instruction stringlengths 209 946 | input stringlengths 96 1.45k | response stringlengths 3 12 |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Antimalarial drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in India: changes over time and space.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [plasmodium falciparum]
<Options>: A: plasmodium
B: plasmodium polare
C: plasmodium bubalis
D: plasmodium (laverania) falciparum (aka plasmodium falciparum)
E: plasmodium malariae
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine was first reported in 1973 and increases in antimalarial resistance, along with rapid urbanisation and labour migration, complicated the challenge that India's large geographical area and population size already pose for malaria control.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [plasmodium falciparum]
<Options>: A: plasmodium chabaudi
B: plasmodium falciparum (plasmodium (laverania) falciparum) (aka plasmodium falciparum)
C: malaria parasite p. ovale (aka plasmodium ovale)
D: plasmodium mexicanum
E: plasmodium berghei
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We did a systematic review of P falciparum malaria drug-efficacy studies in India to summarise drug-resistance data and describe changes over the past 30 years to inform future policy.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [p falciparum]
<Options>: A: plasmodium falciparum (plasmodium (laverania) falciparum) (aka plasmodium falciparum)
B: malaria parasite p. vivax (aka plasmodium vivax)
C: plasmodium mexicanum
D: plasmodium malariae
E: plasmodium fieldi
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Continued use of chloroquine for treatment of P falciparum malaria in India will likely be ineffective.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [p falciparum]
<Options>: A: plasmodium berghei
B: plasmodium (laverania) falciparum (aka plasmodium falciparum)
C: plasmodium fieldi
D: plasmodium malariae
E: plasmodium polare
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Resistance to sulfa-pyrimethamine should be closely monitored to protect the effectiveness of treatment with artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, which is the new first-line treatment for P falciparum malaria.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [p falciparum]
<Options>: A: plasmodium fragile
B: plasmodium chabaudi
C: plasmodium polare
D: plasmodium (laverania) falciparum (aka plasmodium falciparum)
E: plasmodium
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fluorescent protein fusions in Candida guilliermondii.
Candida guilliermondii is an emerging fungal agent of candidiasis often associated with oncology patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [candida guilliermondii]
<Options>: A: pichia gilliermondii (aka meyerozyma guilliermondii)
B: dacrydium guillauminii
C: gaertnera guillotii
D: mucor guilliermondii
E: candida famata (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This yeast also remains a promising biotechnological model for the industrial production of value-added metabolites.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomycodes
B: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
C: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
D: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
E: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We demonstrated that C. guilliermondii phosphoglycerate kinase transcription-regulating sequences allow a constitutive expression of codon-optimized green, cyan, yellow and mCherry FP genes in C. guilliermondii cells and the fluorescence signal could be directly observed at the colony and blastospore level by epifluorescence microcopy.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. guilliermondii]
<Options>: A: candida guilliermondii var. carpophila (aka meyerozyma carpophila)
B: yamadazyma guilliermondii (aka meyerozyma guilliermondii)
C: gaertnera guillotii
D: rhaphigaster guildini (aka piezodorus guildinii)
E: cryptocarya guillauminii
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To illustrate differential targeting of the FPs into specified cellular compartments, we studied and validated the expected subcellular localization of various C. guilliermondii predicted proteins fused to FPs.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. guilliermondii]
<Options>: A: mucor guilliermondii
B: hanseniaspora guilliermondii
C: guilliermondella marxiana (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
D: candida guilliermondii (castell.) langeron & guerra, 1938 (aka meyerozyma guilliermondii)
E: thalassiosira guillardii (aka conticribra guillardii)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Furthermore, co-expression experiments of various couples of FP-tagged C. guilliermondii predicted proteins in the same cell showed that the fluorescence of each FP could be detected independently, providing firm evidences that YFP/CFP and GFP/mCherry pairs can be used for dual labeling in C. guilliermondii cells.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. guilliermondii]
<Options>: A: clavaria guilleminii
B: calliandra guildingii
C: candida guilliermondii (castell.) langeron & guerra, 1938 (aka meyerozyma guilliermondii)
D: gaertnera guillotii
E: planchonella guillauminii
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Furthermore, co-expression experiments of various couples of FP-tagged C. guilliermondii predicted proteins in the same cell showed that the fluorescence of each FP could be detected independently, providing firm evidences that YFP/CFP and GFP/mCherry pairs can be used for dual labeling in C. guilliermondii cells.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. guilliermondii]
<Options>: A: gaertnera guillotii
B: clavaria guilleminii
C: planchonella guillauminii
D: calliandra guildingii
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This technical advance will facilitate future studies of protein co-expression and co-localization in C. guilliermondii and will give precious help for elucidating new molecular events supporting pathogenicity, antifungal resistance and for exploring the potential of yeast metabolic engineering.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. guilliermondii; yeast]
<Options>: A: hanseniaspora guilliermondii
B: rhaphigaster guildini (aka piezodorus guildinii)
C: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: candida guilliermondii var. carpophila (aka meyerozyma carpophila)
E: candida guilliermondii (castell.) langeron & guerra, 1938 (aka meyerozyma guilliermondii)
F: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
G: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
H: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
I: saccharomyces marxianus (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
J: planchonella guillauminii
K: None of the above. | [E; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This technical advance will facilitate future studies of protein co-expression and co-localization in C. guilliermondii and will give precious help for elucidating new molecular events supporting pathogenicity, antifungal resistance and for exploring the potential of yeast metabolic engineering.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. guilliermondii; yeast]
<Options>: A: hanseniaspora guilliermondii
B: meyerozyma guilliermondii (wick.) kurtzman & m. suzuki 2010 (aka meyerozyma guilliermondii)
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: dacrydium guillauminii
E: candida guilliermondii var. carpophila (aka meyerozyma carpophila)
F: saccharomycodes
G: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
H: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
I: clavaria guilleminii
J: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
K: None of the above. | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Isolation and characterization of MAT genes in the symbiotic ascomycete Tuber melanosporum.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tuber melanosporum]
<Options>: A: penicillium melanosporum
B: glomus melanosporum
C: black truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
D: tuber xanthomonosporum
E: agaricus melanosporus (secotium melanosporum) (aka agaricus melanosporus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genome of Tuber melanosporum has recently been sequenced.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tuber melanosporum]
<Options>: A: black truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
B: tuber melosporum (picoa melospora) (aka tuber melosporum)
C: stibaroma melanotoxa
D: tuber melanoexcavatum
E: agaricus melanosporus (secotium melanosporum) (aka agaricus melanosporus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These analyses provided definitive evidence that T. melanosporum is a heterothallic species with a MAT locus that is organized similarly to those of ancient fungal lineages.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [t. melanosporum]
<Options>: A: french truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
B: trichocladium deosporum (aka torula deospora)
C: tuber melanorufum
D: trichoderma glaucum
E: glomus melanosporum
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Microtubule dynamics in mitosis in Aspergillus nidulans.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aspergillus nidulans]
<Options>: A: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
B: aspergillus domesticus
C: aphanothece nidulans
D: aspergillus cerealis
E: aspergillus aureus
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mitosis in Aspergillus nidulans is very rapid, requiring less than 5 min at 37 ^0C in germlings (Bergen and Morris, 1983).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aspergillus nidulans]
<Options>: A: aspergillus lanosus
B: emericella nidulans (aka aspergillus nidulans)
C: aspergillus tritici (aka aspergillus neotritici)
D: aspergillus avenaceus
E: aspergillus aureolus (neosartorya aureola) (aka aspergillus aureolus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparison of transcriptional and translational changes caused by long-term menadione exposure in Aspergillus nidulans.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aspergillus nidulans]
<Options>: A: aspergillus avenaceus
B: aspergillus aureus
C: aspergillus aureolus (neosartorya aureola) (aka aspergillus aureolus)
D: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
E: aspergillus tritici (aka aspergillus neotritici)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparison of transcriptional and translational changes caused by long-term menadione exposure in Aspergillus nidulans.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aspergillus nidulans]
<Options>: A: aspergillus aureus
B: aspergillus tritici (aka aspergillus neotritici)
C: aspergillus aureolus (neosartorya aureola) (aka aspergillus aureolus)
D: aspergillus avenaceus
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Under long-term oxidative stress caused by menadione sodium bisulfite, genome-wide transcriptional and proteome-wide translational changes were compared in Aspergillus nidulans vegetative cells.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aspergillus nidulans]
<Options>: A: emericella nidulans (aka aspergillus nidulans)
B: aspergillus aureus
C: aspergillus aureolus (neosartorya aureola) (aka aspergillus aureolus)
D: nassella nidulans
E: aspergillus domesticus
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A population of D. derouxi with eight or nine right kineties is also briefly described.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [d. derouxi]
<Options>: A: chlamydonella derouxi
B: dysteria derouxi
C: talaromyces derxii
D: dendrobium derryi
E: dermacentor niveus
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The morphology and infraciliature of three karyorelictean ciliates, Geleia sinica spec. nov. and two poorly known Kentrophoros species, K. flavus and K. gracilis, isolated from the intertidal zone of a beach at Qingdao, China, were investigated.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [geleia sinica spec. nov.; k. flavus; k. gracilis]
<Options>: A: klebsiella aerogenes (enterobacter aerogenes) (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
B: knoellia flava
C: staurogyne sinica
D: geleia
E: hyalobagrus flavus
F: geocharax gracilis
G: kentrophoros graciles (aka kentrophoros gracilis)
H: kryptolebias gracilis
I: zaluzianskya gracilis
J: agromyces flavus
K: nirmus gracilis (aka brueelia gracilis)
L: gymnoascus flavus (aka talaromyces flavus)
M: gourretia sinica
N: geleia sinica
O: stegana sinica
P: None of the above. | [N; P; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The morphology and infraciliature of three karyorelictean ciliates, Geleia sinica spec. nov. and two poorly known Kentrophoros species, K. flavus and K. gracilis, isolated from the intertidal zone of a beach at Qingdao, China, were investigated.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [geleia sinica spec. nov.; k. flavus; k. gracilis]
<Options>: A: ettchellsia sinica
B: geleia sp.
C: kalidium gracile
D: kryptolebias gracilis
E: kinkajou (aka potos flavus)
F: hyalobagrus flavus
G: yellow knight (aka tricholoma flavovirens)
H: kentrophoros graciles (aka kentrophoros gracilis)
I: glauconema sinica
J: geleia sinica
K: gelechia sinaica (aka parapodia sinaica)
L: herpestis gracilis (aka bacopa gracilis)
M: agromyces flavus
N: blakea gracilis
O: molophilus flavus
P: None of the above. | [J; P; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The morphology and infraciliature of three karyorelictean ciliates, Geleia sinica spec. nov. and two poorly known Kentrophoros species, K. flavus and K. gracilis, isolated from the intertidal zone of a beach at Qingdao, China, were investigated.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [geleia sinica spec. nov.; k. flavus; k. gracilis]
<Options>: A: kallitaxila sinica (monopsis sinica) (aka kallitaxila sinica)
B: gelasia persica (scorzonera persica) (aka gelasia persica)
C: geleia sp.
D: keroeides gracilis
E: knoellia flava
F: rhizoecus gracilis
G: krusa flava
H: kentia gracilis (aka basselinia gracilis)
I: geleia sinica
J: kentrophoros graciles (aka kentrophoros gracilis)
K: gelidium sinicola
L: myxobolus flavus
M: tessaracoccus flavus
N: kalidium gracile
O: saccharothrix flava (aka lentzea flava)
P: None of the above. | [I; P; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Geleia sinica spec. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: body medium-sized and slender-cylindrical; with a conspicuous prebuccal fossa; 28-34 somatic kineties; about 40 short adoral polykineties; intrabuccal kinety composed of 25-34 dikinetids; paroral kineties composed of closely spaced dikinetids.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [geleia sinica spec. nov.]
<Options>: A: hygroplitis sinica (microgaster sinicus) (aka hygroplitis sinica)
B: geleia sinica
C: gelis sp.
D: gelidium sinicola
E: staurogyne sinica
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In light of these new data the "well-known" morphotype, Geleia simplex (Faure-Fremiet, 1951), is redefined.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [geleia simplex (faure-fremiet, 1951)]
<Options>: A: microserica simplex
B: pagara simplex
C: bellotia simplex
D: feldmannia simplex
E: geleia simplex
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Kentrophoros flavus Raikov and Kovaleva, 1968 is mainly characterized by having about 33 macronuclei and 12 micronuclei forming a row that extends along the cell meridian, and 12-19 ciliary rows on the right side of the cell.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [kentrophoros flavus raikov and kovaleva, 1968]
<Options>: A: poritiphilus flavus
B: kentrophoros flavus (kentrophoros sp. qd061123) (aka kentrophoros flavus)
C: pseudohydrobius flavus
D: mycetophila flava
E: geophilus flavus (necrophloeophagus flavus) (aka geophilus flavus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Kentrophoros gracilis Raikov, 1963 is characterized by having about 14 macronuclei, 13 micronuclei and 10-13 kineties on the right side of the cell.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [kentrophoros gracilis raikov, 1963]
<Options>: A: kentia gracilis (aka basselinia gracilis)
B: athlophorus gracilis
C: kniphofia gracilis
D: kentrophoros graciles (aka kentrophoros gracilis)
E: halalaimus gracilis
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although reduction of tobacco consumption remains the most appropriate strategy to reduce lung-cancer burden, identification of genes involved in the cause of disease could contribute to further understanding of the underlying mechanisms, and eventually lead to additional prevention strategies and targeted treatments.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tobacco]
<Options>: A: wild tobacco (aka nicotiana rustica)
B: tobacco (aka nicotiana tabacum)
C: acuminate tobacco (aka nicotiana acuminata)
D: nicotiana sylvestris (wood tobacco) (aka nicotiana sylvestris)
E: nicotiana occidentalis
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Most strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae carry the 57-kb gonococcal genetic island (GGI), as do a few strains of Neisseria meningitidis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [neisseria gonorrhoeae; neisseria meningitidis]
<Options>: A: neisseria lactamicus (aka neisseria lactamica)
B: gonococcus neisseri (aka neisseria gonorrhoeae)
C: neisseria meningitidis 2000081
D: neisseria lactamica (neisseria lactamicus) (aka neisseria lactamica)
E: micrococcus meningitidis (aka neisseria meningitidis)
F: neisseria meningitidis 2003051
G: neisseria ovis (aka moraxella ovis)
H: neisseria gonorrhoeae dgi18
I: neisseria gonorrhoeae ch811
J: gonococcus (aka neisseria)
K: None of the above. | [B; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Most strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae carry the 57-kb gonococcal genetic island (GGI), as do a few strains of Neisseria meningitidis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [neisseria gonorrhoeae; neisseria meningitidis]
<Options>: A: neisseria meningitidis n 18/01
B: neisseria gonorrhoeae dgi18
C: neisseria canis
D: neisseria gonorrhoeae ch811
E: neisseria gonorrhoeae (micrococcus der gonorrhoe) (aka neisseria gonorrhoeae)
F: neisseria meningitidis 1101
G: neisseria lactamica (neisseria lactamicus) (aka neisseria lactamica)
H: micrococcus meningitidis (aka neisseria meningitidis)
I: neisseria meningitidis 2002038
J: neisseria bacilliformis
K: None of the above. | [E; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Most strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae carry the 57-kb gonococcal genetic island (GGI), as do a few strains of Neisseria meningitidis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [neisseria gonorrhoeae; neisseria meningitidis]
<Options>: A: neisseria lactamica (neisseria lactamicus) (aka neisseria lactamica)
B: neisseria gonorrhoeae dgi18
C: neisseria meningitidis 2002038
D: neisseria bacilliformis
E: neisseria canis
F: neisseria meningitidis 1101
G: neisseria meningitidis n 18/01
H: micrococcus meningitidis (aka neisseria meningitidis)
I: neisseria gonorrhoeae ch811
J: None of the above. | [J; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data suggest a model of GGI excision and loss explaining the absence of the GGI from some gonococcal strains and the maintenance of variant GGIs in some gonococcal and meningococcal isolates.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [meningococcal]
<Options>: A: micrococcus intracellularis (aka neisseria meningitidis)
B: neisseria meningitidis (group b) (aka neisseria meningitidis serogroup b)
C: neisseria meningitidis 2003051
D: neisseria meningitidis n 18/01
E: neisseria meningitidis serogroup y
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We assessed the relative influence of variability in recruitment age, dynamic reproductive investment (time-specific reproductive states) and frailty (unobserved differences in survival abilities across individuals) on survival in the black-legged kittiwake.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [black-legged kittiwake]
<Options>: A: silver hake (aka merluccius bilinearis)
B: black-chested snake-eagle (aka circaetus pectoralis)
C: black cuckoo-shrike (aka campephaga flava)
D: black-legged kittiwake (aka rissa tridactyla)
E: black kingsnake (aka lampropeltis nigra)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two biological datasets for Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans were analyzed using FungiFun, providing an overview of the usage and functions of the tool.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aspergillus fumigatus; candida albicans]
<Options>: A: aspergillus terreus (aspergillus terrestris) (aka aspergillus terreus)
B: cataglyphis albicans (formica albicans) (aka cataglyphis albicans)
C: aspergillus terricola
D: ozoroa albicans
E: aspergillus aerius
F: argyra albicans
G: aspergillus asper (aspergillus asperus) (aka aspergillus asper)
H: farigia albicans
I: mycotorula albicans (aka candida albicans)
J: aspergillus fumigatus fresen., 1863 (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
K: None of the above. | [J; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two biological datasets for Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans were analyzed using FungiFun, providing an overview of the usage and functions of the tool.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aspergillus fumigatus; candida albicans]
<Options>: A: aspergillus asper (aspergillus asperus) (aka aspergillus asper)
B: argyra albicans
C: aspergillus cerealis
D: aspergillus terreus (aspergillus terrestris) (aka aspergillus terreus)
E: mycotorula albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: xylesthia albicans
G: neosartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
H: aspergillus oryzae (aspergillus oryzae (ahlb.) cohn, 1884) (aka aspergillus oryzae)
I: candona albicans (aka pseudocandona albicans)
J: cyathopsis albicans (styphelia albicans) (aka cyathopsis albicans)
K: None of the above. | [G; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Apical buds of Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees at high and low elevation were heated during 2006 and 2007.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [norway spruce; picea abies]
<Options>: A: spruce pine (aka pinus glabra)
B: sargent spruce (aka picea brachytyla)
C: european sprat (aka sprattus sprattus)
D: picea spinulosa (abies spinulosa) (aka picea spinulosa)
E: norway spruce (aka picea abies)
F: red spruce (aka picea rubens)
G: picea
H: sitka spruce (aka picea sitchensis)
I: picea glehnii (abies glehnii) (aka picea glehnii)
J: None of the above. | [E; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Apical buds of Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees at high and low elevation were heated during 2006 and 2007.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [norway spruce; picea abies]
<Options>: A: sargent spruce (aka picea brachytyla)
B: picea lowiana (aka abies lowiana)
C: picea pungens (colorado spruce) (aka picea pungens)
D: siberian spruce (aka picea obovata)
E: picea rubens (red spruce) (aka picea rubens)
F: norway maple (aka acer platanoides)
G: picea glauca (white spruce) (aka picea glauca)
H: norway spruce (aka picea abies)
I: picea abies var. abies
J: None of the above. | [H; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Apical buds of Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees at high and low elevation were heated during 2006 and 2007.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [norway spruce; picea abies]
<Options>: A: picea lowiana (aka abies lowiana)
B: norway maple (aka acer platanoides)
C: siberian spruce (aka picea obovata)
D: picea pungens (colorado spruce) (aka picea pungens)
E: picea glauca (white spruce) (aka picea glauca)
F: picea abies var. abies
G: sargent spruce (aka picea brachytyla)
H: picea rubens (red spruce) (aka picea rubens)
I: None of the above. | [I; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we combined Bayesian multilevel models, path analyses and a model selection procedure to account for these complexities and to decipher the relative effects of host- and environment-related factors on the burden and the pathogenicity of an ectoparasite (Tracheliastes polycolpus) on its fish host (Leuciscus leuciscus).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [leuciscus leuciscus]
<Options>: A: hemiculter leucisculus (culter leucisculus) (aka hemiculter leucisculus)
B: neomyxus leuciscus (chaenomugil leuciscus) (aka neomyxus leuciscus)
C: dicrurus leucophaeus
D: curimatus leuciscus (aka steindachnerina leuciscus)
E: leuciscus leuciscus (dace (aka leuciscus leuciscus))
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Physiological and morphological adaptations in relation to water use efficiency in Mediterranean accessions of Solanum lycopersicum.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [solanum lycopersicum]
<Options>: A: solanum longiconicum
B: solanum latifolium
C: solanum sitiens
D: solanum trifolium
E: tomato (aka solanum lycopersicum)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The physiological traits underlying the apparent drought resistance of 'Tomatiga de Ramellet' (TR) cultivars, a population of Mediterranean tomato cultivars with delayed fruit deterioration (DFD) phenotype and typically grown under non-irrigation conditions, are evaluated.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tomato]
<Options>: A: solanum mammosum
B: solanum corifolium
C: solanum taitense
D: solanum trifidum
E: lycopersicon esculentum (aka solanum lycopersicum)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Eight different tomato accessions were selected and included six TR accessions, one Mediterranean non-TR accession (NTR(M)) and a processing cultivar (NTR(O)).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tomato]
<Options>: A: tomato (aka solanum lycopersicum)
B: solanum corifolium
C: solanum canense
D: solanum hirtum
E: solanum trifidum
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Among the TR accessions two leaf morphology types, normal divided leaves and potato-leaf, were selected.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [potato]
<Options>: A: sweet potato (aka ipomoea batatas)
B: wild sweet-potato vine (aka ipomoea pandurata)
C: ipomoea gilana
D: solanum rugosum
E: solanum proteanthum
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The results confirm the existence of differential traits in the response to drought stress in Mediterranean accessions of tomato, and demonstrate that increases in the g(m)/g(s) ratio would allow improvements in A(N)/g(s) in horticultural crops.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tomato]
<Options>: A: solanum trifidum
B: lycopersicon chilense (aka solanum chilense)
C: solanum corifolium
D: solanum cornifolium
E: tomato (aka solanum lycopersicum)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The ubiquitous marine Chlorophyte alga Dunaliella tertiolecta was tested under identical UV-B flux densities coupled with ecologically realistic fluxes of UV-A and visible radiation for 6 and 12 h exposures.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [dunaliella tertiolecta]
<Options>: A: dunaliella bioculata
B: dunaliella granulata
C: dunaliella tertiolecta
D: dunaliella quartolecta
E: dunalia spathulata
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The 13C/12C isotopic signal of day-respired CO2 in variegated leaves of Pelargonium x hortorum.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pelargonium x hortorum]
<Options>: A: pelargonium griseum
B: pelargonium triandrum
C: pelargonium hybrid cultivar
D: house geranium (aka pelargonium x hortorum)
E: pelargonium tomentosum
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we applied equations described previously for mesocosm CO(2) exchange to investigate the carbon isotope composition of CO(2) respired by autotrophic and heterotrophic tissues of Pelargonium x hortorum leaves, taking advantage of leaf variegation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pelargonium x hortorum]
<Options>: A: pelargonium hybrid cultivar
B: pelargonium plurisectum
C: pelargonium hermanniifolium
D: pelargonium graveolens x pelargonium radens (aka pelargonium x asperum)
E: zonal geranium (aka pelargonium x hortorum)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Auxin depletion in barley plants under high-temperature conditions represses DNA proliferation in organelles and nuclei via transcriptional alterations.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [barley]
<Options>: A: hordeum marinum (seaside barley) (aka hordeum marinum)
B: hordeum brachyantherum
C: wild rye (aka elymus)
D: barley (aka hordeum vulgare)
E: rye (aka secale cereale) (aka secale cereale)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Auxin depletion in barley plants under high-temperature conditions represses DNA proliferation in organelles and nuclei via transcriptional alterations.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [barley]
<Options>: A: hordeum brachyantherum
B: wild rye (aka elymus)
C: rye (aka secale cereale) (aka secale cereale)
D: hordeum marinum (seaside barley) (aka hordeum marinum)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We recently demonstrated that HT represses the expression of YUCCA auxin biosynthesis genes and reduces endogenous auxin in the developing anthers of barley and Arabidopsis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [barley]
<Options>: A: wild rye (aka elymus)
B: hordeum brachyantherum
C: seaside barley (aka hordeum marinum)
D: wood-barley (aka hordelymus europaeus)
E: barley (aka hordeum vulgare)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we show that DNA proliferation in mitochondria, chloroplasts and nuclei of developing panicles is inhibited with increasing temperatures in barley.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [barley]
<Options>: A: seaside barley (aka hordeum marinum)
B: barleys (aka hordeum)
C: hordeum brachyantherum
D: two-rowed barley (aka hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare)
E: barley (aka hordeum vulgare)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Experiments with wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana were designed to quantify the influences of parental environment and seed size on growth and development in the next generation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [arabidopsis thaliana]
<Options>: A: arabidopsis arenicola (arabis arenicola) (aka arabidopsis arenicola)
B: arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress) (aka arabidopsis thaliana)
C: arabis lyrata (aka arabidopsis lyrata)
D: agrotis atrux (scotia atrux) (aka agrotis atrux)
E: plantago africana
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we examine how the vulnerability of xylem to water stress-induced cavitation and the coordination between water transport capacity and assimilation (A) influences diurnal water-use efficiency (WUE) and dry-matter production in Lolium perenne L. - a commercial forage grass.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [lolium perenne]
<Options>: A: lolium italicum (aka lolium multiflorum)
B: lolium canariense
C: tall fescue (aka lolium arundinaceum)
D: perennial ryegrass (aka lolium perenne)
E: lomatogonium perenne
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cotterillia bromelicola nov. gen., nov. spec., a gonostomatid ciliate (Ciliophora, Hypotricha) from tank bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) with de novo originating dorsal kineties.
Cotterillia bromelicola nov. gen., nov. spec.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotterillia bromelicola nov. gen., nov. spec.]
<Options>: A: cottea
B: cottendorfia
C: hylesia cottica
D: cottarellicaris
E: cotterillia bromelicola (oxytrichidae gen. sp. ts-2010a) (aka cotterillia bromelicola)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'was discovered in the tanks of the Mexican bromeliad Tillandsia heterophylla.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tillandsia heterophylla]
<Options>: A: sarcotoechia heterophylla
B: lobelia heterophylla
C: tillandsia chaetophylla
D: tillandsia heterophylla
E: turraea heterophylla
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cotterillia has many cirral rows on both sides of the body.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotterillia]
<Options>: A: concurtisella
B: cottiusculus
C: cotterillia bromelicola (oxytrichidae gen. sp. ts-2010a) (aka cotterillia bromelicola)
D: cotta
E: cottoidei (aka cottioidei)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Uniquely, and thus used to diagnose the new genus Cotterillia, it has dorsal kineties originating de novo, producing neokinetal waves where the parental dorsal kineties reorganize to "combined rows", consisting of dorsal bristles anteriorly and of cirri posteriorly.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotterillia]
<Options>: A: concurtisella
B: cottioidei (cottimorpha) (aka cottioidei)
C: cotterillia bromelicola (oxytrichidae gen. sp. ts-2010a) (aka cotterillia bromelicola)
D: cottogaster
E: cotta
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cotterillia bromelicola has a gonostomatid body and adoral zone of membranelles, while the dense ciliature and the neokinetal waves resemble kahliellid hypotrichs.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotterillia bromelicola]
<Options>: A: branchinella australiensis
B: cottinella
C: orborhabdostyla bromelicola
D: camellia brevipetiolata
E: cotterillia bromelicola (oxytrichidae gen. sp. ts-2010a) (aka cotterillia bromelicola)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, the de novo origin of anlage 1 and the molecular analyses show convincingly that Cotterillia belongs to the Gonostomatidae Small and Lynn, 1985, for which an improved diagnosis is provided.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotterillia]
<Options>: A: concurtisella
B: cottunculus
C: sattleria cottiella
D: cotterillia bromelicola (oxytrichidae gen. sp. ts-2010a) (aka cotterillia bromelicola)
E: cotta
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, the de novo origin of anlage 1 and the molecular analyses show convincingly that Cotterillia belongs to the Gonostomatidae Small and Lynn, 1985, for which an improved diagnosis is provided.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotterillia]
<Options>: A: cottunculus
B: sattleria cottiella
C: cotta
D: concurtisella
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The molecular differences between Trachelostyla, Gonostomum, and Cotterillia are small (=< 5%) compared to their distinct morphologies and ontogeneses, suggesting that the 18S rDNA underestimates generic diversity.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotterillia]
<Options>: A: cottea
B: cottimorpha (aka cottioidei)
C: cottapistus cottoides (perca cottoides) (aka cottapistus cottoides)
D: cotterillia bromelicola (oxytrichidae gen. sp. ts-2010a) (aka cotterillia bromelicola)
E: cottoperca
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The first full-length message for a VgR from a Lepidopteran insect was cloned and sequenced from the ovary of Spodoptera litura Fabricius (GenBank accession no. GU983858).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [spodoptera litura fabricius]
<Options>: A: spodoptera ornithogalli (yellow-striped armyworm moth) (aka spodoptera ornithogalli)
B: spodoptera evanida
C: spodoptera litura
D: tabanus spodopterus
E: african cotton leafworm (aka spodoptera littoralis)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'S. litura VgR (SlVgR)comprised two ligand binding sites with four LDLR class A repeats in the first domain and seven in the second domain, an epidermal growth factor-like domain containing an LDLR class B repeat and a YWXD motif, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [s. litura]
<Options>: A: hadroplontus litura
B: spodoptera litura
C: lissodema lituratum (salpingus lituratum) (aka lissodema lituratum)
D: solea liturata (aka ammotretis lituratus)
E: leiophron lituratus (aka allurus lituratus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We tested these hypotheses by using populations of rice frogs Rana limnocharis on 20 islands in the Zhoushan Archipelago and two sites of nearby mainland China.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rana limnocharis]
<Options>: A: astragalus limnocharis
B: limnonectes alpinus (aka liurana alpina)
C: rana timorensis (aka limnonectes timorensis)
D: giant river frog (aka limnonectes leporinus)
E: fejervarya limnocharis (limnonectes limnocharis) (aka fejervarya limnocharis)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Oramoeba fumarolia gen. nov., sp. nov., a new marine heterolobosean amoeboflagellate growing at 54 ^0C.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [oramoeba fumarolia]
<Options>: A: neobacillus fumarioli (bacillus fumarioli) (aka neobacillus fumarioli)
B: oramoeba fumarolia
C: pantoea osteomyelitidis
D: oramoeba
E: neisseria flava
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The closest relatives are Stachyamoeba sp. ATCC50324, a strain isolated from an ocean sample, and Vrihiamoeba italica, a recent isolate from a rice field.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [stachyamoeba sp. atcc50324; vrihiamoeba italica; rice]
<Options>: A: vernonia arabica
B: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
C: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
D: stachyamoeba sp. atcc 50324
E: vriesea interrogatoria
F: stachybotrys sp. sap155
G: stachybotryna sp.
H: oryza perennis
I: vriesea fluviatilis
J: stachylidium sp. cm-2024a
K: stamnaria sp. dh-2017a
L: khargia italica
M: vicia iranica
N: rice (aka oryza sativa) (aka oryza sativa)
O: oryza officinalis
P: None of the above. | [D; P; N] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The closest relatives are Stachyamoeba sp. ATCC50324, a strain isolated from an ocean sample, and Vrihiamoeba italica, a recent isolate from a rice field.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [stachyamoeba sp. atcc50324; vrihiamoeba italica; rice]
<Options>: A: oryzihumus
B: stheneboea sp.
C: vicia iranica
D: stachybotrys sp. e-000535904
E: oryza officinalis
F: stachybotrys sp. hz-25
G: asian cultivated rice (aka oryza sativa)
H: apiospora italica (arthrinium italicum) (aka apiospora italica)
I: vannella arabica
J: ricegrass (aka oryzopsis)
K: stachyamoeba sp. atcc 50324
L: african wild rice (aka oryza barthii)
M: ophiobolopsis italica
N: alborbis italica
O: cosmospora sp. staf221
P: None of the above. | [K; P; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The closest relatives are Stachyamoeba sp. ATCC50324, a strain isolated from an ocean sample, and Vrihiamoeba italica, a recent isolate from a rice field.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [stachyamoeba sp. atcc50324; vrihiamoeba italica; rice]
<Options>: A: stachybotrys sp. hz-25
B: cosmospora sp. staf221
C: oryza
D: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
E: stachybotrys sp. cbs 949.72
F: vriesea interrogatoria
G: stachybotrys sp. sap155
H: italochrysa italica
I: lachnaia italica
J: alborbis italica
K: stachyamoeba sp. atcc 50324
L: ricegrass (aka oryzopsis)
M: rice (aka oryza sativa) (aka oryza sativa)
N: oryzihumus
O: soikiella italica
P: None of the above. | [K; P; M] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Because of the unique place in the molecular phylogenetic tree, and because there is no species found in the literature with similar morphological and physiological characteristics, this isolate is considered to be a new genus and a new species, Oramoeba fumarolia gen.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [oramoeba fumarolia]
<Options>: A: pantoea osteomyelitidis
B: albatrellus fumosus
C: neobacillus fumarioli (bacillus fumarioli) (aka neobacillus fumarioli)
D: ophiostoma fumeum (aka sporothrix fumea)
E: oramoeba fumarolia
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Candida albicans Rgd1 is a RhoGAP protein involved in the control of filamentous growth.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [candida albicans]
<Options>: A: typhlocyba albicans
B: ozoroa albicans
C: oidium albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: cataglyphis albicans (formica albicans) (aka cataglyphis albicans)
E: cyathopsis albicans (styphelia albicans) (aka cyathopsis albicans)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We investigated the role of Rgd1 RhoGAP, encoded by the Candida albicans RGD1 gene.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [candida albicans]
<Options>: A: athletes albicans
B: xylesthia albicans
C: monilia albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: cyathopsis albicans (styphelia albicans) (aka cyathopsis albicans)
E: candona albicans (aka pseudocandona albicans)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Deletion of RGD1 in C. albicans results in sensitivity to low pH as already described for rgd1Delta in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. albicans; saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces oviformis (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: fibroporia albicans
C: monilia albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: ficinia albicans
E: typhlocyba albicans
F: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
G: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
H: saccharomyces drosophilarum (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
I: megasphaera cerevisiae
J: athletes albicans
K: None of the above. | [C; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Deletion of RGD1 in C. albicans results in sensitivity to low pH as already described for rgd1Delta in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. albicans; saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
B: ozoroa albicans
C: saccharomyces oviformis (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
E: aerenica albicans (aka recchia albicans)
F: saccharomyces pasteurianus (aka saccharomyces pastorianus)
G: cyathopsis albicans (styphelia albicans) (aka cyathopsis albicans)
H: xylesthia albicans
I: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
J: endomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
K: None of the above. | [J; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Our results demonstrate that Rgd1 is critical for filamentous formation in C. albicans especially for filamentous elongation.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. albicans]
<Options>: A: fibroporia albicans
B: typhlocyba albicans
C: cataglyphis albicans (formica albicans) (aka cataglyphis albicans)
D: ozoroa albicans
E: parasaccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The validation of a real-time RT-PCR assay which detects influenza A and types simultaneously for influenza A H1N1 (2009) and oseltamivir-resistant (H275Y) influenza A H1N1 (2009).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [influenza a h1n1]
<Options>: A: influenza a virus (a/ws/1933(h1n1))
B: influenza a virus (a/california/07/2008(h1n1))
C: influenzavirus a (aka alphainfluenzavirus)
D: influenza b virus (influenza virus type b) (aka influenza b virus)
E: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It was the aim of this study to develop a real-time RT-PCR that can detect all influenza A viruses and type simultaneously for influenza A H1N1 (2009) and oseltamivir resistant (H275Y) influenza A H1N1 (2009).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [influenza a viruses; influenza a h1n1]
<Options>: A: influenza virus type c (aka influenza c virus)
B: avian influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
C: influenza b virus (influenza virus type b) (aka influenza b virus)
D: influenza a virus (a/china)
E: influenza a virus (a/california/07/2008(h1n1))
F: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
G: h1n1 swine influenza virus
H: None of the above. | [F; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It was the aim of this study to develop a real-time RT-PCR that can detect all influenza A viruses and type simultaneously for influenza A H1N1 (2009) and oseltamivir resistant (H275Y) influenza A H1N1 (2009).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [influenza a viruses; influenza a h1n1]
<Options>: A: influenza c viruses (aka influenza c virus)
B: equine influenza virus
C: influenza a virus (h1n1) (unidentified influenza a virus (h1n1)) (aka influenza a virus (h1n1))
D: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
E: influenza c virus (influenza virus type c) (aka influenza c virus)
F: duck influenza virus
G: influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
H: swine influenza virus
I: None of the above. | [D; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This multiplex assay will allow laboratories to screen respiratory samples for all types of influenza A,', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [influenza a]
<Options>: A: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
B: influenza a virus (strain a/wa-182)
C: duck influenza virus
D: avian influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
E: alphainfluenzavirus influenzae
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'influenza A H1N1 (2009) virus and oseltamivir resistant (H275Y) influenza A H1N1 (2009) virus in a rapid and cost effective format, ensuring that typing methods for seasonal and avian viruses are used on a smaller subset of samples.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [influenza a h1n1]
<Options>: A: h1n1 (aka h1n1 subtype) (aka h1n1 subtype)
B: influenza a virus (a/california/07/2008(h1n1))
C: influenza a virus (human influenza a virus) (aka influenza a virus)
D: influenza a virus (a/ws/1933(h1n1))
E: influenza a virus (h1n1) (unidentified influenza a virus (h1n1)) (aka influenza a virus (h1n1))
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rapid detection of Newcastle disease virus replication in embryonated chicken eggs using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction.
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, is an economically important disease of poultry globally.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [newcastle disease virus; chicken; ndv]
<Options>: A: newcastle disease virus (strain 3/91)
B: gallasellus
C: avian nephritis virus
D: northway virus
E: newcastle disease virus (strain t53)
F: ndv (aka avian paramyxovirus 1) (aka avian paramyxovirus 1)
G: gallorhynchus
H: common turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
I: denwin virus
J: newcastle disease virus (strain las/46)
K: gallus gallus (gallus gallus domesticus) (aka gallus gallus)
L: gallus
M: denalis virus
N: None of the above. | [F; K; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rapid detection of Newcastle disease virus replication in embryonated chicken eggs using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction.
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, is an economically important disease of poultry globally.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [newcastle disease virus; chicken; ndv]
<Options>: A: duck influenza virus
B: green junglefowl (aka gallus varius)
C: newcastle disease virus (aka avian paramyxovirus 1)
D: turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
E: newcastle disease virus (strain kansas)
F: foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus))
G: de nodal virus
H: gallus sonneratii (gray junglefowl) (aka gallus sonneratii)
I: chicken (aka gallus gallus)
J: newcastle disease virus (strain texas g.b./48)
K: gallorhynchus
L: newcastle disease virus (strain australia-victoria/32)
M: muninn virus
N: newcastle disease virus (strain iba/85)
O: None of the above. | [C; I; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rapid detection of Newcastle disease virus replication in embryonated chicken eggs using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction.
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, is an economically important disease of poultry globally.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [newcastle disease virus; chicken; ndv]
<Options>: A: foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus))
B: gray junglefowl (aka gallus sonneratii)
C: newcastle disease virus (strain australia-victoria/32)
D: ndv (aka avian paramyxovirus 1) (aka avian paramyxovirus 1)
E: chicken (aka gallus gallus)
F: gallus
G: broad bean necrosis virus (bbnv (aka broad bean necrosis virus))
H: newcastle disease virus (strain texas g.b./48)
I: arilus gallus
J: common seabream nervous necrosis virus
K: gallacoccus
L: denwin virus
M: newcastle disease virus class 1
N: avian nephritis virus
O: None of the above. | [D; E; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rapid detection of Newcastle disease virus replication in embryonated chicken eggs using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction.
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, is an economically important disease of poultry globally.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [poultry]
<Options>: A: green junglefowl (aka gallus varius)
B: arilus gallus
C: chicken (aka gallus gallus)
D: gallus gallus spadiceus (perdix spadicea) (aka gallus gallus spadiceus)
E: gallus gallus philippensis (aka gallus gallus gallus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and conventional RT-PCR techniques were compared for the detection of NDV genome replication in 9-11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) using the nucleoprotein (NP) gene of the virus as a target.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ndv; chicken]
<Options>: A: muninn virus
B: west nile virus (wnv (aka west nile virus))
C: avian nephritis virus
D: arilus gallus
E: turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
F: gallus gallus philippensis (aka gallus gallus gallus)
G: chickens (aka gallus gallus)
H: newcastle disease virus (aka avian paramyxovirus 1)
I: foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus))
J: gallasellus
K: None of the above. | [H; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and conventional RT-PCR techniques were compared for the detection of NDV genome replication in 9-11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) using the nucleoprotein (NP) gene of the virus as a target.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ndv; chicken]
<Options>: A: northway virus
B: meleagris gallopavo (common turkey) (aka meleagris gallopavo)
C: noveria virus
D: gallus
E: chicken (aka gallus gallus)
F: ndv (aka avian paramyxovirus 1) (aka avian paramyxovirus 1)
G: gallus gallus gallus (gallus gallus philippensis) (aka gallus gallus gallus)
H: denalis virus
I: gallorhynchus
J: denwin virus
K: None of the above. | [F; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The results suggest that at least two to fourfold increase in cycle threshold (C(t)) values over the baseline C(t) value of samples lacking infectious virus, would indicate live NDV replication.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ndv]
<Options>: A: rice black gall dwarf virus
B: noveria virus
C: newcastle disease virus ndv (aka avian paramyxovirus 1)
D: denalis virus
E: foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus))
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The limit of detection of NDV replication using qRT-PCR was 1x10(4.0) mean embryo infective doses (EID(50)).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ndv]
<Options>: A: rice black gall dwarf virus
B: newcastle disease virus (aka avian paramyxovirus 1)
C: galleria mellonella densovirus
D: muninn virus
E: broad bean necrosis virus (bbnv (aka broad bean necrosis virus))
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Individual trees were co-inoculated to create mixed infections and all four pome fruit viroids and both stone fruit viroids could be detected in pear and peach trees, respectively, using the polyprobe.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [peach]
<Options>: A: desert peach (aka prunus andersonii)
B: prunus virginiana (chokecherry) (aka prunus virginiana)
C: yellow pea (aka lathyrus aphaca)
D: peach (aka prunus persica)
E: peafowls (aka pavo)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the most extreme case, 75% of a Blastomyces dermatitidis genome had suffered conspicuous GC-depletion, all of it in the non-coding fraction.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [blastomyces dermatitidis]
<Options>: A: blastomyces dermatitidis (blastomycoides dermatitidis) (aka blastomyces dermatitidis)
B: borrelomyces gallinarum (aka mycoplasmopsis gallinarum)
C: debaryomyces mycophilus
D: aleurisma dermatitidis (aka xerochrysium dermatitidis)
E: exophiala dermatitidis (hormiscium dermatitidis) (aka exophiala dermatitidis)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Only one species, Chaetomium globosum, showed no evidence of directional mutation.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chaetomium globosum]
<Options>: A: rhexothecium globosum
B: gnetum globosum
C: xiphinema globosum
D: chaetomium rectum (aka chaetomium globosum)
E: conophytum globosum
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Ste50 adaptor protein governs sexual differentiation of Cryptococcus neoformans via the pheromone-response MAPK signaling pathway.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cryptococcus neoformans]
<Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
B: cryptococcus neoformans c23
C: cryptococcus neoformans serotype d (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
D: cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (aka cryptococcus gattii)
E: torula neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here we characterized a Cryptococcus neoformans gene, which is homologous to the yeast Ste50 that is known to play an important role in mating pheromone response and stress response as an adaptor protein to the Ste11 MAPK kinase kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cryptococcus neoformans; saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces oviformis (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: cryptococcus neoformans bt19
C: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
D: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
E: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
F: cryptococcus gattii (cryptococcus gattii (vanbreus. & takashio) kwon-chung & boekhout 2002) (aka cryptococcus gattii)
G: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
H: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
I: cryptococcus neoformans bt1
J: filobasidiella neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
K: None of the above. | [J; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here we characterized a Cryptococcus neoformans gene, which is homologous to the yeast Ste50 that is known to play an important role in mating pheromone response and stress response as an adaptor protein to the Ste11 MAPK kinase kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cryptococcus neoformans; saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans bt19
B: cryptococcus neoformans bt1
C: debaryomyces neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
D: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
E: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
F: cryptococcus gattii (cryptococcus gattii (vanbreus. & takashio) kwon-chung & boekhout 2002) (aka cryptococcus gattii)
G: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
H: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
I: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
J: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
K: None of the above. | [C; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The C. neoformans Ste50 was not involved in any of the stress responses or virulence factor production (capsule and melanin) that are controlled by the HOG and Ras/cAMP signaling pathways.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. neoformans]
<Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans bt2
B: cryptococcus neoformans c23
C: saccharomyces neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
D: cryptococcus neoformans serotype d (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
E: cryptococcus neoformans bt7
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, Ste50 was required for mating in both serotype A and serotype D C. neoformans strains.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [serotype a; serotype d c. neoformans]
<Options>: A: cryptococcus neoformans (filobasidiella neoformans kwon-chung, 1976) (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
B: aerococcus
C: cryptococcus neoformans bt7
D: cryptococcus neoformans bt19
E: subgroup a
F: cryptococcus neoformans a/d (aka cryptococcus neoformans ad hybrid)
G: aeromonas enterica
H: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
I: cardiovirus a
J: human rhinovirus a (aka rhinovirus a)
K: None of the above. | [A; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, Ste50 was required for mating in both serotype A and serotype D C. neoformans strains.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [serotype a; serotype d c. neoformans]
<Options>: A: anopheles a serogroup (aka anopheles a virus)
B: cryptococcus neoformans bt7
C: alphadintovirus
D: achriotypa
E: cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (aka cryptococcus gattii)
F: cryptococcus neoformans c23
G: cardiovirus a
H: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
I: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
J: torula neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
K: None of the above. | [J; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Regardless of the presence of the basidiomycota-specific SH3 domains of Ste50 that are known to be required for full virulence of Ustilago maydis, Ste50 was dispensable for virulence of C. neoformans in a murine model of cryptococcosis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ustilago maydis; c. neoformans]
<Options>: A: filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
B: ustilago oxalidis (aka thecaphora oxalidis)
C: uredo maydis (aka mycosarcoma maydis)
D: ustilago levis
E: ustilago filiformis
F: cryptococcus neoformans bt68
G: debaryomyces neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
H: ustilago
I: cryptococcus neoformans bt19
J: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
K: None of the above. | [C; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Regardless of the presence of the basidiomycota-specific SH3 domains of Ste50 that are known to be required for full virulence of Ustilago maydis, Ste50 was dispensable for virulence of C. neoformans in a murine model of cryptococcosis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ustilago maydis; c. neoformans]
<Options>: A: ustilago
B: debaryomyces neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
C: ustilago filiformis
D: ustilago oxalidis (aka thecaphora oxalidis)
E: cryptococcus neoformans bt68
F: ustilago levis
G: cryptococcus neoformans bt19
H: cryptococcus neoformans species complex
I: filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans)
J: None of the above. | [J; B] |
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