instruction stringlengths 161 2.29k | input stringlengths 80 650 | response stringclasses 6 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
We down-regulated the expression of M6P/IGF2R in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and examined the effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
B: norway rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
C: rattus rattoides (aka rattus rattus)
D: rattus norvegicus albus
E: rat (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, alterations in the control of apoptosis have also been shown to contribute to human diseases.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mammals (aka mammalia)
B: probles
C: this
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: primate (aka primates)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cardiac myocytes express relatively high levels of M6P/IGF2R and transgenic mice containing a homologous deletion of the M6P/IGF2R gene manifest ventricular hyperplasia due to an increase in cell number [9,10], suggesting that the M6P/IGF2R normally acts to suppress cardiac myocyte cell growth.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
C: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
D: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Adenoviral delivery of ribozymes increases the proliferation of cardiac myocytes
We examined the effects of the ribozyme on the growth of cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: brown rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
C: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
D: mus rattus (aka rattus rattus)
E: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Supporting evidence for the involvement of IGF-II in the proliferative effect resulting from loss of M6P/IGF2R function comes from studies of M6P/IGF2R knock-out mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: peromyscus
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
E: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'M6P/IGF2R-null mice display global hyperplasia that coincides with elevated levels of IGF-II.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
B: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The nucleotide numbers of the rat M6P/IGF2R sequence targeted by the hammerhead ribozyme is 1147–1160 after coding site (exon 9).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
B: roof rat (aka rattus rattus)
C: rattus norvegicus albus
D: rat (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
E: rat (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The nucleotide numbers of the rat M6P/IGF2R sequence targeted by the hammerhead ribozyme is 1147–1160 after coding site (exon 9).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
C: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
D: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
E: mus rattus (aka rattus rattus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cell cultures and infection with Ad-GFP/Rz-IGF2R and Ad-GFP
Cardiac myocytes were isolated from 1-day-old newborn rats using the Neonatal Cardiomyocyte Isolation System (Worthington).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
C: norway rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
D: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
E: black rat (aka rattus rattus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The isolated cells were plated in 6-well plates and cultured in F-10 medium containing 5% (vol/vol) FBS and 10% (vol/vol) horse serum at 37°C in a tissue culture incubator with 5% CO2 and 98% relative humidity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'horse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eques
B: equus przewalskii (equus caballus przewalskii) (aka equus przewalskii)
C: equine (aka equus caballus)
D: equus sp.
E: equus subg. equus (aka equus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The plasmid containing the rat M6P/IGF2R gene was linearized and used as a transcription template.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: rattus rattus (rattus wroughtoni) (aka rattus rattus)
C: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
D: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antisense RNA probes were transcribed in vitro using [33P]-UTP, T7 polymerase (Riboprobea System T7 kit, Promega), hybridized with the total RNA extracted from the rat cardiomyocytes, and digested with ribonuclease to remove non-hybridized RNA and probe.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: roof rat (aka rattus rattus)
C: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
D: rat (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Briefly, cells were permeabilized with 0.25% saponin in 50 mM Hepes (pH 7.0), 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM β-glycerophosphate, 0.5% human serum albumin, and 10 mM mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) for 30 minutes on ice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: birds (aka aves)
C: suborder
D: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They were incubated with 20,000 units/ml β-glucuronidase from bovine liver (Sigma) in 50 mM Hepes (pH 7.5) containing 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM β-glycerophosphate, 0.5% human serum albumin, 0.5% saponin with or without 10 mM M6P overnight on ice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos sp.
B: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
C: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
D: bos taurus (bos primigenius taurus) (aka bos taurus)
E: bovinae
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They were incubated with 20,000 units/ml β-glucuronidase from bovine liver (Sigma) in 50 mM Hepes (pH 7.5) containing 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM β-glycerophosphate, 0.5% human serum albumin, 0.5% saponin with or without 10 mM M6P overnight on ice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: macrobiotus sapiens
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: this
D: primate (aka primates)
E: species
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Briefly, confluent cell cultures were washed twice with pre-warmed serum-free DMEM followed by incubation with DMEM containing 5 mg/ml human serum albumin and 10 mM M6P for 20 minutes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: birds (aka aves)
D: kingdom
E: homo (humans) (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cells were then incubated in DMEM containing 5 mg/ml human serum albumin alone or 4000 units β-glucuronidase with or without 10 mM M6P for 2 hours at 37°C.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: probles
D: kingdom
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, Britto and Elliot reported that the loss of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis in their two patients did not show functional compromise of strength and grip strength', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: subsection
B: cancer
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: aides
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, Britto and Elliot reported that the loss of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis in their two patients did not show functional compromise of strength and grip strength', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'patients'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
B: genus
C: suborder
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Genomic-Bioinformatic Analysis of Transcripts Enriched in the Third-Stage Larva of the Parasitic Nematode Ascaris suum
Abstract
Differential transcription in Ascaris suum was investigated using a genomic-bioinformatic approach.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ascaris suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ascaris columnaris (aka baylisascaris columnaris)
B: ascaris vermicularis (aka enterobius vermicularis)
C: ascaris sp.
D: ascaris ovis
E: ascaris suum (pig roundworm) (aka ascaris suum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Genomic-Bioinformatic Analysis of Transcripts Enriched in the Third-Stage Larva of the Parasitic Nematode Ascaris suum
Abstract
Differential transcription in Ascaris suum was investigated using a genomic-bioinformatic approach.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ascaris suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ascaris suum (pig roundworm) (aka ascaris suum)
B: ascaris vermicularis (aka enterobius vermicularis)
C: ascaris equorum (aka parascaris equorum)
D: ascaris sp.
E: ascaris columnaris (aka baylisascaris columnaris)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A cDNA archive enriched for molecules in the infective third-stage larva (L3) of A. suum was constructed by suppressive-subtractive hybridization (SSH), and a subset of cDNAs from 3075 clones subjected to microarray analysis using cDNA probes derived from RNA from different developmental stages of A. suum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suillus
B: maratus suae
C: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
D: aerococcus suis
E: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A cDNA archive enriched for molecules in the infective third-stage larva (L3) of A. suum was constructed by suppressive-subtractive hybridization (SSH), and a subset of cDNAs from 3075 clones subjected to microarray analysis using cDNA probes derived from RNA from different developmental stages of A. suum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
B: paracoccus suum
C: suarius
D: sueus
E: suillia
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of the 91 clusters assembled, 56 molecules (61.5%) had homologues/orthologues in the free-living nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and C. briggsae and/or other organisms, whereas 35 (38.5%) had no significant similarity to any sequences available in current gene databases.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'caenorhabditis elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cyclostrongylus elegans
B: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
C: bactris elegans
D: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
E: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of the 91 clusters assembled, 56 molecules (61.5%) had homologues/orthologues in the free-living nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and C. briggsae and/or other organisms, whereas 35 (38.5%) had no significant similarity to any sequences available in current gene databases.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. briggsae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rhabditis briggsae (aka caenorhabditis briggsae)
B: pseudochaetosphaeronema briggsiae
C: sabacon briggsi
D: ectopsocus briggsi
E: cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii cng9
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Transcripts encoding protein kinases, protein phosphatases (and their precursors), and enolases were abundantly represented in the L3 of A. suum, as were molecules involved in cellular processes, such as ubiquitination and proteasome function, gene transcription, protein–protein interactions, and function.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: actinobacillus suis
B: suillia
C: paracoccus suum
D: suaeda vera (suaeda fruticosa mult. auct.) (aka suaeda vera)
E: suiformes (aka suina)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In silico analyses inferred the C. elegans orthologues/homologues (n = 50) to be involved in apoptosis and insulin signaling (2%), ATP synthesis (2%), carbon metabolism (6%), fatty acid biosynthesis (2%), gap junction (2%), glucose metabolism (6%), or porphyrin metabolism (2%), although 34 (68%) of them could not be mapped to a specific metabolic pathway.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: uronema elegans
B: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
C: caenorhabditis
D: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
E: theocolax elegans
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functionally, 17 (34%) of them were predicted to be associated with (non-wild-type) RNAi phenotypes in C. elegans, the majority being embryonic lethality (Emb) (13 types; 58.8%), larval arrest (Lva) (23.5%) and larval lethality (Lvl) (47%).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caenorhabditis
B: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
C: caenorhabditis sp.
D: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
E: theocolax elegans
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A genetic interaction network was predicted for these 17 C. elegans orthologues, revealing highly significant interactions for nine molecules associated with embryonic and larval development (66.9%), information storage and processing (5.1%), cellular processing and signaling (15.2%), metabolism (6.1%), and unknown function (6.7%).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila elegans
B: uronema elegans
C: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
D: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
E: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A genetic interaction network was predicted for these 17 C. elegans orthologues, revealing highly significant interactions for nine molecules associated with embryonic and larval development (66.9%), information storage and processing (5.1%), cellular processing and signaling (15.2%), metabolism (6.1%), and unknown function (6.7%).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caromyxa elegans (aka mutinus elegans)
B: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
C: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
D: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
E: uronema elegans
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The potential roles of these molecules in development are discussed in relation to the known roles of their homologues/orthologues in C. elegans and some other nematodes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
B: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
C: cyclostrongylus elegans
D: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
E: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The results of the present study provide a basis for future functional genomic studies to elucidate molecular aspects governing larval developmental processes in A. suum and/or the transition to parasitism.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suillus indica (aka suillus indicus)
B: suiformes (aka suina)
C: eubacterium suis (aka actinobaculum suis)
D: maratus suae
E: suillia
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, hundreds of millions of people are infected with geohelminths (soil-transmitted worms), such as blood-feeding hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and/or Necator americanus, Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris spp.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'people'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: biota (aka cellular organisms)
C: probles
D: species group
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, hundreds of millions of people are infected with geohelminths (soil-transmitted worms), such as blood-feeding hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and/or Necator americanus, Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris spp.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ancylostoma duodenale'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ancylostoma duodenale (agchylostoma duodenale) (aka ancylostoma duodenale)
B: ancylostoma
C: ancylodes
D: ancyluris
E: ancylostoma braziliense
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, hundreds of millions of people are infected with geohelminths (soil-transmitted worms), such as blood-feeding hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and/or Necator americanus, Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris spp.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'necator americanus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: uromyces americanus
B: acanthoscelio americanus
C: esox americanus
D: new world hookworm (aka necator americanus)
E: spiralomyces americanus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, hundreds of millions of people are infected with geohelminths (soil-transmitted worms), such as blood-feeding hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and/or Necator americanus, Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris spp.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'trichuris trichiura'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human whipworm (aka trichuris trichiura)
B: trichocerca
C: trichuris
D: trichocephalus
E: trichoneura
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[1], causing serious adverse effects on human health, particularly in children.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
D: genus
E: mammals (aka mammalia)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[1], causing serious adverse effects on human health, particularly in children.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'children'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: circe
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: avian (aka aves)
E: probles
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similarly, parasitic nematodes of livestock, such as pigs, also cause substantial economic losses due to subclinical and clinical diseases, with billions of dollars spent annually on the treatment and control of gastro-intestinal nematodes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pigs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sus domesticus (aka sus scrofa domesticus)
B: pigs (aka sus scrofa) (aka sus scrofa)
C: gallus
D: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
E: guinea-pigs (aka cavia)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Compared with the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, there is very little information on fundamental molecular aspects of development in parasitic nematodes [6]–[8].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'caenorhabditis elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
B: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
C: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: gongylostoma elegans elegans (clausilia elegans elegans) (aka gongylostoma elegans elegans)
E: uronema elegans
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Compared with the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, there is very little information on fundamental molecular aspects of development in parasitic nematodes [6]–[8].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'caenorhabditis elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: theocolax elegans
B: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
C: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
D: drosophila elegans
E: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the genome sequence of C. elegans was published in 1998 [9], many aspects of the molecular biology of this nematode have been elucidated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
B: gongylostoma elegans elegans (clausilia elegans elegans) (aka gongylostoma elegans elegans)
C: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
D: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
E: bactris elegans
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, microarray analyses have been used to examine developmental and gender-enriched gene expression [10],[11], and the functions of more than 96% of the C. elegans genes have been assessed by double-stranded RNA interference (RNAi, or gene silencing;', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
B: enyo elegans (aka zodarion elegans)
C: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
D: caenorhabditis
E: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparative analyses of genetic data sets have shown that parasitic nematodes usually share ∼50–70% of genes with C. elegans (e.g., [19],[20]).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: uronema elegans
B: zodarion elegans (enyo elegans) (aka zodarion elegans)
C: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
E: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There is similarity in other features (such as basic body plan and moulting) between C. elegans and parasitic nematodes, suggesting that some molecular pathways are relatively conserved [8],[21].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bactris elegans
B: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
C: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
D: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
E: cyclostrongylus elegans
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Despite the advances in genomic technologies [7], [22]–[29] and the study of C. elegans, there is a paucity of information on the genomics of parasitic nematodes of animals, particularly in relation to development.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: uronema elegans
B: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
C: bactris elegans
D: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
E: caromyxa elegans (aka mutinus elegans)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Also considering the major socioeconomic impact of Ascaris and ascariasis in humans and pigs [30]–[32], several characteristics, including the large size of the adult worm (providing the opportunity of investigating individual organ systems and tissues), the ability to maintain Ascaris in the pig, store eggs and culture larvae in vitro for relatively long periods of time (months to years)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'humans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hominoidea (apes (aka hominoidea))
B: kingdom
C: avian (aka aves)
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: species
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Also considering the major socioeconomic impact of Ascaris and ascariasis in humans and pigs [30]–[32], several characteristics, including the large size of the adult worm (providing the opportunity of investigating individual organ systems and tissues), the ability to maintain Ascaris in the pig, store eggs and culture larvae in vitro for relatively long periods of time (months to years)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pigs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: guinea-pigs (aka cavia)
B: guinea pig (aka cavia porcellus)
C: gallus domesticus (aka gallus gallus)
D: pig (aka sus scrofa) (aka sus scrofa)
E: suidae (pigs (aka suidae))
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Also considering the major socioeconomic impact of Ascaris and ascariasis in humans and pigs [30]–[32], several characteristics, including the large size of the adult worm (providing the opportunity of investigating individual organ systems and tissues), the ability to maintain Ascaris in the pig, store eggs and culture larvae in vitro for relatively long periods of time (months to years)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pig'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: boars (aka suidae)
B: sus scrofa (pigs (aka sus scrofa))
C: domestic guinea pig (aka cavia porcellus)
D: gallus
E: sus domesticus (aka sus scrofa domesticus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the present study, Ascaris from pigs was used to study molecules abundantly transcribed in the infective third-stage larva (L3).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pigs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gallus domesticus (aka gallus gallus)
B: sus scrofa (pigs (aka sus scrofa))
C: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
D: mus porcellus (aka cavia porcellus)
E: sus domesticus (aka sus scrofa domesticus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Following the oral ingestion of Ascaris eggs by the host (human or pig), L3s are released and then invade/penetrate predominantly the caecal wall', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: genus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Following the oral ingestion of Ascaris eggs by the host (human or pig), L3s are released and then invade/penetrate predominantly the caecal wall', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: kingdom
C: mammals (aka mammalia)
D: probles
E: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Following the oral ingestion of Ascaris eggs by the host (human or pig), L3s are released and then invade/penetrate predominantly the caecal wall', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pig'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chickens (aka gallus gallus)
B: pigs (aka sus scrofa) (aka sus scrofa)
C: gallus
D: sus scrofa domesticus (sus scrofa domestica) (aka sus scrofa domesticus)
E: domestic guinea pig (aka cavia porcellus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we constructed an L3-enriched cDNA library using the method of suppressive-subtractive hybridization (SSH), explored transcription of a representative subset of molecules by microarray analysis and conducted bioinformatic analyses to characterize these molecules, map them to biochemical pathways and predict genetic interactions based on comparisons with C. elegans and/or other organisms.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
B: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
C: uronema elegans
D: caenorhabditis sp.
E: zodarion elegans (enyo elegans) (aka zodarion elegans)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Materials and Methods
Production of Different Developmental Stages of Ascaris
Experimental pigs (8–12 weeks of age) were purchased from and maintained in the Experimental Animal Center of South China Agricultural University.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pigs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suidae (pigs (aka suidae))
B: gallus
C: sus scrofa (pigs (aka sus scrofa))
D: guinea pig (aka cavia porcellus)
E: guinea-pigs (aka cavia)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These pigs were treated humanely, according to the Animal Ethics procedures and guidelines of the People's Republic of China.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pigs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: guinea-pigs (aka cavia)
B: chickens (aka gallus gallus)
C: boars (aka suidae)
D: swine (aka sus scrofa)
E: gallus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Adult worms (males and females) of A. suum were collected from the small intestines of pigs from an abattoir in Shenzhen, China.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: paracoccus suum
B: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
C: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
D: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
E: suiformes (aka suina)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Adult worms (males and females) of A. suum were collected from the small intestines of pigs from an abattoir in Shenzhen, China.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pigs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus porcellus (aka cavia porcellus)
B: wild boar (aka sus scrofa)
C: domestic pig (aka sus scrofa domesticus)
D: chickens (aka gallus gallus)
E: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Infective eggs and infective L3s of A. suum were produced according to the methods described previously [38].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: actinobacillus suis
B: aerococcus suis
C: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
D: maratus suae
E: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brief, eggs from the uteri of adult females of A. suum were collected and incubated at 28°C for 28 days to allow them to develop to infective eggs (containing infective L3s).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
B: sueus
C: suarius
D: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
E: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Following the experimental infection of helminth-free pigs with infective Ascaris eggs as described previously [39], the L3s from livers and in lungs as well as L4s in intestines were isolated according to an established method [40].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pigs'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sus scrofa (pigs (aka sus scrofa))
B: gallus domesticus (aka gallus gallus)
C: guinea-pigs (aka cavia)
D: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
E: gallus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Construction of the cDNA Library by Subtractive-Suppressive Hybridization (SSH)
Total RNA was isolated from adult females and males, different larval stages or eggs of A. suum using TriPure reagent (Roche) as recommended by the manufacturer.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eubacterium suis (aka actinobaculum suis)
B: actinobacillus suis
C: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
D: sueus
E: suarius
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Construction of the cDNA Library by Subtractive-Suppressive Hybridization (SSH)
Total RNA was isolated from adult females and males, different larval stages or eggs of A. suum using TriPure reagent (Roche) as recommended by the manufacturer.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: maratus suae
B: suillus
C: sueus
D: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
E: suarius
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The cDNA obtained following SSH was cloned into the pGEM-T Easy plasmid vector (Promega) and competent Escherichia coli (JM109) transformed.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
C: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
D: unspecified coliform bacterium
E: escherichia coli 1a
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sixteen blanks (using spotting solution only) and the same number of negative (irrelevant cDNAs with no relationship to Ascaris) were also printed on to slides and served as negative controls; β-actin of A. suum served as a positive control to assess the efficiency of labeling and hybridization.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
B: suillus
C: paracoccus suum
D: actinobacillus suis
E: sueus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Labeling of cDNA Probes with Fluorescent Dyes, and Microarray Analysis
The cDNAs produced from total RNA from A. suum eggs, infective L3s, L3s isolated from pig liver or lung, fourth-stage larvae (L4s), adult males or females [as described in the section ‘Construction of the cDNA Library by Subtractive-Suppressive Hybridization (SSH)’] were labeled with cyanine dyes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suina (suiformes) (aka suina)
B: suarius
C: suillus
D: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
E: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Labeling of cDNA Probes with Fluorescent Dyes, and Microarray Analysis
The cDNAs produced from total RNA from A. suum eggs, infective L3s, L3s isolated from pig liver or lung, fourth-stage larvae (L4s), adult males or females [as described in the section ‘Construction of the cDNA Library by Subtractive-Suppressive Hybridization (SSH)’] were labeled with cyanine dyes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pig'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: guinea pig (aka cavia porcellus)
B: pig (aka sus scrofa) (aka sus scrofa)
C: gallus
D: sus scrofa domestica (aka sus scrofa domesticus)
E: bovidae
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Microarray slides were incubated with a pre-hybridization solution [5×SSC, 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.1% sodium dodecyl-sulphate (SDS)] for 6 h at 42°C.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cattle (aka bos)
B: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
C: bovidae
D: bovine (aka bos taurus)
E: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized from total RNA (separately) from each stage or sex of A. suum using reverse transcriptase (Superscript III, Invitrogen).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eubacterium suis (aka actinobaculum suis)
B: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
C: suina (suiformes) (aka suina)
D: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
E: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The PCR amplification of a portion (209 bp) of the β-actin gene (accession no. BI594141) using forward primer (5′-CTCGAAACAAGAATACGATG-3′) and reverse primer (5′- ACATGTGCCGTTGTATGATG-3′), previously determined to be present in all developmental stages and both sexes of A. suum', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suarius
B: paracoccus suum
C: suillia
D: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
E: maratus suae
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Following the processing of the sequences (i.e., removal of vector sequences, quality assurance and clustering), contigs or singletons from individual clusters were subjected to BLASTx (NCBI: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and BLASTn (EMBL-EBI Parasite Genome Blast Server: www.ebi.ac.uk) analysis to identify putative homologues in C. elegans, other nematodes and other organisms (e-value of ≤1e-05).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: uronema elegans
B: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
C: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
D: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
E: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'WormBase (www.wormbase.org) was interrogated extensively for relevant information on C. elegans homologues/orthologues, including RNAi phenotypic, transcriptomic, proteomic and interactomic data.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
B: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
C: drosophila elegans
D: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
E: caenorhabditis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'ESTs with homologues/orthologues in C. elegans and other nematodes were also subjected to analysis employing the KEGG Orthology-Based Annotation System (KOBAS) (www.kobas.cbi.pku.edu.cn), which predicts the biochemical pathways in which molecules are involved.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gongylostoma elegans elegans (clausilia elegans elegans) (aka gongylostoma elegans elegans)
B: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
C: enyo elegans (aka zodarion elegans)
D: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
E: drosophila elegans
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'ESTs with homologues/orthologues in C. elegans and other nematodes were also subjected to analysis employing the KEGG Orthology-Based Annotation System (KOBAS) (www.kobas.cbi.pku.edu.cn), which predicts the biochemical pathways in which molecules are involved.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caenorhabditis
B: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
C: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
D: theocolax elegans
E: enyo elegans (aka zodarion elegans)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The open reading frames (ORFs) inferred from selected ESTs with orthologues in C. elegans were also subjected to “secretome analysis” using the program SignalP v.2.0 www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/SignalP/), employing both the neural network and hidden Markov models to predict signal peptides and/or anchors [46]–[48].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: uronema elegans
B: bactris elegans
C: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
D: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
E: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The method established by Zhong and Sternberg [53] was used to predict the interactions for C. elegans orthologues of the L3-enriched molecules from Ascaris.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cyclostrongylus elegans
B: enyo elegans (aka zodarion elegans)
C: bactris elegans
D: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
E: uronema elegans
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brief, interaction, phenotypic, expression and gene ontology data from fruitfly, yeast, mouse and human were integrated using a naïve Bayesian model to predict genetic interactions among C. elegans genes ([45],[53]; Zhong and Sternberg, unpublished).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'fruitfly'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila <flies,subgenus> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
B: drosophila (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
C: lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) (aka lepidoptera)
D: melanogaster <flies> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <flies>)
E: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brief, interaction, phenotypic, expression and gene ontology data from fruitfly, yeast, mouse and human were integrated using a naïve Bayesian model to predict genetic interactions among C. elegans genes ([45],[53]; Zhong and Sternberg, unpublished).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
B: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
C: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
E: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brief, interaction, phenotypic, expression and gene ontology data from fruitfly, yeast, mouse and human were integrated using a naïve Bayesian model to predict genetic interactions among C. elegans genes ([45],[53]; Zhong and Sternberg, unpublished).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brief, interaction, phenotypic, expression and gene ontology data from fruitfly, yeast, mouse and human were integrated using a naïve Bayesian model to predict genetic interactions among C. elegans genes ([45],[53]; Zhong and Sternberg, unpublished).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: species
B: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
C: probles
D: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brief, interaction, phenotypic, expression and gene ontology data from fruitfly, yeast, mouse and human were integrated using a naïve Bayesian model to predict genetic interactions among C. elegans genes ([45],[53]; Zhong and Sternberg, unpublished).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cyclostrongylus elegans
B: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
C: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
D: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
E: drosophila elegans
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
To identify molecules transcribed abundantly in the L3 of A. suum, an enriched cDNA library was constructed by SSH.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: paracoccus suum
B: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
C: suillia
D: suidae (pigs (aka suidae))
E: suillus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of the 2671 (duplicate) spots, 1526 had a significant difference in hybridization between infective L3 cDNA and cDNAs from all other stages or sexes of A. suum, of which 515 had a >2.0-fold increased hybridization for the L3.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
B: maratus suae
C: suillia
D: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
E: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of 56 molecules (61.5%) with significant similarity to sequences other than A. suum in the databases interrogated, 50 (54.9%) had C. elegans or C. briggsae homologues, and six had similarity to ESTs already sequenced from ascaridoid and/or other parasitic nematodes, and/or other organisms (Table 1).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
B: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
C: suina (suiformes) (aka suina)
D: suidae (pigs (aka suidae))
E: aerococcus suis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of 56 molecules (61.5%) with significant similarity to sequences other than A. suum in the databases interrogated, 50 (54.9%) had C. elegans or C. briggsae homologues, and six had similarity to ESTs already sequenced from ascaridoid and/or other parasitic nematodes, and/or other organisms (Table 1).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aerococcus suis
B: suillia
C: maratus suae
D: paracoccus suum
E: sueus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of 56 molecules (61.5%) with significant similarity to sequences other than A. suum in the databases interrogated, 50 (54.9%) had C. elegans or C. briggsae homologues, and six had similarity to ESTs already sequenced from ascaridoid and/or other parasitic nematodes, and/or other organisms (Table 1).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bactris elegans
B: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
C: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: zodarion elegans (enyo elegans) (aka zodarion elegans)
E: caenorhabditis sp.
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of 56 molecules (61.5%) with significant similarity to sequences other than A. suum in the databases interrogated, 50 (54.9%) had C. elegans or C. briggsae homologues, and six had similarity to ESTs already sequenced from ascaridoid and/or other parasitic nematodes, and/or other organisms (Table 1).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. briggsae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tomicodon briggsi
B: caenorhabditis briggsae (rhabditis briggsae) (aka caenorhabditis briggsae)
C: cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii x cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans
D: cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii cng9
E: galactomyces britannicus (aka geotrichum candidum)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparative analysis specifically against A. suum EST data sets (n∼42,000) available in public databases confirmed independently that the majority of molecules (>60%) were present exclusively in the infective L3 stage or were orphans.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suillus indica (aka suillus indicus)
B: suarius
C: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
D: suina (suiformes) (aka suina)
E: actinomyces suis (aka actinobaculum suis)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[54], this approach was employed to predict the classification and gene function of molecules enriched in infective L3 of A. suum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suillia
B: actinobacillus suis
C: actinomyces suis (aka actinobaculum suis)
D: sueus
E: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A focused KOBAS analysis inferred the 50 C. elegans orthologues/homologues to be involved in apoptosis and insulin signaling (2%), ATP synthesis (2%), carbon metabolism (6%), fatty acid biosynthesis (2%), gap junction (2%), glucose metabolism (6%) or porphyrin metabolism (2%), although 34 (68%) of them could not be mapped to a specific metabolic pathway (Table 2).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
B: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
C: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
D: theocolax elegans
E: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functionally, 17 (34%) of the 50 molecules were associated with (non-wild-type) RNAi phenotypes in C. elegans, the majority displaying embryonic lethality (Emb) (13 types; 58.8%), larval arrest (Lva) (23.5%) and larval lethality (Lvl) (47%) (Table 2).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila elegans
B: zodarion elegans (enyo elegans) (aka zodarion elegans)
C: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: caromyxa elegans (aka mutinus elegans)
E: cyclostrongylus elegans
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Extending this analysis, a relatively complex genetic interaction network was predicted for the 17 C. elegans orthologues (i.e., with non-wild-type RNAi phenotypes) (see Table S2).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
B: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
C: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
D: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
E: theocolax elegans
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Statistically highly significant interactions were predicted for nine of the C. elegans genes; the top five interactors are displayed in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
B: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
C: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
D: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
E: caenorhabditis sp.
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The gene ontology categories for eight selected C. elegans genes (F33D11.10, F55A12.8, kin-2, mec-12, mup-2, pab-1, rpl-22 and T21B10.2) included: embryonic development, egg hatching, larval development and/or growth.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
B: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
C: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
D: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
E: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The C. elegans homologue egl-3 was predicted to be involved in proteolysis (see www.wormbase.org).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
B: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
C: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
D: uronema elegans
E: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The C. elegans homologue egl-3 was predicted to be involved in proteolysis (see www.wormbase.org).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caenorhabditis
B: cyclostrongylus elegans
C: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
D: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
E: gongylostoma elegans elegans (clausilia elegans elegans) (aka gongylostoma elegans elegans)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'All nine C. elegans orthologues were predicted to interact directly with a total of 296 (range: 5–75) other genes and, in particular, a direct genetic interaction was predicted between pab-1 and T21B10.2 (Fig. 2).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caromyxa elegans (aka mutinus elegans)
B: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
C: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: enyo elegans (aka zodarion elegans)
E: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
The present study investigated transcripts in infective L3s of A. suum using a genomic-bioinformatic platform.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. suum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: maratus suae
B: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
C: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
D: suillia
E: suarius
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The focus was on comparisons with C. elegans homologues/orthologues, because the entire genome sequence of this nematode is known [9] and because there is a wealth of information on the localization and functionality of its molecules (www.wormbase.org; http://elegans.bcgsc.bc.ca/knockout.shtml).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
B: zodarion elegans (enyo elegans) (aka zodarion elegans)
C: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
D: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
E: bactris elegans
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The functions of most genes in C. elegans have been assessed using RNAi (e.g., [14],[15],[17],[55],[56]) in the hermaphroditic stage, whereas there is a paucity of functional information available for Ascaris and other parasitic nematodes of animals', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
B: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
C: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
E: caenorhabditis
F: None of the above. | C |
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