paper_id stringlengths 10 10 ⌀ | yes_no bool 2
classes | paper_index int64 0 519 ⌀ | evidence stringlengths 0 37.7k | question stringlengths 4 11.7k | answer stringlengths 1 26k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
null | false | null | Roosevelt attended Groton School, Harvard College, and Columbia Law School, going on to practice law in New York City. He won election to the New York State Senate in 1910 and then served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy under president Woodrow Wilson during World War I. Roosevelt was James M. Cox's running mate on t... | Please give me a quick overview of Franklin Roosevelt's career. | Franklin Delano Roosevelt was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. He previously served as the 44th governor of New York from 1929 to 1933, the Assistant Secretary of the Navy from 1913 to 1920, and a member of the New York S... |
null | false | 164 | The output of our measurement procedures (in the social sciences often called the “scores”) must now be assessed in terms of their reliability and validity with regard to the (systemized) concept. Reliability aims to capture repeatability, i.e. the extent to which a given tool provides consistent results.
Validity asse... | How are most models primarily evaluated in NLP and machine learning? | In NLP and machine learning, most models are primarily evaluated by comparing the machine-generated labels against an annotated sample. |
null | false | null | "Robert Stinnett's Day of Deceit suggests a memorandum prepared by Commander McCollum was central to U.S. policy in the immediate pre-war period. Stinnett claims the memo suggests only a direct attack on U.S. interests would sway the American public (or Congress) to favor direct involvement in the European war, specifi... | Briefly summarize this paragraph on a Pearl Harbor conspiracy theory. | This paragraph summarizes both Robert Stinnett's argument that the US government intentionally provoked the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the counter-arguments. Stinnett's case is based largely on a memo from Commander McCollom stating that the only way to US population and its elected officials could be convince... |
null | false | 19 | Here we study the errors produced by our system on the English test set to better understand the remaining shortcomings of the approach. A small portion of the wrong predictions point to an incorrect interpretation of the morpho-syntactic conditioning of the context, e.g. the system predicted plan instead of plans in t... | In what way does the team better understand the remaining shortcomings of the approach? | They study the errors produced by their system on the English test set to better understand the remaining shortcomings of the approach. |
null | false | null | Give a list of the different kinds of fire trucks that exist. | How firefighting trucks and equipment are classified varies from country to country but in the United States there are a few general categories of fire trucks. Fire Engines are what most people think of when they think of a fire truck. It has a combination of hoses, ladders, and other equipment but also carries several... | |
null | false | null | What are some of the best TV shows on HBO? | HBO is famous for its award-winning TV shows, with some of the most critically successful and popular shows being the Sopranos, The Wire, Succession, The White Lotus, Game of Thrones (and its sequel show, House of the Dragon). Most recently, the Last of Us, a post-apocalyptic series based on the award winning video gam... | |
null | false | null | What are some common wilderness and survival skills? | Some common survival skills are ones that do not rely on carrying specific equipment but do require a working knowledge of prior to being stranded int he wilderness. Being able to use a map and compass is top of mind, as if you are lost ,finding your way back to civilization in short order is critical, particularly if ... | |
null | false | null | Give me a numbered list of all chapters' title from the book, "12 Rules for Life" by Jordan B Peterson. | 1. Stand up straight with your shoulders back.
2. Treat yourself like you are someone you are responsible for helping.
3. Make friends with people who want the best for you.
4. Compare yourself to who you were yesterday, not to who someone else is today.
5. Do not let your children do anything that makes you dislike th... | |
null | false | 302 | Gates Recurrent Neural Network (GRU) BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 and attention layer are used in sequential NLP problems and successful results are reported in different studies. Figure FIGREF11 shows the diagram of our model.
GRU- has been widely used in the literature to model sequential problems. RNN applies the same set of ... | What do they demonstrate the presence of emotion words as? | An 8 dimension feature, presenting all 8 emotion categories of the NRC lexicon. |
null | false | null | The Russo-Ukrainian War is an ongoing international conflict between Russia, alongside Russian-backed separatists, and Ukraine, which began in February 2014. Following Ukraine's Revolution of Dignity, Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine and supported pro-Russian separatists fighting the Ukrainian military in the Donbas ... | What is Russia-Ukraine Conflict? | The decision by Ukraine to move toward stronger connections with the European Union, which was opposed by Russia, set off the Russo-Ukrainian War, which started in 2014. The majority of the fighting has been in Ukraine's east, where pro-Russian separatists have proclaimed independent republics. With the backing of West... |
null | false | null | The Gulag was the government agency in charge of the Soviet network of forced labour camps which were set up by order of Vladimir Lenin, reaching its peak during Joseph Stalin's rule from the 1930s to the early 1950s. English-language speakers also use the word gulag in reference to each of the forced-labor camps that ... | What were gulags and who lived in them? | Gulags were forced labour camps created during the Soviet Union that were used as an instrument of political repression and punishment. Gulags housed a wide range of individuals, from political prisoners to petty criminals. |
1706.08032 | false | null | Stanford - Twitter Sentiment Corpus (STS Corpus): STS Corpus contains 1,600K training tweets collected by a crawler from BIBREF0 . BIBREF0 constructed a test set manually with 177 negative and 182 positive tweets. The Stanford test set is small. However, it has been widely used in different evaluation tasks BIBREF0 BIB... | Which datasets did they use? | The answers are shown as follows:
* Stanford - Twitter Sentiment Corpus (STS Corpus)
* Sanders - Twitter Sentiment Corpus
* Health Care Reform (HCR)
|
null | false | null | Christoph Karl von Piacsek was a Hungarian officer in Habsburg military service during the French Revolutionary Wars. He was born in 1749 in Klobusics (Hungarian: Klobusic; Czech: Klobušice), in the commune of Trencsén, in the Kingdom of Hungary. As a Rittmeister, or captain of cavalry, in the 9th Hussar Regiment, he r... | When did Christoph Karl von Piacsek serve as a Hungarian officer? | Christoph Karl von Piacsek served as a Hungarian officer in Habsburg military service during the French Revolutionary Wars. |
null | false | null | I'm going to try a keto diet, which means I should prioritise fat and avoid carbs. Which of these foods should I prioritise and which should I avoid? rice, mayonnaise, avocado, pastry, olive oil, bread, cheese and crackers. | You should prioritise the following foods because they are high in fat: cheese, avocado, mayonnaise, olive oil. You should avoid the foods that are high in carbs, including: rice, bread, pastry, crackers | |
null | false | null | What are your favourite films? | Le Bossu is a French language film starring Daniel Auteuil is an excellent film that I've watched many times. I also enjoy the same actor's great film, Jean de Florette and its sequel Manon des Sources, which are, combined, an incredible tale of betrayal, love, and revenge. If I had to choose a director, I would recomm... | |
null | false | null | What is a benefit of salsa dancing? | Salsa dancing is a great way to meet new people. Whether it is through dance lessons or going out to a salsa club, the social nature of salsa dancing makes it a good way to expand your social circle and increase your social activities. | |
null | false | null | What is a Cheque card? | This type of card is issued by a bank to a customer. It guarantees that a cheque used with the card will be paid if the person issuing the cheque has kept to all the conditions. | |
null | false | null | Tell me which of these are sweet or salty: juice, potato chips, cake, cheese | The salty items are: potato chips, cheese
The sweet items are: juice, cake | |
1909.08824 | false | null | We first compare the perplexity of CWVAE with baseline methods. Perplexity measures the probability of model to regenerate the exact targets, which is particular suitable for evaluating the model performance on one-to-many problem BIBREF20. Further, we employ BLEU score to evaluate the accuracy of generations BIBREF21,... | How do they measure the diversity of inferences? | by number of distinct n-grams |
null | false | null | Which of the following races do participants run in? A marathon, a triathlon, an aqua bike? | A marathon and a triathlon | |
null | false | 92 | The dataset statistics can be found in Table TABREF7. The number of examples we collected increases per round, starting with approximately 19k examples for Round 1, to around 47k examples for Round 2, to over 103k examples for Round 3. We collected more data for later rounds not only because that data is likely to be m... | Is the average number of “tries" useful for evaluating model quality? | Yes, it is. |
null | false | null | How can you prepare for a longer airplane flight with children? | Taking longer airplane flights with children can be stressful. With some planning you can alleviate some of the stress and keep yourself and your children ready for the journey. In preparation for your trip make sure that you cover the basics of food, hydration, entertainment and comfort. Food: While most longer fli... | |
null | false | 154 | Four publicly available corpora are selected for our analysis. These corpora are based on Wikipedia, so more comparable than the others, and have already been used for the evaluation of several QA systems.
WikiQA BIBREF6 comprises questions selected from the Bing search queries, where user click data give the questions... | How many questions are in the INFOBOXQA based on the infoboxes from 150 articles in Wikipedia? | 15K+ questions. |
null | false | null | Charles Inglis was the second son of Dr. Alexander Inglis (a general practitioner in Worcester) and his first wife, Florence, the daughter of newspaper proprietor John Frederick Feeney. His elder brother was the historian John Alexander Inglis FRSE Their father, Alexander Inglis was born in Scotland to a respectable fa... | Given this paragraph about Charles Inglis, give answers to the following: his father's name, his colleague's name, and his grandfather's occupation. | Alexander Inglis, Alexander Gibb, Admiral in the Royal Navy |
null | false | null | Name some famous actors from the 1930's | Shirley Temple, Bette Davis, Clark Gable, Cary Grant, Lionel Barrymore, Marlene Dietrich, Errol Flynn, Greta Garbo, Katharine Hepburn, Fred Astaire, Barbara Stanwyck, Joan Crawford, Ginger Rogers, Gary Cooper, Carole Lombard, John Gilbert. | |
null | false | null | The human brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system. The brain consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. It controls most of the activities of the body, processing, integrating, and coordinating the information it receives from... | Given this paragraph about the human brain, how does my brain know that I'm touching something hot? | Humans process information from the various sensory systems via the central nervous system. The nerves in your hand are integral to your sense of touch. When your fingers touch something hot, the nerves in your hand quickly transmit that information through the nervous system to the central nervous system. After proces... |
null | false | null | Starbucks, an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain, has been the subject of multiple controversies. Public and employee criticism against the company has come from around the world, including a wide range issues from tax avoidance in Europe, anti-competitive practices in the United States, human rights issues ... | In which regions has Starbucks come under scrutiny? | Criticism of Starbucks has been noted in Europe, the United States, as well as Africa. |
null | false | null | The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California. UCLA's academic roots were established in 1881 as a normal school then known as the southern branch of the California State Normal School (now San José State University). This school was absorbed with... | List the two oldest University of California campuses separated by a semicolon. | UC Berkeley; UCLA |
null | false | 153 | We experimented with discriminative models for our submission. Object level image representations gave a huge uplift in the evaluation metrics. Bi-directional GRUs constantly performed better than uni-directional LSTMs with Memory Networks outperforming Late fusion encoders for encoding conversational history. We even ... | Who performs better in their experiment? Bi-directional GRUs or uni-directional LSTMs? | Bi-directional GRUs. |
null | false | null | Does Las Vegas have a professional hockey team? | The Vegas Golden Knights are a professional ice hockey team based in the Las Vegas metropolitan area. They compete in the National Hockey League as a member of the Pacific Division in the Western Conference. | |
null | false | null | What is tertiary analysis? | Tertiary analysis is a type of analysis that looks at a company's financial statements to evaluate the financial performance of the company. It focuses on the company's profitability, cash flow, and debt level. | |
null | false | null | What are some benefits of public transportation? | Public transportation is better for the environment. Buses and trains emit less carbon dioxide per person than private transportation. Public transportation is more affordable than private transportation. By spreading out the cost of transportation ownership and maintenance among the large number of public transportati... | |
null | false | null | The Yugoslav Cup was a tournament for which clubs from all tiers of the football pyramid were eligible to enter. In addition, amateur teams put together by individual Yugoslav People's Army garrisons and various factories and industrial plants were also encouraged to enter, which meant that each cup edition could have ... | Write down some points on Yugoslav Cup using given paragraph as a base. | 1. Clubs from all levels of the football pyramid were eligible to participate in the Yugoslav Cup.
2. Additionally, amateur teams assembled by numerous enterprises and industrial plants as well as individual Yugoslav People's Army garrisons were encouraged to compete, which meant that each cup edition may include thous... |
null | false | null | The Ways to Love a Man is a studio album by American country artist, Tammy Wynette. It was released on January 26, 1970 via Epic Records and was the seventh studio album in Wynette's career. The disc consisted of 11 tracks which included both original material and cover recordings. Its title track was the album's only ... | The album the ways to love a man by Tammy Wynette | The Ways to Love a Man is a studio album by American country artist, Tammy Wynette. It was released on January 26, 1970 via Epic Records and was the seventh studio album in Wynette's career. The disc consisted of 11 tracks which included both original material and cover recordings.
Its title track was the album's onl... |
null | false | 161 | EmotionLines BIBREF6 is a dialogue dataset composed of two subsets, Friends and EmotionPush, according to the source of the dialogues. The former comes from the scripts of the Friends TV sitcom. The other is made up of Facebook messenger chats. Each subset includes $1,000$ English dialogues, and each dialogue can be fu... | What are the two subsets of the emotionline? | Friends and EmotionPush. |
null | false | 13 | Our future work will be mainly focused on providing a baseline system for interactive learning which will be evaluated on the dataset. We are also planning improvements for dialog management that is used to gain explanations during the data collection. We believe that with conversation about specific aspects of the dis... | What is the author's plan for his future work? | Their future work will be mainly focused on providing a baseline system for interactive learning which will be evaluated on the dataset. They are also planning improvements for dialog management that is used to gain explanations during the data collection. |
null | false | null | Contrast bathing can be used to reduce swelling around injuries or to aid recovery from exercise. It can also significantly improve muscle recovery following exercise by reducing the levels of blood lactate concentration. For any injury presenting with palpable swelling and heat, and visible redness - such as a strain/... | What is contrast therapy used for? | Contrast bathing can be used to reduce swelling around injuries or to aid recovery from exercise. |
null | false | 379 | Neural machine translation (NMT) BIBREF2 , BIBREF3 , BIBREF4 , BIBREF5 is a deep learning-based method for translation that has recently shown promising results as an alternative to statistical approaches. NMT systems directly model the probability of the next word in the target sentence simply by conditioning a recurr... | What model do they compress when running experiments? | A large state-ofthe-art 4 × 1000 LSTM model. |
null | false | 249 | Web 2.0 has had a substantial impact on communication and relationships in today's society. Children and teenagers go online more frequently, at younger ages, and in more diverse ways (e.g. smartphones, laptops and tablets). Although most of teenagers' Internet use is harmless and the benefits of digital communication ... | Why is early detection of cyberbullying attempts important to youngsters' mental well-being? | Because the prevalence of cyberbullying is a serious problem and can lead to dramatic consequences. |
null | false | null | What is a snook? | A snook is an inshore fish species. They cannot be commercially fished. If you want to eat a snook, you will need to catch it yourself. Snook catch limits are highly regulated by Florida fish and wildlife. | |
null | false | 145 | Recent migration to transformer based architectures in language modeling from LSTM models is justified as Transformer-XL obtains strong perplexity results. BERT model also obtains very low pseudo-perplexity scores but it is inequitable to the unidirectional models. Our major contributions in this project, is the use of... | What are the authors’ major contributions in this project? | The use of Transformer-XL architectures for the Finnish language in a sub-word setting, and the formulation of pseudo perplexity for the BERT model. |
1910.00825 | false | null | We show all the models' results in Table TABREF24. We observe that SPNet reaches the highest score in both ROUGE and CIC. Both Pointer-Generator and Transformer achieve high ROUGE scores, but a relative low CIC scores. It suggests that the baselines have more room for improvement on preserving critical slot information... | By how much does SPNet outperforms state-of-the-art abstractive summarization methods on evaluation metrics? | SPNet vs best baseline:
ROUGE-1: 90.97 vs 90.68
CIC: 70.45 vs 70.25 |
null | false | null | Give me a few recipes you could make with bread, butter, eggs, and cheese where I have a stovetop, toaster, and a frying pan. | Here are a few recipes you could make with the ingredients and tools you mentioned.
1. Grilled cheese and sunny-side up eggs:
Warm up your frying pan on the stove top. Heat a small amount of butter on the frying pan until melted and then place two slices of bread side-by-side into the pan. Place cheese on one slice of... | |
null | false | null | Give me a bulleted list of the top five most followed people on instagram. | 1. @cristiano
2. @leomessi
3. @selenagomez
4. @kyliejenner
5. @therock | |
null | false | null | What is an experiment? | An experiment is a scientific process that uses the element of discovery and hypothesis to test out a known fact. A series of actions are executed and then a person observes the outcomes of those actions. Experiments also give us insight into cause and effect. The best way to develop an experiment is to come up with... | |
null | false | null | Which is stronger - a lion or a tiger? | It really depends on what attributes are being judged. If we look at one of the most telling traits between the two - the family - the lion would be the clear winner. They live in prides and hunt as a family unit. They also rely on the pride to protect their young and their territory from invaders. A tiger is a sol... | |
null | false | null | Who is the greatest tennis player of all time? | Serena Williams | |
1904.05862 | true | null | What is the impact of pre-trained representations with less transcribed data? In order to get a better understanding of this, we train acoustic models with different amounts of labeled training data and measure accuracy with and without pre-trained representations (log-mel filterbanks). The pre-trained representations ... | Do they explore how much traning data is needed for which magnitude of improvement for WER? | Yes. |
null | false | 164 | Preparing the data can be a complex and time-consuming process, often involving working with partially or wholly unstructured data. The pre-processing steps have a big impact on the operationalizations, subsequent analyses and reproducibility efforts BIBREF30 , and they are usually tightly linked to what we intend to m... | In data pre-processing, what are other common steps apart from tokenization? | Lowercasing, removing punctuation, stemming (removing suffixes), lemmatization (converting inflections to a base lemma), and normalization. |
null | false | 349 | Generating descriptions for multimedia contents such as images and videos, so called Image Captioning, is helpful for e-commerce companies or news agencies. For instance, in e-commerce field, people will no longer need to put much effort into understanding and describing products' images on their websites because image... | What are the main resources used from MS-COCO? | Images are used. |
null | false | null | At international level, Hagi played for the Romania national team in three FIFA World Cups, in 1990, 1994 (where he was named in the World Cup All-Star Team after helping his nation to the quarter-finals of the tournament) and 1998; as well as in three UEFA European Championships, in 1984, 1996 and 2000. He won a total... | Given this paragraph about Gheorge Hagi, tell me which were his top achievements in the Romanian football team. | Gheorghe Hagi is arguably the best Romanian football player holding the record for most goals scored with the national team. He participated in 3 World Cups and 3 European Championships and he was awarded a spot in the World Cup All-Start Team in 1994. |
null | false | null | What are 5 different edible uses for Tomatoes? | - Marinara Sauce
- Salsa
- Hamburger Topping
- Bruschetta
- BLT | |
null | false | null | How do I do a headstand? | Start in a tabletop position with your knees on the ground and your hands placed underneath your shoulders. Draw your chin into your chest and lower the crown of your head onto the ground. Curl your toes under and lift your knees up off the ground. Place each knee on your tricep. Push into the heal of your palm to ... | |
null | false | null | In 1066, several rival claimants to the English throne emerged. Among them were Harold Godwinson (recognised as king by the Witenagemot after the death of Edward the Confessor), Harald Hardrada (King of Norway who claimed to be the rightful heir of Harthacnut) and Duke William II of Normandy (vassal to the King of Fran... | Which leaders claimed the English throne in 1066? | Harold Godwinson, Harald Hardrada, and Duke William II of Normandy all claimed the English throne in 1066. |
null | false | null | What are the characteristics of chihuahuas? | Chihuahuas are among the smallest of the dog breeds. Small in size but confident and big-dog natured. They originated from Mexico with lineage going back to ancient kingdoms of pre-Columbian times. Chihuahuas are extremely loyal, known for having close attachments with their owners. Their distinct features include over... | |
null | false | null | Richton-Perry County Airport covers an area of 55 acres (22 ha) at an elevation of 167 feet (51 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 18/36 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,000 by 60 feet (914 x 18 m).
For the 12-month period ending November 17, 2011, the airport had 1,400 general aviation aircraft ... | How large is the runway of the Richton-Perry County Airport? | The single runway at the Richton-Perry County Airport is 18000 square feet in area (it's dimensions are 3,000 by 60 feet) |
null | false | null | How do you make an Old Fashioned Cocktail? | Making an Old Fashioned consists of five steps. The ingredients for an Old Fashioned cocktail include your choice of bourbon or rye, an orange, aromatic bitters, a sugar cube, a dash of soda water, Luxardo cherry and ice.
First, grab your cocktail glass and add two dashes of aromatic bitters along with a spritz of sod... | |
null | false | null | When did Lebron James become the NBA's all time leading scorer? | Lebron James passed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar as the NBA's all time leading scorer on February 7, 2023. | |
1911.03350 | false | null | One of the most popular metrics for QG, BLEU BIBREF21 provides a set of measures to compare automatically generated texts against one or more references. In particular, BLEU-N is based on the count of overlapping n-grams between the candidate and its corresponding reference(s).
Within the field of Computational Creativ... | What automated metrics authors investigate? | The answers are shown as follows:
* BLEU
* Self-BLEU
* n-gram based score
* probability score
|
null | false | null | In which years did the Women's New Zealand cricket team win the world cup | 2000 | |
null | false | null | Who is the top baseball player based on offensive categories that are not in the major league baseball hall of fame with no chance of getting in while alive. | While there is an exhaustive amount of ways one could approach this answer, there is arguable only one player in all of the major offensive categories that is not in the hall of fame. That player is Pete Rose. Players like Barry Bonds and Albert Pujols may have better overall statistics in the power categories of ba... | |
null | false | null | How did Jim Henson die? | The famous puppeteer succumbed to toxic shock syndrome, resulting from abscesses in his lungs. | |
null | false | null | What should I think about when driving a car in a city? | Cities can be crowded and there are many things to consider when driving in a city. In cities, the driving pace can vary between slow and fast speeds, and one needs to be extra attentive. Other vehicles may switch lanes hastily without indicating, or break with no warning. In some cities, one also has trams to be aware... | |
null | false | null | Tell me about Crater Lake National Park | Crater Lake National Park, located in Oregon is an astonishing national park full of beautiful views and pristine natural surroundings. The Park itself was officially founded in 1902 but prior to that it was considered a holy place by Native American Indians for hundreds of years. The water in Crater Lake is a deep, ... | |
null | false | null | Give me a list of the stations on the Island Line of Hong Kong's MTR network | - Kennedy Town
- HKU
- Sai Ying Pun
- Sheung Wan
- Central
- Admiralty
- Wan Chai
- Causeway Bay
- Tin Hau
- Fortress Hill
- North Point
- Quarry Bay
- Tai Koo
- Sai Wan Ho
- Shau Kei Wan
- Heng Fa Chuen
- Chai Wan | |
null | false | null | Human presence in Pre-Columbian Mexico goes back to 8,000 BCE and it went to become one of the world's six cradles of civilization. In particular, the Mesoamerican region was home to many intertwined civilizations, including the Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Teotihuacan, and Purepecha. Last were the Aztecs, who dominated the r... | How old were the indigenous civilizations in Mexico prior to European contact? | There were many civilizations that came prior to European contact, some that date back as early as 8,000 BCE. The last civilization to dominate Mexico a century prior to European contact were the Aztecs, whose capital, Tenochtitlan, became what is now Mexico City. |
null | false | 115 | Some eye-tracking corpora of natural reading (e.g. the Dundee BIBREF2, Provo BIBREF3 and GECO corpus BIBREF4), and a few EEG corpora (for example, the UCL corpus BIBREF5) are available. It has been shown that this type of cognitive processing data is useful for improving and evaluating NLP methods (e.g. barrett2018sequ... | Although many people have studied eye-tracking and EEG recordings of natural reading, what shortcoming still existed? | There was no available data or research that analyzes the differences in the human processing of normal reading versus annotation. |
null | false | null | In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Banefort? | The name nor identity of the Banefort house's founder is unknown. They are only referred to as The Hooded Man. | |
null | false | null | Tell me whether these are popular sports are more popular in United States of America or in Australia. | Basketball, American Football, Baseball, and Lacrosse are more popular in the United States of America. Soccer, Australian Rules Football, Rugby, and Cricket are more popular in Australia. | |
null | false | 127 | We use the pre-trained glove.840B.300d embeddings BIBREF20 for all 6 attacking methods. For FGM, FGVM and DeepFool, we tune $\epsilon $, the overshoot hyper-parameter (Section SECREF9) and keep the iterative step $n$ static (5). For TYC, besides $\epsilon $ we also tune the upper limit of flipped words, ranging from 10... | What parameters are tuned for target classifiers? | Batch size, learning rate, number of layers, number of units, attention size (for BiLSTM+A), filter sizes and dropout probability (for CNN). |
2001.08051 | false | null | FLOAT SELECTED: Table 4: List of the indicators used by human experts to evaluate specific linguistic competences.
Tables and report some statistics extracted from both the written and spoken data collected so far in all the campaigns. Each written or spoken item received a total score by human experts, computed by sum... | What proficiency indicators are used to the score the utterances? | 6 indicators:
- lexical richness
- pronunciation and fluency
- syntactical correctness
- fulfillment of delivery
- coherence and cohesion
- communicative, descriptive, narrative skills |
null | false | null | There is no universally-agreed rule as to who plays first, but in this article the convention that X plays first is used.
Players soon discover that the best play from both parties leads to a draw. Hence, tic-tac-toe is often played by young children who may not have discovered the optimal strategy.
Because of the si... | How to play tic-tac-toe | Tic-tac-toe is played on a three-by-three grid by two players, who alternately place the marks X and O in one of the nine spaces in the grid. Tic-tac-toe (American English), noughts and crosses (Commonwealth English), or Xs and Os (Canadian or Irish English) is a paper-and-pencil game for two players who take turns mar... |
null | false | null | Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a family of proteins produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. They were first described in relation to heat shock, but are now known to also be expressed during other stresses including exposure to cold, UV light and during wound healing or tissue remodeling. Many... | What are Heat Shock proteins? | Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a family of proteins produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. |
null | false | null | What is the origin of orange wine? | Orange wine was first introduced in Georgia and it dates thousands of years back. It is a variant of white wine where the skin grapes are not removed after crushing the grapes. Instead, the skins are left to ferment with the grape juice, similarly to red wine. The style of skin-contact white wine was adopted by Italian... | |
1912.13109 | false | null | We used dataset, HEOT obtained from one of the past studies done by Mathur et al. where they annotated a set of cleaned tweets obtained from twitter for the conversations happening in Indian subcontinent. A labelled dataset for a corresponding english tweets were also obtained from a study conducted by Davidson et al. ... | What dataset is used? | The answers are shown as follows:
* HEOT
|
null | false | null | The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam | When did the Vietnam War Start? | The Vietnam War started on 1 November 1955 |
null | false | null | Which is a species of fish? Toadfish or Toad | Toadfish | |
null | false | null | What is "A Song of Ice and Fire"? | "A Song of Ice and Fire" is a medieval fantasy book series created by an American author George R.R. Martin who has been coined the American J.R.R. Tolkien.
It consists of five books published so far:
- "A Game Of Thrones"
- "A Clash Of Kings"
- "A Storm of Swords"
- "A Feast for Crows"
- "A Dance with Dragons"
The ... | |
null | false | null | South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea. The country's western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eastern border is defined by the Sea of Japan. South Korea claims to be the sole legitimat... | Given this paragraph about South Korea, which body of water forms the country's western border and which body of water borders it's eastern border? | The western border of South Korea is formed by the Yellow Sea, while the eastern border is formed by the Sea of Japan. |
null | false | 353 | There are three main considerations at play when designing software surrounding the Phoenix event data pipeline: modularity, composability, and reproducibility. In short, no one part of the pipeline should be hardcoded to operate within the pipeline, implying other pieces are easily replaced by new and/or better altern... | What are the three main considerations when designing software surrounding the Phoenix event data pipeline? | Modularity, composability, and reproducibility. |
null | false | 68 | Today, Internet is one of the widest available media worldwide. It has essentially become a huge hit of data that has the potential to serve many information centric applications in our life. Recommendation system takes an essential part of many internet services and online applications, including applications like soc... | What is the limitation of the Collaborative Filtering method? | CF has two widely known problems which are sparsity and cold start (CS). |
null | false | null | What is the empire state building? | The empire state building is a building in Manhattan, New York. It is 102 stories high and features an art-deco inner and outer appearance. It was built in 1931 and is a steel framed skyscraper. In 1931 it was considered the tallest building in the world until 1971. | |
null | false | 117 | We obtained our Quora dataset BIBREF7 through web-based crawls between June 2014 to August 2014. This crawling exercise has resulted in the accumulation of a massive Q&A dataset spanning over a period of over four years starting from January 2010 to May 2014. We initiated crawling with 100 questions randomly selected f... | How is the Quora dataset obtained? | They obtained their Quora dataset through web-based crawls. |
1806.00722 | false | null | We use three datasets for our experiments: IWSLT14 German-English, Turkish-English, and WMT14 English-German.
We use three datasets for our experiments: IWSLT14 German-English, Turkish-English, and WMT14 English-German. | what language pairs are explored? | The answers are shown as follows:
* German-English
* Turkish-English
* English-German
|
null | false | null | Write a friendly email to my neighbor asking them to keep the noise down after 10pm on Weekdays. | Hi Neighbor!
I hope this email finds you well and getting ready for the sunny spring weather. As the days grow longer, I wanted to ask you for a small favor: can you please try to keep the noise down after 10pm on weekdays? to be clear, I'm not suggesting we all live in libraries--just that external parties, loud musi... | |
null | false | null | What is red tide? | microscopic forms of algae known as dinoflagellates can bloom into dense patches near the surface | |
null | false | null | In 1905, T. G. Longstaff, accompanied by two alpine guides and six porters, made an attempt on Gurla Mandhata. They turned back at around 7,000 m (23,000 ft) after being caught in an avalanche and encountering other difficulties. This was a strong achievement for the time, especially for such a small group; at that tim... | What is the climbing history summary of Gurla Mandhata? | The first clmbing attempt of of Gurla Mandhata happened in 1905. T. G. Longstaff, accompanied by two alpine guides and six porters reached 23,000 feet but had to turn around due to an avalanche and other difficulties. Second attempt was made in 1935 by a Viennese student, Herbert Tichy and 1 porter. They reached a heig... |
null | false | null | Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions to produce electricity. Nuclear power can be obtained from nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion reactions. Presently, the vast majority of electricity from nuclear power is produced by nuclear fission of uranium and plutonium in nuclear power plants. Nuclear de... | List different ways in which Nuclear power can be obtained based on the passage. | Nuclear power can be obtained from nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion reactions. |
null | false | null | If you could change one thing about this world, what would it be and why? | Assuming I could change just one thing in this world, it would be for all of humankind to develop greater empathy and selflessness. I do believe it could be the start of so much good at all levels - it would help nations, societies and people to focus on their own and others' happiness --- and make decisions that focus... | |
null | false | null | The Spanish–American War (April 21 – August 13, 1898) began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. The war led to the United States emerging predominant in the Caribbean region, and resulted in U.S. acquis... | Given the reference text about the Spanish-American war, when and how did the war end? | The Spanish-American war ended on August 13, 1898 with the 1898 Treaty of Paris. The treaty ceded ownership of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines from Spain the to the United States. |
null | false | null | I'm a 12-year-old girl and I want to have my own cellphone because everyone else in my class have one. I just want to be part of the group and join their conversations. My mother did not refuse my request, but she asked me how to solve her concerns about the potential harm to me. What should I do to convince her to giv... | Hi mom, I think I can handle the problems you mentioned properly. Here are some plans to make sure the things you worry about won't happen:
1. You can take me to do eye exams every month to make sure my eyes are not getting bad. If my eye-sight becomes worse than the current situation, I can return the cellphone to you... | |
null | false | null | Categorize the below in terms of Red wine or white wine.
Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Shiraz, Pinot Noir, Malbec, Zinfandel, Grenache, Sangiovese, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Chenin Blanc, Pinot Gris (or Pinot Grigio), Semillon, Viognier, Torrontes, Albariño, Gewurztraminer. | White wine - Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Chenin Blanc, Pinot Gris (or Pinot Grigio), Semillon, Viognier, Torrontes, Albariño and Gewurztraminer.
Red wine - Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Shiraz, Pinot Noir, Malbec, Zinfandel, Grenache and Sangiovese. | |
null | false | null | How did India get independence from colonial rule | Non vioalence movement and violence movement both were prevalent, huge number of discussions, fights,protests etc paved way for indepdence | |
null | false | null | "The Fox in the Attic" was originally published in 1961 by Chatto & Windus: London as v. 1 of The Human Predicament trilogy, and then in the United States by Harper & Brothers: New York. This was 23 years after Hughes's previous novel, In Hazard: A Sea Story, and 33 years after A High Wind in Jamaica, which was a best ... | Based on the provided text, place the following books in chronological order:
The Fox in the Attic, In Hazard: A Sea Story, A High Wind in Jamaica, and The Wooden Shepherdess | The order of the books are as follows:
1) A High Wind in Jamaica
2) In Hazard: A Sea Story
3) The Fox in the Attic
4) The Wooden Shepherdess |
null | false | null | Give me a list of the last 10 mens college hockey champions. | 2022 Denver; 2021 Massachusetts; 2019 Minnesota Duluth; 2018 Minnesota Duluth; 2017 Denver; 2016 North Dakota; 2015 Providence; 2014 Union; 2013 Yale; 2012 Boston College | |
null | false | null | The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the No. 4 reactor in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian SSR in the Soviet Union. Called the world's worst-ever civil nuclear incident, it is one of only two nuclear energy accidents rat... | Why is the Chernobyl disaster considered to be the world's worst-ever civil nuclear incident when only an excess of 15 childhood thyroid cancer deaths were documented as of 2011? | The Chernobyl disaster was called the world's worst-ever civil nuclear incident because it is one of only two nuclear energy accidents rated at seven—the maximum severity—on the International Nuclear Event Scale. The initial emergency response, together with later decontamination of the environment, involved more than ... |
null | false | null | Which of the following are writing implements: pen, fine line markers, tiles, morning glories, alcohol markers, mechanical pencils, jugs, sand, ocean salt water, towel | pen, fine line markers, alcohol markers, mechanical pencils | |
null | false | null | Business process mapping refers to activities involved in defining what a business entity does, who is responsible, to what standard a business process should be completed, and how the success of a business process can be determined.
The main purpose behind business process mapping is to assist organizations in becomi... | Please describe what Business Process Mapping is and why it is used | Business Process Mapping describes the capture of a set of business activities that deliver an outcome. Mapping is usually performed using visual tools that use standardized shapes to indicate entities. Mapping involves capturing activities, the roles performing the activities, systems and tools used to execute the a... |
null | false | 91 | Neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved the state-of-the-art results on a mass of language pairs with varying structural differences, such as English-French BIBREF0, BIBREF1 and Chinese-English BIBREF2. However, so far not much is known about how and why NMT works, which pose great challenges for debugging NMT mo... | What are the challenges now? | So far not much is known about how and why NMT works, which pose great challenges for debugging NMT models and designing optimal architectures. |
null | false | null | Advocates of autonomous building describe advantages that include reduced environmental impacts, increased security, and lower costs of ownership. Some cited advantages satisfy tenets of green building, not independence per se (see below). Off-grid buildings often rely very little on civil services and are therefore sa... | Given this paragraph about autonomous buildings, why would they be safer during a military attack? | Autonomous buildings often rely on less civil services and are therefore safer and more comfortable during civil disasters or military attacks. |
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