instruction stringlengths 161 2.29k | input stringlengths 80 650 | response stringclasses 6 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'One candidate is Ngn1, which is expressed during neocorticogenesis, the specification of olfactory sensory neurons and during embryonic rat hippocampal development', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
C: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
D: rat (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: roof rat (aka rattus rattus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The double null Ngn1/Ngn2 mutant displays a more severe phenotype than single gene (Ngn1 or Ngn2) mutant mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
B: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'If the role of Ngn1 during hippocampal neurogenesis is to activate NeuroD1 and that of Ngn2 is to control granule neuroblasts production/amplification, the DG of double Ngn1/Ngn2 knockout mice should resemble that of NeuroD1 null mutant mice.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'If the role of Ngn1 during hippocampal neurogenesis is to activate NeuroD1 and that of Ngn2 is to control granule neuroblasts production/amplification, the DG of double Ngn1/Ngn2 knockout mice should resemble that of NeuroD1 null mutant mice.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
C: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Materials and Methods
Animal tissue preparation
The creation of the Ngn2 transgenic mice was reported elsewhere (ref guillemot).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heterozygote male and female mice were crossed to obtain WT, heterozygote (Ngn2+/GFP) and null mutant (Ngn2GFP/GFP) animals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
B: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Neurogenesis was assessed in two weeks or two months old WT mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
D: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
E: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Neurogenesis was assessed in two weeks or two months old WT mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
B: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
C: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
D: peromyscus
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sprague Dawley pregnant rats were ordered from B&K Universal Ltd, Sollentuna, Sweden (hppt://www.bku.com).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: black rat (aka rattus rattus)
B: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
C: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
D: rat (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For immunohistochemical analysis, mice (from two weeks old and adult stage) and juvenile rats were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion with saline for 5–10 minutes, followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 10 minutes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
C: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
D: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
E: mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For immunohistochemical analysis, mice (from two weeks old and adult stage) and juvenile rats were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion with saline for 5–10 minutes, followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 10 minutes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
B: rattus norvegicus (rats (aka rattus norvegicus))
C: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
D: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
E: rattus norvegicus albus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heads of postanatal two days old mice were decapitated and soaked in PFA 4% for 24 hours, at 4°C and transferred into sucrose solution until sectioning on cryostat apparatus (16 µm thickness; Leica CM3000).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: peromyscus
D: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
E: mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To generate the construct pCMMP-NeuroD1-IRES2eGFP-WPRE, mouse NeuroD1 cDNA was amplified from a pCS2+mtNeuroD1 plasmid (kindly provided by Professor Jackie Lee, Denver university, Boulder, USA) by PCR to introduce the restriction sites PmeI in 5′ and XhoI in 3′. Amplification of cDNA was performed as previously described [49].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
B: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
C: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Neurosphere generation, transduction and differentiation
Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats (B & K Universal, Sollentuna, Sweden) were terminally anesthetized by an overdose of sodium pentobarbital (i.p., 60 ng/ml).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sprague-dawley rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rat (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
B: rattus rattus kandianus
C: rattus norvegicus (rats (aka rattus norvegicus))
D: polynesian rat (aka rattus exulans)
E: house rat (aka rattus rattus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: hares (aka lepus)
C: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: european rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
E: rabbits and hares (aka leporidae)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
C: peromyscus
D: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
E: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'guinea pig'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cavia magna (greater guinea pig) (aka cavia magna)
B: shiny guinea pig (aka cavia fulgida)
C: caviidae (cavies) (aka caviidae)
D: cavia aperea porcellus (aka cavia porcellus)
E: brazilian guinea pig (aka cavia aperea)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
B: lepus europaeus europaeus
C: cattle (aka bos)
D: lepus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
E: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
B: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
C: bovidae
D: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
E: cattle (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bovidae
B: capra aegagrus hircus (aka capra hircus)
C: capra aegagrus cretica (aka capra hircus cretica)
D: caponia
E: capra aegagrus (capra hircus aegagrus) (aka capra aegagrus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sueus
B: donkey (aka equus asinus)
C: capra
D: capra hircus aegagrus (aka capra aegagrus)
E: capra aegagrus hircus (aka capra hircus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
B: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
C: oryctolagus cuniculus (japanese white rabbit) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
D: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
E: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: rabbits (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
E: cattle (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: european rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
D: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
E: bovidae
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: capra hircus aegagrus (aka capra aegagrus)
B: bovidae
C: capra cretica (aka capra hircus cretica)
D: capra aegagrus hircus (aka capra hircus)
E: donkey (aka equus asinus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
D: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
E: mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
D: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
E: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
B: rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: cattle (aka bos)
D: lepus europaeus europaeus
E: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
B: peromyscus
C: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
D: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
B: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
C: peromyscus
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
B: hares (aka lepus)
C: rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
D: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
E: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
B: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
C: rabbits (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
D: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
E: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The antibodies used in this study are: rabbit anti-GFAP (1∶1000; DAKO), mouse anti-Nestin (1∶100; BD PharMingen), guinea pig anti-Glast (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Prox1 (1∶1000; Covance), goat anti-Ngn2 (1∶20; Santa Cruz), goat anti-NeuroD1 (1∶200; Santa Cruz), rabbit anti-Pax6 (1∶150; Covance), rabbit anti-Trb2 (1∶500; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Trb1: (1∶1000; Chemicon), goat anti-Dcx: (1∶500; Santa Cruz), mouse anti-PSA-NCAM: (1∶500; Chemicon), mouse anti-NeuN (1∶300; Chemicon), rabbit anti-Calretinin (1∶500; Swant); mouse anti-Sox2 (1∶100; R&D systems), mouse anti-Mash1 (1∶100; BD PharMingen), rabbit anti-NeuroD2 (1∶300; ABCAM), mouse anti-MAP2 (1∶500; Sigma), rabbit anti-Ki67 (1∶150; NovaCastra) and rabbit anti-phospho-Histone H3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus europaeus europaeus
B: hares (aka lepus)
C: bovidae
D: lepus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
E: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For immunocytochemistry, cultures were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at day five, rinsed with PBS three times prior to pre-incubation with a blocking solution (10% donkey serum, 0.25% TritonX100 in PBS) for 1 hour.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'donkey'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: african wild ass (aka equus asinus)
B: horse (aka equus caballus)
C: horses (aka equidae)
D: equus ferus (equus caballus ferus) (aka equus ferus)
E: equus asinus asinus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and Cloro-deoxyuridine (CldU) pulse labeling and immunohisto- and immunocyto-chemistry
To assess cell proliferation and ongoing neurogenesis in vivo, animals were injected with BrdU (100 mg/kg, Sigma), two hours prior to sacrifice (for both P2 and two weeks old Ngn2 mice).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
B: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunohistochemistry was carried on as described above using a rat anti-CldU/BrdU primary antibody (1∶200, monoclonal, Immunologicalsdirect, Oxfordshire, UK), with an additional denaturation in 1 M HCl for 30 minutes prior to pre-incubation with serum.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
B: rattus norvegicus albus
C: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
D: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
E: rattus rattus (rattus wroughtoni) (aka rattus rattus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For immunocytochemistry, cultures were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at day 7, rinsed with PBS three times, treated with 1 M HCl at 65°C for 5–10 min, pre-incubated and then incubated with a rat anti-CldU/BrdU antibody and other primary antibodies.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: black rat (aka rattus rattus)
B: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
C: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
D: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
E: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In utero surgery
Timed pregnant female Sprague Dawley rats with embryos at gestational age E15.5 were anesthetized with halothane.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sprague dawley rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus exulans (polynesian rat) (aka rattus exulans)
B: rattus norvegicus albus
C: norway rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
D: eastern new guinea rat (aka rattus mordax)
E: australian dusky field rat (aka rattus sordidus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In utero surgery
Timed pregnant female Sprague Dawley rats with embryos at gestational age E15.5 were anesthetized with halothane.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sprague dawley rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eastern new guinea rat (aka rattus mordax)
B: rattus norvegicus albus
C: polynesian rat (aka rattus exulans)
D: black rat (aka rattus rattus)
E: rattus rattus kandianus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, more than 25 Ngn2 null, >45 Ngn2 heterozygotes, and >60 WT individuals (including rats injected with retroviruses) were analyzed, in total.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
C: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
D: mus rattus (aka rattus rattus)
E: brown rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'All data are expressed as±standard error of the mean (SEM).
Human sample and RT-PCR
The brain from a 64 year-old male was provided by the Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: this
B: probles
C: species
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: avian (aka aves)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Five millimeters thick fresh human hippocampal tissue sample was snap frozen.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: avian (aka aves)
D: probles
E: mammals (aka mammalia)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some of them (but not the parent sulfonamides) strongly lowered IOP in rabbits when administered as a 2% solution into the eye.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: cattle (aka bos)
C: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
D: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
E: lepus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some of them (but not the parent sulfonamides) strongly lowered IOP in rabbits when administered as a 2% solution into the eye.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
B: rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: rabbits and hares (aka leporidae)
E: cattle (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The new compounds have been characterized by standard physico-chemical procedures, and were assayed as inhibitors of three CA isozymes, hCA I, hCA II and bCA IV (h human; b bovine; these are the isozymes considered to play a critical role in aqueous humour secretion within the eye of higher vertebrates [2-5]).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: animals (aka metazoa)
B: probles
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: mammals (aka mammalia)
E: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The new compounds have been characterized by standard physico-chemical procedures, and were assayed as inhibitors of three CA isozymes, hCA I, hCA II and bCA IV (h human; b bovine; these are the isozymes considered to play a critical role in aqueous humour secretion within the eye of higher vertebrates [2-5]).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: boveria
B: bovinae
C: bovine (aka bos taurus)
D: bovidae
E: bos indicus (bos primigenius indicus) (aka bos indicus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Human CA and CA II cDNAs were expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) from the plasmids pACA/hCA I and pACAdaCA II described by Forsman et al.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: suborder
D: species
E: animals (aka metazoa)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'IV was isolated from bovine lung microsomes as described by Maren et al, and its concentration has been determined by titration with ethoxzolamide [33].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
B: bos bovis (aka bos taurus)
C: bovinae
D: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
E: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Measurement of tonometric lOP Adult male New Zealand albino rabbits weighing 2-3 kg were used in the experiments (three animals were used for each inhibitor studied).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hares (aka lepus)
B: european rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: lepus europaeus europaeus
D: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
E: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Measurement of tonometric lOP Adult male New Zealand albino rabbits weighing 2-3 kg were used in the experiments (three animals were used for each inhibitor studied).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
B: cattle (aka bos)
C: bovidae
D: rabbits and hares (aka leporidae)
E: oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The rabbits were kept in individual cages with food and water provided ad libitum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
B: hares (aka lepus)
C: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
D: japanese white rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
E: cattle (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The ocular hypotensive activity is expressed as the average difference in IOP between the treated and control eye, in this way minimizing the diurnal, seasonal and interindividual variations commonly observed in the rabbit [37-39].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
B: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
C: japanese white rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
D: lepus europaeus europaeus
E: rabbits and hares (aka leporidae)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In vivo IOP lowering experiments were done in rabbits with some of the new compounds prepared in the present work, such as the sulfonamides 6 and 7, and their Zn(II) complexes, which were among the strong CA II and CA IV inhibitors in the obtained series.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
C: lepus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
D: leporidae (rabbits and hares) (aka leporidae)
E: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some of the IOP lowering data at half an hour and one hour after the instillation of one drop of 2 % solution of inhibitor within the rabbit eye are shown in 312
Claudiu T. Supuran et al.
Metal-Based Drugs
Table IV, with dorzolamide (at the same concentration) as standard.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
B: european rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: lepus europaeus europaeus
E: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Acetazolamide Methazolamide Ethoxzolamide
Dichlorophenamide Dorzolamide
Human (cloned) isozymes; b From bovine lung microsomes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: genus
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: probles
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Acetazolamide Methazolamide Ethoxzolamide
Dichlorophenamide Dorzolamide
Human (cloned) isozymes; b From bovine lung microsomes.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
B: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
C: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
D: bovine (aka bos taurus)
E: boveria
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fig l" Time dependence of IOP lowering with dorzolamide (curve 1); the zinc complex 10 (curve 3) and the zinc complex 17 (curve 3), after topical administration of one drop of 2 % solution of inhibitor in rabbit.
Preliminary results from this laboratory indicate that the metal complexes of topically active sulfonamides show also increased lOP lowering effects with respect to the complexes prepared in the present study', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cattle (aka bos)
B: marsh rabbit (aka sylvilagus palustris)
C: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
D: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
E: lepus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Borrelia burgdorferi membranes are the primary targets of reactive oxygen species
Abstract
Spirochetes living in an oxygen-rich environment or when challenged by host immune cells are exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
B: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
C: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelia
E: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Because Borrelia burgdorferi contains no intracellular iron, DNA is most likely not a major target for ROS via Fenton reaction.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (aka borreliella)
C: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
D: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
E: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In support of this, growth of B. burgdorferi in the presence of 5 mM H2O2 had no effect on the DNA mutation rate (spontaneous coumermycin A1 resistance), and cells treated with 10 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide or 10 mM H2O2 show no increase in DNA damage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
B: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
D: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
E: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In support of this, growth of B. burgdorferi in the presence of 5 mM H2O2 had no effect on the DNA mutation rate (spontaneous coumermycin A1 resistance), and cells treated with 10 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide or 10 mM H2O2 show no increase in DNA damage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
C: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
D: borrelia
E: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Unlike most bacteria, B. burgdorferi incorporates ROS-susceptible polyunsaturated fatty acids from the environment into their membranes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia
B: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
C: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Analysis of lipoxidase-treated B. burgdorferi cells by Electron Microscopy showed significant irregularities indicative of membrane damage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
C: borrelia burgdorferi group (aka borreliella)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data suggest that B. burgdorferi membrane lipids are targets for attack by ROS encountered in the various stages of the infective cycle.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
B: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
C: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
D: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Introduction
Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, survives and proliferates in distinctly different niches, including its arthropod vector and various mammalian hosts.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borreliales bacterium
C: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
D: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These ‘micro’ environments provide their own distinct sets of advantages and challenges to B. burgdorferi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
C: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, during the initial stages of infection of the mammalian host, immune cells attempt to prevent B. burgdorferi from establishing an infection using several systems including those generating bacteriocidal reactive oxygen species (ROS)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia
D: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
E: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In order for B. burgdorferi to successfully colonize a new host and cause disease, they must overcome the challenges posed by the innate immune system including the deleterious effects of ROS/RNS compounds.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
B: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
C: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
D: borrelia
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two notable exceptions are the photosynthetic bacteria which synthesize and incorporate significant levels of linoleic acid in their membrane (Tasaka et al., 1996) and Helicobacter pylori membranes which contain between 0.5% and 3% linoleic acid (Ursini and Bindoli, 1987).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'helicobacter pylori'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: helicobacter
B: helicobacter bilis
C: helicobacter gastrofelis
D: helicobacter canis
E: helicobacter pylori (campylobacter pylori subsp. pylori) (aka helicobacter pylori)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The intracellular biochemistry of B. burgdorferi suggests that the primary cellular target of ROS may be distinct from that described in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borrelia burgdorferi group (aka borreliella)
E: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The intracellular biochemistry of B. burgdorferi suggests that the primary cellular target of ROS may be distinct from that described in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: enterobacteriales (aka enterobacterales)
C: escherichia coli (strain b) (aka escherichia coli b)
D: bacteria (ex cavalier-smith 1987) (aka bacteria)
E: unspecified coliform bacterium
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The intracellular biochemistry of B. burgdorferi suggests that the primary cellular target of ROS may be distinct from that described in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli 1a
B: bacteria (ex cavalier-smith 1987) (aka bacteria)
C: escherichia sp.
D: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
E: unspecified coliform bacterium
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In E. coli, the extent of DNA damage due to H2O2 and Fenton chemistry is directly proportional to Fe metabolism and the free Fe concentration within the cell (10 µM) (Keyer and Imlay, 1996).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia
B: escherichia coli (escherichia/shigella coli) (aka escherichia coli)
C: escherichia sp.
D: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
E: enterobacterales (enterobacteriaceae and related endosymbionts) (aka enterobacterales)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As the intracellular Fe concentrations of B. burgdorferi are estimated to be < 10 atoms per cell (Posey and Gherardini, 2000), it seems unlikely that DNA is a primary target for ROS.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
B: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
C: borreliales bacterium
D: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the biochemical effects of ROS on B. burgdorferi, including growth effects and biological/physical damage.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
C: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
D: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
E: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Effect of ROS on B. burgdorferi cells
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
B: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In order to determine what the cellular targets of ROS in B. burgdorferi are, we first needed to determine the sensitivity of Borrelia cells to various oxidants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
B: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
D: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
E: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Microaerobic cultures of B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 were grown to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1, treated with varying concentrations of H2O2 (0–50 mM) or t-butyl hydroperoxide (0–50 mM) and the number of surviving cells determined by plating.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
B: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
C: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelia
E: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, when E. coli cells were exposed to 1 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide, approximately 1% of the cells survive.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: unspecified coliform bacterium
B: escherichia coli (escherichia/shigella coli) (aka escherichia coli)
C: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
D: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
E: escherichia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'B. burgdorferi cells were much more resistant to t-butyl hydroperoxide than E. coli cells, with a survival rate of approximately 100% at 1 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
B: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (aka borreliella)
C: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
D: borrelia
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'B. burgdorferi cells were much more resistant to t-butyl hydroperoxide than E. coli cells, with a survival rate of approximately 100% at 1 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia
B: enterobacteriales (aka enterobacterales)
C: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
D: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
E: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli cells exposed to 1 mM H2O2 have approximately 10% survivability, while 100% of the B. burgdorferi cells survive at this concentration, and approximately 80% survive when exposed to 10 mM H2O2 (Fig. 1B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
B: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
C: escherichia coli (escherichia/shigella coli) (aka escherichia coli)
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli cells exposed to 1 mM H2O2 have approximately 10% survivability, while 100% of the B. burgdorferi cells survive at this concentration, and approximately 80% survive when exposed to 10 mM H2O2 (Fig. 1B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: unspecified coliform bacterium
B: escherichia sp.
C: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli cells exposed to 1 mM H2O2 have approximately 10% survivability, while 100% of the B. burgdorferi cells survive at this concentration, and approximately 80% survive when exposed to 10 mM H2O2 (Fig. 1B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
C: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Taken together, these data indicated that B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 was highly resistant to exposure to both t-butyl peroxide and H2O2.
Borrelia burgdorferi DNA is not the primary target of ROS
For most bacteria, DNA is the major target of ROS causing a wide variety of DNA lesions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
C: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
E: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Taken together, these data indicated that B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 was highly resistant to exposure to both t-butyl peroxide and H2O2.
Borrelia burgdorferi DNA is not the primary target of ROS
For most bacteria, DNA is the major target of ROS causing a wide variety of DNA lesions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
C: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
D: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, B. burgdorferi has been shown to harbour few genes encoding orthologues of known iron-containing proteins, does not require Fe for growth and has intracellular Fe concentrations estimated to be < 10 atoms per cell (Posey and Gherardini, 2000).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
B: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
D: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
E: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Taken together, these observations strongly suggest that B. burgdorferi DNA is not a major target for ROS.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
C: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
D: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To test this hypothesis, different techniques were used to measure DNA damage in B. burgdorferi cells after exposure to ROS.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi group (aka borreliella)
B: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
E: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In B. burgdorferi, mutations that confer resistance to coumermycin A1, which targets the β subunit of DNA gyrase, have been mapped to gyrB, the gene encoding DNA gyrase B (Samuels et al., 1994).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
B: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
C: borreliales bacterium
D: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine if exposure to oxidants increases DNA damage by increasing point mutations, B. burgdorferi B31A3 cells grown under microaerobic conditions were treated with 5 mM H2O2 and plated in the presence and absence of 250 ng ml−1 coumermycin A1.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
B: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
C: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
D: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine whether ROS can damage B. burgdorferi DNA, strain B31A3 cells grown under microaerobic conditions were treated with H2O2 (1 or 10 mM), t-butyl hydroperoxide (1 or 10 mM) or lipoxidase (an enzyme which specifically catalyses the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis, cis-pentadiene structure, such as linoleic acid).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
C: borreliales bacterium
D: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
E: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, when E. coli strain TA4315 cells (ahpCF) (Storz et al., 1989) were treated with 100 µM H2O2, the number of AP sites increased ∼10-fold over untreated cells.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: unspecified coliform bacterium
B: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
C: escherichia coli (strain b) (aka escherichia coli b)
D: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
E: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, when E. coli strain TA4315 cells (ahpCF) (Storz et al., 1989) were treated with 100 µM H2O2, the number of AP sites increased ∼10-fold over untreated cells.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: unspecified coliform bacterium
B: escherichia
C: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
D: escherichia coli (strain b) (aka escherichia coli b)
E: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data suggest that B. burgdorferi DNA was not a major target for oxidative damage under these conditions.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia
B: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (aka borreliella)
C: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
D: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
E: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is of note to mention that the total number of AP sites per 105 bp DNA is approximately 10-fold higher in untreated Borrelia B31A3 DNA than in untreated E. coli DNA.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: escherichia phage
C: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
D: enterobacterales (enterobacteriaceae and related endosymbionts) (aka enterobacterales)
E: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 harbours 11 linear plasmids and a linear chromosome with ∼100 unpaired bases in the telomere loops per genome or 10 bases per 105 bp DNA (Hinnebusch and Barbour, 1991; Chaconas, 2005).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
C: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (aka borreliella)
D: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To test this hypothesis, the AP sites were measured in DNA isolated from untreated B. burgdorferi strain B314 which harbours no linear plasmids (Sadziene et al., 1993).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
B: borrelia burgdorferi group (aka borreliella)
C: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
F: None of the above. | C |
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