instruction stringlengths 161 2.29k | input stringlengths 80 650 | response stringclasses 6 values |
|---|---|---|
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although the amino acid sequences encoded by mEAR-1 and mEAR-2 match those of tryptic peptides derived from murine eosinophil proteins (15), the homology data do not stand in overwhelming support of a unique relationship between any of the mR cluster ribonucleases and the human eosinophil ribonucleases EDN and ECP.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'murine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
B: peromyscus
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
E: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although the amino acid sequences encoded by mEAR-1 and mEAR-2 match those of tryptic peptides derived from murine eosinophil proteins (15), the homology data do not stand in overwhelming support of a unique relationship between any of the mR cluster ribonucleases and the human eosinophil ribonucleases EDN and ECP.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: genus
C: macrobiotus sapiens
D: mammals (aka mammalia)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The existence of an additional, as yet unidentified human ribonuclease (or ribonucleases) more closely related to those of the mR cluster cannot be ruled out.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: humans (aka homo)
C: probles
D: suborder
E: genus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'On this point, a number of studies have suggested a distinct role for the human ribonuclease ECP in eosinophil-mediated host defense (6,7); in addition, we have recently shown that eosinophil ribonucleases can inhibit retroviral transduction of human target cells (23).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: probles
B: mammals (aka mammalia)
C: primate (aka primates)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'On this point, a number of studies have suggested a distinct role for the human ribonuclease ECP in eosinophil-mediated host defense (6,7); in addition, we have recently shown that eosinophil ribonucleases can inhibit retroviral transduction of human target cells (23).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mammals (aka mammalia)
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: genus
D: this
E: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular polymorphism, differentiation and introgression in the period gene between Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani
Abstract
Background
Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) are important and very closely related vector species of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, which are distinguishable by a few morphological differences.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: berzelia intermedia
B: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: miliusa intermedia
D: vellozia intermedia
E: diplodia intermedia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular polymorphism, differentiation and introgression in the period gene between Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani
Abstract
Background
Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) are important and very closely related vector species of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, which are distinguishable by a few morphological differences.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: orobdella whitmani
B: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
C: bavayia whitakeri
D: metrosideros whitakeri
E: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular polymorphism, differentiation and introgression in the period gene between Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani
Abstract
Background
Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) are important and very closely related vector species of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, which are distinguishable by a few morphological differences.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: metrosideros whitakeri
B: allowoodsonia whitmorei
C: lutzomyia walkeri
D: bavayia whitakeri
E: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular polymorphism, differentiation and introgression in the period gene between Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani
Abstract
Background
Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) are important and very closely related vector species of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, which are distinguishable by a few morphological differences.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: vellozia intermedia
C: minuartia intermedia
D: enerthenema intermedium
E: boykinia intermedia
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular polymorphism, differentiation and introgression in the period gene between Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani
Abstract
Background
Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) are important and very closely related vector species of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, which are distinguishable by a few morphological differences.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: orobdella whitmani
B: psolidium whittakeri
C: chionodes whitmanella
D: plagiostomum whitmani
E: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Introgression might be occurring between L. intermedia and L. whitmani in period, a gene controlling behavioral rhythms in Drosophila.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mancinella intermedia
B: licuala intermedia
C: vellozia intermedia
D: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
E: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Introgression might be occurring between L. intermedia and L. whitmani in period, a gene controlling behavioral rhythms in Drosophila.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chtonobdella whitmani (geobdella whitmani) (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
B: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
C: orobdella whitmani
D: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: somalicharmus whitmanae
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Background
The Phlebotominae sand flies Lutzomyia intermedia Lutz & Neiva 1912 and Lutzomyia whitmani Antunes & Coutinho 1912 are vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: harttiella intermedia
B: diplodia intermedia
C: jungermannia intermedia (aka frullania intermedia)
D: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: berzelia intermedia
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Background
The Phlebotominae sand flies Lutzomyia intermedia Lutz & Neiva 1912 and Lutzomyia whitmani Antunes & Coutinho 1912 are vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: diatrype whitmanensis
B: psolidium whittakeri
C: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
D: sonerila whittyi
E: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This was particularly interesting because apparently, only lineages of L. whitmani sympatric with L. intermedia have been involved in cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in the peridomestic environment', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
B: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: chionodes whitmanella
D: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
E: leishmania killicki
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This was particularly interesting because apparently, only lineages of L. whitmani sympatric with L. intermedia have been involved in cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in the peridomestic environment', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: harttiella intermedia
B: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: oldenburgia intermedia
D: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
E: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This circadian clock gene was originally identified using mutagenesis by Konopka and Benzer [11], but is also known to control the differences in the "lovesong" rhythms between D. melanogaster and D. simulans', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'd. melanogaster'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila <basidiomycete fungi> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
B: melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
C: drosophila melanogaster (sophophora melanogaster) (aka drosophila melanogaster)
D: drosophila <flies,subgenus> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
E: hawaiian drosophila
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This circadian clock gene was originally identified using mutagenesis by Konopka and Benzer [11], but is also known to control the differences in the "lovesong" rhythms between D. melanogaster and D. simulans', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'd. simulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: paramollugo simulans
B: drosophila <basidiomycete fungi> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
C: drosophila melanogaster x drosophila simulans
D: drosophila simulans
E: parasteatoda simulans
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This circadian clock gene was originally identified using mutagenesis by Konopka and Benzer [11], but is also known to control the differences in the "lovesong" rhythms between D. melanogaster and D. simulans', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'd. simulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila similis
B: crassula simulans
C: drosophila similis similis
D: drosophila melanogaster x drosophila simulans
E: melanogaster <flies> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <flies>)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'per is thus a particularly interesting marker, among the few available, for an introgression analysis in L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mancinella intermedia
B: vellozia intermedia
C: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
E: oldenburgia intermedia
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'per is thus a particularly interesting marker, among the few available, for an introgression analysis in L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: spiniraja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
C: calamus whitmorei
D: chionodes whitmanella
E: leishmania killicki
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the current study, we analyzed the molecular variation within the per gene of L. intermedia and L. whitmani in five different localities in Eastern Brazil.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
B: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
D: leptophlebia intermedia
E: licuala intermedia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the current study, we analyzed the molecular variation within the per gene of L. intermedia and L. whitmani in five different localities in Eastern Brazil.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chionodes whitmanella
B: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
C: dipturus whitleyi (spiniraja whitleyi) (aka dipturus whitleyi)
D: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
E: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Polymorphism and divergence between L. intermedia and L. whitmani
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
C: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
D: harttiella intermedia
E: mancinella intermedia
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Polymorphism and divergence between L. intermedia and L. whitmani
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chionodes whitmanella
B: plagiostomum whitmani
C: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
D: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
E: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A total of 68 sequences from L. intermedia and 53 from L. whitmani homologue to a fragment of the period gene were analyzed from populations of five localities in Eastern Brazil (Fig 1).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oldenburgia intermedia
B: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
D: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
E: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A total of 68 sequences from L. intermedia and 53 from L. whitmani homologue to a fragment of the period gene were analyzed from populations of five localities in Eastern Brazil (Fig 1).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: somalicharmus whitmanae
B: plagiostomum whitmani
C: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Within each species, all populations present similar levels of polymorphism with the exception of L. whitmani from Ilhéus, which seems to be less polymorphic than the others.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
B: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
C: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
D: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: somalicharmus whitmanae
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Table 3 shows a more detailed analysis of the intraspecific differentiation among populations of L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leptonema intermedium
B: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
C: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
D: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: harttiella intermedia
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Table 3 shows a more detailed analysis of the intraspecific differentiation among populations of L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leptophlebia intermedia
B: oldenburgia intermedia
C: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
D: vellozia intermedia
E: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Table 3 shows a more detailed analysis of the intraspecific differentiation among populations of L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: calamus whitmorei
B: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
D: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
E: spiniraja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'None of the pairwise and overall fixation indexes (Fst) are significant in the case of L. intermedia and only one (Posse × Ilhéus) has a borderline significant value in L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
B: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
C: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: mancinella intermedia
E: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'None of the pairwise and overall fixation indexes (Fst) are significant in the case of L. intermedia and only one (Posse × Ilhéus) has a borderline significant value in L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
B: leishmania killicki
C: plagiostomum whitmani
D: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
E: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The estimated number of migrants per generation, based on the overall Fst values, is 20.683 for L. intermedia and 23.125 for L. whitmani.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: leptonema intermedium
C: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
D: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
E: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The estimated number of migrants per generation, based on the overall Fst values, is 20.683 for L. intermedia and 23.125 for L. whitmani.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: somalicharmus whitmanae
B: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
C: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In fact, there is one shared haplotype between the two species (IPO13, WPO10 and WPO19) and three L. whitmani sequences (WAC02, WPO13 and WPO14) which show only one nucleotide difference to "typical" L. intermedia haplotypes (see also below).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
B: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
C: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
D: somalicharmus whitmanae
E: leishmania killicki
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In fact, there is one shared haplotype between the two species (IPO13, WPO10 and WPO19) and three L. whitmani sequences (WAC02, WPO13 and WPO14) which show only one nucleotide difference to "typical" L. intermedia haplotypes (see also below).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leptonema intermedium
B: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: mancinella intermedia
D: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
E: harttiella intermedia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Genealogy of period sequences
A phylogenetic analysis of the period gene sequences from L. intermedia and L. whitmani was carried out with the Minimum Evolution method using the Kimura 2-parameter distance (Fig 3).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: licuala intermedia
B: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
C: mancinella intermedia
D: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
E: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Genealogy of period sequences
A phylogenetic analysis of the period gene sequences from L. intermedia and L. whitmani was carried out with the Minimum Evolution method using the Kimura 2-parameter distance (Fig 3).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
B: calamus whitmorei
C: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: orobdella whitmani
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A sequence from L. umbratilis, a related species from the same subgenus Nyssomyia, was used as outgroup [24].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. umbratilis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) umbratilis (aka nyssomyia umbratilis)
B: alburnus umbratilis (aka lythrurus umbratilis)
C: uca (minuca) umbratila (aka leptuca umbratila)
D: aporus (neoplaniceps) umbratilis (aka aporus umbratilis)
E: rhinomyias umbratilis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A sequence from L. umbratilis, a related species from the same subgenus Nyssomyia, was used as outgroup [24].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. umbratilis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dipoena umbratilis (euryopis umbratilis) (aka dipoena umbratilis)
B: apogonichthyoides umbratilis
C: mertensia umbratilis
D: henosepilachna umbratilis (epilachna umbratilis) (aka henosepilachna umbratilis)
E: leptuca umbratila (uca (minuca) umbratila) (aka leptuca umbratila)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The tree shows L. intermedia and L. whitmani as non-monophyletic.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
B: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: oldenburgia intermedia
D: leptonema intermedium
E: harttiella intermedia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The tree shows L. intermedia and L. whitmani as non-monophyletic.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: plagiostomum whitmani
B: calamus whitmorei
C: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
D: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: chionodes whitmanella
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, despite the low bootstrap values, which are below 50% in most cases, there is a large group that contains most L. intermedia sequences and a second large group with most L. whitmani sequences.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
B: leptonema intermedium
C: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
D: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, despite the low bootstrap values, which are below 50% in most cases, there is a large group that contains most L. intermedia sequences and a second large group with most L. whitmani sequences.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: plagiostomum whitmani
B: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
C: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
D: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
E: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is interesting to note that there are three L. whitmani alleles (WAC2, WPO13 and WPO14) inside L. intermedia main group, as well as one L. intermedia allele (ICP16) inside the L. whitmani main group.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
B: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
C: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
D: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
E: chionodes whitmanella
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is interesting to note that there are three L. whitmani alleles (WAC2, WPO13 and WPO14) inside L. intermedia main group, as well as one L. intermedia allele (ICP16) inside the L. whitmani main group.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
B: leptonema intermedium
C: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
D: mancinella intermedia
E: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is interesting to note that there are three L. whitmani alleles (WAC2, WPO13 and WPO14) inside L. intermedia main group, as well as one L. intermedia allele (ICP16) inside the L. whitmani main group.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: licuala intermedia
B: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
C: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
E: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is interesting to note that there are three L. whitmani alleles (WAC2, WPO13 and WPO14) inside L. intermedia main group, as well as one L. intermedia allele (ICP16) inside the L. whitmani main group.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
B: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
D: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
E: leishmania killicki
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, a second L. intermedia allele (IPO13) is a shared haplotype between the two species as mentioned above.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
C: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
D: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
E: leptophlebia intermedia
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We did not observed major changes in the genealogy of the L. intermedia and L. whitmani per sequences, especially regarding the five haplotypes (ICP16, IPO13, WAC2, WPO13 and WPO14) that clearly cluster with sequences of the other species (data not shown).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: vellozia intermedia
B: lactobacillus intermedius ('lactobacillus intermedius') (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
C: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
E: harttiella intermedia
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We did not observed major changes in the genealogy of the L. intermedia and L. whitmani per sequences, especially regarding the five haplotypes (ICP16, IPO13, WAC2, WPO13 and WPO14) that clearly cluster with sequences of the other species (data not shown).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
B: harttiella intermedia
C: oldenburgia intermedia
D: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
E: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We did not observed major changes in the genealogy of the L. intermedia and L. whitmani per sequences, especially regarding the five haplotypes (ICP16, IPO13, WAC2, WPO13 and WPO14) that clearly cluster with sequences of the other species (data not shown).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leishmania killicki
B: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
C: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
D: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: orobdella whitmani
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The haplotype network shows connections between sequences from each species, separating most of the sequences of L. intermedia and L. whitmani in two groups.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
C: oldenburgia intermedia
D: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
E: vellozia intermedia
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The haplotype network shows connections between sequences from each species, separating most of the sequences of L. intermedia and L. whitmani in two groups.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leishmania killicki
B: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: somalicharmus whitmanae
E: plagiostomum whitmani
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Once again, some of the L. whitmani sequences (WAC2, WAC10, WPO13 and WPO14) appear more closely related to L. intermedia haplotypes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chionodes whitmanella
B: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
C: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
D: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
E: plagiostomum whitmani
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Once again, some of the L. whitmani sequences (WAC2, WAC10, WPO13 and WPO14) appear more closely related to L. intermedia haplotypes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: licuala intermedia
B: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
D: vellozia intermedia
E: mancinella intermedia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, one L. intermedia allele (ICP16) is connected by a small number of mutations to some of the main L. whitmani haplotypes and IPO13 is a shared haplotype between the two species.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
B: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: leptonema intermedium
D: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
E: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, one L. intermedia allele (ICP16) is connected by a small number of mutations to some of the main L. whitmani haplotypes and IPO13 is a shared haplotype between the two species.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
C: chionodes whitmanella
D: calamus whitmorei
E: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'LD test of introgression
We tested the hypothesis of gene flow between L. intermedia and L. whitmani using a method based on linkage disequilibrium (LD) developed by Machado et al.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
B: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
D: licuala intermedia
E: leptophlebia intermedia
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'LD test of introgression
We tested the hypothesis of gene flow between L. intermedia and L. whitmani using a method based on linkage disequilibrium (LD) developed by Machado et al.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: somalicharmus whitmanae
B: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
D: calamus whitmorei
E: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, we carried out the LD test of introgression between each pair of sympatric populations of L. intermedia and L. whitmani from the localities of Posse, Afonso Claudio and Corte de Pedra.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leptonema intermedium
B: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
D: oldenburgia intermedia
E: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, we carried out the LD test of introgression between each pair of sympatric populations of L. intermedia and L. whitmani from the localities of Posse, Afonso Claudio and Corte de Pedra.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: licuala intermedia
B: leptophlebia intermedia
C: leptonema intermedium
D: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
E: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, we carried out the LD test of introgression between each pair of sympatric populations of L. intermedia and L. whitmani from the localities of Posse, Afonso Claudio and Corte de Pedra.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
B: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
D: somalicharmus whitmanae
E: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although no significant values were found for the smaller samples of Afonso Claudio and Corte de Pedra, the results (Table 5) present evidence for introgression in the period gene in both directions (from L. intermedia to L. whitmani and vice-versa) in the locality of Posse.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
B: licuala intermedia
C: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
D: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: vellozia intermedia
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although no significant values were found for the smaller samples of Afonso Claudio and Corte de Pedra, the results (Table 5) present evidence for introgression in the period gene in both directions (from L. intermedia to L. whitmani and vice-versa) in the locality of Posse.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: plagiostomum whitmani
C: orobdella whitmani
D: leishmania killicki
E: calamus whitmorei
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Isolation with Migration model
To further examine the gene flow between L. intermedia and L. whitmani we used the IM software [39].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: vellozia intermedia
B: leptonema intermedium
C: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
D: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
E: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Isolation with Migration model
To further examine the gene flow between L. intermedia and L. whitmani we used the IM software [39].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
B: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: orobdella whitmani
D: chionodes whitmanella
E: somalicharmus whitmanae
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Maximum likelihood estimates of migration parameters revealed a non-zero value for both species, m1 = 1.398 and m2 = 1.014 (m1 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia; m2 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
B: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: chionodes whitmanella
D: calamus whitmorei
E: chtonobdella whitmani (geobdella whitmani) (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Maximum likelihood estimates of migration parameters revealed a non-zero value for both species, m1 = 1.398 and m2 = 1.014 (m1 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia; m2 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: licuala intermedia
B: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: leptonema intermedium
D: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
E: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Maximum likelihood estimates of migration parameters revealed a non-zero value for both species, m1 = 1.398 and m2 = 1.014 (m1 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia; m2 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spiniraja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
B: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: calamus whitmorei
D: orobdella whitmani
E: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Maximum likelihood estimates of migration parameters revealed a non-zero value for both species, m1 = 1.398 and m2 = 1.014 (m1 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia; m2 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mancinella intermedia
B: licuala intermedia
C: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
D: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: harttiella intermedia
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fig 5 shows the posterior distributions for migration rates and reveals a null probability for the absence of migration from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spiniraja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
B: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: calamus whitmorei
E: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fig 5 shows the posterior distributions for migration rates and reveals a null probability for the absence of migration from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
B: dipturus whitleyi (spiniraja whitleyi) (aka dipturus whitleyi)
C: orobdella whitmani
D: calamus whitmorei
E: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fig 5 shows the posterior distributions for migration rates and reveals a null probability for the absence of migration from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: mancinella intermedia
C: leptonema intermedium
D: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
E: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
There is some evidence that L. intermedia and L. whitmani might represent sibling-species complexes in Brazil.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mancinella intermedia
B: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
C: leptonema intermedium
D: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
There is some evidence that L. intermedia and L. whitmani might represent sibling-species complexes in Brazil.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
B: plagiostomum whitmani
C: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: chtonobdella whitmani (geobdella whitmani) (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
E: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lutzomyia neivai Pinto 1926, a sibling of L. intermedia is found in parts of Southern and Western Brazil and some other countries of South America', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia neivai'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia hartmanni (lutzomyia (helcocyrtomyia) hartmanni) (aka lutzomyia hartmanni)
B: miconia neei
C: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) neivai (aka nyssomyia neivai)
D: stayneria neilii
E: freziera neei
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lutzomyia neivai Pinto 1926, a sibling of L. intermedia is found in parts of Southern and Western Brazil and some other countries of South America', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: lactobacillus intermedius ('lactobacillus intermedius') (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
C: leptophlebia intermedia
D: leptonema intermedium
E: harttiella intermedia
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the case of L. whitmani, mitochondrial data [3,6] indicates three main lineages in Brazil: an Amazonian group, a North-South group and a Northeast group.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: orobdella whitmani
C: calamus whitmorei
D: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
E: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We did not find strong evidence of a geographical differentiation in the period gene among populations of L. whitmani although one of the pairwise Fst comparisons (Posse × Ilhéus) was significant at the 5% level.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: chionodes whitmanella
C: calamus whitmorei
D: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
E: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When we compare L. intermedia and L. whitmani, we find a highly significant Fst value (0.3373), which is however smaller than that observed for the period gene between sympatric siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Fst = 0.3952)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lactobacillus intermedius ('lactobacillus intermedius') (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
B: leptophlebia intermedia
C: oldenburgia intermedia
D: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
E: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When we compare L. intermedia and L. whitmani, we find a highly significant Fst value (0.3373), which is however smaller than that observed for the period gene between sympatric siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Fst = 0.3952)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
B: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
D: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: orobdella whitmani
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When we compare L. intermedia and L. whitmani, we find a highly significant Fst value (0.3373), which is however smaller than that observed for the period gene between sympatric siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Fst = 0.3952)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia longipalpis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: phlebotomus longipalpis (aka lutzomyia longipalpis)
B: microleon longipalpis
C: psorophora longipalpus
D: microleon longipalpus
E: leicesteria longipalpis (aka armigeres longipalpis)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When we compare L. intermedia and L. whitmani, we find a highly significant Fst value (0.3373), which is however smaller than that observed for the period gene between sympatric siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Fst = 0.3952)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lutzomyia longipalpis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: microleon longipalpis
B: phyllomyza longipalpis (neophyllomyza longipalpis) (aka phyllomyza longipalpis)
C: microleon longipalpus
D: stegomyia longipalpis (aka aedes longipalpis)
E: anopheles longipalpis (myzomyia longipalpis) (aka anopheles longipalpis)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, despite the presence of diagnostic morphological characters to identify L. intermedia and L. whitmani [1] the level of molecular divergence in period is not as high as the cryptic L. longipalpis siblings.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
B: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
C: mancinella intermedia
D: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: harttiella intermedia
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, despite the presence of diagnostic morphological characters to identify L. intermedia and L. whitmani [1] the level of molecular divergence in period is not as high as the cryptic L. longipalpis siblings.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: somalicharmus whitmanae
B: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
D: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
E: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, despite the presence of diagnostic morphological characters to identify L. intermedia and L. whitmani [1] the level of molecular divergence in period is not as high as the cryptic L. longipalpis siblings.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. longipalpis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lomanius longipalpus longipalpus
B: lutzomyia longipalpis (phlebotomus longipalpis) (aka lutzomyia longipalpis)
C: lizard leishmania
D: thevenetimyia longipalpus (eclimus longipalpis) (aka thevenetimyia longipalpus)
E: microleon longipalpis
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[38] as well as simulations that fit the "Isolation with Migration" model to the data suggest that L. intermedia and L. whitmani might be exchanging alleles at the per locus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
B: harttiella intermedia
C: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: mancinella intermedia
E: leptonema intermedium
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[38] as well as simulations that fit the "Isolation with Migration" model to the data suggest that L. intermedia and L. whitmani might be exchanging alleles at the per locus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
B: chionodes whitmanella
C: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
D: plagiostomum whitmani
E: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Introgression of genes that control adaptation to particular types of environment can also have a major impact on the spread of vector-borne diseases as was proposed for the major African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae [41].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'anopheles gambiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: anopheles gambiae s (aka anopheles gambiae)
B: anopheles minor
C: anopheles (aka anopheles <genus>)
D: gambiae species complex
E: anopheles <subgenus> (anopheles) (aka anopheles <subgenus>)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[42] found a kdr mutation responsible for pyrethroid resistance in the Mopti form of Anopheles gambiae, a normally susceptible taxon of this species complex.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'anopheles gambiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: anopheles gambiae x anopheles arabiensis
B: anopheles (aka anopheles <genus>)
C: anopheles arabiensis
D: anopheles <subgenus> (anopheles) (aka anopheles <subgenus>)
E: anopheles gambiae s (aka anopheles gambiae)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although L. intermedia and L. whitmani are closely related and only distinguished by a few morphological differences, they do show differentiation in some other important traits.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lactobacillus intermedius ('lactobacillus intermedius') (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
B: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
C: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
D: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: leptonema intermedium
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although L. intermedia and L. whitmani are closely related and only distinguished by a few morphological differences, they do show differentiation in some other important traits.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: chionodes whitmanella
C: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
D: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
E: orobdella whitmani
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. intermedia is more abundant in the summer while L. whitmani is more frequent in the winter months', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
B: leptonema intermedium
C: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
D: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: licuala intermedia
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. intermedia is more abundant in the summer while L. whitmani is more frequent in the winter months', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leptonema intermedium
B: mancinella intermedia
C: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
D: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
E: harttiella intermedia
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. intermedia is more abundant in the summer while L. whitmani is more frequent in the winter months', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: chionodes whitmanella
C: leishmania killicki
D: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
E: orobdella whitmani
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They also show differences in microhabitat preferences, L. intermedia being more common in the peridomestic area while L. whitmani is found mainly in the surrounding forest [2].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
B: licuala intermedia
C: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
E: vellozia intermedia
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They also show differences in microhabitat preferences, L. intermedia being more common in the peridomestic area while L. whitmani is found mainly in the surrounding forest [2].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. whitmani'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: somalicharmus whitmanae
B: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
C: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
D: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: calamus whitmorei
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, the two species show marked differences in their tendencies to bite humans in the early morning, with L. whitmani showing higher feeding rates than L. intermedia', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'humans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hominoidea (apes (aka hominoidea))
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: primate (aka primates)
D: humans (aka homo)
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | B |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.