text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
the carbon and electron flow pathways and the bacterial populations responsible for transformation of h ( 2 ) -co ( 2 ) , formate , methanol , methylamine , acetate , glycine , ethanol , and lactate were examined in sediments collected from knaack lake , wis . | NA | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
132,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
177,
184
]
} |
during an outbreak of chronic copper poisoning , fecal and urinary copper excretion were measured following treatment with molybdenum and sulfur supplementation of the feed ( 0.1 g ammonium molybdate plus 1 g sodium sulfate/sheep/day ) or oral penicillamine ( 50 mg/kg bodyweight/day ) using rams in metabolism cages . | NA | {
"id": "C0026402",
"name": "molybdenum",
"pos": [
123,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0051721",
"name": "ammonium molybdate",
"pos": [
181,
199
]
} |
a total of 2434 calving records from seven calving seasons were analyzed by the least-squares and chi-square procedures to study the influences of breeding group , age of dam , sex and birth weight of calf and dam weight at calving on the time of day of parturition . | NA | {
"id": "C0005612",
"name": "birth weight",
"pos": [
185,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
214,
220
]
} |
vpg covalently bound to viral rna chains ( vpg-rna ) was iodinated with chloramine-t and bolton-hunter reagent to label tyrosine and lysine residues , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0035736",
"name": "viral rna",
"pos": [
24,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
47,
50
]
} |
firstly , translation beginning at the initiation codon of orf vii should reach an in-phase termination codon before the initiation codon of orf i . | NA | {
"id": "C0009221",
"name": "codon",
"pos": [
50,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0242611",
"name": "termination codon",
"pos": [
92,
109
]
} |
results suggest translation from a polycistronic mrna by a ; relay race ' mechanism whereby ribosomes after passing a termination codon re-initiate protein synthesis at the nearest aug codon . | NA | {
"id": "C0242611",
"name": "termination codon",
"pos": [
118,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0009221",
"name": "codon",
"pos": [
185,
190
]
} |
the presence in the kidney bean genome of four leghemoglobin genes suggests that tandem duplications of a single primordial plant globin gene had occurred to generate four leghemoglobin genes in an ; lb-locus ' before glycine and phaseolus species diverged . | NA | {
"id": "C0017645",
"name": "globin",
"pos": [
54,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0023235",
"name": "lb",
"pos": [
200,
202
]
} |
upon denaturation and reannealing of native linear chilo iridescent virus dna ( 158 x 10 ( 6 ) daltons ) , duplex dna circles of a smaller size ( 140 x 10 ( 6 ) daltons ) with protruding tails were formed . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
74,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "dna circles",
"pos": [
114,
125
]
} |
when hydrogen isotope ratios are plotted against carbon isotope ratios , four clusters of points are discernible , each representing different photosynthetic modes : c ( 3 ) plants , c ( 4 ) plants , cam plants , and c ( 3 ) plants that can shift to cam or show the phenomenon referred to as cam-cycling . | NA | {
"id": "C0022262",
"name": "isotope",
"pos": [
14,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0007017",
"name": "carbon isotope",
"pos": [
49,
63
]
} |
the female tumor tissues were characterized by an increase of total endogenous cytokinins and by the appearance of some specific metabolites such as a methyl-thio-z and several glycosylated z derivatives that had not been detected in healthy apices.in both male and female tumor tissues , the cis form of rz , present in... | NA | {
"id": "C0010815",
"name": "cytokinins",
"pos": [
79,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0043456",
"name": "rz",
"pos": [
353,
355
]
} |
the small incorporation of glycine could be accounted for by transfer of label to intracellular glutamate pools , as determined from amino acid analysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
27,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
133,
138
]
} |
sucrose accumulated by both tissues is rapidly converted to other chemical forms , especially in root tissue where only approximately 50 % remains as neutral sugars 1 hour following the start of radiolable exposure . | NA | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
158,
164
]
} |
to determine if sucrose was hydrolyzed during uptake , spikes of betzes and segl were allowed to take up [ fructose-u- ( 14 ) c ] sucrose 14 days after anthesis and the radioactivity of endosperm sugars was examined during 3 hours of incubation . | NA | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
16,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
196,
202
]
} |
whereas less total radioactivity entered the endosperm and the endosperm cavity ( free space ) of segl , in both genotypes over 96 % of the label of endosperm sugars was in sucrose , and there was no apparent initial or progressive randomization of label among hexose moieties of sucrose as compared to the free space sa... | NA | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
159,
165
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
280,
287
]
} |
nodules metabolized [ ( 3 ) h ] zeatin riboside to the following cytokinins/cytokinin metabolites : zeatin , adenosine , adenine , the o-glucosides of zeatin and zeatin riboside , lupinic acid , nucleotides of adenine and zeatin , and the dihydro derivatives of many of these compounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0010815",
"name": "cytokinins",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0001407",
"name": "adenine",
"pos": [
210,
217
]
} |
nodules metabolized [ ( 3 ) h ] zeatin riboside to the following cytokinins/cytokinin metabolites : zeatin , adenosine , adenine , the o-glucosides of zeatin and zeatin riboside , lupinic acid , nucleotides of adenine and zeatin , and the dihydro derivatives of many of these compounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0010815",
"name": "cytokinins",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0043456",
"name": "zeatin",
"pos": [
222,
228
]
} |
this would indicate that the amylopectin component of starch depends on an equilibrium between the activities of branching enzymes introducing alpha-1,6 branch points into the linear alpha-1,4 glucans and debranching enzymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0002728",
"name": "amylopectin",
"pos": [
29,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
54,
60
]
} |
this would indicate that the amylopectin component of starch depends on an equilibrium between the activities of branching enzymes introducing alpha-1,6 branch points into the linear alpha-1,4 glucans and debranching enzymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
54,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0017696",
"name": "glucans",
"pos": [
193,
200
]
} |
the endogenous level of putrescine and spermidine on a per cell basis increased gradually up to the 8th hour of the cycle , and declined thereafter . | NA | {
"id": "C0034170",
"name": "putrescine",
"pos": [
24,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
59,
63
]
} |
concentrations of major cations and cl ( - ) in the plant organs were remarkably similar in both lines , indicative of minimal differences in gross ion absorption and translocation . | NA | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
24,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
177,
180
]
} |
the data obtained by the minimum method for rapidly permeating ( ethanol , methanol ) and slowly permeating ( formamide , dimethylformamide ) solutes are similar to those calculated from the half-time of pressure changes during the solute phase and to data obtained by other workers using radioactive tracers . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
65,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
75,
83
]
} |
finally , a group of 16- and 17-kilodalton proteins was synthesized by cleavage of large precursor proteins , likely in two steps . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
43,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0033665",
"name": "precursor",
"pos": [
89,
98
]
} |
hydrogen and carbon isotope ratios of cellulose nitrate and oxygen isotope ratios of cellulose from c ( 3 ) , c ( 4 ) , and crassulacean acid metabolism ( cam ) plants were determined for plants growing within a small area in val verde county , texas . | NA | {
"id": "C0007017",
"name": "carbon isotope",
"pos": [
13,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0022262",
"name": "isotope",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} |
plants having cam had distinctly higher deuterium/hydrogen ( d/h ) ratios than plants having c ( 3 ) and c ( 4 ) metabolism . | NA | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "deuterium",
"pos": [
40,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
50,
58
]
} |
when hydrogen isotope ratios are plotted against carbon isotope ratios , each photosynthetic mode separates into a distinct cluster of points . | NA | {
"id": "C0022262",
"name": "isotope",
"pos": [
14,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0007017",
"name": "carbon isotope",
"pos": [
49,
63
]
} |
c ( 4 ) plants had many d/h ratios similar to those of c ( 3 ) plants , so that hydrogen isotope ratios can not be used to distinguish between these two photosynthetic modes . | NA | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "d/h",
"pos": [
24,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
80,
88
]
} |
when oxygen isotope ratios are plotted against carbon isotope ratios , no distinct clustering of the c ( 4 ) and cam plants occurs . | NA | {
"id": "C0022262",
"name": "isotope",
"pos": [
12,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0007017",
"name": "carbon isotope",
"pos": [
47,
61
]
} |
this observation is consistent with the hypothesis that higher d/h ratios in cam plants relative to c ( 3 ) and c ( 4 ) plants are due to isotopic fractionations occurring during biochemical reactions . | NA | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "d/h",
"pos": [
63,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "d/h",
"pos": [
63,
66
]
} |
changes in cytokinins and gibberellin-like substances in pinus radiata buds during lateral shoot initiation and the characterization of ribosyl zeatin and a novel ribosyl zeatin glycoside . | NA | {
"id": "C0010815",
"name": "cytokinins",
"pos": [
11,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0043456",
"name": "zeatin",
"pos": [
171,
177
]
} |
the method is based on the transfer of the propylamine moiety of decarboxylated s-adenosylmethionine to labeled putrescine , followed by ion-exchange separation of the labeled amine substrate and product , which are then converted to the 5-dimethylamino-1-napthalene sulfonyl ( dansyl ) derivatives and further purified ... | NA | {
"id": "C0033504",
"name": "propylamine",
"pos": [
43,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0002508",
"name": "amine",
"pos": [
176,
181
]
} |
activities did not change upon storage of leaves for up to 4 hours in ice water or liquid nitrogen before homogenization , but were about 20 % higher in the latter . | NA | {
"id": "C0020746",
"name": "ice",
"pos": [
70,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
74,
79
]
} |
measurements of cations associated with cell wall and intracellular macromolecules were made to determine intracellular concentration of free ions . | NA | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
16,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ions",
"pos": [
142,
146
]
} |
the specific activities of acid and alkaline invertases ( beta-d-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase , ec 3.2.1.26 ) , sucrose synthase ( udpglucose : d-fructose 2-alpha-d-glucosyltransferase , ec 2.4.1.13 ) , hexokinase ( atp : d-hexose 6-phosphotransferase , ec 2.7.1.1 ) , and fructokinase ( atp : d-fructose 6-phosphotr... | NA | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
228,
234
]
} | {
"id": "C0016745",
"name": "fructose",
"pos": [
300,
308
]
} |
the lectin had a hexose content of 12 % ( w/w ) and contained the sugars fucose , glucosamine , mannose , and xylose . | NA | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
17,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0024742",
"name": "mannose",
"pos": [
96,
103
]
} |
below 17 % moisture content ( fresh weight basis ) , the decrease in vigor closely matched the loss of nad ( + ) and adenosine phosphates . | NA | {
"id": "C0027270",
"name": "nad",
"pos": [
103,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0001413",
"name": "adenosine phosphates",
"pos": [
117,
137
]
} |
the amino group of asparagine is widely distributed in amino acids , especially aspartate , glutamate , alanine , and homoserine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
55,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
104,
111
]
} |
the amino group of asparagine is widely distributed in amino acids , especially aspartate , glutamate , alanine , and homoserine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
55,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0019892",
"name": "homoserine",
"pos": [
118,
128
]
} |
upon desiccation of gametophytes of the desiccation-tolerant moss tortula ruralis preexisting pools of poly ( a ) ( - ) rna ( rrna ) remain inact , regardless of the speed at which desiccation is achieved . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
120,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "rrna",
"pos": [
126,
130
]
} |
the small line width of fatty acids ( mainly oleic , linoleic , and palmitic acids ) resonances and spin-lattice relaxation time are indicative of fast rotational reorientations and are consequently thought to arise from fatty acyl chains in fat droplets . | NA | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acids",
"pos": [
24,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0030235",
"name": "palmitic acids",
"pos": [
68,
82
]
} |
among 14 compounds tested ( sugars , amino-acids , hormones , ( 32 ) p ) , sucrose uptake was by far the most sensitive to pcmbs . | NA | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
28,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
75,
82
]
} |
aspartate , asparagine , glutamate , glutamine , serine , alanine , and gamma-aminobutyric acid were the major amino acids , accounting for over 70 % of the total amino acids present . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
58,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
163,
174
]
} |
various limit dextrins in the starch gel are identified by their characteristic color development in ki/i solution . | NA | {
"id": "C0011808",
"name": "dextrins",
"pos": [
14,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0038179",
"name": "starch",
"pos": [
30,
36
]
} |
intact spinach ( spinacia oleracea l. ) leaf peroxisomes were supplied with glycolate and one to three of the amino acids serine , glutamate , and alanine , and the amount of the respective alpha-keto acids formed in glyoxylate transamination was assayed . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
110,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
147,
154
]
} |
the relative serine , glutamate , and alanine transamination at equal amino acid concentrations was roughly 40 , 30 , and 30 % , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
38,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
70,
80
]
} |
at 1 millimolar of each of the three amino acids in combination , the relative serine , glutamate , and alanine transamination was roughly 60 , 23 , and 17 % , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
37,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
104,
111
]
} |
the contents of the three amino acids in leaf extracts were analyzed , and the relative contribution of the three amino acids in glycine production in photorespiration was assessed and discussed . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
26,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
129,
136
]
} |
the cytokinins were also dealkylated by the microsomal enzymes and formed adenine from cytokinin base and adenosine from cytokinin nucleoside . | NA | {
"id": "C0010815",
"name": "cytokinins",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0001407",
"name": "adenine",
"pos": [
74,
81
]
} |
presence of l-methionine in the medium led to increased total tissue sulfur , accounted for almost wholly by manyfold increases in soluble methionine , adomet , and s-methylmethionine sulfonium . | NA | {
"id": "C0025646",
"name": "methionine",
"pos": [
14,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0042889",
"name": "methylmethionine",
"pos": [
167,
183
]
} |
unlike needles of intact plants containing piceatannol ( 3,3',4',5-tetrahydroxystilbene ) and stilbene glycosides the cultured cells converted phenylalanine and p-coumaric acid primarily into resveratrol monomethyl ether ( 3,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxystilbene ) and naringenin . | NA | {
"id": "C0038333",
"name": "stilbene",
"pos": [
79,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0073096",
"name": "ether",
"pos": [
215,
220
]
} |
radioactivity from the enzymic oxidation of [ ( 14 ) c ] oxalate rapidly appeared in neutral sugars ( mainly sucrose ) , organic acids ( mainly malate ) , and amino acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
93,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
109,
116
]
} |
the freezing behavior of dimethylsulfoxide ( dmso ) and sorbitol solutions and periwinkle ( catharanthus roseus ) cells treated with dmso and sorbitol alone and in combination was examined by nuclear magnetic resonance and differential thermal analysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0770619",
"name": "sorbitol solutions",
"pos": [
56,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0037688",
"name": "sorbitol",
"pos": [
142,
150
]
} |
as agps are components of most plant tissues and exudates , it is likely that attempts to raise monoclonal antibodies to other plant extracts will result in hybridomas producing antibodies to agps . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
96,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
178,
188
]
} |
the cytotoxicities of alanine , aspartic acid , asparagine , glutamic acid , glutamine , glycine , lysine , proline , and valine were reduced when the naphthaleneacetic acid concentration of the culture medium was increased to 1 micromolar . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
61,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
77,
86
]
} |
competition for uptake of 0.5 millimolar sucrose by several sugars suggested that the beta-d-fructofuranoside bond and molecular size of sucrose were particularly important in sugar recognition by the saturable component carrier . | NA | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
60,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
137,
144
]
} |
intact spheroplasts of the cyanobacterium ( blue-green alga ) anacystis nidulans oxidized various exogenous c-type cytochromes with concomitant outward proton translocation while exogenous ferricytochrome c was not reduced . | NA | {
"id": "C1256752",
"name": "c-type cytochromes",
"pos": [
108,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0010749",
"name": "ferricytochrome c",
"pos": [
189,
206
]
} |
proline , in a concentration-dependent manner , reduces the amount of enzyme precipitated by peg , although the effect of the imino acid can be counteracted by raising the level of peg . | NA | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0020931",
"name": "imino acid",
"pos": [
126,
136
]
} |
no differences could be detected in cellulose , uronic acid , and lignin content expressed on a dry weight basis . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
36,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0023705",
"name": "lignin",
"pos": [
66,
72
]
} |
gas liquid chromatographic analysis of the oil content of the most numerous gland species ( capitate stalked , capitate sessile with one and with eight secretory cells ) indicated only minor quantitative differences in essential oil composition . | NA | {
"id": "C0028908",
"name": "oil",
"pos": [
43,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0028910",
"name": "essential oil",
"pos": [
219,
232
]
} |
kinetic studies revealed that the inhibition by sugars is reversible , and that inhibition by sucrose is uncompetitive while that by sorbitol is competitive . | NA | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
48,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
94,
101
]
} |
in tissues where cells are tightly packed , share common walls , and lack intercellular spaces , the presence of water in cell wall microcapillaries would alter the freezing temperature of tissue water , impede the spread of ice , and facilitate supercooling . | NA | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
113,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0020746",
"name": "ice",
"pos": [
225,
228
]
} |
the effect of k-deficiency on the putrescine biosynthetic enzyme , arginine decarboxylase ( adc ) , was investigated by growing oat ( avena sativa l. var victory ) plants on a low-k , but otherwise complete nutrient medium in washed quartz sand for up to 18 days . | NA | {
"id": "C0034387",
"name": "quartz",
"pos": [
233,
239
]
} | {
"id": "C0037098",
"name": "sand",
"pos": [
240,
244
]
} |
in the cotyledon or embryonic axis , put decreases to a nearly undetectable level , while spd level sharply increases as seed dry weight accumulation progresses . | NA | {
"id": "C0034170",
"name": "put",
"pos": [
37,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "level",
"pos": [
94,
99
]
} |
in contrast , spd level or the molar ratio of spd : put appears to decrease as cell differentiation or elongation progresses . | NA | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "level",
"pos": [
18,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0034170",
"name": "put",
"pos": [
52,
55
]
} |
it was shown that alanine , aromatic , and small amounts of branched chain amino acids were formed from bicarbonate in purified intact chloroplasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
18,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
75,
80
]
} |
seed shriveling in the man-made intergeneric hybrid , triticale ( x triticosecale wittmack ) appears to be related to increased activity of endosperm acid phosphatases including para-nitrophenyl phosphatase , atpase , adpase , phosphatidic phosphatase , and glucose-1-phosphatase that occur specifically at later stages ... | NA | {
"id": "C0028189",
"name": "para-nitrophenyl phosphatase",
"pos": [
178,
206
]
} | {
"id": "C0031678",
"name": "phosphatase",
"pos": [
268,
279
]
} |
based on the protein to chlorophyll a ratio of 7700 grams protein per mole chlorophyll a for the complex , each apoprotein molecule contains , to the nearest integer , two chlorophyll a , one chlorophyll c , and five fucoxanthin molecules . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
13,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0003601",
"name": "apoprotein",
"pos": [
112,
122
]
} |
direct inhibition of the electrogenic h ( + ) -atpase by no ( 3 ) ( - ) or dids suggest that the vanadate-insensitive h ( + ) -pumping atpase has anion-sensitive site ( s ) that regulate the catalytic and vectorial activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0042305",
"name": "vanadate",
"pos": [
97,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
146,
151
]
} |
l-canavanine , the guanidinooxy structural analog of l-arginine , is an important nonprotein amino acid of many leguminous plants with nitrogen storage a major proported role . l- [ guanidinooxy- ( 14 ) c ] canavanine , [ ( 14 ) c ] urea , and [ ( 15 ) n ] urea were injected separately into the fleshy , green cotyledon... | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
93,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0006825",
"name": "canavanine",
"pos": [
207,
217
]
} |
[ ( 15 ) n ] urea supplied to the developing coytledons leads to rapid ( 15 ) n incorporation into the amino nitrogen of glutamic acid and/or glutamine ( 28 % ( 15 ) n abundance after 3 hours ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
121,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
142,
151
]
} |
subsequent activation of proteinases with triton x-100 and resultant digestion of gelatin proved to be very reproducible and afforded detection and good quantification of various proteinase zones . | NA | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "proteinases",
"pos": [
25,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0030946",
"name": "proteinase",
"pos": [
179,
189
]
} |
proteinase inhibitor synthesis in tomato leaves : induction by chitosan oligomers and chemically modified chitosan and chitin . | NA | {
"id": "C0162969",
"name": "chitosan",
"pos": [
63,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0008141",
"name": "chitin",
"pos": [
119,
125
]
} |
soluble chemical derivatives of chitin and chitosan including ethylene glycol chitin , nitrous acid-modified chitosan , glycol chitosan , and chitosan oligomers , produced from chitosan by limited hydrolysis with hcl , were found to possess proteinase inhibitor inducing activities when supplied to young excised tomato ... | NA | {
"id": "C0008141",
"name": "chitin",
"pos": [
32,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0162969",
"name": "chitosan",
"pos": [
177,
185
]
} |
ligand of native complex contained 37 , 28 , and 9 residue per cent of glutamic acid-glutamine , cysteine , and glycine , respectively , and low aromatic residue , serine and lysine content . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
71,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
85,
94
]
} |
the maize lines , illinois high oil , illinois low oil , and their f ( 1 ) generation contained about 18 % , 0.5 % , and 10 % , respectively , of kernel lipids , which were present mostly in the scutella . | NA | {
"id": "C0028908",
"name": "oil",
"pos": [
32,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
153,
159
]
} |
it is found that glucose was preferentially taken up by the protoplasts over sucrose and other hexoses . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
17,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexoses",
"pos": [
95,
102
]
} |
the same galactolipids were identified as the only receptors for soybean agglutinin by direct binding of the ( 125 ) i-labeled lectin to a thin layer chromatogram of the glycolipids of wheat leaf protoplasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0060960",
"name": "galactolipids",
"pos": [
9,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0017950",
"name": "glycolipids",
"pos": [
170,
181
]
} |
a nonhydrolyzable gtp analogue , guanylyl imidodiphosphate , produces a scattering signal that does not return to the preactinic baseline . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
18,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "guanylyl imidodiphosphate",
"pos": [
33,
58
]
} |
semiempirical equations are developed that represent the behavior of dilute solutions of nacl in water ( steam ) in the range 723-823 k where ion pairing is extensive . | NA | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
97,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0038225",
"name": "steam",
"pos": [
105,
110
]
} |
finally , because the structure of crambin has been determined in an organic solvent medium , it provides a protein standard for examination of the effect of solvent dipole moment on the circular dichroism spectra of proteins , which may be important for interpretation of data for membrane proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
217,
225
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
282,
299
]
} |
the encapsidated host rna was found to be composed of discrete-sized species derived from a large portion of the chloroplast genome except that very little , if any , ribosomal rna is present . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
22,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal rna",
"pos": [
167,
180
]
} |
to study the mechanism of light-dependent proton translocation by bacteriorhodopsin , we have introduced single-codon changes in the gene so as to produce the following specific amino acid substitutions in the protein : tyr-185 to phe , pro-186 to leu , trp-189 to phe , ser-193 to ala , and glu-194 to gln . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
292,
295
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "gln",
"pos": [
303,
306
]
} |
phage varphix174 a ( * ) protein cleaves single-stranded dna and then binds to the 5'-phosphorylated terminus of the cleaved dna fragment , forming a covalent protein-dna complex . | NA | {
"id": "C0012935",
"name": "single-stranded dna",
"pos": [
41,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
167,
170
]
} |
ring glands or brain-ring gland complexes from third-instar drosophila melanogaster larvae secreted ecdysone [ ( 22r ) -2beta,3beta,14alpha,22,25-pentahydroxy-5beta-cholest-7-en-6-one ] and two less polar ecdysteroids ( lp1 and lp2 ) in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0013494",
"name": "ecdysone",
"pos": [
100,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0058915",
"name": "ecdysteroids",
"pos": [
205,
217
]
} |
structural genes of dinitrogenase and dinitrogenase reductase are transcribed from two separate promoters in the broad host range cowpea rhizobium strain irc78 . | NA | {
"id": "C0028174",
"name": "dinitrogenase",
"pos": [
20,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0085544",
"name": "dinitrogenase reductase",
"pos": [
38,
61
]
} |
in contrast to fast-growing rhizobia , the structural genes of dinitrogenase ( nifdk ) are transcribed from a different promoter than the structural gene of dinitrogenase reductase ( nifh ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028174",
"name": "dinitrogenase",
"pos": [
63,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0085544",
"name": "dinitrogenase",
"pos": [
157,
170
]
} |
in the presence of dmpc , thermal denaturation could be measured for apo a-i above 70-75 `` '' c and for apo a-i1 and apo c above about 45 oc . in general , the denaturations were biphasic reactions for all apolipoproteins tested , with only a third , minor intermediate phase for apo a-i/dmpc denaturation . the two maj... | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotei",
"pos": [
207,
220
]
} | {
"id": "C0003601",
"name": "apoprotei",
"pos": [
557,
566
]
} |
in the presence of dmpc , thermal denaturation could be measured for apo a-i above 70-75 `` '' c and for apo a-i1 and apo c above about 45 oc . in general , the denaturations were biphasic reactions for all apolipoproteins tested , with only a third , minor intermediate phase for apo a-i/dmpc denaturation . the two maj... | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotei",
"pos": [
207,
220
]
} | {
"id": "C0003592",
"name": "apo",
"pos": [
69,
72
]
} |
in the presence of dmpc , thermal denaturation could be measured for apo a-i above 70-75 `` '' c and for apo a-i1 and apo c above about 45 oc . in general , the denaturations were biphasic reactions for all apolipoproteins tested , with only a third , minor intermediate phase for apo a-i/dmpc denaturation . the two maj... | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotei",
"pos": [
207,
220
]
} | {
"id": "C0003594",
"name": "apo",
"pos": [
69,
72
]
} |
in the presence of dmpc , thermal denaturation could be measured for apo a-i above 70-75 `` '' c and for apo a-i1 and apo c above about 45 oc . in general , the denaturations were biphasic reactions for all apolipoproteins tested , with only a third , minor intermediate phase for apo a-i/dmpc denaturation . the two maj... | NA | {
"id": "C0085201",
"name": "apo a-",
"pos": [
69,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0003592",
"name": "apo",
"pos": [
69,
72
]
} |
the va n't hoff enthalpies are 16.8 +/- 0.6 kcal/mol of apo a-i1 ( t < 70 `` '' c ) ,86 +/- 2 kcal/mol of apo a-i1 ( t > 70 `` '' c ) , and 22.3 +/- 0.8 kcal/mol of apo c . | NA | {
"id": "C0003592",
"name": "apo a",
"pos": [
56,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0085202",
"name": "",
"pos": [
172,
173
]
} |
the cholesterol molecules in hdl ( 2 ) , and hdl ( 3 ) were replaced with [ 4- ( 13 ) c ] cholesterol by either particle reconstitution or exchange from celite . | NA | {
"id": "C0023822",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
4,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
90,
101
]
} |
two well-defined resonances from [ 4- ( 13 ) c ] cholesterol molecules in hdl ( 2 ) and hdl ( 3 ) were observed at chemical shifts ( delta ) of 41.70 and 42.20 ppm , indicating that cholesterol molecules are present in two distinct environments . | NA | {
"id": "C0023822",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
49,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
182,
193
]
} |
the chemical shifts and relaxation enhancements induced by the addition of paramagnetic ions to the aqueous phase indicate that the surface cholesterol molecules in hdl ( 2 ) , and hdl ( 3 ) are exposed to the water and that the 4- ( 13 ) c atom of cholesterol is located in the region of the phospholipid acylcarboxyl g... | NA | {
"id": "C0023822",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
140,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
249,
260
]
} |
over 18 months of observation , phenobarbital was completely withdrawn from 19 patients , primidone from four , ethosuximide from one and phensuximide from one . | NA | {
"id": "C0031412",
"name": "phenobarbital",
"pos": [
32,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0033148",
"name": "primidone",
"pos": [
90,
99
]
} |
the type of headache and factors that can precipitate it may then be explained , and the patient should be advised to take only simple analgesics for pain , as soon as he recognizes the first symptom of headache . | NA | {
"id": "C0030193",
"name": "pain",
"pos": [
150,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0018681",
"name": "headache",
"pos": [
203,
211
]
} |
he can also benefit from educational material , and be taught relaxation techniques to ease headache pain . | NA | {
"id": "C0018681",
"name": "headache",
"pos": [
92,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0030193",
"name": "pain",
"pos": [
101,
105
]
} |
respiratory infections were most common in both children and adults , and ampicillin/amoxicillin was the most frequently used agent . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
74,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
85,
96
]
} |
however , these factors alone did not account for the marked increase in the detection rate of jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia . | NA | {
"id": "C0022346",
"name": "jaundice",
"pos": [
95,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0020433",
"name": "hyperbilirubinemia",
"pos": [
108,
126
]
} |
the principal fatty acids present whenarthrobacter globiformis is grown on a glycine medium free of normal fatty acids were found to be the c15 and c16 anteiso fatty acids ; | NA | {
"id": "C0015688",
"name": "free",
"pos": [
92,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acids",
"pos": [
160,
171
]
} |
however lithium clearance was significantly raised in both groups with lithium carbonate and with lithium chloride treated rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0023870",
"name": "lithium",
"pos": [
8,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0085217",
"name": "lithium carbonate",
"pos": [
71,
88
]
} |
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