query stringclasses 190 values | positive listlengths 1 5 | negative listlengths 4 4 | system stringlengths 69 2.19k |
|---|---|---|---|
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Environnmental Health Perspectives Supplements Vol. 101 (Suppl. 3): 341-344 (1993)
Peculiarities of Carcinogenesis under Simultaneous Oral Administration of
Benzo(a)Pyrene and o-Cresol in Mice
by N. Ya.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'A modifying influence of ortho-cresol (o-cresol) on the carcinogenic effect of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) with combined oral administration to CC57Br mice had been found.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'? | [
"rats (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rat (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rattus norvegicus (rats (rattus norvegicus))",
"norway rat (rattus norvegicus)",
"brown rat (rattus norvegicus)"
] | [
"rats (rattus) (rattus)",
"rat (rattus) (rattus)",
"house rat (rattus rattus)",
"mus rattus (rattus rattus)"
] | Given the context 'The maximal enhancing effect was observed after BaP (2.5 mg) and NO2 (0.87 mg/m3) were exposed to rat respiratory tract.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Phenol at 1 mg orally to CC57Br mice enhanced the BaP (1 mg) effect, but no effect was seen at 0.02 mg.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'This report presents the results of combined oral administration of BaP and artho-cresol (o-cresol) in mice,
'Ukrainian State Medical Center for Environmental Health, Kiev, Ukraine.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Materials and Methods
The experiment was conducted on CC57Br female mice weighing 12-14 g. Animals were divided in 15 groups.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'One hundred percent of the mice that received 5 mg of BaP alone had tumors.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Shortening of the time to appearance of malignant tumors was also observed: the mice with forestomach cancer died between 23 and 26.2 weeks after the beginning of experiment, but the controls survived to 58.5 weeks.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Muliple small metastases in the lungs and mediastinum were found in 42.8% of mice, which signifies a high degree of malignancy.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Besides the quantitative aspects, other peculiarities of carcinogenesis in mice simultaneously administered BaP and o-cresol should be noted.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Many mice were emaciated, and the tumors could be
Table 1.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Theatmenta
No. of mice Stage 1 Stage 2
Groups of in each No. of No. of
animals group Substances Dose, mg applications Substances Dose, mg applications
1 55 BaP, o-cresol 5 +10 10 - - 2 45 BaP 5 10 - - 3 40 TEG la 10 - - 4 45 TEG, o-cresol 1b + 10 10 - - 5 30 BaP, o-cresol 1+1 20 - - 6 30 BaP, o-cresol 1 + 0.02 20 - - 7 30 o-Cresol 1 20 BaP 1 20 8 30 BaP 1 20 o-Cresol 1 20 9 30 BaP 1 20 - 10 30 - - - BaP 1 20 11 30 o-Cresol 1 20 - 12 30 - - - o-Cresol 1 20 13 30 o-Cresol + TEG 1+2' 20 - 14 30 o-Cresol + TEG 0.02 +2b 20
15 30 TEG 2b 20 - - Abbreviations: BaP, benzo[a]pyrene; TEG, triethylene glycol.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Occurrence of forestomach tumors in CC57Br mice after combined oral administration of BaP and o-cresol.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Multiple papillomas occurred (9-15 in each mouse).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'In mice simultaneously administered BaP and o-cresol, the proliferative alterations of forestomach epithelium were seen after the third dose.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'There were fewer papillomas per mouse (four to eight in each mouse) than in the control group.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'There were fewer papillomas per mouse (four to eight in each mouse) than in the control group.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Only 4 out of 29 mice (13.8%) developed malignant tumors.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'syrian golden hamsters'? | [
"syrian golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus)",
"golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus)",
"syrian hamsters (mesocricetus auratus)",
"syrian golden hamster (mesocricetus auratus)",
"golden hamster (mesocricetus auratus)"
] | [
"chinese hamsters (cricetulus griseus)",
"turkish hamster (mesocricetus brandti)",
"chinese hamster (cricetulus griseus)",
"common hamster (cricetus cricetus)"
] | Given the context 'Kaufman, D. C., and Madison, R. M. Synergistic effects of
benzo(a)pyrene and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea respirators carcinogenesis in Syrian golden hamsters.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'man'? | [
"human (homo sapiens)",
"homo sapiens (human)"
] | [
"humans (homo)",
"homo (humans)",
"kingdom",
"genus"
] | Given the context 'Pfeiffer, E. H. Investigations of the carcinogenic burden by air
pollution in man.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'? | [
"rats (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rattus norvegicus (rats (rattus norvegicus))",
"rat (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"norway rat (rattus norvegicus)",
"brown rat (rattus norvegicus)"
] | [
"rats (rattus) (rattus)",
"rat (rattus) (rattus)",
"house rat (rattus rattus)",
"rattus (rats (rattus))"
] | Given the context 'Komine, T. Influences of sulfur dioxide and 3,4-benzpyrene on the
respiratory organ of rats.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'tobacco'? | [
"tobacco (nicotiana tabacum)",
"common tobacco (nicotiana tabacum)",
"american tobacco (nicotiana tabacum)",
"nicotiana tabacum (american tobacco)"
] | [
"nicotiana sylvestris (wood tobacco)",
"tree tobacco (nicotiana glauca)",
"nicotiana",
"nicotiana acuminata (acuminate tobacco)"
] | Given the context 'Van Duuren, B. L., Katz, C., and Goldschmidt, B. M. Brief communica
tion: cocarcinogenic agents in tobacco carcinogenesis.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'tobacco'? | [
"tobacco (nicotiana tabacum)",
"common tobacco (nicotiana tabacum)",
"american tobacco (nicotiana tabacum)",
"nicotiana tabacum (american tobacco)"
] | [
"nicotiana sylvestris (wood tobacco)",
"tree tobacco (nicotiana glauca)",
"nicotiana",
"nicotiana acuminata (acuminate tobacco)"
] | Given the context 'Van Duuren, B. L., and Goldschmidt, B. M. Cocarcinogenic and
tumor-promoting agents in tobacco carcinogenesis.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'man'? | [
"human (homo sapiens)",
"homo sapiens (human)"
] | [
"humans (homo)",
"homo (humans)",
"kingdom",
"genus"
] | Given the context 'In: Carcinogenic Sub
stances in the Environment of Man (L. M. Shabad and A. P. Ilnitsky, Eds.), Budapest, 1979, pp. 111-113.
28.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'? | [
"human (homo sapiens)",
"homo sapiens (human)"
] | [
"humans (homo)",
"homo (humans)",
"kingdom",
"genus"
] | Given the context 'In: Methods for Estimating Risk of Chemical Injury: Human and Non-human Biota and Ecosystems (V. B. Vouk, G. C. Butler, D. G. Hoel, and D. B. Peakall, Eds.), SCOPE, 1985, pp. 155-180.
35.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'? | [
"human (homo sapiens)",
"homo sapiens (human)"
] | [
"humans (homo)",
"homo (humans)",
"kingdom",
"genus"
] | Given the context 'In: Methods for Estimating Risk of Chemical Injury: Human and Non-human Biota and Ecosystems (V. B. Vouk, G. C. Butler, D. G. Hoel, and D. B. Peakall, Eds.), SCOPE, 1985, pp. 155-180.
35.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'Karu, T, Kirso, U. E., and Andrianov, L. A. Dynamics of resorption of
3,4-benzpyrene with phenols from mouse skin [in Russian].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'chlorobium limicola'? | [
"chlorobium limicola"
] | [
"halostella limicola",
"roseibium limicola",
"chlorobaculum limnaeum",
"haloarcula limicola (halomicroarcula limicola)"
] | Given the context 'We observed that the strictly anaerobic organism Chlorobium limicola DSM 24 has RNR_3 proteins (e.g. [Entrez:ZP_00512827]) as well as an enzyme ([Entrez:ZP_00512727]) that matches RNR_1_like, suggesting that RNR_1_like, a subfamily lacking experimental characterization, may contain non-oxygen dependent versions of RNR_1.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'Video analysis of the escape flight of Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus: does the Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis persist in continental North America?
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'dryocopus pileatus'? | [
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"nyctocorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"lanio pileatus (coryphospingus pileatus)",
"pilherodius pileatus (nyctocorax pileatus)"
] | Given the context 'Video analysis of the escape flight of Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus: does the Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis persist in continental North America?
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Video analysis of the escape flight of Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus: does the Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis persist in continental North America?
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'campephilus principalis'? | [
"campephilus principalis (campephilus principalis principalis)",
"campephilus principalis principalis (campephilus principalis)",
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)",
"picus principalis (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"poecilobothrus principalis",
"eleutherodactylus principalis",
"xyleborus principalis",
"aphodius principalis (calocolobopterus principalis)"
] | Given the context 'Video analysis of the escape flight of Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus: does the Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis persist in continental North America?
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Abstract
Background
The apparent rediscovery of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis in Arkansas, USA, previously feared extinct, was supported by video evidence of a single bird in flight (Fitzpatrick et al, Science 2005, 308:1460–1462).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'campephilus principalis'? | [
"campephilus principalis (campephilus principalis principalis)",
"campephilus principalis principalis (campephilus principalis)",
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)",
"picus principalis (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"poecilobothrus principalis",
"eleutherodactylus principalis",
"xyleborus principalis",
"aphodius principalis (calocolobopterus principalis)"
] | Given the context 'Abstract
Background
The apparent rediscovery of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis in Arkansas, USA, previously feared extinct, was supported by video evidence of a single bird in flight (Fitzpatrick et al, Science 2005, 308:1460–1462).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Plumage patterns and wingbeat frequency of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker were said to be incompatible with the only possible confusion species native to the area, the Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'Plumage patterns and wingbeat frequency of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker were said to be incompatible with the only possible confusion species native to the area, the Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'dryocopus pileatus'? | [
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"nyctocorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"lanio pileatus (coryphospingus pileatus)",
"pilherodius pileatus (nyctocorax pileatus)"
] | Given the context 'Plumage patterns and wingbeat frequency of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker were said to be incompatible with the only possible confusion species native to the area, the Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'Results
New video analysis of Pileated Woodpeckers in escape flights comparable to that of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker filmed in Arkansas shows that Pileated Woodpeckers can display a wingbeat frequency equivalent to that of the Arkansas bird during escape flight.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Results
New video analysis of Pileated Woodpeckers in escape flights comparable to that of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker filmed in Arkansas shows that Pileated Woodpeckers can display a wingbeat frequency equivalent to that of the Arkansas bird during escape flight.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'Results
New video analysis of Pileated Woodpeckers in escape flights comparable to that of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker filmed in Arkansas shows that Pileated Woodpeckers can display a wingbeat frequency equivalent to that of the Arkansas bird during escape flight.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'The critical frames from the Arkansas video that were used to identify the bird as an Ivory-billed Woodpecker are shown to be equally, or more, compatible with the Pileated Woodpecker.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'The critical frames from the Arkansas video that were used to identify the bird as an Ivory-billed Woodpecker are shown to be equally, or more, compatible with the Pileated Woodpecker.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Conclusion
The identification of the bird filmed in Arkansas in April 2004 as an Ivory-billed Woodpecker is best regarded as unsafe.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'The similarities between the Arkansas bird and known Pileated Woodpeckers suggest that it was most likely a Pileated Woodpecker.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'The similarities between the Arkansas bird and known Pileated Woodpeckers suggest that it was most likely a Pileated Woodpecker.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Background
The reported rediscovery of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker in 2004–5 in the Big Woods of Arkansas gave new impetus to efforts to conserve the mature bottomland woodlands of the south-eastern USA.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Crucial to the scientific case for the persistence of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker was a 4 s video of a large woodpecker in flight recorded by M.D. Luneau on 25 April 2004 (henceforth referred to as the 'Luneau video') and published in 2005', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context '[1], which was claimed to be inconsistent with the plumage patterns of the superficially similar Pileated Woodpecker (a common resident bird of the area).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'The upperwing of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker is black, with white secondary feathers and white on some inner primary feathers.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'Pileated Woodpeckers have a largely black upperwing, with white restricted to the 'wrist' due to white bases to the primary feathers.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'The underwing of Pileated Woodpecker has all-white underwing coverts, giving an appearance of a white underwing with a broad black outline (the black flight feathers).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'These plumage differences result in the Ivory-billed Woodpecker having a white trailing edge to the wings (upper and lower sides), whereas the Pileated Woodpecker has a black trailing edge to the wings.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'These plumage differences result in the Ivory-billed Woodpecker having a white trailing edge to the wings (upper and lower sides), whereas the Pileated Woodpecker has a black trailing edge to the wings.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'The wingbeat frequency of the bird in the Luneau video was measured at 8.6 beats s-1, similar to that inferred from archival sound recording of a single Ivory-billed Woodpecker, but claimed to be outside the range of Pileated Woodpeckers (which generally have slower wingbeats)', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'The wingbeat frequency of the bird in the Luneau video was measured at 8.6 beats s-1, similar to that inferred from archival sound recording of a single Ivory-billed Woodpecker, but claimed to be outside the range of Pileated Woodpeckers (which generally have slower wingbeats)', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'They pointed out individual frames of the Luneau video that appear to show three features that are each inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker: (1) apparently black secondary feathers on the upper surface of the left wing, (2) particularly bright white primary bases, and (3) a black band curving smoothly round the wing tip (see Figure 3 in [4]).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'They hypothesized that flexing of a Pileated Woodpecker's wings during flight could produce the appearance of white trailing edges on both wings in low-quality videos [4].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'They offered, however, no direct evidence to show that this could cause a video of a Pileated Woodpecker to look like the bird in the Luneau video.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context '[4], publishing video stills of Pileated Woodpeckers, and a model of a Pileated Woodpecker, that appeared to show a black trailing edge to the wings inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker and the Luneau video.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context '[4], publishing video stills of Pileated Woodpeckers, and a model of a Pileated Woodpecker, that appeared to show a black trailing edge to the wings inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker and the Luneau video.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context '[4], publishing video stills of Pileated Woodpeckers, and a model of a Pileated Woodpecker, that appeared to show a black trailing edge to the wings inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker and the Luneau video.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context '[4], some of the frames of the bird in the Luneau video do appear to be inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'On the other hand, the flight pattern of the bird in the Luneau video is asserted to be atypical for Pileated Woodpecker (but matching anecdotal descriptions of Ivory-billed Woodpecker).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'On the other hand, the flight pattern of the bird in the Luneau video is asserted to be atypical for Pileated Woodpecker (but matching anecdotal descriptions of Ivory-billed Woodpecker).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'Furthermore, the general impression of the bird in the Luneau video was that there is far too much white in the wings for it to be a Pileated Woodpecker, and that if it was a Pileated, then it must be an aberrant one with abnormally extensive white plumage.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'This study was undertaken to determine whether the flight and plumage of the bird in the Luneau video really was inconsistent with either a normal or partial albino Pileated Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'Independent analyses of the plumage patterns and wingbeat frequencies observable in Pileated Woodpeckers are presented, and it is concluded that the identification of the bird in the Luneau video as definite Ivory-billed Woodpecker is probably unsafe.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Independent analyses of the plumage patterns and wingbeat frequencies observable in Pileated Woodpeckers are presented, and it is concluded that the identification of the bird in the Luneau video as definite Ivory-billed Woodpecker is probably unsafe.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'Results
On January 28 and February 5, 2006, David Nolin (DN) video-recorded Pileated Woodpeckers Dryocopus pileatus at a bird-feeder in Dayton, Ohio, USA.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'dryocopus pileatus'? | [
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"nyctocorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"lanio pileatus (coryphospingus pileatus)",
"pilherodius pileatus (nyctocorax pileatus)"
] | Given the context 'Results
On January 28 and February 5, 2006, David Nolin (DN) video-recorded Pileated Woodpeckers Dryocopus pileatus at a bird-feeder in Dayton, Ohio, USA.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'Four escape flights were captured that approximate to that recorded for the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis by Luneau in April 2004 and published in Fitzpatrick et al', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'campephilus principalis'? | [
"campephilus principalis (campephilus principalis principalis)",
"campephilus principalis principalis (campephilus principalis)",
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)",
"picus principalis (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"poecilobothrus principalis",
"eleutherodactylus principalis",
"xyleborus principalis",
"aphodius principalis (calocolobopterus principalis)"
] | Given the context 'Four escape flights were captured that approximate to that recorded for the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker Campephilus principalis by Luneau in April 2004 and published in Fitzpatrick et al', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'The videos are not directly equivalent because the Pileated Woodpeckers made only short escape flights to nearby trees, whereas the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker in the Luneau video showed little sign of coming to rest before being lost from view.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'The videos are not directly equivalent because the Pileated Woodpeckers made only short escape flights to nearby trees, whereas the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker in the Luneau video showed little sign of coming to rest before being lost from view.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'Wingbeat frequency of Pileated Woodpecker
The woodpecker in the Luneau video maintains a steady rapid wingbeat rate of 8.6 beats s-1 for at least 8 wingbeats [1], a figure that was confirmed by independent analysis during preparation of this paper.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'The Pileated woodpeckers in DN's video do not do this – after initial rapid flapping immediately after take-off, they settle into a more relaxed level flight.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'As shown in Tables 1 and 2, although the mean wingbeat frequencies of the Pileated Woodpeckers in DN's video are slower than the 8.6 s-1 recorded for the bird in the Luneau video [1,3,5] the first four wingbeats, the initial escape response, are faster than those claimed for Pileated Woodpeckers in the literature [1,3,5].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'As shown in Tables 1 and 2, although the mean wingbeat frequencies of the Pileated Woodpeckers in DN's video are slower than the 8.6 s-1 recorded for the bird in the Luneau video [1,3,5] the first four wingbeats, the initial escape response, are faster than those claimed for Pileated Woodpeckers in the literature [1,3,5].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'The 8.6 beats s-1 of the bird identified in the Luneau video, while consistent with the limited data (n = 1; see Discussion) for Ivory-billed Woodpecker, is equally consistent with Pileated Woodpecker in its initial escape flight.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'The 8.6 beats s-1 of the bird identified in the Luneau video, while consistent with the limited data (n = 1; see Discussion) for Ivory-billed Woodpecker, is equally consistent with Pileated Woodpecker in its initial escape flight.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'The bird in the Luneau video maintains a frequency of 8.6 s-1 for the next four wingbeats too, whereas the Pileated Woodpeckers recorded here all slowed their flight as they prepared to land in nearby trees.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'There are no data to suggest whether Pileated Woodpeckers can maintain a wingbeat frequency approaching 8.6 s-1 for eight or more wingbeats, like the bird in the Luneau video.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'It remains possible that the flight pattern of the bird in the Luneau video is unusual for Pileated Woodpecker, but a frequency of 8.6 s-1 is consistent with a Pileated Woodpecker gaining initial speed and height in escape flight, and by itself cannot be taken as strong evidence that the Luneau video bird was an Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'It remains possible that the flight pattern of the bird in the Luneau video is unusual for Pileated Woodpecker, but a frequency of 8.6 s-1 is consistent with a Pileated Woodpecker gaining initial speed and height in escape flight, and by itself cannot be taken as strong evidence that the Luneau video bird was an Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'It remains possible that the flight pattern of the bird in the Luneau video is unusual for Pileated Woodpecker, but a frequency of 8.6 s-1 is consistent with a Pileated Woodpecker gaining initial speed and height in escape flight, and by itself cannot be taken as strong evidence that the Luneau video bird was an Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'Plumage pattern of Pileated Woodpeckers in flight
The video of Pileated Woodpeckers in flight was obtained in avi format, decompiled and examined frame by frame.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'Plumage pattern of Pileated Woodpeckers in flight
The video of Pileated Woodpeckers in flight was obtained in avi format, decompiled and examined frame by frame.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'Comparisons of Pileated Woodpecker images with key images of Luneau video are shown in Figures 1 and 2, and suggest a genuine resemblance between the bird in the Luneau video and a Pileated Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'Comparisons of Pileated Woodpecker images with key images of Luneau video are shown in Figures 1 and 2, and suggest a genuine resemblance between the bird in the Luneau video and a Pileated Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'The images of the birds are not identical, but in every frame of the 36 frames available, there are sufficient similarities to suggest that the bird in the Luneau video is consistent with the known Pileated Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'Pileated Woodpeckers flying near-horizontally away from the observer show much more white in poor-quality video than would be expected from their general plumage pattern.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'The expected appearance of the upperwing of Pileated Woodpecker – mostly black with a small white patch at the base of the primaries – is often not seen, and is only clearly resolvable when birds are flying near-vertically before landing on a tree trunk; something the bird in the Luneau video did not do.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'The black trailing edge to the underwing of Pileated Woodpecker is often very inconspicuous and may disappear completely.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'In many frames of Pileated Woodpecker, a black trailing edge to the wing is discernable (though due to bleeding of white as a video artifact, it appears narrower than it really is).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpeckers'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"woodpeckers (picidae)",
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"pilumnidae",
"picidae (woodpeckers)"
] | Given the context 'However, analysis of the bird in the Luneau video in light of images of known Pileated Woodpeckers confirms that a similar black trailing edge to the wing is discernable in some frames of the Luneau video (compare Figure 1B, frame 775 with Figure 1A, frame 366.7: the apparent plumage patterns are similar, and inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context 'However, analysis of the bird in the Luneau video in light of images of known Pileated Woodpeckers confirms that a similar black trailing edge to the wing is discernable in some frames of the Luneau video (compare Figure 1B, frame 775 with Figure 1A, frame 366.7: the apparent plumage patterns are similar, and inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context '[4] is correct, and that the black trailing edge of the underwing of Pileated Woodpecker can indeed, due to flexion of the wings during the downstroke, be misinterpreted as the black leading edge and wingtips of the upperwing of an Ivory-billed Woodpecker.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context '[4] is correct, and that the black trailing edge of the underwing of Pileated Woodpecker can indeed, due to flexion of the wings during the downstroke, be misinterpreted as the black leading edge and wingtips of the upperwing of an Ivory-billed Woodpecker.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pileated woodpecker'? | [
"pileated woodpecker (dryocopus pileatus)",
"dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker)",
"picus pileatus (dryocopus pileatus)"
] | [
"nycticorax pileatus (pilherodius pileatus)",
"artabotrys pilosus",
"cycloderes pilosus",
"graphidipus pilifera"
] | Given the context 'Figure 3 shows that the plumage patterns shown by the Luneau bird, throughout several wingbeat cycles, are compatible with Pileated Woodpecker.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'ivory-billed woodpecker'? | [
"ivory-billed woodpecker (campephilus principalis)"
] | [
"black woodpecker (dryocopus martius)",
"red-headed woodpecker (melanerpes erythrocephalus)",
"little woodpecker (veniliornis passerinus)",
"white-browed woodpecker (piculus aurulentus)"
] | Given the context '[4] that are incompatible with Ivory-billed Woodpecker (black secondary feathers on upper surface of left wing, brighter white primary bases, and a black band curling round the wing tip) are seen consistently in the Luneau video and are recapitulated throughout the video of Pileated Woodpecker.
', answer the user's query. |
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