instruction stringlengths 209 946 | input stringlengths 96 1.45k | response stringlengths 3 12 |
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<Instruct>: Given the context '* Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) causes an economically important bacterial speck disease on tomato and produces symptoms with necrotic lesions surrounded by chlorosis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000; pst dc3000; tomato]
<Options>: A: pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens
B: pseudomonas syringae icmp 19498
C: staphylococcus aureus dar3930
D: staphylococcus aureus a6300
E: peruvian tomato (aka solanum peruvianum)
F: staphylococcus aureus h43700
G: pseudomonas syringae pv. avii
H: staphylococcus aureus dar2000
I: solanum canense
J: pseudomonas syringae (pv. tomato) (aka pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato)
K: staphylococcus aureus tush6001
L: solanum trifolium
M: pseudomonas syringae (pseudomonas syringae subsp. syringae) (aka pseudomonas syringae)
N: tomato (aka solanum lycopersicum)
O: solanum taitense
P: None of the above. | [M; M; N] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '* Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) causes an economically important bacterial speck disease on tomato and produces symptoms with necrotic lesions surrounded by chlorosis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000; pst dc3000; tomato]
<Options>: A: solanum dioicum
B: pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (pseudomonas syringae (pv. tomato)) (aka pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato)
C: vector psta0
D: pseudomonas syringae pv. panici
E: solanum mammosum
F: staphylococcus aureus dar2000
G: staphylococcus aureus sa_tps3160
H: pseudomonas syringae lmc.p80
I: pseudomonas syringae (pseudomonas syringae subsp. syringae) (aka pseudomonas syringae)
J: tomato (aka solanum lycopersicum)
K: staphylococcus aureus scle6100
L: staphylococcus aureus dar5800
M: solanum bicolor
N: solanum trifidum
O: pseudomonas syringae syringae (aka pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae)
P: None of the above. | [I; I; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '* Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) causes an economically important bacterial speck disease on tomato and produces symptoms with necrotic lesions surrounded by chlorosis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000; pst dc3000; tomato]
<Options>: A: lycopersicon esculentum (aka solanum lycopersicum)
B: staphylococcus aureus dar1800
C: staphylococcus aureus m0300
D: solanum latifolium
E: staphylococcus aureus sa_tps3140
F: staphylococcus aureus dar3930
G: staphylococcus aureus sa_tps3160
H: pseudomonas syringae me.dv.p42
I: lycopersicon chilense (aka solanum chilense)
J: pseudomonas syringae tomato (aka pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato)
K: pseudomonas syringae icmp 19499
L: pseudomonas syringae subsp. syringae (aka pseudomonas syringae)
M: solanum mammosum
N: pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans
O: solanum cornifolium
P: None of the above. | [L; L; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The chlorosis is mainly attributed to a jasmonic acid (JA)-isoleucine analogue, coronatine (COR), produced by Pst DC3000.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pst dc3000]
<Options>: A: staphylococcus aureus dar1980
B: staphylococcus aureus dar1800
C: vector psta0
D: staphylococcus aureus sa_tps3140
E: staphylococcus aureus a6300
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we took advantage of a chlorotic phenotype elicited by COR on Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) as a rapid reverse genetic screening tool and identified a role for SGT1 (suppressor of G2 allele of skp1) in COR-induced chlorosis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [nicotiana benthamiana]
<Options>: A: nicotiana occidentalis
B: nicotiana corymbosa
C: nicotiana benthamiana
D: nicotiana
E: nicotiana tomentosa
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Silencing of SGT1 in tomato resulted in reduction of disease-associated symptoms (cell death and chlorosis), suggesting a molecular connection between COR-induced chlorosis and cell death.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tomato]
<Options>: A: lycopersicon esculentum (aka solanum lycopersicum)
B: solanum dioicum
C: solanum pyrifolium
D: solanum bicolor
E: solanum corifolium
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Arabidopsis, AtSGT1b but not AtSGT1a was required for COR responses, including root growth inhibition and Pst DC3000 symptom (water soaked lesion) development.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pst dc3000]
<Options>: A: staphylococcus aureus sa_tps3150
B: staphylococcus aureus sa_tps3160
C: staphylococcus aureus t32070
D: staphylococcus aureus m0300
E: staphylococcus aureus dar1200
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Notably, overexpression of AtSGT1b did not alter Pst DC3000 symptoms or sensitivity to COR.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pst dc3000]
<Options>: A: staphylococcus aureus dar5800
B: staphylococcus aureus dar3150
C: staphylococcus aureus h43700
D: staphylococcus aureus t32070
E: staphylococcus aureus a6300
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '* Taken together, our results demonstrate that SGT1/SGT1b is required for COR-induced chlorosis and subsequent necrotic disease development in tomato and Arabidopsis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tomato]
<Options>: A: lycopersicon esculentum (aka solanum lycopersicum)
B: solanum pyrifolium
C: solanum cornifolium
D: solanum trifidum
E: solanum bicolor
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparison of transgene expression in Aedes aegypti generated by mariner Mos1 transposition and PhiC31 site-directed recombination.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aedes aegypti]
<Options>: A: aedes flavopictus
B: aedes rossicus
C: aedes aegypti queenslandensis (aka aedes aegypti aegypti)
D: aedes aegypti (aedes (stegomyia) aegypti) (aka aedes aegypti)
E: culex vittatus (aka aedes vittatus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To avoid these effects, the PhiC31 site-directed recombination system was used to insert transgenes into a locus favourable for gene expression in Aedes aegypti.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [aedes aegypti]
<Options>: A: culex niveus (aka aedes niveus)
B: aedes malayi (aka culex malayi)
C: aedes aegypti queenslandensis (aka aedes aegypti aegypti)
D: yellow fever mosquito (aka aedes aegypti)
E: culex alboannulatus (aka aedes alboannulatus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Site-directed recombination of line attP26 with an attB-containing donor expressing EGFP from the Ae. aegypti carboxypeptidase promoter produced one transgenic line with blood-fed females expressing the reporter in midgut tissue.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ae. aegypti]
<Options>: A: forest day mosquito (aka aedes albopictus)
B: culex vittatus (aka aedes vittatus)
C: culex ochraceus (aka aedes ochraceus)
D: aedes flavivirus
E: yellow fever mosquito (aka aedes aegypti)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Docking strain attP26 also supported robust expression of Flock House virus B2 from the Ae. aegypti polyubiquitin promoter.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [flock house virus b2; ae. aegypti]
<Options>: A: aedes flavivirus
B: aedes malayi (aka culex malayi)
C: border disease virus 2 (bdv-2) (aka border disease virus 2)
D: pestivirus type 2 (aka classical swine fever virus)
E: fomede virus
F: culex ochraceus (aka aedes ochraceus)
G: culex vittatus (aka aedes vittatus)
H: stegomyia aegypti (aka aedes aegypti)
I: flock house virus
J: fox circovirus
K: None of the above. | [I; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Docking strain attP26 also supported robust expression of Flock House virus B2 from the Ae. aegypti polyubiquitin promoter.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [flock house virus b2; ae. aegypti]
<Options>: A: bvdv-2 (aka bovine viral diarrhea virus 2)
B: forest day mosquito (aka aedes albopictus)
C: culex aegypti aegypti (aka aedes aegypti aegypti)
D: border disease virus 2 (bdv-2) (aka border disease virus 2)
E: flock house virus
F: fomede virus
G: culex alboannulatus (aka aedes alboannulatus)
H: culex ochraceus (aka aedes ochraceus)
I: chicken circovirus 2
J: aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (aka aedes aegypti)
K: None of the above. | [E; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Our data confirm that eye-specific selection marker expression alone is not a reliable indicator for robust gene-of-interest expression in Ae. aegypti and that the PhiC31 system can ensure predictable transgene expression in this mosquito species.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ae. aegypti]
<Options>: A: aedes aegypti (aedes (stegomyia) aegypti) (aka aedes aegypti)
B: culex niveus (aka aedes niveus)
C: aedes flavopictus
D: aedes flavivirus
E: aedes malayi (aka culex malayi)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Optimization of the Gal4-UAS system in an Anopheles gambiae cell line.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [anopheles gambiae]
<Options>: A: african malaria mosquito (aka anopheles funestus)
B: african malaria mosquito (aka anopheles gambiae)
C: mosquito (aka anopheles cruzii)
D: anopheles arabiensis
E: anopheles merus
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Optimization of the Gal4-UAS system in an Anopheles gambiae cell line.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [anopheles gambiae]
<Options>: A: african malaria mosquito (aka anopheles funestus)
B: mosquito (aka anopheles cruzii)
C: anopheles merus
D: anopheles arabiensis
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The development of the bipartite Gal4-UAS system in Anopheles gambiae would improve the functional characterization of genes in this important malaria vector.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [anopheles gambiae]
<Options>: A: anopheles vagus
B: anopheles gambiae s (aka anopheles gambiae)
C: anopheles dispar
D: anopheles merus
E: american malaria mosquito (aka anopheles darlingi)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Towards this aim, we used Gal4 driver plasmids to successfully activate expression of the reporter gene, luciferase, from UAS responder plasmids when cotransfected into an An. gambiae cell line.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [an. gambiae]
<Options>: A: anopheles gambiae s (aka anopheles gambiae)
B: anopheles gigas
C: anopheles vagus vagus
D: anopheles (aka anopheles <genus>)
E: mosquito (aka anopheles cruzii)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The identification of Gal4-UAS vectors that are efficiently expressed in a mosquito cell line should facilitate the transfer of this versatile expression system to An. gambiae, and potentially to other insects of medical importance.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [an. gambiae]
<Options>: A: anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (aka anopheles gambiae)
B: african malaria mosquito (aka anopheles funestus)
C: anopheles vagus vagus
D: anopheles gigas
E: anopheles (aka anopheles <genus>)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Host translational control of a polydnavirus, Cotesia plutellae bracovirus, by sequestering host eIF4A to prevent formation of a translation initiation complex.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotesia plutellae bracovirus]
<Options>: A: cotesia chilonis bracovirus
B: cotesia vestalis polydnavirus (aka cotesia vestalis bracovirus)
C: cotesia ruficrus bracovirus
D: cotesia sesamiae bracovirus
E: cotesia plutallae bracovirus (aka cotesia plutellae bracovirus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two host translation inhibitory factors (HTIFs) have been proposed in Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotesia plutellae bracovirus; cpbv]
<Options>: A: bovine calicivirus
B: cotesia sesamiae bracovirus
C: cotesia kariyai bracovirus (aka bracoviriform kariyai)
D: cotesia ruficrus bracovirus
E: cotesia vestalis polydnavirus (aka cotesia vestalis bracovirus)
F: cbpv (aka chronic bee paralysis virus) (aka chronic bee paralysis virus)
G: buffalo creek virus
H: bovine circovirus
I: bovine picornavirus
J: cotesia plutellae bracovirus (cotesia plutallae bracovirus) (aka cotesia plutellae bracovirus)
K: None of the above. | [J; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two host translation inhibitory factors (HTIFs) have been proposed in Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [cotesia plutellae bracovirus; cpbv]
<Options>: A: bovine parvovirus (bpv (aka bovine parvovirus))
B: buffalo creek virus
C: bovine parechovirus
D: cotesia plutellae bracovirus (cotesia plutallae bracovirus) (aka cotesia plutellae bracovirus)
E: cbpv (aka chronic bee paralysis virus) (aka chronic bee paralysis virus)
F: cotesiavirus virgavi
G: cotesia sesamiae bracovirus
H: carbovirus
I: cotesia kariyai bracovirus (aka bracoviriform kariyai)
J: cotesia marginiventris bracovirus (aka bracoviriform marginiventris)
K: None of the above. | [D; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Parasitization by C. plutellae inhibited storage protein 1 (SP1) synthesis of Plutella xylostella at post-transcriptional level.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. plutellae; plutella xylostella]
<Options>: A: plutella hyperboreella
B: plutellus
C: pluteus castaneorugosus
D: plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) (aka plutella xylostella)
E: volutella leucaenae
F: cabbage moth (aka plutella xylostella)
G: pluteus phaeocyanopus
H: plutella
I: pleurota gallicella
J: cotesia plutellae (aka cotesia vestalis)
K: None of the above. | [J; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Parasitization by C. plutellae inhibited storage protein 1 (SP1) synthesis of Plutella xylostella at post-transcriptional level.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. plutellae; plutella xylostella]
<Options>: A: plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) (aka plutella xylostella)
B: pluteus phaeocyanopus
C: cabbage moth (aka plutella xylostella)
D: plutella
E: pleurota gallicella
F: plutellus
G: pluteus castaneorugosus
H: plutella hyperboreella
I: volutella leucaenae
J: None of the above. | [J; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Parasitization by C. plutellae inhibited storage protein 1 (SP1) synthesis of Plutella xylostella at post-transcriptional level.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. plutellae; plutella xylostella]
<Options>: A: pluteus xanthophaeus (aka pluteus galeroides)
B: keonolla surcula (aka graphocephala confluens)
C: cotesia plutellae (aka cotesia vestalis)
D: plutella xylostella granulovirus
E: plutella porrectella (plutella (pseudoplutella) porrectella) (aka plutella porrectella)
F: plutella australiana
G: plutella xylostella nucleopolyhedrovirus
H: cabbage moth (aka plutella xylostella)
I: plutellus
J: None of the above. | [C; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One HTIF, CpBV15Beta, inhibited the translation of SP1 mRNA in an in vitro translation assay using rabbit reticulocyte lysate, but did not inhibit its own mRNA.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rabbit]
<Options>: A: lepus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
B: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
C: lepus saxatilis (scrub hare) (aka lepus saxatilis)
D: riverine rabbit (aka bunolagus monticularis)
E: swamp rabbit (aka sylvilagus aquaticus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '3. Stable isotope values from body tissues with different turnover rates were used to quantify patterns of individual specialization in two species of 'generalist' sharks (bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas, and tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull sharks; carcharhinus leucas; tiger sharks; galeocerdo cuvier]
<Options>: A: carcharias porosus (aka carcharhinus porosus)
B: lucyna carcharodon
C: chorebus glabriculus
D: smalltail shark (aka carcharhinus porosus)
E: great white shark (aka carcharodon carcharias)
F: talegalla cuvieri
G: squalus tigrinus (aka stegostoma tigrinum)
H: carcharias glyphis (aka glyphis glyphis)
I: proechimys cuvieri (cuvier's spiny rat) (aka proechimys cuvieri)
J: carcharias
K: sand tiger shark (aka carcharias taurus)
L: coris cuvieri (false clownwrasse) (aka coris cuvieri)
M: thresher shark (aka alopias vulpinus)
N: tiger moray (aka scuticaria tigrina)
O: bramble shark (aka echinorhinus brucus)
P: bull shark (aka carcharhinus leucas)
Q: tiger shark (aka galeocerdo cuvier)
R: None of the above. | [P; P; Q; Q] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '3. Stable isotope values from body tissues with different turnover rates were used to quantify patterns of individual specialization in two species of 'generalist' sharks (bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas, and tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull sharks; carcharhinus leucas; tiger sharks; galeocerdo cuvier]
<Options>: A: salmo tigridis
B: halichoeres leucurus (labrus leucurus) (aka halichoeres leucurus)
C: bramble shark (aka echinorhinus brucus)
D: tiger shark (aka galeocerdo cuvier)
E: squalus tigrinus (aka stegostoma tigrinum)
F: tiger (aka panthera tigris)
G: gray zorro (aka lycalopex griseus)
H: odontolabis cuvera
I: narrow-tooth shark (aka carcharhinus brachyurus)
J: cow sharks (aka hexanchidae)
K: gammarus glabratus
L: carcharias melanopterus (aka carcharhinus melanopterus)
M: salanx cuvieri (noodlefish) (aka salanx cuvieri)
N: crested bullhead shark (aka heterodontus galeatus)
O: whitecheek shark (aka carcharhinus coatesi)
P: tiger cats (aka dasyurus)
Q: bull shark (aka carcharhinus leucas)
R: carcharhinus glyphis (aka glyphis glyphis)
S: None of the above. | [Q; Q; D; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '3. Stable isotope values from body tissues with different turnover rates were used to quantify patterns of individual specialization in two species of 'generalist' sharks (bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas, and tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull sharks; carcharhinus leucas; tiger sharks; galeocerdo cuvier]
<Options>: A: carcharias melanopterus (aka carcharhinus melanopterus)
B: crested bullhead shark (aka heterodontus galeatus)
C: galeodes caspius
D: tiger catshark (aka halaelurus natalensis)
E: gray sharks (aka carcharhinus)
F: chorebus granulosus
G: bull shark (aka carcharhinus leucas)
H: thresher sharks (aka alopiinae <sharks & rays>)
I: salanx cuvieri (noodlefish) (aka salanx cuvieri)
J: smalltail shark (aka carcharhinus porosus)
K: carcharias
L: tiger shark (aka galeocerdo cuvier)
M: squalus carcharias (aka carcharodon carcharias)
N: whitecheek shark (aka carcharhinus dussumieri)
O: galeocerdo (tiger sharks) (aka galeocerdo)
P: lucyna carcharodon
Q: squalus tigrinus (aka stegostoma tigrinum)
R: talegalla cuvieri
S: None of the above. | [G; G; L; L] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '3. Stable isotope values from body tissues with different turnover rates were used to quantify patterns of individual specialization in two species of 'generalist' sharks (bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas, and tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull sharks; carcharhinus leucas; tiger sharks; galeocerdo cuvier]
<Options>: A: northern river shark (aka glyphis garricki)
B: gray zorro (aka lycalopex griseus)
C: carcharhinus glyphis (aka glyphis glyphis)
D: tigris catfish (aka silurus triostegus)
E: bull shark (aka carcharhinus leucas)
F: ground sharks (aka carcharhiniformes)
G: bullhead sharks (aka heterodontidae)
H: carcharhinus brachyurus (carcharias brachyurus) (aka carcharhinus brachyurus)
I: bignose shark (aka carcharhinus altimus)
J: salanx cuvieri (noodlefish) (aka salanx cuvieri)
K: tiger shark (aka galeocerdo cuvier)
L: galeodes caspius
M: salmo tigridis
N: smalltail shark (aka carcharhinus porosus)
O: gammarus glabratus
P: whitecheek shark (aka carcharhinus coatesi)
Q: carcharias
R: carcharias melanopterus (aka carcharhinus melanopterus)
S: None of the above. | [E; E; K; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. Despite wide population-level isotopic niche breadths in both species, isotopic values of individual tiger sharks varied across tissues with different turnover rates.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tiger sharks]
<Options>: A: tiger rockfish (aka sebastes nigrocinctus)
B: sand tiger shark (aka carcharias taurus)
C: ground sharks (aka carcharhiniformes)
D: tiger shark (aka galeocerdo cuvier)
E: salmo tigridis
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. Despite wide population-level isotopic niche breadths in both species, isotopic values of individual tiger sharks varied across tissues with different turnover rates.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tiger sharks]
<Options>: A: salmo tigridis
B: tiger rockfish (aka sebastes nigrocinctus)
C: sand tiger shark (aka carcharias taurus)
D: ground sharks (aka carcharhiniformes)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The population niche breadth was explained mostly by variation within individuals suggesting tiger sharks are true generalists.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tiger sharks]
<Options>: A: tigris catfish (aka silurus triostegus)
B: tiger shark (aka galeocerdo cuvier)
C: sand tiger shark (aka carcharias taurus)
D: tiger sharks (aka galeocerdo)
E: tiger rockfish (aka sebastes nigrocinctus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, isotope values of individual bull sharks were stable through time and their wide population level niche breadth was explained by variation among specialist individuals.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull sharks]
<Options>: A: narrow-tooth shark (aka carcharhinus brachyurus)
B: bullhead sharks (aka heterodontidae)
C: bull shark (aka carcharhinus leucas)
D: bullisichthys
E: crested bullhead shark (aka heterodontus galeatus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The differences in individual dietary specialization between tiger sharks and bull sharks results in different functional roles in coupling or compartmentalizing distinct food webs.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tiger sharks; bull sharks]
<Options>: A: squalus tigrinus (aka stegostoma tigrinum)
B: narrow-tooth shark (aka carcharhinus brachyurus)
C: smalltail shark (aka carcharhinus porosus)
D: bull shark (aka carcharhinus leucas)
E: tiger shark (aka galeocerdo cuvier)
F: tiger rockfish (aka sebastes nigrocinctus)
G: bullhead sharks (aka heterodontidae)
H: carcharias
I: elephant shark (aka callorhinchus milii)
J: cow sharks (aka hexanchidae)
K: None of the above. | [E; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The differences in individual dietary specialization between tiger sharks and bull sharks results in different functional roles in coupling or compartmentalizing distinct food webs.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [tiger sharks; bull sharks]
<Options>: A: smalltail shark (aka carcharhinus porosus)
B: sand tiger shark (aka carcharias taurus)
C: tiger shark (aka galeocerdo cuvier)
D: thresher sharks (aka alopiinae <sharks & rays>)
E: bull shark (aka carcharhinus leucas)
F: thresher shark (aka alopias vulpinus)
G: tiger moray (aka scuticaria tigrina)
H: tiger cats (aka dasyurus)
I: cocktail shark (aka carcharhinus brachyurus)
J: tiger fish (aka hydrocynus brevis)
K: None of the above. | [C; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Effects of experimental harvest on the survival and cause-specific mortality of willow ptarmigan.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [willow ptarmigan]
<Options>: A: tortured willow (aka salix matsudana)
B: american pussy willow (aka salix discolor)
C: lagopus lagopus (willow ptarmigan) (aka lagopus lagopus)
D: willow flycatcher (aka empidonax traillii)
E: willow leaf beetle (aka chrysomela vigintipunctata)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The effects of harvest on the annual and seasonal survival of willow ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus L. were tested in a large-scale harvest experiment.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [willow ptarmigan; lagopus lagopus]
<Options>: A: willow leaf beetle (aka chrysomela vigintipunctata)
B: mesembrius lagopus
C: oxytropis lagopus
D: willow warbler (aka phylloscopus trochilus)
E: lagopus lagopus (willow ptarmigan) (aka lagopus lagopus)
F: halberd willow (aka salix hastata)
G: artemisia lagopus
H: lagurus lagurus (mus lagurus) (aka lagurus lagurus)
I: willow flycatcher (aka empidonax traillii)
J: None of the above. | [E; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The effects of harvest on the annual and seasonal survival of willow ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus L. were tested in a large-scale harvest experiment.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [willow ptarmigan; lagopus lagopus]
<Options>: A: oxytropis lagopus
B: lagurus lagurus (mus lagurus) (aka lagurus lagurus)
C: rock ptarmigan (aka lagopus muta)
D: falco lagopus (aka buteo lagopus)
E: willow flycatcher (aka empidonax traillii)
F: american pussy willow (aka salix discolor)
G: halberd willow (aka salix hastata)
H: lagopus scoticus (aka lagopus scotica)
I: willow ptarmigan (aka lagopus lagopus)
J: None of the above. | [I; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Natural mortality of ptarmigan was highest during autumn movements and nesting by gyrfalcons Falco rusticolus L. Mortality was low when gyrfalcons had departed for coastal wintering sites, and during summer when ptarmigan were attending nests and broods.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [gyrfalcons; falco rusticolus]
<Options>: A: gyrothyris
B: falco araea (aka falco araeus)
C: gyratrix
D: falco rufigularis
E: gyrochus
F: falco zoniventris
G: gyractis
H: gyrfalcon (aka falco rusticolus)
I: arhopalus rusticus
J: None of the above. | [H; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Natural mortality of ptarmigan was highest during autumn movements and nesting by gyrfalcons Falco rusticolus L. Mortality was low when gyrfalcons had departed for coastal wintering sites, and during summer when ptarmigan were attending nests and broods.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [gyrfalcons; falco rusticolus]
<Options>: A: gyrochus
B: gyrfalcon (aka falco rusticolus)
C: falco obsoletus (aka falco rusticolus obsoletus)
D: anthracophora rusticola
E: gyrohypnus sulcifrons (aka leptacinus sulcifrons)
F: falco rupicolus (falco tinnunculus rupicolus) (aka falco rupicolus)
G: falco canorus (aka melierax canorus)
H: gyrinicola
I: gyraulus
J: None of the above. | [B; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We reared tadpoles of the Neotropical treefrog Dendropsophus ebraccatus with or without cues from a predator (Belostoma sp.) in ecologically relevant warm or cool temperatures.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [dendropsophus ebraccatus]
<Options>: A: dendropsophus microcephalus (yellow cricket treefrog) (aka dendropsophus microcephalus)
B: dendroctonus punctatus (allegheny spruce beetle) (aka dendroctonus punctatus)
C: dendropsophus kubricki
D: dendropsophus ebraccatus (hourglass treefrog) (aka dendropsophus ebraccatus)
E: colladonus eburatus
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The transporter diversity of Magnaporthe oryzae.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [magnaporthe oryzae]
<Options>: A: phaeosphaeria oryzae (trematosphaerella oryzae) (aka phaeosphaeria oryzae)
B: hannaella oryzae (bullera oryzae) (aka hannaella oryzae)
C: magnaporthe oryzae b.c. couch, 2002 (aka pyricularia oryzae)
D: paraphaeosphaeria oryzae
E: magnaporthe poae (aka magnaporthiopsis poae)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genome of Magnaporthe oryzae contains four TRK, one HAK, and two ACU genes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [magnaporthe oryzae]
<Options>: A: magnaporthe rhizophila (aka magnaporthiopsis rhizophila)
B: phaeosphaeria oryzae (trematosphaerella oryzae) (aka phaeosphaeria oryzae)
C: magnaporthe salvinii (aka nakataea oryzae)
D: pyricularia oryzae (magnaporthe oryzae b.c. couch, 2002) (aka pyricularia oryzae)
E: paraphaeosphaeria oryzae
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The study of the expression of these genes at high K(+), K(+) starvation, and in infected rice leaves revealed that the expression of four genes, ACU1, ACU2, HAK1, and TRK1 is much lower than that of TRK2, TRK3, and TRK4, except under K(+) starvation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rice]
<Options>: A: oryzihumus
B: oryza officinalis
C: african rice (aka oryza glaberrima)
D: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
E: red rice (aka oryza sativa)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These two ATPases endow Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the capacity to grow for several generations in low Na(+) concentrations when K(+) was absent, which produces a dramatic increase of cellular Na(+)/K(+) ratio.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces pasteurianus (aka saccharomyces pastorianus)
B: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
C: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
E: saccharomyces paradoxus
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These two ATPases endow Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the capacity to grow for several generations in low Na(+) concentrations when K(+) was absent, which produces a dramatic increase of cellular Na(+)/K(+) ratio.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces pasteurianus (aka saccharomyces pastorianus)
B: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
C: saccharomyces paradoxus
D: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Citrate uptake in exchange with intermediates in the citrate metabolic pathway in Lactococcus lactis IL1403.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [lactococcus lactis]
<Options>: A: sphingobacterium lactis
B: streptococcus lactis (lister 1873) lohnis 1909 (approved lists 1980) (aka lactococcus lactis)
C: ruminococcus lactaris (aka [ruminococcus] lactaris)
D: lactococcus lactis lactis (aka lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis)
E: paenibacillus lactis
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Carbohydrate/citrate cometabolism in Lactococcus lactis results in the formation of the flavor compound acetoin.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [lactococcus lactis]
<Options>: A: lactococcus carnosus
B: streptococcus lactis b (aka lactococcus cremoris)
C: lactococcus piscium
D: streptococcus lactis (lister 1873) lohnis 1909 (approved lists 1980) (aka lactococcus lactis)
E: lactococcus plantarum (collins et al. 1984) schleifer et al. 1986 (aka lactococcus plantarum)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Resting cells of strain IL1403(pFL3) rapidly consumed citrate while producing acetoin when substoichiometric concentrations of glucose or l-lactate were present.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [il1403]
<Options>: A: bacterium imcc11711
B: bacterium enrichment culture clone ob113
C: staphylococcus aureus m1167
D: bacterium enrichment culture clone ob111
E: staphylococcus aureus m1117
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It follows that citrate metabolism in L. lactis IL1403(pFL3) splits up in two routes after the formation of pyruvate, one the well-characterized route yielding acetoin and the other a new route yielding acetate.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. lactis]
<Options>: A: lactococcus carnosus
B: lactobacillus cerevisiae (aka levilactobacillus cerevisiae)
C: lactobacillus xylosus (aka lactococcus lactis)
D: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
E: lactococcus plantarum (lactococcus plantarum (collins et al. 1984) schleifer et al. 1986) (aka lactococcus plantarum)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Pathways to immunity: temporal dynamics of the bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) immune response against a trypanosomal gut parasite.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bombus terrestris]
<Options>: A: large earth bumblebee (aka bombus terrestris)
B: bombus terrestris africanus
C: bombus montivagus (aka bombus trifasciatus)
D: bombus magnus
E: bombus terricola
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Using a gene discovery approach, we have identified genes relating to signalling, enzymatic processes and respiration that were up-regulated in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, during infection with the trypanosomatid parasite, Crithidia bombi.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bombus terrestris; crithidia bombi]
<Options>: A: bactrocera infesta (aka zeugodacus infestus)
B: bombus montivagus (aka bombus trifasciatus)
C: criorhina bomboides
D: bombus terricola
E: bactrocera raiensis
F: bombus funebris
G: bombus terrestris (large earth bumblebee) (aka bombus terrestris)
H: bombus borealis
I: crithidia bombi
J: None of the above. | [G; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Using a gene discovery approach, we have identified genes relating to signalling, enzymatic processes and respiration that were up-regulated in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, during infection with the trypanosomatid parasite, Crithidia bombi.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bombus terrestris; crithidia bombi]
<Options>: A: bombus terrestris (large earth bumblebee) (aka bombus terrestris)
B: starmerella bombi (candida bombi) (aka starmerella bombi)
C: bombus terricola
D: bombus funebris
E: bactrocera trilineola
F: bombus californicus
G: bombus (aka bombus <genus>)
H: crithidia ricardoi
I: crithidia bombi
J: bombus montivagus (aka bombus trifasciatus)
K: None of the above. | [A; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, we have mapped dynamic changes in the temporal expression of these genes and three candidate antimicrobial peptide (AMP) immune genes, Abaecin, Defensin and Hymenoptaecin, from 1 to 24 h after C. bombi infection.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. bombi]
<Options>: A: crithidia bombi
B: cymbulia borealis (aka cymbulia peronii)
C: cybaeus charlesi
D: criorhina bomboides
E: bactrocera mayi (dacus mayi) (aka bactrocera mayi)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, we have mapped dynamic changes in the temporal expression of these genes and three candidate antimicrobial peptide (AMP) immune genes, Abaecin, Defensin and Hymenoptaecin, from 1 to 24 h after C. bombi infection.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. bombi]
<Options>: A: cybaeus charlesi
B: cymbulia borealis (aka cymbulia peronii)
C: bactrocera mayi (dacus mayi) (aka bactrocera mayi)
D: criorhina bomboides
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We show that dynamic changes in expression occur for individual genes at distinct phases of the immune response to C. bombi that correspond to early, intermediate and late stages of infection.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. bombi]
<Options>: A: caridina babaulti
B: bombus morrisoni
C: bombus jacobsoni (aka bombus lucorum)
D: batocera parryi (aka batocera calanus)
E: crithidia bombi
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Spiral architecture of the nucleoid in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]
<Options>: A: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus w
B: bacteriovorax (bacteriolyticum) (aka bacteriovorax)
C: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
D: bacillus amylovorus (aka erwinia amylovora)
E: bdellovibrio reynosensis
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We present a cryo-electron tomographic analysis of the three-dimensional architecture of a strain of the Gram-negative bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus in which endogenous MreB2 was replaced with monomeric teal fluorescent protein (mTFP)-labeled MreB2.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]
<Options>: A: brevibacterium profundi
B: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
C: bdellovibrio reynosensis
D: bdellovibrionia
E: bdellovibrionia bacterium
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The three vibrio cholerae chromosome II-encoded ParE toxins degrade chromosome', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [vibrio cholerae]
<Options>: A: vibrio aspartigenicus ('vibrio aspartigenicus') (aka vibrio aspartigenicus)
B: vibrio subtilis (aka bacillus subtilis)
C: vibrio albus
D: vibrio mexicanus
E: vibrio cholerae-asiaticae (aka vibrio cholerae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Three homologues of the plasmid RK2 ParDE toxin-antitoxin system are present in the Vibrio cholerae genome within the superintegron on chromosome II.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [vibrio cholerae]
<Options>: A: vibrio intestinalis
B: vibrio gallicus
C: vibrio mexicanus
D: vibrio coli (aka campylobacter coli)
E: vibrio albensis (aka vibrio cholerae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'ParE-mediated DNA damage activates the V. cholerae SOS response, which in turn likely accounts for ParE's inhibition of cell division.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [v. cholerae]
<Options>: A: vibrio amylolyticus
B: vibrio aspartigenicus ('vibrio aspartigenicus') (aka vibrio aspartigenicus)
C: vibrio aerogenes
D: vibrio equitatus ('vibrio equitatus') (aka vibrio equitatus)
E: vibrio cholerae (vibrio cholerae biovar albensis) (aka vibrio cholerae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Derepression of ParE activity in DeltaparAB2 mutant V. cholerae cells that have lost chromosome II contributes to the prominent DNA degradation that accompanies the death of these cells.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [v. cholerae]
<Options>: A: vibrio jejuni (aka campylobacter jejuni)
B: pacinia cholerae-asiaticae (aka vibrio cholerae)
C: vibrio amylolyticus
D: vibrio indicus ('vibrio indicus') (aka vibrio indicus)
E: vibrio aspartigenicus ('vibrio aspartigenicus') (aka vibrio aspartigenicus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thus, the parDE loci aid in the maintenance of the integrity of the V. cholerae superintegron and in ensuring the inheritance of chromosome II.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [v. cholerae]
<Options>: A: vibrio jejuni (aka campylobacter jejuni)
B: vibrio cholera (aka vibrio cholerae)
C: vibrio septicus (aka clostridium septicum)
D: vibrio aspartigenicus ('vibrio aspartigenicus') (aka vibrio aspartigenicus)
E: vibrio amylolyticus
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Three motAB stator gene products in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus contribute to motility of a single flagellum during predatory and prey-independent growth.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]
<Options>: A: pseudobdellovibrio
B: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
C: bacteriovoracia bacterium
D: bdellovibrionota bacterium
E: brevibacterium gallinarum
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The predatory bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus uses flagellar motility to locate regions rich in Gram-negative prey bacteria, colliding and attaching to prey and then ceasing flagellar motility.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]
<Options>: A: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
B: brevibacterium profundi
C: bdellovibrio bacteriovirus
D: bdellovibrio chlorellavorus (aka vampirovibrio chlorellavorus)
E: bdellovibrio stolpii (aka bacteriovorax stolpii)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The predatory bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus uses flagellar motility to locate regions rich in Gram-negative prey bacteria, colliding and attaching to prey and then ceasing flagellar motility.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]
<Options>: A: bdellovibrio bacteriovirus
B: bdellovibrio stolpii (aka bacteriovorax stolpii)
C: brevibacterium profundi
D: bdellovibrio chlorellavorus (aka vampirovibrio chlorellavorus)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Prey are then invaded to form a "bdelloplast" in a type IV pilus-dependent process, and prey contents are digested, allowing Bdellovibrio growth and septation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio]
<Options>: A: bdellovibrio chlorellavorus (aka vampirovibrio chlorellavorus)
B: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
C: bdellovibrio sp.
D: bdellovibrio stolpii (aka bacteriovorax stolpii)
E: bdellovibrio reynosensis
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'After septation, Bdellovibrio flagellar motility resumes inside the prey bdelloplast prior to its lysis and escape of Bdellovibrio progeny.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio]
<Options>: A: bdellovibrionia
B: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
C: bdellovibrio bacteriovirus
D: bdellovibrio sp. p
E: bdellovibrio stolpii (aka bacteriovorax stolpii)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Bdellovibrio can also grow slowly outside prey as long flagellate host-independent (HI) cells, cultured on peptone-rich media.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio]
<Options>: A: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus w
B: bdellovibrio sp. etb
C: bdellovibrio starrii (aka peredibacter starrii)
D: bdellovibrio stolpii (aka bacteriovorax stolpii)
E: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. bacteriovorus HD100 genome encodes three pairs of MotAB flagellar motor proteins, each of which could potentially form an inner membrane ion channel, interact with the FliG flagellar rotor ring, and produce flagellar rotation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. bacteriovorus hd100]
<Options>: A: bacterium bth
B: butyricimonas faecalis
C: bacteriovoracia bacterium
D: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
E: bacillus piscicola
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In 2004, Flannagan and coworkers (R. S. Flannagan, M. A. Valvano, and S. F. Koval, Microbiology 150:649-656, 2004) used antisense RNA and green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression to downregulate a single Bdellovibrio motA gene and reported slowed release from the bdelloplast and altered motility of the progeny.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio]
<Options>: A: bdellovibrio stolpii (aka bacteriovorax stolpii)
B: bdellovibrio bacteriovirus
C: bdellovibrio sp. l
D: bdellovibrionia
E: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thus, Bdellovibrio is a "dedicated motorist," retaining and expressing three pairs of mot genes.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bdellovibrio]
<Options>: A: bdellovibrio svalbardensis
B: bdellovibrio stolpii (aka bacteriovorax stolpii)
C: bdellovibrio exovorus (aka pseudobdellovibrio exovorus)
D: bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
E: pseudobdellovibrio
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mapping functional domains of colicin M.
Colicin M (Cma) lyses Escherichia coli cells by inhibiting murein biosynthesis through hydrolysis of the phosphate ester between C(55)-polyisoprenol and N-acetylmuramyl (MurNAc)-pentapeptide-GlcNAc in the periplasm.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia coli nissle 1917 (escherichia coli strain nissle 1917) (aka escherichia coli nissle 1917)
B: entamoeba coli
C: enterobacter aerogenes (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
D: escherichia
E: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'OsHMA3, a P1B-type of ATPase affects root-to-shoot cadmium translocation in rice by mediating efflux into vacuoles.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rice]
<Options>: A: african rice (aka oryza glaberrima)
B: oryzihumus
C: african wild rice (aka oryza barthii)
D: oryza
E: red rice (aka oryza sativa)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The cadmium (Cd) over-accumulating rice (Oryza sativa) cv Cho-Ko-Koku was previously shown to have an enhanced rate of root-to-shoot Cd translocation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rice; oryza sativa; cv cho-ko-koku]
<Options>: A: convolvulus kotschyanus
B: kokobera virus
C: kotonkon virus
D: oryza perennis
E: oryzopsis (ricegrass) (aka oryzopsis)
F: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
G: cheoctovirus chuckly
H: oryza
I: oryza nivara
J: korotkevich virus
K: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
L: oryza latifolia
M: asian cultivated rice (aka oryza sativa)
N: None of the above. | [M; M; M] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The cadmium (Cd) over-accumulating rice (Oryza sativa) cv Cho-Ko-Koku was previously shown to have an enhanced rate of root-to-shoot Cd translocation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rice; oryza sativa; cv cho-ko-koku]
<Options>: A: oryza officinalis
B: chrocajork virus
C: oryza perennis
D: convolvulus kotschyanus
E: red rice (aka oryza rufipogon)
F: oryza nivara
G: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
H: choclo virus
I: african wild rice (aka oryza barthii)
J: red rice (aka oryza sativa)
K: korotkevich virus
L: oryzihumus
M: kokobera virus
N: oryza
O: None of the above. | [J; J; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The cadmium (Cd) over-accumulating rice (Oryza sativa) cv Cho-Ko-Koku was previously shown to have an enhanced rate of root-to-shoot Cd translocation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rice; oryza sativa; cv cho-ko-koku]
<Options>: A: chrocacusk virus
B: oryzopsis (ricegrass) (aka oryzopsis)
C: convolvulus kotschyanus
D: oryza officinalis
E: oryza perennis
F: kotonkon virus
G: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
H: australian wild rice (aka oryza meridionalis)
I: cheoctovirus chuckly
J: oryzihumus
K: red rice (aka oryza sativa)
L: chrocakyrk virus
M: oryza rufipogon (common wild rice) (aka oryza rufipogon)
N: None of the above. | [K; K; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'OsHMA3 fused to green fluorescent protein was localized to vacuolar membranes in plants and yeast.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
C: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
D: saccharomycodes
E: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'An OsHMA3 transgene complemented Cd sensitivity in a yeast mutant that lacks the ability to transport Cd into vacuoles.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
B: torulaspora lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
C: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
D: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: torulaspora hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By contrast, OsHMA3mc did not complement the Cd sensitivity of this yeast mutant, indicating that the OsHMA3mc transport function was lost.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: torulaspora lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
B: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
C: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
D: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
E: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By contrast, OsHMA3mc did not complement the Cd sensitivity of this yeast mutant, indicating that the OsHMA3mc transport function was lost.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
B: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: torulaspora lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We propose that the root cell cytoplasm of Cd-overaccumulating rice plants has more Cd available for loading into the xylem as a result of the lack of OsHMA3-mediated transportation of Cd to the vacuoles.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rice plants]
<Options>: A: oryza
B: ricefishes (aka oryziinae)
C: rice bean (aka vigna umbellata)
D: asian cultivated rice (aka oryza sativa)
E: oryza glaberrima (african rice) (aka oryza glaberrima)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These data demonstrate the importance of vacuolar sequestration for Cd accumulation in rice.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rice]
<Options>: A: red rice (aka oryza sativa)
B: oryza officinalis
C: oryzihumus
D: oryza glaberrima (african rice) (aka oryza glaberrima)
E: oryza perennis
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'FAD binding by ApbE protein from Salmonella enterica: a new class of FAD-binding proteins.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [salmonella enterica]
<Options>: A: salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortus (salmonella abortus) (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortus)
B: salmonella typhisuis (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhisuis)
C: bacillus typhimurium (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium)
D: salmonella choleraesuis (aka salmonella enterica)
E: salmonella paratyphi (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi a)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional and phylogenetic analysis of ureD in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia coli c
B: escherichia coli 97.1742
C: escherichia coli nissle 1917 (escherichia coli strain nissle 1917) (aka escherichia coli nissle 1917)
D: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
E: escherichia coli 99.1793
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a food-borne pathogen that can cause severe health complications and utilizes a much lower infectious dose than other E. coli pathotypes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; ehec; e. coli]
<Options>: A: enteromonas
B: escherichia freundii (aka citrobacter freundii)
C: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: e. coli w (aka escherichia coli w)
E: escherichia coli c
F: escherichia coli o157
G: escherichia coli epec11
H: enterobacter aerogenes (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
I: escherichia coli nissle 1917 (escherichia coli strain nissle 1917) (aka escherichia coli nissle 1917)
J: entamoeba coli
K: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
L: bordetella bronchiseptica (haemophilus bronchisepticus) (aka bordetella bronchiseptica)
M: None of the above. | [C; C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a food-borne pathogen that can cause severe health complications and utilizes a much lower infectious dose than other E. coli pathotypes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; ehec; e. coli]
<Options>: A: enteromonas
B: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
C: entamoeba coli
D: escherichia
E: bacterium enterocoliticum (aka yersinia enterocolitica)
F: enterobacter aerogenes (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
G: escherichia coli h7
H: bordetella bronchiseptica (haemophilus bronchisepticus) (aka bordetella bronchiseptica)
I: escherichia coli c
J: e. coli w (aka escherichia coli w)
K: bacillus coli (aka escherichia coli)
L: escherichia freundii (aka citrobacter freundii)
M: None of the above. | [K; K; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a food-borne pathogen that can cause severe health complications and utilizes a much lower infectious dose than other E. coli pathotypes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; ehec; e. coli]
<Options>: A: entamoeba coli
B: e. coli w (aka escherichia coli w)
C: escherichia freundii (aka citrobacter freundii)
D: bordetella bronchiseptica (haemophilus bronchisepticus) (aka bordetella bronchiseptica)
E: enteromonas
F: escherichia
G: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
H: enterobacter aerogenes (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
I: bacterium enterocoliticum (aka yersinia enterocolitica)
J: escherichia coli c
K: escherichia coli h7
L: None of the above. | [L; L; L] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a food-borne pathogen that can cause severe health complications and utilizes a much lower infectious dose than other E. coli pathotypes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; ehec; e. coli]
<Options>: A: entamoeba coli
B: escherichia coli nissle 1917 (escherichia coli strain nissle 1917) (aka escherichia coli nissle 1917)
C: escherichia coli o157
D: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
E: escherichia coli 9.1796
F: haemophilus bronchisepticus (aka bordetella bronchiseptica)
G: escherichia coli h7
H: enterobacter aerogenes (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
I: escherichia coli epec11
J: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
K: escherichia coli c
L: None of the above. | [J; J; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Despite having an intact ure locus, ureDABCEFG, the majority of EHEC strains are phenotypically urease negative under tested conditions.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ehec]
<Options>: A: escherichia virus egaa (aka hanrivervirus egaa)
B: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
C: escherichia coli epec11
D: exiguobacterium homiense ('exiguobacterium homiense') (aka exiguobacterium homiense)
E: helicobacter equorum
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Urease activity potentially assists with survival fitness by enhancing acid tolerance during passage through the stomach or by aiding with colonization in either human or animal reservoirs.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: pediculus humanus humanus (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
B: great apes (aka hominidae)
C: neandertal (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: gymnopleurus humanus
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previously, in the EHEC O157:H7 Sakai strain, a point mutation in ureD, encoding a urease chaperone protein, was identified, resulting in a substitution of an amber stop codon for glutamine.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ehec o157:h7]
<Options>: A: escherichia coli o157:h9
B: escherichia coli o157:h51
C: escherichia coli o157:h26
D: escherichia coli o157:h45
E: entamoeba coli
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is observed in the majority of EHEC O157:H7 isolates and correlates with a negative urease phenotype in vitro.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ehec o157:h7]
<Options>: A: escherichia coli o157:h43
B: escherichia coli :h7
C: escherichia coli o157:h12
D: escherichia coli o157:h16
E: escherichia coli o157:h11
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Multilocus sequence typing analysis for a variety of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli isolates combined with the ureD sequence reveals that except for a subset of the O157:H7 strains, neither the in vitro urease-positive phenotype nor the ureD sequence is phylogenetically restricted.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli; o157:h7]
<Options>: A: escherichia coli o157
B: escherichia
C: escherichia coli h7
D: escherichia coli h736
E: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
F: escherichia coli stec_o31
G: entamoeba coli
H: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
I: e. coli w (aka escherichia coli w)
J: escherichia coli o157:h26
K: None of the above. | [H; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Multilocus sequence typing analysis for a variety of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli isolates combined with the ureD sequence reveals that except for a subset of the O157:H7 strains, neither the in vitro urease-positive phenotype nor the ureD sequence is phylogenetically restricted.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli; o157:h7]
<Options>: A: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
B: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
C: escherichia coli o157:h51
D: escherichia coli o157:h7
E: escherichia coli o157:h26
F: escherichia coli o157
G: e. coli w (aka escherichia coli w)
H: escherichia freundii (aka citrobacter freundii)
I: escherichia coli h7
J: escherichia coli 9.1796
K: None of the above. | [B; B] |
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