text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
the spectral assignations of all the main resonances in the 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectra in dmso-d6 or d2o are presented and reviewed for ten of the principal tetracyclines in therapeutic use : tetracycline , chlortetracycline , 6-demethylchlortetracycline , minocycline , oxytetracycline , methacycline , mecl... | NA | {
"id": "C0039651",
"name": "tetracyclines",
"pos": [
169,
182
]
} | {
"id": "C0013090",
"name": "doxycycline",
"pos": [
331,
342
]
} |
the spectral assignations of all the main resonances in the 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectra in dmso-d6 or d2o are presented and reviewed for ten of the principal tetracyclines in therapeutic use : tetracycline , chlortetracycline , 6-demethylchlortetracycline , minocycline , oxytetracycline , methacycline , mecl... | NA | {
"id": "C0039651",
"name": "tetracyclines",
"pos": [
169,
182
]
} | {
"id": "C0035823",
"name": "rolitetracycline",
"pos": [
345,
361
]
} |
the spectral assignations of all the main resonances in the 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectra in dmso-d6 or d2o are presented and reviewed for ten of the principal tetracyclines in therapeutic use : tetracycline , chlortetracycline , 6-demethylchlortetracycline , minocycline , oxytetracycline , methacycline , mecl... | NA | {
"id": "C0039651",
"name": "tetracyclines",
"pos": [
169,
182
]
} | {
"id": "C0024200",
"name": "lymecycline",
"pos": [
366,
377
]
} |
sample counterions undergo both ion exchange for electrolyte ions in the diffuse part of the double layer and surface adsorption . | NA | {
"id": "C0013832",
"name": "electrolyte",
"pos": [
49,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ions",
"pos": [
61,
65
]
} |
conditions for the separation on octadecyl-bonded silica were evaluated with particular reference to the influence of ph , ion-pairing anions and quaternary ammonium ions . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
6,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
135,
141
]
} |
adrenaline , noradrenaline and dopamine have been quantified by direct injection of plasma and urine in a liquid chromatographic system comprising three columns , one packed with a boronic acid gel and two with reversed-phase material . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
13,
26
]
} |
dopamine was detected by coulometry , while noradrenaline and adrenaline were detected by fluorimetry as trishydroxyindoles after post-column coulometric oxidation and alkaline rearrangement . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
44,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
62,
72
]
} |
limits of detection were 0.04 , 0.05 and 1.6 pmol for noradrenaline , adrenaline and dopamine , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
54,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
70,
80
]
} |
a rapid assay is described for the simultaneous determination of emetine and cephaeline in ipecacuanha and its preparations , based upon the different fluorescence intensities of the alkaloids at ph 1 and ph 12 . | NA | {
"id": "C0013974",
"name": "emetine",
"pos": [
65,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0002062",
"name": "alkaloids",
"pos": [
183,
192
]
} |
concentrations of the individual alkaloids are calculated using two simultaneous equations derived from the experimentally determined coefficients of fluorescence of solutions ( 1 mug/ml ) of emetine and cephaeline at ph 1 and ph 12 . | NA | {
"id": "C0002062",
"name": "alkaloids",
"pos": [
33,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0013974",
"name": "emetine",
"pos": [
192,
199
]
} |
a test model is described for the determination of the dissolution rate of the vasodilator , felodipine , a derivative of dihydropyridine that is practically insoluble in water . | NA | {
"id": "C0015772",
"name": "felodipine",
"pos": [
93,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
122,
137
]
} |
however , the hydrolysis of the phosphoryl-enzyme complex mostly occurs from the protonated form of the enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme complex",
"pos": [
43,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
104,
110
]
} |
the ionization constants of the free enzyme and of the various enzyme-ligand complexes are very similar . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
37,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
63,
69
]
} |
there was a decrease in the oxygen bimolecular quenching constant upon complexation of trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin with proteinaceous trypsin inhibitors , of lysozyme with n-acetylglucosamine ( nag ) and di ( n-acetyl-d-glucosamine ) ( ( nag ) 2 ) and of hexokinase with glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0017718",
"name": "glucosamine",
"pos": [
183,
194
]
} | {
"id": "C0001056",
"name": "nag",
"pos": [
241,
244
]
} |
in contrast , even dilute colloidal solutions containing about 1 mol % ( with respect to solute ) ionic amphiphiles normally exhibited large dielectric dispersion ( 10 < delta ' < 700 ) , especially with electrolyte present . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ionic",
"pos": [
98,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0013832",
"name": "electrolyte",
"pos": [
204,
215
]
} |
the antinociceptive effects of o-methylflavinantine ( omf ) , a morphinandienone alkaloid , were investigated in the mouse hot plate and abdominal constriction tests ( nociceptive agents : 5-hydroxytryptamine , acetylcholine , bradykinin , prostaglandin , e ( 1 ) ( pge ( 1 ) , formic acid and phenylquinone ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandin",
"pos": [
240,
253
]
} | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "pge",
"pos": [
266,
269
]
} |
the antiserum , raised against a conjugate of quinine and bovine serum albumin , is highly specific to the cinchona quinoline alkaloids having the 8s configuration and will not cross-react to any detectable extent with the 8r series . | NA | {
"id": "C0034417",
"name": "quinine",
"pos": [
46,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0008792",
"name": "cinchona",
"pos": [
107,
115
]
} |
the essential oil of matricaria chamomilla roots is accumulated in schizogenous oil passages and oil cells restricted to the roots . | NA | {
"id": "C0028910",
"name": "essential oil",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0028908",
"name": "oil",
"pos": [
97,
100
]
} |
the amino acid analysis showed a predominance of acidic and neutral amino acids and low contents of histidine , arginine , and methionine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0301715",
"name": "neutral amino acids",
"pos": [
60,
79
]
} |
the ph optimum of the immobilized enzyme was shifted to 5.8 compared with ph 5.5 for the soluble enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0014444",
"name": "immobilized enzyme",
"pos": [
22,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
97,
103
]
} |
an efficient and practical method was desired to remove lignin and hemicellulose ( pentosans ) rapidly and efficiently from the lignocellulose complex and to make the cellulose accessible to enzymatic hydrolysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0023705",
"name": "lignin",
"pos": [
56,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
167,
176
]
} |
flavin adenine dinucleotide ( fad ) and glucose oxidase were adsorbed on medium porosity spectroscopic graphite ( sg ) and on low porosity glassy carbon ( gc ) with retention of electrochemical activity , as measured by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry . | NA | {
"id": "C0302933",
"name": "graphite",
"pos": [
103,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0007009",
"name": "carbon",
"pos": [
146,
152
]
} |
the immobilized enzyme was more stable than the purified , soluble enzyme against heat and ph change . | NA | {
"id": "C0014444",
"name": "immobilized enzyme",
"pos": [
4,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
67,
73
]
} |
it was confirmed that n- ( 5'-phosphopyridoxyl ) -l-serine was degradedly oxidized to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and l-serine by the immobilized enzyme as comparable rate as pyridoxine 5'-phosphate , whereas n- ( 5'-phosphopyridoxyl ) -d-serine did not serve as substrate , as in the purified , soluble enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0014444",
"name": "immobilized enzyme",
"pos": [
129,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
299,
305
]
} |
the results show that adsorption of water on starch-based materials is enhanced when the amount of amylopectin is highest . | NA | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
45,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0002728",
"name": "amylopectin",
"pos": [
99,
110
]
} |
if the immobilized enzyme is to be used in conjunction with cellulases from trichoderma reesei for cellulase saccharification , the optimal conditions would be ph 5.5 and 45 degrees c in a buffer containing no carboxylic acid groups . | NA | {
"id": "C1260229",
"name": "cellulases",
"pos": [
60,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0007641",
"name": "cellulase",
"pos": [
99,
108
]
} |
cellulose solubilizing activity was reduced by 40 % at a cellobiose concentration of 150 mm but glucose inhibited activity by only 10 % at this concentration . beta-glucosidase was inhibited by 40 % at a glucose concentration of 10mm ( ten times the substrate concentration ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0007630",
"name": "cellobiose",
"pos": [
57,
67
]
} |
in addition to phenol itself , polyphenol oxidase is capable of precipitating from water a number of substituted phenols ( cresols , chlorophenols , naphthol , etc . ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0031428",
"name": "phenols",
"pos": [
113,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0010305",
"name": "cresols",
"pos": [
123,
130
]
} |
the lignin , cellulose , and hemicellulose composition of the pretreated material was measured for each treatment condition . | NA | {
"id": "C0023705",
"name": "lignin",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
33,
42
]
} |
although the exact nature of the immobilization is not fully understood , the kinetic parameters of the immobilized enzyme are similar to those of the soluble enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0014444",
"name": "immobilized enzyme",
"pos": [
104,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
159,
165
]
} |
the latter was first chemically acetylated , then stereoselectively hydrolyzed with the immobilized enzyme , and finally the acetyl-l-carnitine and d-carnitine produced were separated by ion-exchange chromatography . | NA | {
"id": "C0001040",
"name": "acetyl-l-carnitine",
"pos": [
125,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0007258",
"name": "carnitine",
"pos": [
150,
159
]
} |
simple and compact solutions for the penetration depth of immobilized enzyme and the bulk enzyme concentration versus time are presented . | NA | {
"id": "C0014444",
"name": "immobilized enzyme",
"pos": [
58,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
90,
96
]
} |
compared to the free enzyme , the reduction of fad as part of the immobilized enzyme is 200 mv more cathodic , while the oxidation potential remains the same in both cases . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
21,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0014444",
"name": "immobilized enzyme",
"pos": [
66,
84
]
} |
the severely limited the maximum attainable ethanol concentration during fermentation , thereby making the beer costly to distill into fuel ethanol and the process energy inefficient . | NA | {
"id": "C0004922",
"name": "beer",
"pos": [
107,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
140,
147
]
} |
using the techniques of molecular hybridization analysis , rna fingerprinting and partial rna sequencing , b-sat rna and wl-sat rna were shown to be more closely related to each other ( probably differing by only a small number of nucleotides ) than to the other two satellite rnas . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
59,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0074081",
"name": "satellite rnas",
"pos": [
267,
281
]
} |
we have detected a small rna species which is homologous to the satellite rna that appears in plants inoculated with the gel-purified viral genomic rna . | NA | {
"id": "C0074081",
"name": "satellite rna",
"pos": [
64,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
148,
151
]
} |
in addition , the dna at one of these sites is expanded , possibly via tandem duplication , in a fraction of the total viral dna population . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
18,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
119,
128
]
} |
the medial tarsal tunnel syndrome is a compression neuropathy involving the tibial nerve or its branches as they pass through the tarsal tunnel under the flexor retinaculum . | NA | {
"id": "C0039319",
"name": "tarsal tunnel syndrome",
"pos": [
11,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0027743",
"name": "compression neuropathy",
"pos": [
39,
61
]
} |
the analyte is enriched on the anion-exehanger dowex 1 x 8 , which exhibits a considerably greater affinity for bromide than for the major anions in fresh water . | NA | {
"id": "C0006222",
"name": "bromide",
"pos": [
112,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
139,
145
]
} |
solvent extraction of noble metals by formazans-i comparative study on the extractability of pt ( iv ) , pd ( ii ) and ag ( i ) by formazans combined with a liquid anion-exchanger . | NA | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
15,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
164,
169
]
} |
in dichloromethane the combined system behaves as a `` '' coloured anion-exchanger '' '' , with displacement of the sulphonated formazan , whereas in toluene pd ( ii ) and ag ( i ) are extracted as the metal formazan chelates from aqueous medium . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anio",
"pos": [
67,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "g",
"pos": [
173,
174
]
} |
0.5-3.0 mmole of isocyanide groups per gram , was determined by reacting the resins with excess of bromine in chloroform , then treating the unreacted bromine with potassium iodide and titrating the liberated iodine with thiosulphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0032831",
"name": "potassium iodide",
"pos": [
164,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "iodine",
"pos": [
209,
215
]
} |
the compounds were separated by hplc on a cyanopropyl-bonded silica column with toluene containing 1-5 % acetic acid , 1-5 % ethanol or methanol and 0.0015 % morin . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
125,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
136,
144
]
} |
this complex anion can form an ion-association complex with tetra-alkylammonium ions which can be extracted into n-butyl alcohol with an efficiency higher than 90 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
13,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
80,
83
]
} |
the compound 12-crown-4 can be used to complex sodium selectively in the presence of other alkali-metal ions . | NA | {
"id": "C0037473",
"name": "sodium",
"pos": [
47,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0025554",
"name": "alkali-metal",
"pos": [
91,
103
]
} |
these minerals , containing very high amounts of elements which present some problems to the analyst , such as uranium , titanium , niobium and rare-earth elements , are fused with potassium bisulphate , and the cooled melts dissolved in sulphuric acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0013879",
"name": "elements",
"pos": [
49,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0025556",
"name": "rare-earth elements",
"pos": [
144,
163
]
} |
the method has been applied to the estimation of molybdenum in various synthetic and alloy-steel samples . | NA | {
"id": "C0002154",
"name": "alloy",
"pos": [
85,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0038239",
"name": "steel",
"pos": [
91,
96
]
} |
a new and sensitive titrimetric method with an amplification procedure has been worked out for the determination of 10-1000 mug of phenol , resorcinol or phloroglucinol . | NA | {
"id": "C0031428",
"name": "phenol",
"pos": [
131,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0035197",
"name": "resorcinol",
"pos": [
140,
150
]
} |
a new and sensitive titrimetric method with an amplification procedure has been worked out for the determination of 10-1000 mug of phenol , resorcinol or phloroglucinol . | NA | {
"id": "C0031428",
"name": "phenol",
"pos": [
131,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0031566",
"name": "phloroglucinol",
"pos": [
154,
168
]
} |
from the extraction isotherms , absorption spectra of the organic phases and dependence of the extraction coefficients on extractant concentration , it was found that the singly-charged anions hl ( - ) are extracted preferentially , but acidic groups other than sulphonate can also form ion-pairs with alkylammonium cati... | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
16,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
316,
323
]
} |
from the extraction isotherms , absorption spectra of the organic phases and dependence of the extraction coefficients on extractant concentration , it was found that the singly-charged anions hl ( - ) are extracted preferentially , but acidic groups other than sulphonate can also form ion-pairs with alkylammonium cati... | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
16,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
432,
437
]
} |
a highly sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric procedure for the determination of lead in the range 0.003-0.5 ppm , based on solvent extraction of the ion-pair formed between the eosinate anion and the cationic complex of pb ( 2+ ) with 18-crown-6 , has been developed . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
81,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
194,
199
]
} |
a highly sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric procedure for the determination of lead in the range 0.003-0.5 ppm , based on solvent extraction of the ion-pair formed between the eosinate anion and the cationic complex of pb ( 2+ ) with 18-crown-6 , has been developed . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
81,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cationic",
"pos": [
208,
216
]
} |
the mole fraction of carbonate at equilibrium is about 0.4 and the equilibrium constant is 0.15m at 20 degrees . with this value of the constant , the composition of the ion-exchanger for various bicarbonate concentrations has been calculated for a closed system . | NA | {
"id": "C0007026",
"name": "carbonate",
"pos": [
21,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "bicarbonate",
"pos": [
196,
207
]
} |
at [ hco ( 3 ) ( - ) ] < 0.01m a substantial part of the resin is in the carbonate form , whereas for [ hco ( 3 ) ( - ) ] 0.05m the resin is present almost exclusively in bicarbonate form . | NA | {
"id": "C0007026",
"name": "carbonate",
"pos": [
73,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "bicarbonate",
"pos": [
171,
182
]
} |
the exchange constants of bromide at trace level have been determined for the bicarbonate and mixed carbonate forms of the ion-exchanger . | NA | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "bicarbonate",
"pos": [
78,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0007026",
"name": "carbonate",
"pos": [
100,
109
]
} |
aggregation of q { fe ( iii ) l ( 2 ) } in chloroform was observed and the dimerization constant ( k ( d ) = [ q ( 2 ) { fe ( iii ) l ( 2 ) } ( 2 ) ] ( o ) / [ q { fe ( iii ) l ( 2 ) } ] ( o ) ( 2 ) ) was evaluated as log k ( d ) = 4.3 +/- 0.3 at 20 degrees . the neutral chelates of { fe ( ii ) ( hl ) ( 2 ) } and { fe ... | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
8,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cationic",
"pos": [
365,
373
]
} |
a spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of 8-hydroxyquinoline and three of its iodinated derivatives : 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline ( clioquinol ) , 5,7-di-iodo-8-hydroxy-quinoline ( iodoquinol ) and 8-hydroxy-7-iodo-quinolone-5-sulphonic acid ( chinoform ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0000665",
"name": "8-hydroxyquinoline",
"pos": [
65,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0021978",
"name": "clioquinol",
"pos": [
162,
172
]
} |
a spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of 8-hydroxyquinoline and three of its iodinated derivatives : 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline ( clioquinol ) , 5,7-di-iodo-8-hydroxy-quinoline ( iodoquinol ) and 8-hydroxy-7-iodo-quinolone-5-sulphonic acid ( chinoform ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0000665",
"name": "8-hydroxyquinoline",
"pos": [
65,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0012341",
"name": "iodoquinol",
"pos": [
211,
221
]
} |
by using three-photon excitation at 291.7 nm of the n = 4 hydrogen level and observing balmer-beta radiation at 486.1 nm , hydrogen atoms in an atmospheric c ( 2 ) h ( 2 ) /o ( 2 ) flame have been detected . | NA | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
58,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "h ( 2",
"pos": [
164,
169
]
} |
the period for insulin-induced increase in da and 5-ht metabolites corresponded to a maximal fall of glucose levels both in blood and csf although the csf glucose decrease was delayed when compared to the fall of blood glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
101,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood glucose",
"pos": [
213,
226
]
} |
the dipeptides carnosine , homocarnosine and anserine are differentially distributed among the retinas of several vertebrate species . | NA | {
"id": "C0012512",
"name": "dipeptides",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0007267",
"name": "carnosine",
"pos": [
31,
40
]
} |
the dipeptides carnosine , homocarnosine and anserine are differentially distributed among the retinas of several vertebrate species . | NA | {
"id": "C0012512",
"name": "dipeptides",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0003134",
"name": "anserine",
"pos": [
45,
53
]
} |
the biological function of these dipeptides is unknown but their presence and synthesis in retina may confound studies of uptake , metabolism and cellular localization of their component amino acids ? -alanine , gamma-aminobutyric acid and histidine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
187,
198
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
202,
209
]
} |
muscimol , pentobarbitone and diazepam reduced the number of animals convulsing and prolonged the time to onset of convulsions in those animals which did , whereas baclofen and ? -acetylenic gaba had no effect on the number of animals convulsing but did prolong seizure latency . | NA | {
"id": "C0004609",
"name": "baclofen",
"pos": [
164,
172
]
} | {
"id": "C0016904",
"name": "gaba",
"pos": [
191,
195
]
} |
pentobarbitone , baclofen and ? -acetylenic gaba caused significant increases in the concentrations of cyclic amp , whereas there was no marked effect of treatment with iptbo alone on the levels of this nucleotide : however , iptbo reduced the extent of the increases produced by the drugs . | NA | {
"id": "C0004609",
"name": "baclofen",
"pos": [
17,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0016904",
"name": "gaba",
"pos": [
44,
48
]
} |
aminopeptidases purified from cytosolic fractions of rat brain ( arylamidase ) , mouse brain ( mn ( 2+ ) -activated aminopeptidase ) or porcine kidney ( leucine aminopeptidase ) were inactive towards n-tyr-mif-1 but degraded mif-1 with release of leu-gly.nh ( 2 ) as detected by rp-hplc procedures . | NA | {
"id": "C0002570",
"name": "aminopeptidase",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0023402",
"name": "leucine aminopeptidase",
"pos": [
153,
175
]
} |
brain homogenates of suckling rats ( but not those of adults ) incorporated label from [ 3- ( 14 ) c ] ketone bodies into lipids , but this process was slow as compared to ( 14 ) co ( 2 ) production ( < 5 % ) and much slower than the total rate of ketone-body utilization ( < 0.5 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0022631",
"name": "ketone bodies",
"pos": [
103,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0022634",
"name": "ketone",
"pos": [
248,
254
]
} |
the effects of trimethyl-tin ( anion-hydroxyde ionophore , inhibiting oxydative phosphorylation and h ( + ) -atpase ) probenecid ( inhibitor of anion transport in neural cells ) and phenylglyoxal ( arginine-specific reagent , inhibiting chloride exchanges in erythrocytes ) were examined in torpedo synaptosomes prepared... | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
31,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
237,
245
]
} |
individual plasma cells secrete antibody of a single antigenic specificity and monoclonal antibodies are thus obtainable from a cell line derived from a single plasma cell . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
32,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
79,
100
]
} |
these ice islands range up to 1.5 kilometers long , stand up to 7 meters above the water surface , and may extend out tens of meters and more beneath the unfrozen lake sediments . | NA | {
"id": "C0020746",
"name": "ice",
"pos": [
6,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
83,
88
]
} |
these favositids arose from a group of ordovician lithistid demosponges that adapted to toxic calcium excess in shallow , tropical marine environments by developing calicoblasts within the pinacoderm , supplementing their primary siliceous spicular skeletons with basally secreted calcium carbonate . | NA | {
"id": "C0006675",
"name": "calcium",
"pos": [
94,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0006681",
"name": "calcium carbonate",
"pos": [
281,
298
]
} |
for a number of selected sulfur-containing minerals and organic model compounds , results show that near-edge spectral features are diagnostic for sulfur in specific organic moieties such as thiols , disulfides , and various heterocyclics , as well as in mineral sulfide and sulfate phases . | NA | {
"id": "C0012771",
"name": "disulfides",
"pos": [
200,
210
]
} | {
"id": "C0038739",
"name": "sulfide",
"pos": [
263,
270
]
} |
trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose commonly found at high concentrations in anhydrobiotic organisms . | NA | {
"id": "C0040815",
"name": "trehalose",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0012611",
"name": "disaccharide",
"pos": [
27,
39
]
} |
most of the nitrogen and phosphorus is found in the soil , and the remaining nutrient elements are found in the standing biomass . | NA | {
"id": "C0028158",
"name": "nitrogen",
"pos": [
12,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0013879",
"name": "elements",
"pos": [
86,
94
]
} |
most of the nitrogen and phosphorus is found in the soil , and the remaining nutrient elements are found in the standing biomass . | NA | {
"id": "C0031705",
"name": "phosphorus",
"pos": [
25,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0013879",
"name": "elements",
"pos": [
86,
94
]
} |
pd was not produced from hexoses ( e.g. , d-glucose or l-mannose ) , despite active fermentation of these substrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexoses",
"pos": [
25,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0024742",
"name": "mannose",
"pos": [
57,
64
]
} |
by using different concentrations of externally added sodium salts , the relative growth inhibition caused by the anion was found to be in the order of acetate > chloride > sulfate . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
114,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
162,
170
]
} |
by using different concentrations of externally added sodium salts , the relative growth inhibition caused by the anion was found to be in the order of acetate > chloride > sulfate . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
114,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0038720",
"name": "sulfate",
"pos": [
173,
180
]
} |
ice bacterial biomass concentration was more than 10 times higher than bacterioplankton from the water column . | NA | {
"id": "C0020746",
"name": "ice",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
97,
102
]
} |
the data presented indicate that a rapid metabolism or the elimination of these compounds occurs in lake water . | NA | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
41,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "elimination",
"pos": [
59,
70
]
} |
rhizopus arrhizus biomass was found to absorb a variety of different metal cations and anions but did not absorb alkali metal ions . | NA | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
75,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ions",
"pos": [
126,
130
]
} |
rhizopus arrhizus biomass was found to absorb a variety of different metal cations and anions but did not absorb alkali metal ions . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
87,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ions",
"pos": [
126,
130
]
} |
the uptake of the molybdate and vanadate anions was strongly ph dependent , and it is proposed that the uptake mechanism involves electrostatic attraction to positively charged functional groups . | NA | {
"id": "C0042305",
"name": "vanadate",
"pos": [
32,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
41,
47
]
} |
the betaine-stimulated differential synthesis of vitamin b ( 12 ) , i.e. , the increase in b ( 12 ) per increase in dry cell weight , by pseudomonas denitrificans was inhibited by rifampin and chloramphenicol but not by benzylpenicillin and carbenicillin at concentrations of antibiotic that inhibit growth . | NA | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "benzylpenicillin",
"pos": [
220,
236
]
} | {
"id": "C0006976",
"name": "carbenicillin",
"pos": [
241,
254
]
} |
carbohydrate analysis of the lps from a virulent , fluidal strain ( k60 ) showed that the o-specific antigen consisted of rhamnose , xylose , and 2-amino-2-deoxyglucose in the proportions 4:1:1 . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
29,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0069180",
"name": "o",
"pos": [
184,
185
]
} |
development of rapidly fermenting strains of saccharomyces diastaticus for direct conversion of starch and dextrins to ethanol . | NA | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
96,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0011808",
"name": "dextrins",
"pos": [
107,
115
]
} |
alcoholic fermentation , growth , and glucoamylase production by 12 strains of saccharomyces diastaticus were compared by using starch and dextrins as substrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
128,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0011808",
"name": "dextrins",
"pos": [
139,
147
]
} |
commercial dextrin was not as good a substrate as dextrins prepared by digesting starch with alpha-amylase . | NA | {
"id": "C0054527",
"name": "commercial",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0011808",
"name": "dextrins",
"pos": [
50,
58
]
} |
commercial dextrin was not as good a substrate as dextrins prepared by digesting starch with alpha-amylase . | NA | {
"id": "C0011808",
"name": "dextrins",
"pos": [
50,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
81,
87
]
} |
both strains grew and produced alcohols on glucose complex medium at 60 degrees c in the presence of either 5 % methanol or acetone , and these solvents when added at low concentration stimulated fermentative metabolism . | NA | {
"id": "C0001975",
"name": "alcohols",
"pos": [
31,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
112,
120
]
} |
each fraction type contained the lps components , lipid a , heptose , 2-keto-3-deoxy sugar , and neutral and amino sugars . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
33,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
50,
57
]
} |
the lps from three isolates of p. putida were distinct in possessing a high proportion of amino sugar and containing glucose as the major neutral sugar component ( 86 to 100 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002531",
"name": "amino sugar",
"pos": [
90,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0007004",
"name": "sugar",
"pos": [
146,
151
]
} |
cellulose , xylan , pectin , cellobiose , glucose , maltose , galactose , sucrose , lactose , and mannose serve as substrates for growth . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0007630",
"name": "cellobiose",
"pos": [
29,
39
]
} |
h ( 2 ) , co ( 2 ) , acetate , butyrate , formate , and lactate are produced during fermentation of cellulose or cellobiose . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
100,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0007630",
"name": "cellobiose",
"pos": [
113,
123
]
} |
carbohydrate analysis showed that the lps of the phage-resistant strains lacked o-antigen sugars ( rhamnose , xylose , and n-acetylglucosamine ) and could be grouped into ( i ) those that had all core sugars ( rhamnose , glucose , heptose , and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate ) , ( ii ) those that had no core rhamnose , and ( i... | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
38,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0069180",
"name": "o-antigen",
"pos": [
80,
89
]
} |
the observed 2:1 ratio of hydrocarbon to oxygen consumption suggests that the oxygenase in n. paraffinicum , unlike the conventional mono- or dioxygenases , requires two hydrocarbon-binding sites for each of the oxygen-binding sites and is therefore an intermolecular dioxygenase . | NA | {
"id": "C0030065",
"name": "oxygenase",
"pos": [
78,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0599874",
"name": "dioxygenase",
"pos": [
268,
279
]
} |
a newly isolated mesophilic anaerobe , bacteroides cellulosolvens , has the ability to produce cellulase and to degrade cellulose to cellobiose and glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
120,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0007630",
"name": "cellobiose",
"pos": [
133,
143
]
} |
this anaerobe appears to degrade cellulose to cellobiose by cellulase action , and the presence of cells appears necessary for the formation of glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
33,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0007630",
"name": "cellobiose",
"pos": [
46,
56
]
} |
when a nitrogen source , ergosterol , and oleic acid are added to worts up to 31 % dissolved solids , it is possible to produce beers up to 16.2 % ( vol/vol ) ethanol . | NA | {
"id": "C0004922",
"name": "beers",
"pos": [
128,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
159,
166
]
} |
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