instruction stringlengths 161 2.29k | input stringlengths 80 650 | response stringclasses 6 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results indicated enhanced bacterial uptake in J774A.1 phagocytes inoculated with serum treated B. mallei (p = .0082), compared to B. mallei alone, while heat-inactivated serum produced uptake percentages similar to those prior to serum addition (Fig. 6).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallocybe (inocybe subg. mallocybe) (aka mallocybe)
B: mallomonas papillosa
C: acinetobacter mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
D: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
E: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunoglobulin production in HK vaccinated BALB/c mice
We further characterized the ability of HK vaccination to induce a predominant IgG isotype by determining IgG2a/IgG1 ratios in i.p. and i.n. vaccinated BALB/c mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
C: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunoglobulin production in HK vaccinated BALB/c mice
We further characterized the ability of HK vaccination to induce a predominant IgG isotype by determining IgG2a/IgG1 ratios in i.p. and i.n. vaccinated BALB/c mice.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
D: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
E: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
Recent studies have shown a key role in protection from lethal challenge for IFN-γ in non-vaccinated mice from either NK and/or NKT cells following experimental exposure to B. mallei and B. pseudomallei [7,8].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: peromyscus
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
Recent studies have shown a key role in protection from lethal challenge for IFN-γ in non-vaccinated mice from either NK and/or NKT cells following experimental exposure to B. mallei and B. pseudomallei [7,8].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: inocybe subg. mallocybe (aka mallocybe)
B: erysiphe malloti
C: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
D: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
E: acinetobacter mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
Recent studies have shown a key role in protection from lethal challenge for IFN-γ in non-vaccinated mice from either NK and/or NKT cells following experimental exposure to B. mallei and B. pseudomallei [7,8].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallomonas papillosa
B: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
C: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
D: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
E: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
Recent studies have shown a key role in protection from lethal challenge for IFN-γ in non-vaccinated mice from either NK and/or NKT cells following experimental exposure to B. mallei and B. pseudomallei [7,8].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. pseudomallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: burkholderia pseudomallei 6(1960)
B: burkholderia pseudomallei strain os (aka burkholderia pseudomallei os)
C: burkholderia pseudomallei (loefflerella pseudomallei) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: burkholderia pseudomallei cms (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cms) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cms)
E: burkholderia pseudomallei strain the (aka burkholderia pseudomallei the)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A similar protective role in the innate response to infection has been demonstrated for TNF-α in B. pseudomallei infection [8].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. pseudomallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
B: burkholderia pseudomallei 5(1949)
C: burkholderia pseudomallei 6(1960)
D: burkholderia pseudomallei the (burkholderia pseudomallei strain the) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei the)
E: burkholderia pseudomallei strain cb (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cb)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The studies presented here are consistent with the essential role of these factors in the relative levels of protection conferred by vaccination with heat-killed B. pseudomallei and would appear to be viable early markers for protection from lethal acute infection [9].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. pseudomallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: burkholderia thailandensis (burkholderia pseudomallei-like species) (aka burkholderia thailandensis)
B: burkholderia pseudomallei cs (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cs) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cs)
C: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: pseudomallei group
E: burkholderia pseudomallei 6(1960)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Currently, there are no fully protective vaccines against B. mallei or B. pseudomallei in a murine model, particularly for the sensitive BALB/c versus C57BL6 models.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
B: erysiphe malloti
C: malleco
D: mallomonas papillosa
E: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Currently, there are no fully protective vaccines against B. mallei or B. pseudomallei in a murine model, particularly for the sensitive BALB/c versus C57BL6 models.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. pseudomallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
B: burkholderia pseudomallei-like species (aka burkholderia thailandensis)
C: burkholderia pseudomallei 6(1960)
D: burkholderia pseudomallei cms (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cms) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cms)
E: burkholderia pseudomallei cb (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cb) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cb)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Currently, there are no fully protective vaccines against B. mallei or B. pseudomallei in a murine model, particularly for the sensitive BALB/c versus C57BL6 models.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'murine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
B: peromyscus
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previous studies have also demonstrated that both the humoral and cell-mediated arms are essential for protection from B. pseudomallei infection [10].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. pseudomallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
B: burkholderia pseudomallei strain os (aka burkholderia pseudomallei os)
C: burkholderia pseudomallei bdu 2
D: burkholderia pseudomallei-like species (aka burkholderia thailandensis)
E: burkholderia pseudomallei strain the (aka burkholderia pseudomallei the)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thus, loss or reduction of TNF-α and IFN-γ levels result in significantly reduced survival rates, substantiating previous reports of the role of these factors in protection against B. mallei [7].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: mallomonas papillosa
C: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
D: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
E: malleco
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, we demonstrate a role for sustained TNF-α production in the maintenance of host survival throughout the course of B. mallei infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malleco
B: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
C: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
D: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: acinetobacter mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mice with an established B. mallei chronic infection rapidly lost the ability to control the growth of the bacillus upon neutralization of TNF-α.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
D: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
E: peromyscus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mice with an established B. mallei chronic infection rapidly lost the ability to control the growth of the bacillus upon neutralization of TNF-α.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
C: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
D: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
E: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mice with an established B. mallei chronic infection rapidly lost the ability to control the growth of the bacillus upon neutralization of TNF-α.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: mucilaginibacter mallensis
C: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
E: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additional studies are underway to determine more precisely the role of TNF-α in host protection to B. mallei.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
B: mallomonas papillosa
C: erysiphe malloti
D: acinetobacter mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: inocybe subg. mallocybe (aka mallocybe)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Multiple innate and adaptive cell types may contribute to the production of IFN-γ in response to infection with B. mallei following vaccination.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
C: inocybe subg. mallocybe (aka mallocybe)
D: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: mallomonas papillosa
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The effector role for IFN-γ in mediating protection against B. mallei may include both immunoregulatory and non-regulatory functions.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mucilaginibacter mallensis
B: mallocybe (inocybe subg. mallocybe) (aka mallocybe)
C: pseudomonas mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
D: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
E: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Regardless, the requirement of IFN-γ, as demonstrated by administration of neutralizing antibody prior to infection, indicates that stimulation of IFN-γ response is a desirable goal for a B. mallei vaccine.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallocybe (inocybe subg. mallocybe) (aka mallocybe)
B: erysiphe malloti
C: malleco
D: mucilaginibacter mallensis
E: loefferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similarly, B220-positive cells appear to play a role in protection following vaccination with heat-killed B. mallei.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallomonas papillosa
B: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
C: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Protection against B. pseudomallei infection by anti-LPS, capsular polysaccharide and proteins has been short-lived, suggesting that antibody production offers limited protection in the initial stages of infection by an as-yet-undefined mechanism [12].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. pseudomallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: burkholderia pseudomallei cs (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cs) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cs)
B: burkholderia pseudomallei strain os (aka burkholderia pseudomallei os)
C: burkholderia thailandensis (burkholderia pseudomallei-like species) (aka burkholderia thailandensis)
D: burkholderia pseudomallei cms (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cms) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cms)
E: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have shown that following depletion of B220+ cells, survival rates decreased as much as 100% relative to non-depleted controls and individual CD4/CD8-depleted mice via the intraperitoneal route.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results from C57BL/6 mice deficient in mature B-cells (μMT), CD4 T-cells (CD4-/-) or CD8 T-cells (CD8-/-) substantiate the requirement for B-cell involvement by evidence of μMT and CD4-/- decreased survival.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In CD4-deficient mice, we have the additional potential variable that a CD4-dependent antibody response might also be inhibited during the vaccination phase relative to mice treated with antibody immediately prior to and during the early phases of infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: peromyscus
E: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In CD4-deficient mice, we have the additional potential variable that a CD4-dependent antibody response might also be inhibited during the vaccination phase relative to mice treated with antibody immediately prior to and during the early phases of infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
B: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
C: peromyscus
D: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
E: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In CD4-deficient mice, we have the additional potential variable that a CD4-dependent antibody response might also be inhibited during the vaccination phase relative to mice treated with antibody immediately prior to and during the early phases of infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
B: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
C: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
E: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although not statistically significant, we did observe a decrease in survival in μMT (mature B cell) deficient mice as early as day 9 post challenge, whereas CD4-deficient mice produced similar results at day 32 post challenge, indicating a role for B cells independent of CD4 T cell help, perhaps through a T-independent mechanism of antibody production.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although not statistically significant, we did observe a decrease in survival in μMT (mature B cell) deficient mice as early as day 9 post challenge, whereas CD4-deficient mice produced similar results at day 32 post challenge, indicating a role for B cells independent of CD4 T cell help, perhaps through a T-independent mechanism of antibody production.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
B: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: peromyscus
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although CD8-/- C57BL/6 demonstrated no decreased survival in our HK-vaccinated model, a lack of potential endogenous protein production by HK B. mallei may have contributed to limited MHC-I presentation.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malleco
B: erysiphe malloti
C: mallomonas papillosa
D: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
E: acinetobacter mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complement associated studies revealed increased J774A.1 uptake of serum-treated B. mallei.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
B: mallocybe (inocybe subg. mallocybe) (aka mallocybe)
C: erysiphe malloti
D: loefferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complement-mediated uptake studies of B. pseudomallei by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) suggest that capsule production contributes to resistance of phagocytosis by reducing C3b bacterial deposition', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. pseudomallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: burkholderia pseudomallei 6(1960)
B: burkholderia pseudomallei 5(1949)
C: burkholderia pseudomallei cms (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cms) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cms)
D: burkholderia pseudomallei cs (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cs) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cs)
E: burkholderia pseudomallei (loefflerella pseudomallei) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previous studies have demonstrated that a polysaccharide capsule is present in B. mallei, [14,15] although in the present study enhanced uptake with serum-treated B. mallei was observed.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pfeifferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
C: malleco
D: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previous studies have demonstrated that a polysaccharide capsule is present in B. mallei, [14,15] although in the present study enhanced uptake with serum-treated B. mallei was observed.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malleco
B: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
C: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: acinetobacter mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: inocybe subg. mallocybe (aka mallocybe)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previous reports have demonstrated the ability of B. mallei to survive within macrophage without the aid of serum coating organisms [16].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
B: pseudomonas mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
C: mallomonas papillosa
D: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The current results suggest that cobra venom factor treatment may affect the modulation of the immune response to B. mallei infection through B cell activation and/or memory B cell generation.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malleco
B: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
C: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: pfeifferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The current results suggest that cobra venom factor treatment may affect the modulation of the immune response to B. mallei infection through B cell activation and/or memory B cell generation.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallomonas papillosa
B: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
C: malleco
D: erysiphe malloti
E: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
In summary, our results provide a basis for future studies of protection via vaccination using either subunit or whole-organism vaccine preparations from lethal infection in the experimental BALB/c mouse model.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
B: peromyscus
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Understanding and defining the role of B cells in adaptive B. mallei immunity will likely be fundamental to the design of an efficacious vaccine and important goals of future research.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
B: pseudomonas mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
C: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
E: malleco
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Methods
Bacterial strain and mice
B. mallei strain ATCC 23344 (China 7) was cultured on Luria-Bertani agar supplemented with 4% glycerol (LB+4%G) agar plates for 48 h at 37°C.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
E: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Methods
Bacterial strain and mice
B. mallei strain ATCC 23344 (China 7) was cultured on Luria-Bertani agar supplemented with 4% glycerol (LB+4%G) agar plates for 48 h at 37°C.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mucilaginibacter mallensis
B: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
C: erysiphe malloti
D: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
E: mallomonas papillosa
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The absence of live B. mallei organisms in the HK preparations was confirmed after plating 10% of the total inoculums (v/v) and incubating these at 37°C for 48 h.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: mallomonas papillosa
C: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
D: inocybe subg. mallocybe (aka mallocybe)
E: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Female, 6- to 8-week-old, BALB/c mice (n = 5–7) were obtained from Harlan Sprague Dawley, Inc. (Indianapolis, Indiana).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
D: peromyscus
E: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Female, 6- to 8-week-old, C57BL/6 mice deficient in mature B-cells (μMT), CD4 T-cells (CD4-/-) and CD8 T-cells (CD8-/-) and wild-type mice were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Female, 6- to 8-week-old, C57BL/6 mice deficient in mature B-cells (μMT), CD4 T-cells (CD4-/-) and CD8 T-cells (CD8-/-) and wild-type mice were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
D: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
E: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Vaccination and challenge
BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were grouped and vaccinated with 0.5 μg of HK B. mallei (without adjuvant) by i.p. injection using a 25-gauge syringe.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
B: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Vaccination and challenge
BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were grouped and vaccinated with 0.5 μg of HK B. mallei (without adjuvant) by i.p. injection using a 25-gauge syringe.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: erysiphe malloti
B: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
C: malleco
D: pfeifferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: mallomonas papillosa
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Vaccination and challenge
BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were grouped and vaccinated with 0.5 μg of HK B. mallei (without adjuvant) by i.p. injection using a 25-gauge syringe.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
B: inocybe subg. mallocybe (aka mallocybe)
C: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
D: erysiphe malloti
E: malleco
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two weeks post HK vaccination mice were injected i.p.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
C: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'with 2 × 107 CFU/100 μl of live B. mallei (~20 LD50)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
B: erysiphe malloti
C: mucilaginibacter mallensis
D: loefferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: malleco
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cell and cytokine depletions
Acute in vivo cell/cytokine depletion was performed with monoclonal rat anti-mouse CD4 (GK1.5), CD8α (53-6.7) or B220 (RA3-6B2) obtained from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN) by methods similar to those we have previously described [19].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus norvegicus albus
B: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
C: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
D: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
E: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cell and cytokine depletions
Acute in vivo cell/cytokine depletion was performed with monoclonal rat anti-mouse CD4 (GK1.5), CD8α (53-6.7) or B220 (RA3-6B2) obtained from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN) by methods similar to those we have previously described [19].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional grade purified rat anti-mouse interferon-gamma (IFN-γ, AN-18) was obtained from eBioscience (San Diego, CA) and purified anti-mouse tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α, MP6-XT3) from BD Pharmingen (San Diego, CA).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
B: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
C: rat (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
D: rattus norvegicus albus
E: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional grade purified rat anti-mouse interferon-gamma (IFN-γ, AN-18) was obtained from eBioscience (San Diego, CA) and purified anti-mouse tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α, MP6-XT3) from BD Pharmingen (San Diego, CA).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: peromyscus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional grade purified rat anti-mouse interferon-gamma (IFN-γ, AN-18) was obtained from eBioscience (San Diego, CA) and purified anti-mouse tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α, MP6-XT3) from BD Pharmingen (San Diego, CA).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
C: peromyscus
D: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'IFN-γ and TNF-α antibodies were injected i.p. 6 h prior to challenge, 200 μg per mouse in 200 μl PBS or at later time points as indicated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rat IgG isotype control was obtained from Southern Biotech (Birmingham, AL) and administered i.p.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus rattus (rattus wroughtoni) (aka rattus rattus)
B: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
C: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
D: rattus norvegicus albus
E: norway rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'on day of challenge, 200 μg/mouse.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
B: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
C: peromyscus
D: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
E: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'on day of challenge, 200 μg/mouse.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
E: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rat anti-mouse CD4, CD8α and B220 were injected i.p. twice, 1 day prior to challenge and on day of challenge, with an equivalent dosage sufficient to deplete T or B cells from 6 × 108 bone marrow cells per injection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: black rat (aka rattus rattus)
B: rattus norvegicus albus
C: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
D: brown rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rat anti-mouse CD4, CD8α and B220 were injected i.p. twice, 1 day prior to challenge and on day of challenge, with an equivalent dosage sufficient to deplete T or B cells from 6 × 108 bone marrow cells per injection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
C: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complement depletion with cobra venom factor
Mice, six to seven per group, were vaccinated i.p.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
E: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'with 1 × 105 CFU of nonviable B. mallei cell preparation in a total volume of 0.1 ml.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malleco
B: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
C: mallocybe (inocybe subg. mallocybe) (aka mallocybe)
D: burkholderia mallei (actinobacillus mallei) (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two weeks later, 24 h and 1 h before challenge, complement depleted mice were treated i.p. with 12.5 units total cobra venom factor (Quidel Corporation Speciality Products, San Diego, CA) in 0.1 ml of PBS.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: peromyscus
E: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complement depletion was confirmed prior to challenge by micro-titer hemolytic complement activity (CH50) assay as previously described [20].
B. mallei J774A.1 uptake assays
J774A.1 cells were seeded (5 × 105) onto Corning costar 24 well plates (Corning, NY) with DMEM and incubated overnight at 37°C with 5% CO2.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mucilaginibacter mallensis
B: actinobacillus mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
C: malleco
D: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
E: erysiphe malloti
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Bacterial suspensions were incubated at 37°C for 45 minutes supplemented with 2% mouse serum from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO.), heat inactivated mouse serum (56°C 30 minutes), or bacteria alone and then added at an MOI of 10:1 to J774A.1 cells in triplicate.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: peromyscus
E: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Bacterial suspensions were incubated at 37°C for 45 minutes supplemented with 2% mouse serum from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO.), heat inactivated mouse serum (56°C 30 minutes), or bacteria alone and then added at an MOI of 10:1 to J774A.1 cells in triplicate.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
B: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
C: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antibodies used for analysis of surface markers included: FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2, BD Pharmingen San Diego, CA) for B cells; FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD8α (53-6.7) and CD4 (GK1.5, BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA) for CD8+ or CD4+ cells, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
B: rattus norvegicus albus
C: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
D: rattus rattus (rattus wroughtoni) (aka rattus rattus)
E: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antibodies used for analysis of surface markers included: FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2, BD Pharmingen San Diego, CA) for B cells; FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD8α (53-6.7) and CD4 (GK1.5, BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA) for CD8+ or CD4+ cells, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antibodies used for analysis of surface markers included: FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2, BD Pharmingen San Diego, CA) for B cells; FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD8α (53-6.7) and CD4 (GK1.5, BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA) for CD8+ or CD4+ cells, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
C: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antibodies used for analysis of surface markers included: FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2, BD Pharmingen San Diego, CA) for B cells; FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD8α (53-6.7) and CD4 (GK1.5, BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA) for CD8+ or CD4+ cells, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
B: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
C: rattus norvegicus (rats (aka rattus norvegicus))
D: rattus norvegicus albus
E: rats (aka rattus) (aka rattus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antibodies used for analysis of surface markers included: FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2, BD Pharmingen San Diego, CA) for B cells; FITC-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD8α (53-6.7) and CD4 (GK1.5, BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA) for CD8+ or CD4+ cells, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Samples evaluated for CD4+ and CD8α+ cells were also incubated with biotin-conjugated hamster anti-mouse CD3e (145-2C11) monoclonal antibody (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA) and subsequently with streptavidin APC Cy7.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
B: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
C: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antibody assays
Immunoglobulin subclass IgG1 and IgG2a titers in mice were determined by a whole bacterial cell ELISA performed in 96-well, Immulon 2 HB, round-bottom plates (Dynex Technologies).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'B. mallei antigen was diluted in 0.1 M carbonate buffer (pH 9.5) and 50 μl of diluted cells placed into wells.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. mallei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
B: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
C: mallomonas papillosa
D: loefferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: mucilaginibacter mallensis
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The plates were washed with washing solution (1× PBS, 0.05% Tween 20), and incubated with 100 μl of blocking solution (1× PBS, 1% bovine serum albumin, 0.05% Tween 20) for 1 h at 37°C.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos sp.
B: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
C: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
D: bovinae
E: bovidae
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Dilutions of mouse sera were made with blocking solution in duplicate and plates were incubated for 1 h at 37°C.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
D: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Following incubation, plates were washed and 50 μl of anti-Ig-horseradish peroxidase subclass conjugate, diluted accordingly to manufacturer's instructions (Southern Biotechnology Associates, Inc.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'horseradish'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: carrhenes
B: horseradish (aka armoracia rusticana)
C: rosa virginiana
D: rosa horrida
E: randia ferox (gardenia ferox) (aka randia ferox)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mapping irradiation hybrids to cosmid and yeast artificial chromosome libraries by direct hybridization of Alu-PCR products.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
C: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
D: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abstract
A direct hybridization protocol is described for screening cosmid and yeast artificial chromosome libraries with pools of Alu-PCR products from somatic cell or irradiation hybrids.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: saccharomyceta
C: saccharomyces sp.
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abstract
A direct hybridization protocol is described for screening cosmid and yeast artificial chromosome libraries with pools of Alu-PCR products from somatic cell or irradiation hybrids.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
C: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
D: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A series of human X chromosome irradiation hybrids were mapped by this method, using a cosmid reference library for comparisons between overlapping hybrids to identify interesting clones for further analysis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: this
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: probles
D: macrobiotus sapiens
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Images
Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 19, No. 12 3315
Mapping irradiation hybrids to cosmid and yeast artificial chromosome libraries by direct hybridization of Alu-PCR products
Anthony P.Monaco*, Veronica M.S.Lam2, Gunther Zehetner, Gregory G.Lennon, Christal Douglas, Dean Nizetic, Peter N.Goodfellow1 and Hans Lehrach
Genome Analysis Laboratory and 'Molecular Human Genetics Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK and 2Department of Biochemistry, Li Shu Fan Building, Sassoon Road, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Received March 12, 1991; Revised and Accepted May 16, 1991
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
B: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
D: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'ABSTRACT
A direct hybridization protocol is described for screening cosmid and yeast artificial chromosome libraries with pools of Alu-PCR products from somatic cell or irradiation hybrids.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
C: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
D: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
E: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A series of human X chromosome irradiation hybrids were mapped by this method, using a cosmid reference library for comparisons between overlapping hybrids to identify interesting clones for further analysis.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: probles
C: species
D: macrobiotus sapiens
E: primate (aka primates)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'INTRODUCTION
The generation of human DNA probes specific for individual chromosomes and subregions of chromosomes has been advanced with Alu-sequence primed polymerase chain reaction amplification (Alu-PCR, 1-3).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: macrobiotus sapiens
C: kingdom
D: suborder
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This method specifically amplifies sequences between Alu repeats from human DNA in somatic cell hybrids and yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs, 4).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: suborder
C: kingdom
D: humans (aka homo)
E: species
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This method specifically amplifies sequences between Alu repeats from human DNA in somatic cell hybrids and yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs, 4).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
B: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomycodes
D: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two new human specific Alu primers were used to generate DNA probes from a series of irradiation-reduced hybrids containing multiple human X chromosome fragments of 1-2000 kb on a hamster chromosome background (5; P.N.G., unpublished).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: species
D: suborder
E: probles
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two new human specific Alu primers were used to generate DNA probes from a series of irradiation-reduced hybrids containing multiple human X chromosome fragments of 1-2000 kb on a hamster chromosome background (5; P.N.G., unpublished).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
C: probles
D: kingdom
E: species
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Alu-PCR products were hybridized as a pool of probes to X-specific cosmid and YAC libraries, after
competitive reassociation with an excess of human DNA to both the library filters and radioactively labelled Alu-PCR products.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: primate (aka primates)
C: suborder
D: kingdom
E: birds (aka aves)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Alu-PCR products were hybridized as a pool of probes to X-specific cosmid and YAC libraries, after
competitive reassociation with an excess of human DNA to both the library filters and radioactively labelled Alu-PCR products.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: suborder
B: probles
C: genus
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: mammals (aka mammalia)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'METHODS
Two human Alu sequence primers were generated which were shown to be human specific; 3144 from the 3' end of Alu: 5'-GAGCGAGACTCCGTCTCAAA-3' and 2729 from the 5' end of Alu: 5'-GTGGATCACCTGAGGTCAGGAGTTC-3'.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: macrobiotus sapiens
B: primate (aka primates)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: probles
E: animals (aka metazoa)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'METHODS
Two human Alu sequence primers were generated which were shown to be human specific; 3144 from the 3' end of Alu: 5'-GAGCGAGACTCCGTCTCAAA-3' and 2729 from the 5' end of Alu: 5'-GTGGATCACCTGAGGTCAGGAGTTC-3'.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: this
B: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
C: probles
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Chinese hamster DNA and no DNA PCR reactions were done to control for non-human products (data not shown).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'chinese hamster'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ciscaucasian hamster (aka mesocricetus raddei)
B: chinese hamsters (aka cricetulus griseus)
C: cricetus cricetus (black-bellied hamster) (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: hamsters (aka cricetinae)
E: grey hamster (aka nothocricetulus migratorius)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Chinese hamster DNA and no DNA PCR reactions were done to control for non-human products (data not shown).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: humans (aka homo)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: primate (aka primates)
D: birds (aka aves)
E: probles
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The radioactively labelled pool of fragments was prehybridized with 37.5 ,^g of total human DNA and 12.5 tsg of hamster DNA immobilized on a cellulose support matrix, prepared as previously described (7).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: genus
B: kingdom
C: species
D: this
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'I I
Figur 2a and 2b: Hybridization of Alu-PCR products generated with Alu primer 3144 from irradiation hybrid 48 to duplicate copies of 22 x22cm filters containing 9216 human X chromosome cosmids (8).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: kingdom
B: genus
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: this
E: species
F: None of the above. | C |
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