instruction stringlengths 161 2.29k | input stringlengths 80 650 | response stringclasses 6 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'The samples were then washed three times in PBS, for 5 minutes each, and incubated with Alexa fluor546-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG1 antibody (Molecular Probes) in 1% bovine serum albumin/PBS for 60 minutes at room temperature.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
B: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
C: domestic cattle (aka bos taurus)
D: bos sp.
E: boveria
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The samples were stained with anti-CD68 mAb (PGM1; Immunotech) or mouse IgG3 (6A3; MBL, Nagoya, Japan) followed by labeling with Alexa fluor488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG3 antibody (Molecular Probes).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: peromyscus
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The samples were stained with anti-CD68 mAb (PGM1; Immunotech) or mouse IgG3 (6A3; MBL, Nagoya, Japan) followed by labeling with Alexa fluor488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG3 antibody (Molecular Probes).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: capra hircus cretica (capra aegagrus cretica) (aka capra hircus cretica)
B: capra
C: goats (aka capra hircus)
D: sueus
E: bovidae
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The samples were stained with anti-CD68 mAb (PGM1; Immunotech) or mouse IgG3 (6A3; MBL, Nagoya, Japan) followed by labeling with Alexa fluor488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG3 antibody (Molecular Probes).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
D: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Induction of osteoclasts from CD16- peripheral blood monocytes
To identify the monocyte subset that differentiates into osteoclasts, we examined osteoclast formation from CD16+ and CD16- human peripheral blood monocytes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: macrobiotus sapiens
B: biota (aka cellular organisms)
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: avian (aka aves)
E: primate (aka primates)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We therefore examined the involvement of αvβ3 in RANKL + M-CSF-induced osteoclastogenesis in human CD16- monocytes using siRNA targeting the integrin-β3 subunit.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: mammals (aka mammalia)
C: genus
D: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Interestingly, integrin-β3 knockdown did not alter the NFATc1 mRNA level (Figure 7), suggesting that signal transduction mediated by integrin β3 does not affect the expression of NFATc1.
Detection of CD16+ and CD16- macrophages in synovium of RA patients
RA synovial macrophages are derived from peripheral blood monocytes, and their recruitment into the synovium is facilitated by various adhesion molecules and chemokines [24].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: this
D: cancer
E: goes
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
Human peripheral blood monocytes are a heterogeneous population, and they are divided into two subsets based on the expression of CD16.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: kingdom
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: primate (aka primates)
D: suborder
E: probles
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It was recently reported that bone marrow macrophages of integrin-β3-deficient mice could not differentiate into mature osteoclasts in vitro, suggesting that αvβ3 is involved not only in activation, but also in differentiation, of osteoclasts in mice [26,27].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It was recently reported that bone marrow macrophages of integrin-β3-deficient mice could not differentiate into mature osteoclasts in vitro, suggesting that αvβ3 is involved not only in activation, but also in differentiation, of osteoclasts in mice [26,27].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
B: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: peromyscus
E: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It was recently reported that bone marrow macrophages of integrin-β3-deficient mice could not differentiate into mature osteoclasts in vitro, suggesting that αvβ3 is involved not only in activation, but also in differentiation, of osteoclasts in mice [26,27].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, it was reported that echistatin, an αvβ3 antagonist, inhibited osteoclast formation of mouse bone marrow cells [30].
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
D: peromyscus
E: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In accordance with these reports, our data showed that knockdown of integrin-β3 expression resulted in downregulation of the αvβ3 heterodimer, and abrogated osteoclastogenesis from human peripheral blood CD16- monocytes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: mammals (aka mammalia)
C: biota (aka cellular organisms)
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: probles
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Indeed, integrin αvβ3 antagonists effectively treated osteoporosis in mice, rats and humans, and protected bone destruction in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis in vivo [31-34].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: peromyscus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Indeed, integrin αvβ3 antagonists effectively treated osteoporosis in mice, rats and humans, and protected bone destruction in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis in vivo [31-34].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
B: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
C: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
D: rattus norvegicus albus
E: roof rat (aka rattus rattus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Indeed, integrin αvβ3 antagonists effectively treated osteoporosis in mice, rats and humans, and protected bone destruction in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis in vivo [31-34].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'humans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: neandertal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
C: genus
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: macrobiotus sapiens
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of note, it is reported that patients with Iraqi-Jewish-type Glanzmann thrombasthenia who are deficient in integrin β3 do not develop osteopetrosis because of the upregulation of α2β1 expression on osteoclasts, although the bone-resorptive ability of the osteoclasts was decreased in vitro [35].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: this
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We also assessed osteoclastogenesis from the two monocyte subsets using IgG-depleted bovine serum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
B: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
C: boveria
D: bovidae
E: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In mice, peripheral blood Ly-6Chigh monocytes, which are thought to correspond to human CD16- monocytes, increase in inflammatory conditions, and these cells are recruited into sites of inflammation [45].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
B: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: peromyscus
D: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
E: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In mice, peripheral blood Ly-6Chigh monocytes, which are thought to correspond to human CD16- monocytes, increase in inflammatory conditions, and these cells are recruited into sites of inflammation [45].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
B: macrobiotus sapiens
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: mammals (aka mammalia)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In mice, peripheral blood Ly-6Chigh monocytes, which are thought to correspond to human CD16- monocytes, increase in inflammatory conditions, and these cells are recruited into sites of inflammation [45].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: animals (aka metazoa)
B: suborder
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: this
E: mammals (aka mammalia)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, Ly-6Clow monocytes, which are thought to correspond to human CD16+, migrate into noninflamed tissues [12].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: humans (aka homo)
B: genus
C: primate (aka primates)
D: probles
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data on mouse monocytes seem to be in contrast to the data on human monocytes, which show expansion of CD16+ monocytes in inflammatory conditions where they produce larger amounts of inflammatory cytokines.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data on mouse monocytes seem to be in contrast to the data on human monocytes, which show expansion of CD16+ monocytes in inflammatory conditions where they produce larger amounts of inflammatory cytokines.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: macrobiotus sapiens
B: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: probles
E: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'At present, it is not clear whether mouse monocyte subsets, Ly-6Clow/Ly-6Chigh, represent human monocyte subsets, CD16+/CD16- monocytes, and whether the biologic functions of mouse monocytes are analogous to those of human monocytes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
C: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'At present, it is not clear whether mouse monocyte subsets, Ly-6Clow/Ly-6Chigh, represent human monocyte subsets, CD16+/CD16- monocytes, and whether the biologic functions of mouse monocytes are analogous to those of human monocytes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: this
D: species
E: primate (aka primates)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'At present, it is not clear whether mouse monocyte subsets, Ly-6Clow/Ly-6Chigh, represent human monocyte subsets, CD16+/CD16- monocytes, and whether the biologic functions of mouse monocytes are analogous to those of human monocytes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'At present, it is not clear whether mouse monocyte subsets, Ly-6Clow/Ly-6Chigh, represent human monocyte subsets, CD16+/CD16- monocytes, and whether the biologic functions of mouse monocytes are analogous to those of human monocytes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: mammals (aka mammalia)
C: humans (aka homo)
D: genus
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In mice, blood monocytes newly released from the bone marrow are exclusively Ly-6Chigh and the level of Ly-6C is downregulated while in circulation', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
E: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is thus suggested that in mice the two monocyte subsets differing in Ly-6C expression represent different stages in the maturation pathway.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: peromyscus
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the human, transition from CD16- monocytes to CD16+ monocytes is observed upon culture with IL-10, M-CSF and transforming growth factor beta in vitro [42,46].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
B: probles
C: genus
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: animals (aka metazoa)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the human, transition from CD16- monocytes to CD16+ monocytes is observed upon culture with IL-10, M-CSF and transforming growth factor beta in vitro [42,46].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
C: probles
D: kingdom
E: species
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similar to mouse monocytes, therefore, human peripheral blood CD16- monocytes may also maturate into CD16+ monocytes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
B: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
C: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
D: peromyscus
E: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similar to mouse monocytes, therefore, human peripheral blood CD16- monocytes may also maturate into CD16+ monocytes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: animals (aka metazoa)
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: mammals (aka mammalia)
D: genus
E: probles
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
We have shown that human peripheral blood monocytes consist of two functionally heterogeneous subsets with distinct response to osteoclastogenic stimuli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: avian (aka aves)
C: humans (aka homo)
D: animals (aka metazoa)
E: macrobiotus sapiens
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The blockade of accumulation and activation of CD16- monocytes could therefore be a beneficial approach as an anti-bone resorptive therapy, especially for RA.
Abbreviations
DAP = DNAX-activation protein; ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FBS = fetal bovine serum; FcRγ = Fc receptor γ chain; IL = interleukin; FITC = fluorescein isothiocianate; mAb, monoclonal antibody; M-CSF = macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MEM = modified Eagle's medium; MMP = matrix metalloproteinase; MNC = multinucleated cells; NF = nuclear factor; OSCAR = osteoclast-associated receptor; PBS = phosphate-buffered saline; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; RA = rheumatoid arthritis; RANK = receptor activator of NF-κB; RANKL = receptor activator of NF-κB ligand; RT = reverse transcriptase; siRNA = small interfering RNA; SIRP-β1 = signal regulatory protein-β1; TNFα = tumor necrosis factor alpha; TRAF = tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor; TRAP = tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; TREM = triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bovidae
B: bos taurus indicus (aka bos indicus)
C: bovine (aka bos taurus)
D: bovinae
E: boveria
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We examined whether previous admissions or secondary diagnoses for selected conditions predisposed persons to having a greater risk from air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: other (aka unidentified)
B: kingdom
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: subsection
E: this
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Persons with asthma had twice the risk of a PM(10)-associated pneumonia admission and persons with heart failure had twice the risk of PM(10)-induced COPD admissions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: subsection
B: this
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: species group
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Persons with asthma had twice the risk of a PM(10)-associated pneumonia admission and persons with heart failure had twice the risk of PM(10)-induced COPD admissions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: musculus
C: species group
D: animals (aka metazoa)
E: homo (humans) (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results suggest that patients with acute respiratory infections or defects in the electrical control of the heart are a risk group for particulate matter effects.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: cancer
C: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
D: circe
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antonella Zanobetti,1 Joel Schwartz,1,2 and Diane Gold1,2 1Environmental
Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; 2Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Recent studies have shown that particulate air pollution is a risk factor for hospitalization for heart and lung disease; however, little is known about what subpopulations are most sensitive to this pollutant.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'women'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: infraclass
B: china
C: gallus
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We examined whether previous admissions or secondary diagnoses for selected conditions predisposed persons to having a greater risk from air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: musculus
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: species group
D: species
E: genus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We examined whether previous admissions or secondary diagnoses for selected conditions predisposed persons to having a greater risk from air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: musculus
B: suborder
C: kingdom
D: species group
E: subsection
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Persons with asthma had twice the risk of a PM10-associated pneumonia admission and persons with heart failure had twice the risk of PM10-induced COPD admissions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: psyche
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: kingdom
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Persons with asthma had twice the risk of a PM10-associated pneumonia admission and persons with heart failure had twice the risk of PM10-induced COPD admissions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: family
C: this
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: psyche
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results suggest that patients with acute respiratory infections or defects in the electrical control of the heart are a risk group for particulate matter effects.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: circe
B: genus
C: other (aka unidentified)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: aides
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These associations are now well documented but little is known, as yet, of the characteristics of persons that put them at increased risk of adverse events related to particulate air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: this
B: primate (aka primates)
C: kingdom
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Schwartz and Dockery (17) reported that persons older than 65 years of age had a somewhat increased risk of death, and this has been confirmed in other studies (18).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: family
C: genus
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: musculus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition to age, several studies suggest that persons with respiratory illness are at increased risk for cardiovascular effects associated with air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: family
B: species group
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: subsection
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A recent follow-up study of a cohort of persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Barcelona, Spain, found an association between particulate air pollution and all-cause mortality in the cohort (20).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: other (aka unidentified)
B: psyche
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: this
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This has led to the hypothesis that the cardiovascular effects of air pollution are predominantly in persons with chronic lung disease.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: primate (aka primates)
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: humans (aka homo)
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study uses data from the Medicare system to examine potential short-term and long-term medical conditions that may increase a person's risk of hospital admissions associated with particulate air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'person'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: humans (aka homo)
D: primate (aka primates)
E: subsection
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Health Care Financing Administration (Baltimore, MD) maintains records of every hospital admission for Medicare participants in the United States.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'participants'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: assessor
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: this
E: species
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Health Care Financing Administration (Baltimore, MD) maintains records of every hospital admission for Medicare participants in the United States.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'participants'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: cohort
C: subsection
D: inquisitor
E: avian (aka aves)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Persons in this database have a unique identifier.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: probles
B: subsection
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: suborder
E: genus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Using this identifier, we traced every hospital admission for heart and lung disease for each person in Cook County, Illinois, between 1985 and 1994.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'person'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: kingdom
B: biota (aka cellular organisms)
C: species group
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: animals (aka metazoa)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First, we looked at whether previous admissions for selected conditions predisposed persons to having a greater risk from air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: species
C: suborder
D: biota (aka cellular organisms)
E: psyche
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To test the hypothesis that persons with these conditions had higher risks of subsequent PM10-related admissions, we computed separate daily counts of admissions for our three target causes, stratified by whether or not the person admitted had been previously admitted for the hypothesized predisposing condition.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: kingdom
C: biota (aka cellular organisms)
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To test the hypothesis that persons with these conditions had higher risks of subsequent PM10-related admissions, we computed separate daily counts of admissions for our three target causes, stratified by whether or not the person admitted had been previously admitted for the hypothesized predisposing condition.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'person'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: subsection
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: this
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, if respiratory infections modified the effect of particulate matter on the cardiovascular health of persons with underlying heart disease, then the risk of a hospital admission for heart disease might be different in persons with infections.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: probles
D: this
E: genus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, if respiratory infections modified the effect of particulate matter on the cardiovascular health of persons with underlying heart disease, then the risk of a hospital admission for heart disease might be different in persons with infections.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: probles
C: other (aka unidentified)
D: kingdom
E: musculus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'If this were true, then the risk ratio of a 10-�g/m3 increase of PM10 on cardiovascular admissions of persons with a concurrent respiratory infection would be different from the ratio in persons without respiratory infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: other (aka unidentified)
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: suborder
D: this
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'If this were true, then the risk ratio of a 10-�g/m3 increase of PM10 on cardiovascular admissions of persons with a concurrent respiratory infection would be different from the ratio in persons without respiratory infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: probles
C: this
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: subsection
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We considered effect modification to be indicated when the estimates of PM10 in the group with the condition was outside of the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the effect estimate in persons without the condition.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: probles
B: this
C: musculus
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: other (aka unidentified)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We considered effect modification to be indicated when the estimates of PM10 in the group with the condition was outside of the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the effect estimate in persons without the condition.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: animals (aka metazoa)
B: suborder
C: kingdom
D: biota (aka cellular organisms)
E: primate (aka primates)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The counts of CVD, COPD, and pneumonia admissions were similar for people 65�75 or 75 years of age and older.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'people'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: family
C: genus
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: psyche
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A 10-�g/m3 increase in PM10 was associated with a 1.31% (5% CI, 0.97%; 95% CI, 1.66%) increase in hospital admissions for heart disease in all elderly persons.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: probles
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: family
E: animals (aka metazoa)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Group Overall Female Nonwhite Age > 75 years COPD 7.8 4.2 1.6 3.7 CVD 102.1 59.4 21.0 55.1 Pneumonia 26.5 14.7 5.2 17.4
842
VOLUME
108 | NUMBER 9 | September 2000 � Environmental Health Perspectives
Articles
�
Effects of particles on sensitive subgroups
and heart disease admissions in persons without COPD listed as either a comorbidity or a cause of previous admission (Table 4).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: probles
B: suborder
C: kingdom
D: psyche
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A significant association was also seen in persons without any respiratory disease as a concurrent diagnosis, although the risk is much lower than in persons with respiratory disease.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: this
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: primate (aka primates)
D: genus
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A significant association was also seen in persons without any respiratory disease as a concurrent diagnosis, although the risk is much lower than in persons with respiratory disease.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: family
B: subsection
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: suborder
E: genus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, the risk associated with PM10 was roughly doubled in subjects with concurrent respiratory infections and the risk estimates in those subjects were outside the 95% CI of the risk in patients without concurrent respiratory infections.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: theraps
B: species
C: subsection
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: aides
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A previous admission for conduction disorders (e.g., heart block) increased the risk of a PM10-related subsequent admission for any heart condition, and a weaker indication of effect modification was seen for persons with previous admission for dysrhythmias.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: genus
C: primate (aka primates)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Percentage increase in hospital admissions for CVD in all persons and by concurrent diagnosis and previous admissions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: suborder
D: kingdom
E: this
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'PM10 2.5% CI 97.5% CI All persons 1.31 By concurrent diagnosis Respiratory disease All respiratory disease With 1.65 Without 0.98 Acute bronchitis With 2.50 Without 1.07 Acute respiratory infections With 2.71 Without 1.06 Pneumonia With 1.95 Without 1.03 COPD With 1.59 Without 1.08 By previous admissions Respiratory disease All respiratory disease With 1.18 Without 1.08 COPD With 1.48 Without 1.09 Asthma With 1.71 Without 1.08 Cardiovascular disease Conduction disorders With 2.89 Without 1.07 Cardiac dyshrethmias With 1.61 Without 1.04 0.97 1.66
the risk of COPD admissions on high particle days.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: this
B: family
C: primate (aka primates)
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As with COPD, persons with heart disease appeared at higher risk of pneumonia hospital admissions associated with particulate air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: other (aka unidentified)
B: this
C: suborder
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: animals (aka metazoa)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As with COPD, persons with heart disease appeared at higher risk of pneumonia hospital admissions associated with particulate air pollution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: this
C: genus
D: family
E: other (aka unidentified)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Persons with asthma Table 5.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: primate (aka primates)
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: homo (humans) (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Percentage increase in hospital admissions for COPD in all persons and by concurrent diagnosis and previous admissions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: suborder
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'PM10 2.5% CI 97.5% CI All persons 1.89 By concurrent diagnosis Respiratory disease Pneumonia With 4.00 Without 1.51 Cardiovascular disease Conduction disorders With 2.34 Without 1.60 Cardiac dysrhythmias With 3.09 Without 1.43 Congestive heart failure With 2.90 Without 1.39 By previous admissions Respiratory disease Acute respiratory infections With 3.20 Without 1.70 Cardiovascular disease CVD With 2.90 Without 1.18 Congestive heart failure With 4.37 Without 1.14 Within 1 year 6.04 0.80 2.99
had twice the risk of a PM10-induced pneumonia admission as persons without asthma.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: musculus
C: biota (aka cellular organisms)
D: subsection
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'PM10 2.5% CI 97.5% CI All persons 1.89 By concurrent diagnosis Respiratory disease Pneumonia With 4.00 Without 1.51 Cardiovascular disease Conduction disorders With 2.34 Without 1.60 Cardiac dysrhythmias With 3.09 Without 1.43 Congestive heart failure With 2.90 Without 1.39 By previous admissions Respiratory disease Acute respiratory infections With 3.20 Without 1.70 Cardiovascular disease CVD With 2.90 Without 1.18 Congestive heart failure With 4.37 Without 1.14 Within 1 year 6.04 0.80 2.99
had twice the risk of a PM10-induced pneumonia admission as persons without asthma.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: genus
D: psyche
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general, we found somewhat larger effects on whites compared to nonwhites, and for persons older than 75 years of age compared to younger persons.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species group
B: probles
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: species
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In general, we found somewhat larger effects on whites compared to nonwhites, and for persons older than 75 years of age compared to younger persons.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: suborder
C: animals (aka metazoa)
D: genus
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In fact, recent human studies have shown that exposure to particulate air pollution is a risk factor for reduced heart rate variability (39�41).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
B: mammals (aka mammalia)
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A new study of defibrillator discharges in patients with implanted cardioverter defibrillators found that discharges were associated with air pollution (42).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: this
B: humans (aka homo)
C: genus
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: other (aka unidentified)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Percentage increase in hospital admissions for pneumonia in all persons and by concurrent diagnosis and previous admissions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: probles
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: other (aka unidentified)
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'PM10 All persons By concurrent diagnosis Respiratory disease Asthma With Without Cardiovascular disease Conduction disorders With Without Cardiac dysrhythmias With Without By previous admissions Cardiovascular disease Cardiac dysrhythmias With Without 2.34 2.5% CI 97.5% CI 1.66 3.02
1.10 0.64 �0.47 0.76 0.18 0.76 0.55 0.72 0.85 0.75
2.20 1.33 5.55 1.37 5.30 1.37 3.36 1.35 2.34 1.41
�0.45 0.47 �4.42 0.58 0.64 0.33 0.77 0.24
8.65 2.57 9.59 2.64 5.60 2.55 5.08 2.55
0.45 0.76 �0.40 0.78 �0.43 0.77 0.22 0.76 0.75 0.72
1.91 1.41 3.40 1.40 3.89 1.39 5.63 1.38 2.48 1.36
4.18 2.07 7.92 1.99 � �
1.01 1.46 4.28 1.37 � �
7.46 2.69 11.69 2.61 � �
�1.38 0.66 0.99 �0.01 1.43 0.05 2.10
8.01 2.76 4.85 2.39 7.40 2.24 10.14
3.47 2.08
1.21 1.45
5.79 2.71
Increases are for a 10-�g/m3 increase in PM10.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: primate (aka primates)
B: psyche
C: humans (aka homo)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: genus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'PM10 All persons By concurrent diagnosis Respiratory disease Asthma With Without Cardiovascular disease Conduction disorders With Without Cardiac dysrhythmias With Without By previous admissions Cardiovascular disease Cardiac dysrhythmias With Without 2.34 2.5% CI 97.5% CI 1.66 3.02
1.10 0.64 �0.47 0.76 0.18 0.76 0.55 0.72 0.85 0.75
2.20 1.33 5.55 1.37 5.30 1.37 3.36 1.35 2.34 1.41
�0.45 0.47 �4.42 0.58 0.64 0.33 0.77 0.24
8.65 2.57 9.59 2.64 5.60 2.55 5.08 2.55
0.45 0.76 �0.40 0.78 �0.43 0.77 0.22 0.76 0.75 0.72
1.91 1.41 3.40 1.40 3.89 1.39 5.63 1.38 2.48 1.36
4.18 2.07 7.92 1.99 � �
1.01 1.46 4.28 1.37 � �
7.46 2.69 11.69 2.61 � �
�1.38 0.66 0.99 �0.01 1.43 0.05 2.10
8.01 2.76 4.85 2.39 7.40 2.24 10.14
3.47 2.08
1.21 1.45
5.79 2.71
Increases are for a 10-�g/m3 increase in PM10.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: this
B: species
C: genus
D: suborder
E: primate (aka primates)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '% All persons Male Female White Non-white Age > 75 Age 75 1.89 1.34 2.19 1.65 1.07 2.20 1.33 COPD (95% CI) (0.80, 2.99) (�0.14, 2.84) (0.81, 3.59) (0.51, 2.81) (�1.11, 3.3) (0.72, 3.69) (0.03, 2.65) % 1.31 1.07 1.21 1.20 0.70 1.28 0.93 CVD (95% CI) (0.97, 1.66) (0.62, 1.51) (0.83, 1.6) (0.86, 1.55) (0.1, 1.3) (0.88, 1.69) (0.51, 1.35) % 2.34 2.65 1.91 2.45 1.91 2.12 2.52 Pneumonia (95% CI) (1.66, 3.02) (1.81, 3.5) (1.11, 2.72) (1.77, 3.14) (0.69, 3.14) (1.38, 2.86) (1.57, 3.48)
Figures shown are the percentage increase in admissions (95% CI).
particles has also been associated with arrhythmia in an animal model (43) and changes in ST segments have been noted as well (44).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: psyche
B: family
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: suborder
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This is the first study to suggest persons with defects in the electrical control of the heart are also at higher risk of respiratory illness after exposure to airborne particles.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: probles
B: biota (aka cellular organisms)
C: primate (aka primates)
D: species
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data also suggest that persons admitted to hospitals for pneumonia during an air pollution episode may be at high risk for clinically significant conduction disorders during that hospital admission.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: family
C: humans (aka homo)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: musculus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Patients with congestive heart failure were at greater risk of hospital admissions for COPD in association with airborne particles.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: theraps
B: probles
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: subsection
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The finding that these patients are at higher risk for admissions associated with particulate air pollution is new but is also consistent with several other recent reports.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: circe
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: aides
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The spontaneous hypertensive rat develops a model of heart failure, and recent studies have reported greater sensitivity to particulate air pollution in these rats. These include both electrocardiogram abnormalities (44) and pulmonary toxicity (45,46).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
B: rattus norvegicus (rats (aka rattus norvegicus))
C: rattus rattus (rattus wroughtoni) (aka rattus rattus)
D: rattus norvegicus albus
E: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The spontaneous hypertensive rat develops a model of heart failure, and recent studies have reported greater sensitivity to particulate air pollution in these rats. These include both electrocardiogram abnormalities (44) and pulmonary toxicity (45,46).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
B: rattus norvegicus albus
C: black rat (aka rattus rattus)
D: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Zelikoff et al. (50) exposed rats infected with streptococcus to concentrated air particles and reported a significant increase in bacterial burdens and in the extent of pneumonia compared to animals exposed to filtrated air.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
B: rattus rattoides (aka rattus rattus)
C: rattus norvegicus albus
D: rattus norvegicus (rats (aka rattus norvegicus))
E: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similarly, exposure to combustion
particles enhances influenza infections in mice (51).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'An impaired defense to respiratory infection is a major reason that persons with COPD require hospital admission.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: family
D: this
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'An impaired defense to respiratory infection is a major reason that persons with COPD require hospital admission.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: kingdom
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: other (aka unidentified)
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: family
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hence persons with previous admissions elsewhere would be misclassified to our reference group.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'persons'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: family
B: kingdom
C: species
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Air pollution and mortality in elderly people: a time series study in Sao Paulo, Brazil.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'people'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: family
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: genus
F: None of the above. | D |
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