote the space of bounded linear operators
on~$\ell^2$. The Schur multipliers of $\B(\ell^2)$ have attracted
considerable attention in the literature. These are the (necessarily
bounded) maps of the form \[M(\phi)\colon \B(\ell^2)\to
\B(\ell^2),\quad T\mapsto \p... |
2,869,038,154,631 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Time-scale calculus is a recent and exciting mathematical theory
that unifies two existing approaches to dynamic modelling --- difference and differential equations ---
into a general framework called dynamic models on time scales \cite{BohnerDEOTS,Hilger97,moz}.
Since a more general appro... |
2,869,038,154,632 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, in the paper \cite{ADL}, it has been studied the following
system
\begin{equation}\label{eq:SP}
\left\{
\begin{array}{ll}
-\Delta u=\eta|u|^{p-1}u + \varepsilon q\phi f(u)& \text{in } \O, \\
- \Delta \phi=2 qF(u)& \text{in } \O, \\
u=\phi=0 & \text{on }\partial \O,
\end{array}
... |
2,869,038,154,633 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Relative Steinberg groups \(\stlin(R, I)\) were defined in the stable linear case by F. Keune and J.-L. Loday in \cite{Keune, Loday}. Namely, this group is just
\[\frac{\Ker\bigl(p_{2*} \colon \stlin(I \rtimes R) \to \stlin(R)\bigr)}{\bigl[\Ker(p_{1*}), \Ker(p_{2*})\bigr]},\]
where \(R\) is ... |
2,869,038,154,634 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Video has become a highly significant form of visual data, and the amount of video content uploaded to various online platforms has increased dramatically in recent years. In this regard, efficient ways of handling video have become increasingly important. One popular solution is to summarize v... |
2,869,038,154,635 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Extremely high energy (EHE) cosmic rays beyond $100~{\rm EeV}$
have been observed in a couple of decades \citep{takeda98,abbasi04a},
but their origin still remains enigmatic.
In regard to the generation of the EHE particles, there are two
alternative schemes: the ``top-down'' scenario that hypot... |
2,869,038,154,636 | arxiv |
\section{The Bi-criteria Case}
In this section we present a lower bound for the expected number of Pareto optimal solutions in bi-criteria optimization problems that shows that the upper bound of Beier, R\"{o}glin, and V\"{o}cking \cite{DBLP:conf/ipco/BeierRV07} cannot be significantly improved. To prove this lower ... |
2,869,038,154,637 | arxiv | \section*{abstract}
Influenza A is a serious disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality, and vaccines against the seasonal influenza disease are of variable effectiveness. In this paper, we discuss use of the
$p_{\rm epitope}$
method to predict the dominant influenza strain and the expected vaccine eff... |
2,869,038,154,638 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Black objects (holes, strings, rings etc.) in higher dimensional
spacetimes have attracted a lot of attention recently. The existence
of higher than 4 dimensions of the spacetime is a natural consequence
of the consistency requirement in the string theory. Models with
large extra dimensions, or... |
2,869,038,154,639 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Learning with ambiguity has become one of the most prevalent research topics. The traditional way to solve machine learning problems is based on single-label learning (SLL) and multi-label learning (MLL) \cite{tsoumakas2007multiMLL,xu2016multi}. Concerning the SLL framework, an instance is always... |
2,869,038,154,640 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Convolutional codes were introduced by Elias in 1955 \cite{Eli}. These codes became popular when in 1967 Viterbi invented his decoding algorithm \cite{Vit} and Forney \cite{For} drew a \emph{code trellis} which made understanding the Viterbi algorithm easy and its maximum-likelihood nature ... |
2,869,038,154,641 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Brown dwarfs are stellar-like objects with a mass too low for stable nuclear fusion. During the first Gyr of a brown dwarf's life, the luminosity decreases by a factor of $\sim$100, and 1 -- 73 Jupiter-mass brown dwarfs cool to
effective temperatures ($T_{\rm eff}$) of $\sim$200 -- 2000~K resp... |
2,869,038,154,642 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Interaction between the driver and the car is becoming an increasingly popular topic. Speech modality, which is commonly used in personal assistant systems in production vehicles, assists the driver by reducing touch-based interaction which can be a source of distraction \cite{tscharn2017stop, ru... |
2,869,038,154,643 | arxiv |
\section{\texorpdfstring
{Orbital $n$ and bond $\bar{n}$ notations}
{Orbital n and bond bar(n) notations}}
In the subsequent analysis, sites are labeled by $n$, and bonds by $\bar{n}$.
The labels $n$ are understood to take on a numerical value indicating the location of the orbital, in units of $\frac{2 \pi \ell_B^2... |
2,869,038,154,644 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are quite a few effects in quantum field theory due to
boundaries or non-trivial spacetime topology. Topological mass
generation and the Casimir effect are beautiful and simple
manifestations of them (see for example
\cite{top-mass}-\cite{Casimir}). Theories at non-zero temperature,
which ... |
2,869,038,154,645 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Difficulty usually emerges from the characterization and understanding of complex systems,
since we cannot split a complex system into several simpler subsystems without tampering its
dynamical properties~\cite{Kantelhardt2009}. To address this difficulty,
researchers have to turn to analyze thei... |
2,869,038,154,646 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The (chordal) Schramm-Loewner evolution with
parameter $\kappa >0$ ($SLE_\kappa$) is a measure on
curves connecting two distinct boundary points $z,w$ of a simply
connected domain $D$. As originally defined by Schramm \cite{Oded}, this
is a probability measure on paths. If $\kappa \leq 4$,... |
2,869,038,154,647 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgment}
The work presented in this paper has been partially supported by the HisDoc~III project funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation with the grant number $205120$\textunderscore$169618$.
\newpage
\section{Conclusion}
\label{toc:conclusion}
This paper is a proof-of-concept in which we ... |
2,869,038,154,648 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Attempts to understand partial differential equations in relation to stochastic processes have been developed for several decades.
These approaches give us different perspectives on studying PDEs.
For instance, we can derive Laplace equation from standard Brownian motion and its transition sem... |
2,869,038,154,649 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent
The surface tension of a simple drop of liquid has captured the imagination of
scientists dating back to the pioneering work of J. Williard Gibbs \cite{Gibbs}.
This interest continues with the main focus of attention directed
towards the description of the deviation of the surface tens... |
2,869,038,154,650 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In quantum gravity, gravity would thermalize. In order to define thermal equilibrium in quantum gravity, we need some observables that will reach or tend toward equilibrium. These must be (quasi-)local observables defined on the boundary of a quantum spacetime since there do not exist local ... |
2,869,038,154,651 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
\textit{
Learning-based visual odometry and SLAM methods demonstrate a steady improvement over past years. However, collecting ground truth poses to train these methods is difficult and expensive. This could be resolved by training in an unsupervised mode, but there is still a large gap between perf... |
2,869,038,154,652 | arxiv | \subsection{\texorpdfstring{}{}}}
\newcommand{\subsection{}}{\subsection{}}
\newcommand{\parref}[1]{\hyperref[#1]{\S\ref*{#1}}}
\newcommand{\chapref}[1]{\hyperref[#1]{Chapter~\ref*{#1}}}
\makeatletter
\newcommand*\if@single[3]{%
\setbox0\hbox{${\mathaccent"0362{#1}}^H$}%
\setbox2\hbox{${\mathaccent"0362{\kern0pt#1... |
2,869,038,154,653 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Unordered maps are a commonly used abstract data types, which store key-value associations: You can \emph{search} for which value is associated with a given key, \emph{insert} a new key-value pair association, or \emph{remove} a key-value pair association.
\emph{0rdered maps} also support predec... |
2,869,038,154,654 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Generation of versatile quantum networks is one of the key features towards efficient and scalable quantum information processing. Recently their continuous variable implementation has raised a lot of interests \cite{Braunstein:2005wr}, in particular in optics where practical preparation and meas... |
2,869,038,154,655 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:i}
A Traveling Salesman wants to visit all vertices of a graph $G=(V,E)$, starting from his home $s\in V$, and -- since it is Friday -- ending his tour at his week-end residence, $t\in V$.
Given the nonnegative valued length function $c:E\longrightarrow \mathbb{R}_+$, he is looking... |
2,869,038,154,656 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the 1960s H.~Davenport popularized the following problem, motivated by an application in algebraic number theory.
Let $G$ be an additive finite abelian group. Determine the smallest integer $\ell$ such that each sequence over $G$ of length at least $\ell$ has a non-empty subsequence the sum o... |
2,869,038,154,657 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The state of an $n$-dimensional system is represented by an $n \times n$ density operator, which needs $n^{2}-1$ real independent parameters for its complete specification. Any density operator in its eigenbasis can be represented as $\rho= \sum _{i=1}^{n} p_{i} \hat{P_{i}}$, where $p_{i}= Tr(\r... |
2,869,038,154,658 | arxiv | \subsection{Acknowledgements:}}
\def\APPENDIX#1#2{\par\penalty-300\vskip\chapterskip
\spacecheck\chapterminspace \chapterreset \xdef\chapterlabel{#1}
\titlestyle{APPENDIX #2} \nobreak\vskip\headskip \penalty 30000
\wlog{\string\Appendix~\chapterlabel} }
\def\Appendix#1{\APPENDIX{#1}{#1}}
\def |
2,869,038,154,659 | arxiv | \chapter{Background}
In this chapter we compare the StarGAN against recent facial expressions studies conducted by different approaches. These are basically the baseline models which perform image-to-image translation \cite{kollias8,kollias9} for different domains and how the Star GAN has improved upon these models.
We... |
2,869,038,154,660 | arxiv | \subsection*{Notation}\scriptsize
\fontsize{12pt}{14.4pt}\selectfont{\textbf{1. Introduction\\}}\normalsize
Environmental stressors are among the main causes of power system disturbances worldwide \cite{panteli2015influence}. High temperatures, for instance, can limit the transfer capability of transmission lines b... |
2,869,038,154,661 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
The universal low-energy few-body dynamics of two-species compounds is of much
interest both for atomic and many-body physics.
In this respect, the study of the three-body energy spectrum gives insight
into the role of triatomic molecules and few-body scattering.
The are... |
2,869,038,154,662 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Very High Energy (VHE) $\gamma$-ray astronomy \cite{ong} is still
in its infancy. Operating in the energy
range from $\sim$\,100 GeV to 30 TeV and beyond, this subfield of
astronomy represents an exciting,
relatively unsampled region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and a
tremendous challen... |
2,869,038,154,663 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
The light element beryllium (Be) has very special origins. The
primordial Be abundance (on the order of $N\rmn{(Be/H)}=10^{-17}$,
\citealt{thomas1994}) is negligible as predicted by the standard Big
Bang Nucleosynthesis. Be can not be produced by nuclear fusion in
the interiors of s... |
2,869,038,154,664 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection{section}{1}%
\z@{-.7\linespacing\@plus -\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
{\normalfont\scshape\centering}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}%
\z@{-.5\linespacing\@plus -.7\linespacing}{.5em}%
{\normalfont\bfseries\mathversion{bold}}}
\makeatother
\allowdisplaybreaks
\numberwit... |
2,869,038,154,665 | arxiv | \section{IV. CONCLUSION}
In summary, we have systematically investigated the evolution of electronic states in the band structure of La:BaSnO$_\text{3}$ films at different La doping levels. A close connection between the transport and the spectroscopic characteristics is demonstrated. In particular, increasing the... |
2,869,038,154,666 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A flexible and versatile way to model dependence is via copulas. A
fundamental tool for inference is the empirical copula, which basically
is equal to the empirical distribution function of the sample of
multivariate ranks, rescaled to the unit interval. The asymptotic
behavior of the empi... |
2,869,038,154,667 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Obstacle avoidance is a significant step in autonomous driving and intelligent vehicle design.
In complex traffic environments,
moving objects such as cars and pedestrians are harder to detect and localize,
and are yet more threatening obstacles than stationary objects.
In such envi... |
2,869,038,154,668 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics contains three fermion families which acquire mass by means of the interaction with the Higgs boson. The two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) is one of the simplest ways to extend the Higgs sector, which is the least constrained sector of ... |
2,869,038,154,669 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Understanding nanoscale effects is one of the most exciting scientific endeavours. It underpins very diverse research areas such as the mechanisms of life~\cite{Schechter2008,MYS+2011, Thomas2012, Wang2019}, quantum information~\cite{TARASOV2009, Laucht2021, Heinrich2021}, and fundamental pheno... |
2,869,038,154,670 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Merging compact binaries have long been thought to be promising sources of
gravitational waves that might be detectable in ground-based (Advanced LIGO,
Advanced VIRGO, KAGRA, etc) \cite{LIGO,VIRGO,KAGRA} or space-based (eLISA)
\cite{eLISA} experiments. With the first observ... |
2,869,038,154,671 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Many interesting \(\Cst\)\nobreakdash-algebras may be realised as
\(\Cst\)\nobreakdash-algebras of étale, locally compact groupoids. Examples
are the \(\Cst\)\nobreakdash-algebras associated to group actions on spaces,
(higher-rank) graphs, and self-similar groups. These exam... |
2,869,038,154,672 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusion}
\vspace{-0.1cm}
In this paper, we have shown that many of the supervised robust methods do not learn anything useful under high label noise rates.
However, they perform significantly better with the SimCLR initializer on image datasets and can even outperform previous state-of-the-art methods for... |
2,869,038,154,673 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Resource allocation has become an indispensable part of the design of any engineering system that consumes resources, such as electricity power in home energy management \cite{DeAngelis13}, access bandwidth and battery life in wireless communications \cite{Inaltekin05}, computing bandwidth under ... |
2,869,038,154,674 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Technologies that enable detection of quanta of electromagnetic radiation, i.e. single photons, are widely used in particle physics, and find application in the fields of medical imaging, LIDAR, quantum science, biology, and others \cite{Review1, Review2}.
Despite their bulkine... |
2,869,038,154,675 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the literature several examples of multiplication of
distributions exist, more or less interesting and more or less
useful for concrete applications. In \cite{bag1} and \cite{bag2} we
have proposed our own definition of multiplication in one spatial
dimension, $d=1$, and we have proved that ... |
2,869,038,154,676 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Differential Privacy (DP) and its applications to machine learning (ML) have established themselves as the tool of choice for statistical analyses on sensitive data. They allow analysts working with such data to obtain useful insights while offering objective guarantees of privacy to the individ... |
2,869,038,154,677 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The goal of the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is to make a measurement of the neutrino mixing angle $\sin^2 2\theta_{13}$ to a precision of 0.01 at 90\% confidence within three years of running \cite{Guo:2007ug}. The experiment has already released its first measurements of $\sin^2 2\thet... |
2,869,038,154,678 | arxiv | \section*{#1}}
\newcommand{{\sffamily Flip}\xspace}{{\sffamily Flip}\xspace}
\newcommand{{\sffamily ReCom}\xspace}{{\sffamily ReCom}\xspace}
\newcommand{\hbox{\sffamily Node Choice}\xspace}{\hbox{\sffamily Node Choice}\xspace}
\newcommand{\hspace{2in}}{\hspace{2in}}
\newcommand{\todo}[1]{{\bfseries \scriptsize \color{... |
2,869,038,154,679 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Teleoperation systems with haptic feedback allow a human user to immerse into a distant or
inaccessible environment to perform complex tasks. A typical teleoperation system comprises a slave and a master device, which exchange haptic information (forces, torques,
position, velocity), video signa... |
2,869,038,154,680 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Semiconductor-based quantum dots and transition-metal oxides are both subjects of current interest in condensed matter physics, yet with seemingly little connection to each other.
Transition-metal oxides are studied typically as bulk materials in which atomic-scale Coulomb interactions profoun... |
2,869,038,154,681 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In a recent paper~\cite{Gilkes1994} the EOS collaboration reported
some very interesting results on the critical point behavior of
nuclear matter. The analysis of the data is based on percolation
model predictions due to Campi~\cite{Campi1986}.
In this analysis, three parameters
appear, one bei... |
2,869,038,154,682 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The goal of the present article is to investigate homotopy theoretic properties of L-spectra of the integers. We will concentrate on two particular flavours: On the one hand, we shall consider the classical quadratic L-spectrum $\L^{\mathrm{q}}(\mathbb{Z})$, whose homotopy groups arise as recep... |
2,869,038,154,683 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
In this work, we present an architecture designed to infer bird's-eye-view representations from arbitrary camera rigs. Our model outperforms baselines on a suite of benchmark segmentation tasks designed to probe the model's ability to represent semantics in the bird's-eye-view frame without any acc... |
2,869,038,154,684 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A new technique called `polarization' has recently been introduced in \cite{ari} to develop efficient channel coding schemes. The codes resulting from this technique, called polar codes, have several nice attributes: (1) they are linear codes generated by a low-complexity deterministic matrix (2... |
2,869,038,154,685 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The intrinsic spin angular momentum is an important property not only in quantum mechanical descriptions of fundamental particles but also in polarization representations of general wave mechanics~\cite{long2018,burns2020acoustic,shi2019observation,burns2020acoustic}. For electromagnetic and elas... |
2,869,038,154,686 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s1}
All graphs considered in this paper are finite, undirected and simple. Let $G$ be a graph with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$. Let $\vec{E}(G)$ be the set $\{e_{uv},e_{vu}~|~uv\in E(G)\}$, where $e_{uv}$ denotes the ordered pair $(u,v)$. We use $\mathbb{T}$ to denote the the m... |
2,869,038,154,687 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The precise determination of the present-day expansion rate of the Universe, expressed by the Hubble constant $H_0$, is one of the most challenging tasks of modern cosmology.
Indeed, the value of $H_0$ inferred from different observations appears to be in persistent discrepanc... |
2,869,038,154,688 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
Here, we report on presentations and discussions that took place
at the OC1 parallel session entitled ``Primordial Gravitational Waves
and the CMB". The programme was designed to include both theoretical
and observational results. The electronic versions of some of the
talks deliv... |
2,869,038,154,689 | arxiv | \section{Outline: Patterns in the Cosmic Web}
\noindent The spatial cosmic matter distribution on scales of a few up to more than a hundred
Megaparsec displays a salient and pervasive foamlike pattern. Revealed through the painstaking efforts
of redshift survey campaigns, it has completely revised our view of the mat... |
2,869,038,154,690 | arxiv | \part{Use this type of header for very long papers only}
\section{Introduction.}
The Euclidean algorithm is the process of comparison of commensurable magnitudes and the modular group $\mathrm{PSL}_2 (\Z)$ is an encoding of this algorithm. Since the intellect is ultimately about comparison of magnitudes, it should co... |
2,869,038,154,691 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Electromagnetism is the theory of electric charge, light, and spin. Maxwell electromagnetism is the standard model [1]. However, although all successful, it contains limitations as being linear, subsidiary potential fields, polarization, and magnetization vectors defined by hand, passive light, ... |
2,869,038,154,692 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There is a history of attempts to use linear quantum interferometers to design a quantum computer. \v{C}ern\'{y} showed that a linear interferometer could solve NP\textendash complete problems in polynomial time but only with an exponential overhead in energy \cite{cerny}. Clauser and Dowling sho... |
2,869,038,154,693 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Video contributes to 75\% of all Internet traffic in 2017, and the percent is expected to reach 82\% by 2022 \cite{cisco2018cisco}. Compressing video into a smaller size is an urgent requirement to reduce the transmission cost. Currently, Internet video is usually compressed into H.264 \cite{wieg... |
2,869,038,154,694 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Our current state of knowledge about how stars and planets are
formed comes from an intertwined web of observations (spanning the
electromagnetic spectrum) and theoretical work.
The early stages of low-mass star formation comprise a wide
array of inferred physical processes, including disk accre... |
2,869,038,154,695 | arxiv | \section{References}}
|
2,869,038,154,696 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
This paper concerns connections attached to $(J^{2}=\pm 1)$-metric manifolds. A manifold will be called to have an $(\alpha ,\varepsilon )$-structure if $J$ is an almost complex ($\alpha =-1$) or almost product ($\alpha =1$) structure which is an isometry ($\varepsilon ... |
2,869,038,154,697 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A major challenge in the theory of quantum error correcting codes is to design codes that are
well suited for fault tolerant quantum computing. Such codes have many stringent requirements
imposed on them, constraints that are usually not considered in the design of classical codes.
An important... |
2,869,038,154,698 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Extensive
experimental work has recently been aimed towards electrostatically
defining and controlling semiconductor quantum dots~\cite{kouwenhoven-report-1,prb-ciorga:16315,prb-elzerman:161308,prl-petta:186802,prb-pioro-ladriere:125307}.
These efforts are impelled by proposals
for using locali... |
2,869,038,154,699 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Lattice QCD (LQCD) is one of the original computational grand
challenges~\cite{grandChallenge}. Increasingly accurate numerical
solutions of this quantum field theory are being used in tandem with
experiment and observation to gain a deeper quantitative understanding
for a range of phenomena in ... |
2,869,038,154,700 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Standard Model (SM) has been very successful in predicting and
fitting all the experimental measurements up-to-date over
energies ranging many orders of magnitude\cite{Beringer:1900zz}.
Unfortunately the SM is only a patchwork where several sectors
remain totally unconnected. Flavo... |
2,869,038,154,701 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
If $f:\C\to\C$ is a transcendental entire function (that is, a non-polynomial holomorphic
self-map of the complex plane), the \emph{escaping set} of $f$ is defined as
\[ I(f) := \{z\in\C: f^n(z)\to\infty\}. \]
(Here $f^n=\underset{n\text{ times}}{\underbrace{f\circ\dots\circ f}}$
... |
2,869,038,154,702 | arxiv |
\subsection{\textsc{Starformer}}
\textsc{Starformer} is a multi-task transformer model designed to perform segmentation, tracking, action recognition and re-identification (STAR) in livestock by extending the popular DETR object detection model \cite{carion2020end, zhu2020deformable}. DETR introduced the concept of... |
2,869,038,154,703 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Knotted structures appear in physical fields in a wide range of areas of theoretical physics; in liquid crystals \cite{km:2016topology, ma:2014knotted, ma:2016global}, optical fields \cite{mark}, Bose-Einstein condensates \cite{bec}, fluid flows \cite{daniel1, daniel2}, the Skyr... |
2,869,038,154,704 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\paragraph{Timed logics} In the context of real-time systems verification, it is natural and desirable to add \emph{timing constraints} to
\emph{Linear Temporal Logic} (\textup{\textmd{\textsf{LTL}}}{})~\cite{Pnueli1977}
to enable reasoning about timing behaviours of such systems.
For instance... |
2,869,038,154,705 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
{\bf
Quantum kinetically constrained models have recently attracted significant attention due to their anomalous dynamics and thermalization. In this work, we introduce a hitherto unexplored family of kinetically constrained models featuring conserved particle number and strong inversion-symmetry b... |
2,869,038,154,706 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $K$ be a field. Fix positive integers $k$ and $n_i$, $1\le i\le k$. Set $Y:= \prod _{i=1}^{k} \enm{\mathbb{P}}^{n_i}$ (the
multiprojective space with $k$ non-trivial factors of dimension $n_1,\dots ,n_k$). Set $r:= -1+ \prod _{i=1}^{k} (n_i+1)$.
Let $\nu : Y\to \enm{\mathbb{P}}^r$ denote th... |
2,869,038,154,707 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Event detection is an important application for which a wireless sensor
network ($\mathsf{WSN}$) is deployed. A number of sensor nodes (or ``motes'')
that can sense, compute, and communicate are deployed in a region of
interest ($\mathsf{ROI}$) in which the occurrence of ... |
2,869,038,154,708 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The Message-Passing Interface (MPI) is the most commonly used model
for programming large-scale parallel systems today. The traditional
model for using MPI hitherto has been the ``MPI everywhere"
model in which the application launches an MPI process on each core
of th... |
2,869,038,154,709 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Software developers constantly face implementation choices that affect
performance, such as choices of data structures, algorithms, and parameter
values. Unfortunately, traditional programming languages lack support for
expressing such alternatives directly in the code, forci... |
2,869,038,154,710 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Bound state in the continuum (BIC) has attracted researchers owing to the property of ultra-high quality factor (Q-factor) \cite{zhenbo2014,yuri2021,joseph2021}. BIC is the vortex center in the polarization directions of far-field radiation and can be characterized by the topological charge \cite... |
2,869,038,154,711 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{s:intro}
Due to promising results obtained on invariants of algebraic
functions, and to the similarities in properties between
differential equations and algebraic equations, the study of
invariants of differential equations began in the middle of the
nineteen century. One of the most i... |
2,869,038,154,712 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The high temperature plasma phase of QCD is characterized by the occurrence of
chromo-electric and -magnetic screening masses ($m_e$ and $m_m$) which control
the infrared behaviour of the theory \cite{Lin80}. It has been known for a long
time that the lowest order perturbative result for the elec... |
2,869,038,154,713 | arxiv | \section{Experimental Procedure}
\subsection{Principle of measurement and spectator tagging}
The reaction under study is $np\to pp\pim$. Due to the lack of a neutron beam,
deuterons were used instead and the data were analyzed along the lines of the
spectator model. This method has been described in detail in
\cit... |
2,869,038,154,714 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It has been known for some time that singularity-free solutions are possible for the scale factor and thermodynamical quantities describing a 4-dimensional braneworld embedded in a 5-dimensional space with a fluid
analogue depending on the extra spatial coordinate and with a specific equation of... |
2,869,038,154,715 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Lorentz symmetry violation has been of permanent interest in the past two decades
whereby the major part of the investigations have been carried out within the
minimal Standard-Model Extension (SME) \cite{Colladay,Samuel}. The minimal SME
incorporates power-counting renormalizable contributions ... |
2,869,038,154,716 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec_intro}
It is fairly well established that quantum electrodynamics (QED), and
in particular quenched QED, breaks chiral symmetry for sufficiently
large couplings. This phenomenon has been observed both in
lattice simulations~\cite{Lat1} as well as
various studies based on the use of ... |
2,869,038,154,717 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Sec1}
In robotics, one is often tasked with designing algorithms to coordinate teams of robots to achieve a task. Some examples of such tasks are formation flying \cite{desai2001modeling,khan2019graph,alonso2015multi}, perimeter defense \cite{shishika2018local}, surveillance \cite{sal... |
2,869,038,154,718 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Optical quantum memories are a key component for several quantum information applications. For example, they are used for synchronization of entanglement swapping in quantum repeaters, which enables long distance quantum communication \cite{Briegel1998,Kimble2008Jun,Wehner2018Oct}. They are also ... |
2,869,038,154,719 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The inverse Ising problem is intensively studied in statistical
physics, computational biology and computer science in the few past
years~\cite{Nature-06,Cocco-09,Weigt-11,Wain-2010}. The biological
experiments or numerical simulations usually generate a large amount
of experimental data, e.g., $... |
2,869,038,154,720 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{introduction}
Almost all textbooks on quantum mechanics consider only measurements of a special
kind---namely, measurements of \emph{observables}. An observable $\mathcal{O}$ corresponds to
some Hermitian operator $\hat O$. A measuring device measures the observable $\mathcal{O}$, if
(... |
2,869,038,154,721 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The origin of this article is rooted in two conjectures by Beck which appeared in The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences \cite{B1} on the pages for sequences A090867 and A265251. The conjectures, as formulated by Beck, were proved by Andrews in \cite{A17} using generating functions. Cer... |
2,869,038,154,722 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spacetimes which are obtained by dimensional reduction along lightlike
directions can exhibit peculiarities in their geometrical properties
which are not found in other compactifications. The original
motivation for the work presented in this paper has been to examine
the structure of the isomet... |
2,869,038,154,723 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have recently expanded to support diverse
applications in various and ubiquitous scenarios, especially in the context of
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) networks~\cite{exalted_project}.
Energy consumption is still the main design goal along with providing
sufficient perf... |
2,869,038,154,724 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nearly two decades after the first measurements of the accelerated expansion of space \citep[e.g.][]{Riess_etal_1998,Perlmutter_etal_1999,Schmidt_etal_1998} the fact that about $70\%$ of the Universe's energy content is in a form with a negative equation of state of $w\approx -1$ has been confirm... |
2,869,038,154,725 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Within undirected graphs $G=(V,E)$ a {\em $r$-coloring}
corresponds to a partition of the vertex set $V$ into $r$ independent sets.
The smallest $r$ such that a graph
$G$ has a $r$-coloring is denoted as the {\em chromatic number} of $G$.
Even deciding whether a graph has a $3$-coloring is N... |
2,869,038,154,726 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{s:intro}
Let $G$ be a finite abelian group of order $n$ and let $\Delta_{n-1}$ denote the $(n-1)$-simplex on the vertex set $G$. The \emph{sum complex} $X_{A,k}$ associated to a subset $A \subset G$ and $k < n$, is the $k$-dimensional simplicial complex obtained
by taking the full $(k-1)$-... |
2,869,038,154,727 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For $k$ fixed, a graph $G$ is {\it $k$-path-pairable}, if for any set of $k$ disjoint pairs of vertices, $s_i,t_i$, $1\leq i\leq k$, there exist pairwise edge-disjoint $s_i,t_i$-paths in $G$. The {\it path-pairability number}, denoted $pp(G)$, is the largest $k$ such that $G$ is $k$-path-pairab... |
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