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1,314,259,995,663
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Intro:sec} Trading bit rates for better link budgets, LPWANs provide long range wireless connectivity to IoT devices~\cite{centenaro2015long, margelis2015low, vangelista2015long}. Such networks provide a promising alternative to traditional cellular or multi-hop n...
1,314,259,995,664
arxiv
\section{Introductions}\label{intro} Let $X$ be a smooth complex projective variety of maximal Albanese dimension (m.A.d. for short) and of general type. Recall that tricanonical map is birational onto its image (cf. \cite{CH2} and \cite{JMT}). It is interesting to consider the birationality of its bicanonical map....
1,314,259,995,665
arxiv
\section{Light Localization} The phenomenon of light localization appears in three--dimensional periodic dielectric structures, in which, due to periodicity, an electromagnetic band gap develops. Then spontaneous emission with a frequency inside the band gap can be rigorously forbidden [1--3], because of a severe depr...
1,314,259,995,666
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the past few years, training neural machine translation (NMT) models from scratch has become excessively burdensome as the training data size and model capacity continue to increase~\cite{ghorbani2021scaling,siddhant2022towards,wang2022deepnet}. Therefore, making an existing NMT model conti...
1,314,259,995,667
arxiv
\section{Introduction} X-rays from non-magnetic massive stars are thought to be produced two ways: via embedded wind shocks in the radiately driven wind close to the star, and, in massive binaries, via shocks in the wind collision zone between the two stars \citep{1992ApJ...386..265S}. 3D numerical simulations of colli...
1,314,259,995,668
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Task-oriented dialogue system interacts with users in natural language to accomplish tasks such as restaurant reservation or flight booking. The goal of dialogue state tracking is to provide a compact representation of the conversation at each dialogue turn, called \textit{dialogue ...
1,314,259,995,669
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Optimizing the generalization performances of overparametrized neural networks is one of the main challenges in machine learning. A crucial role is played by gradient-based training algorithms, which converge to solutions which generalize well also when no explicit regularization of the model is ...
1,314,259,995,670
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Kinetic Ising models were originally intended to study relaxational processes near equilibrium states \cite{gla63,kaw72}. Later combinations of Glauber and Kawasaki dynamics were used successfully in investigating questions about temperature driven nonequilibrium phase transitions \cite{dem85,g...
1,314,259,995,671
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The main problem of dynamics is probably to understand in depth the role and meaning of the term ``time''. Two kinds of time are used in physics. On one side, the parametric time $t$, just an auxiliary mathematical element which, strictly speaking, is not observable since any other time of...
1,314,259,995,672
arxiv
\section{introduction} The stability of spatially extended dynamical systems and the transition towards statio-temporal chaos is still a wide open problem. Considerable progress has been made recently by models for pattern formation \cite{hohenberg93} and advanced three-wave interaction schemes \cite{chow95,kaup79}. T...
1,314,259,995,673
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the most important quantum physical quantities is probably the zero-point energy. It is needed, for instance, when we want to study back-reaction, i.e., the influence the matter fields moving in a curved back-ground assert on the back-ground geometry itself. This would be done by solvin...
1,314,259,995,674
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A key component of our capacity to interact with others lies in our ability to recognize the poses of humans \cite{schmidtke2021unsupervised, liu2021aggregated,iccv_motiontrajectory}. Likewise, detecting human poses is crucial for an intelligent machine to adjust its action and properly allocate ...
1,314,259,995,675
arxiv
\section{introduction} Charge-density wave (CDW) and superconductivity are two important and closely linked broken symmetry states in solids. There has been tremendous interest in the interplay between these two states in condensed matter physics. The topic has motivated extensive exploration of new materials showin...
1,314,259,995,676
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be the finite field with $q$ elements, where $q$ is a power of a prime $p$ and let $\overline{\mathbb{F}}_q$ be the algebraic closure of $\mathbb{F}_q$. For any $\alpha\in \overline{\mathbb{F}}_q$, we let $m_{\alpha}(x)$ denote the minimal polynomial of $\alpha$ over $\mathbb...
1,314,259,995,677
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In 2020, BEPCII implemented an energy upgrade project and increased the maximum center-of-mass energy from 4.61~$\,\mathrm{GeV}$ to 4.95~$\,\mathrm{GeV}$. During the data-taking years of 2020 and 2021, the BESIII experiment collected $e^+e^{-}$ annihilation data at 12 center-of-mass energy ($E_...
1,314,259,995,678
arxiv
\section{Introduction.}\label{intro} \section{Introduction} With the astounding growth of automobile ownership, a series of transport-related problems has appeared worldwide. These problems, such as greenhouse gas emissions and urban traffic congestion, have severely impacted the economy and the environment \citep{sch...
1,314,259,995,679
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The classical Lambert $W$ function is a special function gaining more and more interest from mathematicians and physicists. It can be defined on the whole complex plane by the transcendental equation \begin{equation} W(z)e^{W(z)}=z.\label{W_def} \end{equation} As this equation has infinitely man...
1,314,259,995,680
arxiv
\section{Introduction} ACM's consolidated article template, introduced in 2017, provides a consistent \LaTeX\ style for use across ACM publications, and incorporates accessibility and metadata-extraction functionality necessary for future Digital Library endeavors. Numerous ACM and SIG-specific \LaTeX\ templates have ...
1,314,259,995,681
arxiv
\section{Principle of quantum signatures} Suppose Alice sends a message to Bob, who in turn may pass it on to Charlie. How can Bob tell that the message is from Alice, and has not been tampered with, and how can Charlie tell that Bob did not modify {or by himself generate} the message? {If one is} using a conventional...
1,314,259,995,682
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A non-singular model of a black hole was proposed by Hayward \cite{hayward}. As such, it may be a solution of an ultraviolet complete gravity such as \cite{biswas}. The geodesics in such a non-singular spacetime would illuminate some basics aspects of the spacetime, as the geodesics i...
1,314,259,995,683
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} Magnetic reconnection is a common phenomenon in which the topology of magnetic field lines is changed and magnetic energy is converted to kinetic energy. Interpretations of space plasma measurements \citep[e.g.,][] {2008NatPh...4...19C, 2011PhRvL.107p5007O} and astronomical observa...
1,314,259,995,684
arxiv
\section{I. Introduction} Thermopower ($S$) of Ce-based Kondo lattice systems (KLS) exhibits a variety of unusual features depending on the coupling strength ($J$) between Ce-4$f$ and conduction electrons, which is of both fundamental and application interests \cite{Zlaticbook,Sakurai}. Particularly, as $J$ is enha...
1,314,259,995,685
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} The supernova (SN) explosions blow out the various heavy elements generated by the nucleosynthesis process inside the progenitor stars. Meanwhile, the blast wave generated by the SN explosion sweeps up and heats the interstellar matter (ISM). It forms a characteristic structure ...
1,314,259,995,686
arxiv
\section{Proof of Lemma \lowercase{\ref{lem:noisy_unknown_cdf}} and Auxiliary Lemmas}\label{sec:proof_noisy_unknown_CDF} The purpose of this section is to prove Lemma \ref{lem:noisy_unknown_cdf}, which provides a probabilistic uniform bound on the CDF estimate $\hat{F}^{(i)}$. We will prove the desired result by showin...
1,314,259,995,687
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Painting art, like Vincent van Gogh's ``The Starry Night'', have attracted people for many years. It is one of the most popular art forms for creative expression of the conceptual intention of the practitioner. Since 1990's, researches have been made by computer scientists on the artistic work, i...
1,314,259,995,688
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Singularities of map germs have long been studied, especially up to the equivalence under coordinate changes in both source and target (${\mathcal A}$-equivalence). According to \cite{gaff}, ``classification'' for map germs with ${\mathcal A}$-equivalence means finding lists of germs, and showin...
1,314,259,995,689
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \input{sec01-intro} \section{Background and Related Work} \input{sec02-rw} \section{Four Spatial Awareness Tools} \label{section:tooldesc} \input{sec03-fourtools} \section{User Study} \input{sec04-userstudy} \section{RQ1 Results: Aspects of Spatial Awareness Important to Visually Impaired...
1,314,259,995,690
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The landscape of mobile communication service requirements is rapidly changing with the proliferation of digitization technologies. Consequently, in the future, more emphasis needs to be placed on location specific services in different vertical sectors. Hospitals, shopping malls, smart cities, ...
1,314,259,995,691
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Classical antennas are devices transforming radio-waves from free-space to a guiding device and vice versa \cite{balan}. The radiative properties of such antennas are characterized by the angular distribution of the radiated field and intensity (field and power radiation patterns). In the case ...
1,314,259,995,692
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:Intro} Introduction} Relativistic heavy ion collisions are investigated both theoretically and experimentally to understand the properties of nuclear matter at extreme conditions. In heavy ion collisions, there is a possibility for the nuclear matter to undergo a phase transition to quark matter. T...
1,314,259,995,693
arxiv
\section*{} \markboth{Contents}{} \vspace*{-1cm} \tableofcontents \markboth{Contents}{} \vfill \noindent Photo credits:\\ \noindent Cover: NASA\\ \noindent Backpage: \begin{itemize} \item Collection of early drawings of Saturn by various observers, from Huyghens' \textit{Systema Saturnium} (1659). \item Guido Bonatti,...
1,314,259,995,694
arxiv
\section{Introduction and main result} Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with $C^{2}$ boundary, and let $D_{1}^{*}$ and $D_{2}^{*}$ be two open sets whose closure belongs to $\Omega$, touching only at the origin with the inner normal vector of $\partial{D}_{1}^{*}$ pointing in the positive $x_{n}$-dir...
1,314,259,995,695
arxiv
\section{Introduction and main results} This paper deals with the scale-invariant, nonlocal functional inequality \begin{equation}\label{HS} \left(\int_{{\mathbb R}^N} \frac{|u|^q}{|x|^\alpha}\, dx\right)^{\frac{1}{q}}\leq C\left(\int_{{\mathbb R}^N\times{\mathbb R}^N}\frac{|u(x)-u(y)|^p}{|x-y|^{N+ps}}\, dx\, dy\right...
1,314,259,995,696
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The history of what would come to be called glueballs goes back to the early days of hadronic physics, before the emergence of QCD. At that time, hadron-hadron scattering processes at high-energies and low transferred momenta, written in terms of the Mandelstan variables, $s \gg m^2 \simeq -t...
1,314,259,995,697
arxiv
\section{Introduction} According to Gr\"unbaum \cite[Ch.~12]{grue03}, a polytope $P$ is \emph{dimensionally $k$-ambiguous} if the $k$-skeleton of $P$ is isomorphic to that of a polytope $Q$ and $\dim Q \not= \dim P$. So, not only is the $k$-skeleton of such a polytope \emph{not} characteristic but, even worse, it doe...
1,314,259,995,698
arxiv
\section{ Introduction} In the seminal papers \cite{campa1, campa2} Sergio Campanato introduced the spaces that nowadays are named after him, and used them to prove embedding theorems for Sobolev-Morrey spaces defined on bounded open sets $\Omega$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$. In particular, it was proved that if $f$ is a func...
1,314,259,995,699
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} General relativity (GR), our currently best theory of gravity and of spacetime, permits time travel into one's own past in the sense that it contains models of spacetime with \textit{closed timelike curves}, i.e., worldlines potentially traced out by matter in spacetime, which i...
1,314,259,995,700
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Norway has a large tolerance towards dialectal variation \cite{nhs} and, as such, one can find examples of dialectal use in many areas of the public sphere, including politics, news media, and social media. % Although there has been much variation in writing Norwegian, since the debut of Nynor...
1,314,259,995,701
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over $\mathbb{C}$ of dimension $n$. The Chow groups $A^iX$ (of codimension $i$ algebraic cycles modulo rational equivalence) are notoriously hard to understand. For instance, the following conjecture dating from 1974 is still completely open ...
1,314,259,995,702
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The discovery of a Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) heralds the completion of the standard model (SM)~\cite{Aad:2012tfa,Chatrchyan:2012xdj} and a great hope for the discovery of new physics. Obviously, the completion of the SM naturally leads to the quest of microscop...
1,314,259,995,703
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} In recent years convex relaxations of many fundamental, yet combinatorially hard, optimization problems in engineering, applied mathematics, and statistics have been introduced \citep{Tro2006}. Good, and sometimes nearly optimal solutions, can be achieved at affordable c...
1,314,259,995,704
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction} Ghost imaging (GI) provides a way to recover the object images via intensity correlation between reference patterns and bucket intensity signals. It was primitively demonstrated by using entangled light \cite{Pittman1995}, then was also experimentally realized with thermal or ps...
1,314,259,995,705
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In a very interesting paper Aharonov et al \cite{Aharonov} proposed the idea of a quantum random walk. Here a random walker is constrained to move left or right depending on the state of an auxiliary quantum mechanical system. One then examines the state of the random walker subject to the measur...
1,314,259,995,706
arxiv
\section{Introduction} By the ring we mean a commutative ring with unity. Let $R$ be an itegral domain. We denote by $R^{\ast}$ the group of all invertible elements of $R$. \medskip The main motivation of this paper is description polynomial composites as algebraic object. The related works were started in paper \...
1,314,259,995,707
arxiv
\section{Introduction} According to the Galaxy Zoo project, spiral galaxies contribute around two thirds of all galaxies in the Local Universe (Lintott et al. 2011; Willett et al. 2013). While the spiral structure is very common and appealing, the mechanism underlying its origin is still not well understood. Several t...
1,314,259,995,708
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recall that a group $G$ is said to be \emph{torsion} (or \emph{periodic}) if every element of $G$ has finite order. Obviously, every finite group is torsion. Infinite torsion groups can be constructed as direct products of finite groups; note, however, that these groups are not finitely generated...
1,314,259,995,709
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Transfer operator based methods involving Perron-Frobenius and Koopman operators are successfully applied for analysis and design of nonlinear dynamical systems in \cite{Dellnitz_Junge,Mezic2000,froyland_extracting,Junge_Osinga,Mezic_comparison,Dellnitztransport,mezic2005spectral,Mehta_comparsio...
1,314,259,995,710
arxiv
\section*{Highlights} \begin{itemize} \item Privacy-preserving multi-agent reinforcement learning is used to coordinate residential energy \item Learning from optimisations improves coordination scalability in stochastic environments \item Marginal reward signals further enhance cooperation relative to previous appro...
1,314,259,995,711
arxiv
\section{Introduction and main results} Throughout this paper, for every metric space $(E,d)$ and every function $f:E \to \mathbb{R},$ we will denote the Lipschitz constant of $f$ on $E$ by $\lip(f,E),$ that is, $$ \lip(f,E):= \inf \lbrace L >0 \: : \: |f(x)-f(y)| \leq L d(x,y) \quad \text{for all} \quad x,y\in E \rbr...
1,314,259,995,712
arxiv
\section{Introduction} IP geolocation is a longstanding problem in computer networking, with both an active academic research and a wide array of commercial solutions and applications. IP geolocation is used for a variety of purposes, including mapping clients to nearby content delivery network (CDN) replica...
1,314,259,995,713
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Building a good speech recogniser typically requires a large amount of annotated data from a specific language. Obtaining high-quality labelled data is a costly and time-intensive process, and for many languages this remains a big issue. However, even in a highly resourced language like English, ...
1,314,259,995,714
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A celebrated theorem of Savitch \cite{Savitch70} states that $NSPACE(S)$ $\subseteq$ $DSPACE(S^2)$. In particular, Savitch gave a deterministic algorithm to solve {\sc{ST-Connectivity}}\ (an ${\bf{NL}}$-complete problem) using $O({\log}^2{n})$ space, implying ${\bf{NL}}$\ $\subseteq$ $DSPACE({\l...
1,314,259,995,715
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the words of \citet{Shapley1922}, NGC~2419 is `a globular cluster of uncommon interest'. At a distance of 83~kpc \citep{Ripepi2007}, it has long been recognised as one of the most remote globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way \citep{Baade1935,Racine1975}. Despite the difficulties associated...
1,314,259,995,716
arxiv
\section{Asymptotics of the product of gamma functions}\label{a} Due to the asymptotic relation $$ \ln\Gamma(z)=\left(z-\frac12\right)\ln z-z+O(1),\quad |\arg z|<\pi, $$ one has $$ \ln\left\{\Gamma(b+z)\Gamma(b+\omega z)\Gamma(b+z/\omega)\right\}=3\left(b-\frac12\right)\ln z-\frac{2\pi}{\sqrt{3}}z+O(1),\quad |\arg z|<\...
1,314,259,995,717
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Localization have attracted significant attentions in the past few years, and numerous techniques have been proposed to achieve high accuracy localization. In outdoor scenarios, GPS and its variants are the most common technologies to provide accurate position for various app...
1,314,259,995,718
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Ecosystems -- from rainforests to the human gut -- can harbor a surprisingly large number of different species \cite{hutchinson1959homage,ghazoul2010tropical,lozupone2012diversity}. These species in general compete for a limited number of resources and possibly prey on each other. Inspired by th...
1,314,259,995,719
arxiv
\section*{\textsf{Introduction}} \lettrine[lines=2]{T}{he} ability to capture the two-dimensional (2D) image information is extremely significant in plenty of applications, ranging from astronomical observation \cite{Kastner2002}, phase retrieval \cite{YuOC2017} to hyperspectral imaging \cite{Studer2012}. However, the ...
1,314,259,995,720
arxiv
\section{Introduction} GW170817, the first detection of a merger between two neutron stars \citep[NSs,][]{Abbott2017b}, marked the beginning of multi-messenger astronomy. For the first time, electromagnetic emission accompanying the gravitational wave (GW) event was observed \citep{Abbott2017c}, ranging from gamma rays...
1,314,259,995,721
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Let us start by recalling the algebraic interpretation of the integration of a vector field. Let $X$ be a complex algebraic variety and $\chi$ an algebraic vector field on $X$, or, equivalently, a $\mathbb{C}$-derivation $\delta:{\EuScript O}_X\to {\EuScript O}_X$ of the sheaf of regular functi...
1,314,259,995,722
arxiv
\section{Introduction.} One of the unsolved problems in AdS/CFT correspondence \cite{1} (for an excellent review, see \cite{AGMOO}) is how to obtain non-SUSY gauge theory with typical running coupling as the boundary side. The related question is about confinement in such theory. It is desirable to answer these qu...
1,314,259,995,723
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \baselineskip .55 cm With extensive and manifold applications, fixed point theory has been one of the most influential research topics in various field of engineering and science. The most incredible result in this direction was stated by Banach, known as the Banach contraction principle \cite{ba...
1,314,259,995,724
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recent theoretical studies of noisy entanglement resulted in discoveries of interesting phenomena that occur in higher-dimensional systems. One prominent example is provided by bound-entangled states that cannot be created by local operations and classical communication (LOCC), but at the same t...
1,314,259,995,725
arxiv
\section{Active Learning and Proofreading} \label{sec:active} AL aims to train a model with minimal user input by selecting small subsets of examples that are the most informative. Formally, our algorithm starts with a small set of labeled edges $S_{0}$. We then repeat the following steps: At iteration $t$, we us...
1,314,259,995,726
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Finding and studying large samples of distant luminous and evolved galaxies is fundamental to provide a deeper insight on the formation of massive galaxies, a process that is commonly perceived as a challenging test for cosmological models of structure formation and evolution. For this rea...
1,314,259,995,727
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Since Bell's paper \cite{Bell} entanglement has been studied and explored in depth. Saying that quantum information branch emerged from extensive studies of phenomenon of entanglement would not be an exaggeration. Entanglement has been used in many information-processing applica...
1,314,259,995,728
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The canonical formalism allows one to derive the classical equations of motion and the conserved currents associated with the global symmetries of a Lagrangian. Unfortunately, this formalism runs into problems in presence of a gauge symmetry. In particular, the canonical energy-momentum tensor o...
1,314,259,995,729
arxiv
\section{#1}} \renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}} \newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}} \newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}} \newcommand{\begin{displaymath}}{\begin{displaymath}} \newcommand{\end{displaymath}}{\end{displaymath}} \newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqn...
1,314,259,995,730
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Heegaard Floer homology is a package of invariants associated to 3- and 4-manifolds introduced by Ozsv\'{a}th and Szab\'{o} \cite{OSDisks} \cite{OSTriangles}. To a connected, closed, oriented 3-manifold $Y$ with a $\Spin^c$ structure $\frs$, they construct $\Z[U]$-modules \[\HF^-(Y,\frs), \q...
1,314,259,995,731
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Centering Theory is a computational model of discourse interpretation that examines the relationship between attentional state, the form of referring expressions, and the control of inferential processes. These goals have led to its application to the study of unexpressed arguments (henceforth {...
1,314,259,995,732
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In [18], Sz\'{e}kelyhidi and Tosatti studied regularity of weak solutions of the equation \begin{align} (\omega+\sqrt{-1}\partial\bar{\partial}\phi)^n=e^{-F(\phi, z)}\omega^n \end{align} on an $n$-dimensional compact K\"{a}hler manifold $(M,\omega)$, where $F: \mathbb{R}\times M\rightarr...
1,314,259,995,733
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect.intro} In this paper we shall describe the asymptotic behaviour (as $t\to\infty$) of a class of solutions $u(t,x)\ge 0$ of the fast diffusion equation (FDE) \begin{equation}\label{1.1} \partial_t u=\Delta\left(u^{m}/m\right)=\nabla \cdot(u^{m-1}\nabla u), \qquad m<1, \end{equati...
1,314,259,995,734
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is difficult for human to reach the stars using current rocket technology. The energy sources range from chemical fuel, nuclear power and even anti-matter conceptually. The major problem in these systems is that propulsion required large amount of time and fuel\cite{Lemos}. We try to solve thi...
1,314,259,995,735
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Lepton flavour violation (LFV)is an important signature into physics beyond the standard model (SM). In the SM with massive neutrinos, neutrinos have the Yukawa interaction. Lepton flavour is violated like quark flavour. However, LFV is strongly suppressed by the neutrino masses. Supersymmet...
1,314,259,995,736
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The prototypical parabolic differential equation is the heat equation. It forms a cornerstone of mathematics and physics, and its understanding is essential for defining more complicated mathematical models. Fourier introduced this equation as a means to describe tran...
1,314,259,995,737
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Astrophysicists have had a long-standing interest in the physics of elementary processes in super-strong magnetic fields, with field strengths $B\gtrsim 10^{12}$~G. The cyclotron lines observed in the spectra of Her X-1 \cite{tr78} and of 4U 0115+63 \cite{gr80} as well as in many other X-ray pul...
1,314,259,995,738
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Deep learning based systems have progressed leaps and bounds over the past few years, enabling their deployment in critical applications such as self-driving cars, surveillance systems and biomedical applications. Furthermore, organizations often provide pretrained machine learn...
1,314,259,995,739
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the resonance model \citep{ak01,ka01,kato03}, there is a natural and attractive possibility of explaining the observed rational ratios of high-frequency QPOs as a consequence of non-linear coupling between different modes of accretion disk oscillations. The idea has been pursued in several pa...
1,314,259,995,740
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction} Steinberg algebras were independently introduced in \cite{clark2014} and \cite{steinberg2010} and they are closely related to the constructions in \cite{exel2008}. Steinberg algebras are algebrai\-sations of Renault's $C^*$-algebras of groupoids and can be viewed as a model ...
1,314,259,995,741
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the legacies of every X-ray mission is the production of source catalogues. They always include a significant fraction of unidentified sources, whose nature remains unknown or controversial for several years, awaiting further investigations. This is the case of AX~J1714.1$-$3912, a sour...
1,314,259,995,742
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\vspace*{-1mm} With the ever-increasing demand for wireless services along with a need for green communications, spectral efficiency and energy efficiency have become important criteria in the design of future wireless systems. Energy harvesting (EH) cognitive radio \cite{sultan,park1,niyato2014...
1,314,259,995,743
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \vspace{-1mm} For safety assessment and structural health monitoring of infrastructures such as buildings and bridges and their components, their vibrations and deformations need to be recorded and evaluated. Traditional structural sensors such as Linear Variable Displacement Transducers (LVDTs),...
1,314,259,995,744
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{S1} The discovery of a relation between the masses of super-massive black holes and the velocity dispersion of the stars in the bulge of their host galaxies \citep{Lynden-Bell1969,Magorrian1998,Ferrarese2000,Haring2004,Gultekin2009,Graham2011} suggests that the formation process of galaxi...
1,314,259,995,745
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Learning machines aim to find statistical patterns in data that generalize to previously unseen samples \cite{hastie2009elements}. How well they perform in doing so depends on factors such as the size and the nature of the training data set, the complexity of the learning task, and the inductiv...
1,314,259,995,746
arxiv
\section{Derivation of hydrodynamic equations from GHD} The GHD evolution equation reads as \begin{equation} \frac \partial {\partial t} \rho _\mathrm{p} +\frac \partial {\partial z}\left( v^\mathrm{eff} \rho _\mathrm{p}\right) =0 \label{GHD.1} \end{equation} and is supplemented by two equations \begin{eq...
1,314,259,995,747
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the past 15 years, light-matter strong coupling has been studied extensively with organic materials \cite% {LidzeyNature1998,FujitaPRB1998,SchouwinkCPL2001,TakadaAPL2003,HolmesPRL2004,% TischlerPRL2005,MichettiPRB2005,HakalaPRL2009,BellessaPRL2004,DintingerPRB2005,% GuebrouPRL2012,Ambjornss...
1,314,259,995,748
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:1} Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote users (Alice and Bob) to establish a secure key by transmitting quantum states through an untrusted channel \cite{Gisin02, Scarani09, Lo14, Diamanti16}. The generated secure key can be further applied in various cryptographic protoco...
1,314,259,995,749
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Observations of radio-loud quasars are important for investigating some of the most interesting and fundamental problems of contemporary astrophysics. The foremost of these is the investigation of causes of the ``extinction'' of luminous quasars. The space density of luminous quasars has declin...
1,314,259,995,750
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The apple industry relies heavily on manual labor. For instance, in the United States alone, it is estimated that the seasonal labor force needed for apple harvesting is more than 10 million worker hours each year, attributing to about 15\% of the total production costs \cite{gallardo2012}. The...
1,314,259,995,751
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Numerous binary black hole merger events have now been observed by gravitational wave detectors \cite{Abbott:2016blz,TheLIGOScientific:2016pea,LIGOScientific:2018mvr,Green:2017voq,Zackay:2019tzo,Nitz:2018imz,Venumadhav:2019lyq}. The general features of the gravitational wave s...
1,314,259,995,752
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sect1} Many important problems in variational analysis and optimization can be modelled by an {inclusion} $y\in F(x)$, where $F$ is a set-valued mapping. The behavior of the solution set $F^{-1}(y)$ when $y$ and/or $F$ are perturbed is of special interest. The concepts of \emph{metric regu...
1,314,259,995,753
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction} The idea of modeling time-to-event data is well established in statistics and widely used in the medical sciences (in the context of survival analysis) and engineering (in the context of reliability analysis). In any of these situations, we are interested in representing...
1,314,259,995,754
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction} Large-scale collective pattern formation by self-motile elements is a widely studied phenomenon in physics and biology ~\cite{dombrowski2004self, ballerini2008interaction, katz2011inferring, marchetti2013hydrodynamics, ramaswamy2010mechanics} . A prominent class of such colle...
1,314,259,995,755
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The present paper is concerned with the derivation and analysis of an asymptotic model for internal capillary-gravity waves. The model incorporates bi-directionality and the physical regime under which the corresponding differential system is derived is compatible with that of established by Benj...
1,314,259,995,756
arxiv
\section{Motivation and numerical setup} \label{s:intro} Various catastrophic collapse events have been proposed to explain the energies released in a gamma--ray burst (GRB) including compact binary system mergers \cite{Go86, MH93}, collapsars \cite{Wo93} and hypernovae \cite{Pa98}. These models all rely on a common e...
1,314,259,995,757
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Statistical mechanics is a powerful tool for understanding and constructing optimization algorithms. On one hand, disordered systems, such as spin glasses or polymers, prompted the development of new algorithms (simulated annealing \cite{Kirkpatrick671}, cluster algorithms \cite{wolff89}, hysteri...
1,314,259,995,758
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Our aim in this paper is to discuss when the set of those Lipschitz maps which strongly attain their norm is dense in the space of Lipschitz maps. Let us give the necessary definitions. A \emph{pointed metric space} is just a metric space $M$ in which we distinguish an element, called $0$. All a...
1,314,259,995,759
arxiv
\section{I\MakeLowercase{o}T Application Scenario} \label{sec:iot_example_application} In Figure~\ref{fig:iot-overview-berlin}, we present an integrated public transport system of Berlin as a representative IoT application scenario. The components in this scenario are either stationary or mobile. Vehicles (red and yel...
1,314,259,995,760
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The relation between the fluctuations occurring in a system at equilibrium and dissipation effects dates back to Einstein \cite{einstein} and his theory on Brownian motion. After that, Nyquist \cite{nyquist} derived a relation between the electrical resistance and voltage fluctuations in linear ...
1,314,259,995,761
arxiv
\section*{Appendix \thesection\protect\indent \parbox[t]{11.15cm}{#1}} \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Appendix \thesection\ \ \ #1}} \jot=7pt \def\,\nabla\kern -0.7em\raise0.2ex\hbox{/}\,\,{\,\nabla\kern -0.7em\raise0.2ex\hbox{/}\,\,} \def\,y\kern -0.47em /{\,y\kern -0.47em /} \def\,a\kern -0.49em /{\,a\kern -0...
1,314,259,995,762
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Given a positive integer $d$ and a pair of Young diagrams $\lambda,\mu \vdash d,$ we write $\lambda \succeq \mu$ if, for any $r \geq 1,$ the number of cells in the first $r$ rows of $\lambda$ is at least as large as the number of cells in the first $r$ rows of $\mu.$ This relation --- which is k...