question stringlengths 4 11.7k | answer stringlengths 1 26k | evidence stringlengths 0 37.7k | yes_no bool 2
classes | paper_index int64 0 519 ⌀ | paper_id stringclasses 846
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
How to become a millionaire? | If you want to become a millionaire you first need to make up a consistent, long-term financial plan. Ask yourself questions like what does it mean rich for you? Any particular net worth you would like to hit? Once you have the big-picture established, break it down into smaller short-term goals that are easier to achi... | false | null | null | |
Ms. Murmu becomes 2nd woman to hold the post after | Ms.Pratibha Patil | false | null | null | |
What is a sandworm? | A sandworm is a creature described by Frank Herbert in his science-fiction book Dune. Sandworms are huge and aggressive and live in the sand seas of planet Arrakis. | false | null | null | |
Is there any benefit to pain? | Pain helps us withdraw from further severe damage to body | Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage."
Pain motivates us to withdraw from dama... | false | null | null |
Name some of the popular sitcoms from 1990s | Some of the popular sitcoms from 1990s are:
* Friends
* Sienfeld
* The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air
* Family Matters
* The Nanny | false | null | null | |
For which language, the highest accuracy are obtained? | Spanish language. | Table TABREF13 shows the results obtained for the baseline and the CNNs trained for each language individually. Similar accuracies are obtained between the baseline and the CNN model for Spanish language, which also exhibit the highest accuracy among the three languages. Note that the highest accuracy for German langua... | false | 383 | null |
What could be the reason that using computational text analysis on thick social and cultural questions carries significant challenges? | Firstly, texts are culturally and socially situated. Secondly, many of the social and cultural concepts they seek to examine are highly contested. | In June 2015, the operators of the online discussion site Reddit banned several communities under new anti-harassment rules. BIBREF0 used this opportunity to combine rich online data with computational methods to study a current question: Does eliminating these “echo chambers” diminish the amount of hate speech overall... | false | 164 | null |
What are the three commonly accepted periods of human pre-history? | The Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age | false | null | null | |
Given this paragraph about a singer, what was Rihanna's first album? | Music of the Sun (2005) | Robyn Rihanna Fenty NH (/riˈænə/ (listen) ree-AN-ə;[n 1] born February 20, 1988) is a Barbadian singer, actress, and businesswoman. Born in Saint Michael and raised in Bridgetown, Barbados, Rihanna auditioned for American record producer Evan Rogers who invited her to the United States to record demo tapes. After signi... | false | null | null |
What are some different types of salt? | There are numerous types of salt and their uses vary greatly. Here are some common and popular types used for cooking: kosher salt, table salt, finishing salt, sea salt, smoked salt, curing salt, Himalayan pink salt, and french grey salt. | false | null | null | |
Give me a bulleted list of the 5 most recent UK Prime Ministers | 1. Rishi Sunak
2. Elizabeth Truss
3. Boris Johnson
4. Theresa May
5. David Cameron | false | null | null | |
What supervised learning tasks are attempted with these representations? | The answers are shown as follows:
* document categorization
* regression tasks
| In this paper, I introduce an interpretable word embedding model, and an associated topic model, which are designed to work well when trained on a small to medium-sized corpus of interest. The primary insight is to use a data-efficient parameter sharing scheme via mixed membership modeling, with inspiration from topic ... | false | null | 1705.07368 |
What is Github Copilot? | GitHub Copilot is a cloud-based artificial intelligence tool developed by GitHub and OpenAI | GitHub Copilot is a cloud-based artificial intelligence tool developed by GitHub and OpenAI to assist users of Visual Studio Code, Visual Studio, Neovim, and JetBrains integrated development environments (IDEs) by autocompleting code. Currently available by subscription to individual developers, the tool was first anno... | false | null | null |
Write a short story about Batman, Superman and Spiderman | Batman, Superman and Spiderman were all out patrolling the streets when they came across a mysterious figure in a long black cape and a mask. They quickly realized it was none other than The Joker. The Joker had been planning a grand scheme to take over the city and they needed to stop him before it was too late.
Bat... | false | null | null | |
What is the baseline approach in the article? | The word2vec algorithm. | In the literature, the main consensus is that the use of dense word embeddings outperform the sparse embeddings in many tasks. Latent semantic analysis (LSA) used to be the most popular method in generating word embeddings before the invention of the word2vec and other word vector algorithms which are mostly created by... | false | 111 | null |
What is the largest fresh water lake? | Lake Baikal, located in Russia in the southern region of Sibera is the largest and deepest fresh water lake, containing 20% of Earth's fresh surface water. | Lake Baikal (/baɪˈkɑːl, -ˈkæl/, Russian: Oзеро Байкал, romanized: Ozero Baykal [ˈozʲɪrə bɐjˈkaɫ]) is a rift lake in Russia. It is situated in southern Siberia, between the federal subjects of Irkutsk Oblast to the northwest and the Republic of Buryatia to the southeast. With 23,615.39 km3 (5,670 cu mi) of water, Lake B... | false | null | null |
How much improvement does their method get over the fine tuning baseline? | 0.08 points on the 2011 test set, 0.44 points on the 2012 test set, 0.42 points on the 2013 test set for IWSLT-CE. | FLOAT SELECTED: Table 1: Domain adaptation results (BLEU-4 scores) for IWSLT-CE using NTCIR-CE.
FLOAT SELECTED: Table 1: Domain adaptation results (BLEU-4 scores) for IWSLT-CE using NTCIR-CE. | false | null | 1701.03214 |
Does Blumenstock play a very important role in the quality assessment of Wikipedia articles? | Yes, it does. | Automatic quality evaluation of Wikipedia articles has been addressed in previous works with both unsupervised and supervised learning approaches. The common idea of most of the existing work is to identify a feature set, having as a starting point the Wikipedia project guidelines, to be exploited with the objective in... | false | 38 | null |
What is the sport called Cricket | Cricket is a sport first originated in Wngland. Cricket was invented by British. While cricket was primarily played starting 17th century, there have been some obscure and speculative references of sport being played in 13th century during era of King Edward II. Cricket is game played with a flat bat and a ball with ea... | false | null | null | |
Give me a list of the best ways of looking younger than your age. | To keep fit, maintain clear skin, be positive, always be up-to-date to everything, do not hesitate to change, be calm | false | null | null | |
When was the first newspaper published in the United States? | "Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick" was the first US newspaper published on September 25, 1690. | false | null | null | |
Who is widely considered the GOAT of basketball? | Michael Jordan | false | null | null | |
What are magical creatures? | Magical creatures are an aspect of the fictional Wizarding World contained in the Harry Potter series and connected media originally created by British author J. K. Rowling. Throughout the seven main books of the series, Harry and his friends encounter many of these creatures on their adventures in Hogwarts, the Forbid... | false | null | null | |
What were the evaluation metrics used? | The answers are shown as follows:
* entity match rate
* BLEU score
* Success F1 score
| Our experimental results are shown in Table TABREF21. The first half of the table contains results for task-oriented dialogue with the Sequicity framework with two scenarios for training data preparation. For each experiment, we run our models for 3 times and their scores are averaged as the final score. The mixed trai... | false | null | 1909.02265 |
What is single-document Summarization? | Single-document summarization is the task of generating a short summary for a given document. | Single-document summarization is the task of generating a short summary for a given document. Ideally, the generated summaries should be fluent and coherent, and should faithfully maintain the most important information in the source document. purpleThis is a very challenging task, because it arguably requires an in-de... | false | 31 | null |
Where was the first season of The X-Files filmed? | The first season of the X-Files was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. | false | null | null | |
What extraction model did they use? | Multi-Encoder, Constrained-Decoder model | FLOAT SELECTED: Figure 1: Multi-Encoder, Constrained-Decoder model for tuple extraction from (q, a).
FLOAT SELECTED: Figure 1: Multi-Encoder, Constrained-Decoder model for tuple extraction from (q, a). | false | null | 1903.00172 |
What are some of the main themes of Jane Eyre | Some of the main themes of Jane Eyre are social class, love, family, dependence and independence, personal discovery and growth. There are also themes of religion, pride, duty to society and personal morality | false | null | null | |
My partner is a 30 year old male who likes to travel, read books, cook, and paint. What are some good gift ideas for his upcoming birthday? | There are a lot of options to consider for your partner based on his interests. Below are a few suggestions:
1. Art class
2. A wine and paint experience
3. A couple cooking class. Ex: Gnocchi making class
4. Plan a surprise trip to his favorite destination
5. Gift him a book on his favorite topic
6. Gift him an audio ... | false | null | null | |
Which is a species of fish? Boar or Boarfish | Boarfish | false | null | null | |
What might make a good villain for a fantasy role playing game adventure. | There are lots of options for villains in the rich world of fantasy role playing. Here are some possibilities:
1) Dragons - Dragons are iconic villains and come in many varieties. They can be vicious and cruel, manipulative and clever, or haughty and imperious. They live in all different biomes and there are even v... | false | null | null | |
What bosses are there and what is their loot in Chapter four season 2 in Fortnite | In the game “Fortnite” there are currently two NPC bosses. One in the location Mega City, the other in the Landmark, Shattered Slabs. In Mega City, the NPC boss “Highcard Havoc” has loot of the gun Havoc Suppressed Assault Rifle, the rarity is Mythical. The NPC boss also has loot of a Vault Keycard item, which can unl... | false | null | null | |
What programming languages does freeCodeCamp teach to students? | freeCodeCamp is a non-profit organization that has tutorials that introduce students to HTML, CSS and JavaScript. | freeCodeCamp (also referred to as Free Code Camp) is a non-profit organization that consists of an interactive learning web platform, an online community forum, chat rooms, online publications and local organizations that intend to make learning web development accessible to anyone. Beginning with tutorials that introd... | false | null | null |
Given this paragraph about mushroom growth, why is it related to the English language expression "to mushroom"? | This is because many types of mushrooms exhibit rapid growth, seemingly overnight due to fluid absorption. | Many species of mushrooms seemingly appear overnight, growing or expanding rapidly. This phenomenon is the source of several common expressions in the English language including "to mushroom" or "mushrooming" (expanding rapidly in size or scope) and "to pop up like a mushroom" (to appear unexpectedly and quickly). In r... | false | null | null |
Come up with a bunch of options for a child's Birthday Party | - Celebrate at home with cake, ice cream, streamers and the child's closest friends
- Go to the local swimming pool and have a pool party!
- Enjoy a day at the local chuck-e-cheese
- Go to a video game arcade with all their friends
- Have fun at your local water slide park, if it's outdoors make sure to go during summe... | false | null | null | |
What model do the authors want to learn in the future? | The models are able to sample search queries or information needs from sentences and use the output of that model to get relevant documents. | We present a multi-task learning architecture to learn NMT for search query translation. As the motivating task is CLIR, we evaluated the ranking effectiveness of our proposed architecture. We used sentences from the target side of the parallel corpus as queries to retrieve relevant document and use terms from those do... | false | 147 | null |
According to this paragraph, did Frederic Foley hold the patent to the Foley catheter? | According to this paragraph, Frederic Foley applied for the patent but it was ultimately awarded to Paul Riache instead. | Foley first described the use of a self-retaining balloon catheter in 1929, to be used to achieve hemostasis after cystoscopic prostatectomy. He worked on development of this design for use as an indwelling urinary catheter, to provide continuous drainage of the bladder, in the 1930s. His design incorporated an inflata... | false | null | null |
is keto diet healthy? | The keto diet is originally designed in clinics to relieve seizure symptoms in children with epilepsy. The diet prescribes intake of nutrients be majority from fat, a small percentage from protein, and very low carbohydrate. The low carbohydrates diet is adopted by people who want to lose weight. Some claim that they b... | false | null | null | |
King Charles III is 73 years old and his full name is? | Charles Philip Arthur George | false | null | null | |
What was the last item shown on British TV before WW2 | Mickey Mouse | false | null | null | |
Who recieves a dowry? | A dowry is a payment from a bride's family to the groom or his family at the time of marriage. | A dowry is a payment, such as property or money, paid by the bride's family to the groom or his family at the time of marriage. Dowry contrasts with the related concepts of bride price and dower. While bride price or bride service is a payment by the groom, or his family, to the bride, or her family, dowry is the wealt... | false | null | null |
What is a top spin serve in tennis? | In tennis, a topspin serve is a type of serve that involves brushing the tennis racket upwards against the ball such that the top of the ball spins forward. This causes the ball to dive down faster than a flat serve. It also causes the ball to bounce higher than a flat serve. Because the server isn't hitting the ball f... | false | null | null | |
What is the United States Bill of Rights? | The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution spec... | The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution spec... | false | null | null |
How many points does their approach improve over the Gaussian DMV on all lengths? | 4.8 points. | For the task of unsupervised dependency parse induction, we employ the Dependency Model with Valence (DMV) BIBREF2 as the syntax model in our approach. DMV is a generative model that defines a probability distribution over dependency parse trees and syntactic categories, generating tokens and dependencies in a head-out... | false | 16 | null |
Why does the author make these statistics? | Understanding user-generated noisy social media text from Twitter is a significant task | Social media is now becoming an important real-time information source, especially during natural disasters and emergencies. It is now very common for traditional news media to frequently probe users and resort to social media platforms to obtain real-time developments of events. According to a recent survey by Pew Res... | false | 118 | null |
What are the best types of pets for a family with kids? | The best types of pets for a family to get are those that match the energy level and time commitment that the family is willing to commit to. For example, if the family is frequently going to be away on trips, they should think about if their absence would cause stress for the pet and how much care they would need to a... | false | null | null | |
What is UTCNN? | A neural network for text in modern social media channels as well as legacy social media, forums, and message boards — anywhere that reveals users, their tastes, as well as their replies to posts. | This work is licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. License details: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Deep neural networks have been widely used in text classification and have achieved promising results BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 , BIBREF2 . Most focus on content information and us... | false | 72 | null |
What does the author analyze from the data in Table 7? | BERT-QC Error Analysis: Classes of errors for 50 randomly selected questions from the development set where BERT-QC did not predict the correct label. These errors reflect the BERT-QC model trained and evaluated with terms from both the question and all multiple choice answer candidates. Questions can occupy more than ... | We performed an error analysis on 50 ARC questions where the BERT-QC system did not predict the correct label, with a summary of major error categories listed in Table TABREF20 .
Associative Errors: In 35% of cases, predicted labels were nearly correct, differing from the correct label only by the finest-grained (leaf)... | false | 100 | null |
Who was On the Point of Death directed by, given the following information? | Mario Garriba directed On the Point of Death which stars his brother Fabio in a leading role. | Fabio Garriba (13 November 1944 – 9 August 2016) was an Italian stage, film and television actor.
Life and career
Born in Soave, Garriba started his career on stage, and in 1969 he made his film debut in Dziga Vertov Group's Wind from the East. He later worked with prominent directors such as Roberto Rossellini, Berna... | false | null | null |
Classify the below numbers based on whether they are perfect square or not.
64, 9, 81, 100, 57, 16 | Perfect square - 64, 9, 81, 16
Not perfect square - 100, 57 | false | null | null | |
What helped Argentina win the World Cup, considering they were not the strongest team on paper? | Argentina in its run to the World Cup had a great track record of a continuous winning streak. It was complemented by the culture and passion for football infused in the country. The team played with a lot of passion and Lionel Messi was determined to create history. | false | null | null | |
What are the best Classic Rock bands? | While subjective, most Classic Rocks fans would all agree that Led Zeppelin, The Who, Pink Floyd, Cream, The Doors, Queen, The Rolling Stones, Yes, Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, The Moody Blues and Allman Brothers would all make the list. There are many others like the Beatles and Grateful Dead etc that might be c... | false | null | null | |
How were the navigation instructions collected? | using Amazon Mechanical Turk using simulated environments with topological maps | This work also contributes a new dataset of INLINEFORM0 pairs of free-form natural language instructions and high-level navigation plans. This dataset was collected through Mechanical Turk using 100 simulated environments with a corresponding topological map and, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first of its kin... | false | null | 1810.00663 |
Are dogs carnivores or omnivores? | Well, they're omnivores since dogs eat both plant based and animal based food. | false | null | null | |
From this summary of how Bilbo found the Ring in The Hobbit, how did Bilbo beat Gollum at the Riddle game? | Gollum was unable to answer Bilbo's last question, "What have I got in my pocket?". | As told in The Hobbit, Bilbo found the Ring while lost in the tunnels near Gollum's lair. In the first edition, Gollum offers to surrender the Ring to Bilbo as a reward for winning the Riddle Game. When Tolkien was writing The Lord of the Rings, he realized that the Ring's grip on Gollum would never permit him to give ... | false | null | null |
Write a short, polite but forceful letter to the City of Toronto requesting they waive their assessed penalty for late submission of the annual home vacancy declaration, which was impossible to file due to an overwhelmed web portal and incorrect backend data for my home. | To Whom It May Concern: I was unable to complete the filing of my home vacancy declaration by the deadline, and was assessed a penalty for the late submission. I faced numerous problems during submission due to your overwhelmed web portal, and even once I passed that barrier, I then faced incorrect data about my accou... | false | null | null | |
What was previous state of the art model? | The answers are shown as follows:
* LSTM-based RNN-T
| We first compared the performance of Transformer Transducer (T-T) models with full attention on audio to an RNN-T model using a bidirectional LSTM audio encoder. As shown in Table TABREF12, the T-T model significantly outperforms the LSTM-based RNN-T baseline. We also observed that T-T models can achieve competitive re... | false | null | 2002.02562 |
Why are iPhones more popular than Android phones inside the United States, while the opposite is true outside the United States? | The primary reason why iPhones are more popular inside the United States than outside the United States is cost. Because many companies manufacture and sell Android phones, the cost of an Android phone is low. On the other hand, Apple is the only company that sells iPhones, and this lack of competition allows Apple to ... | false | null | null | |
What is 'karma' according to Buddhism? | Karma is a central and fundamental aspect of Buddhist doctrine common to all traditions of Buddhism. The Buddhist concept of Karma is a natural process that operates with all our volitional actions and which does not need an external agency or power that sits in judgement.
Karma in Buddhism should not be considered as... | false | null | null | |
What novel way is proposed in the paper? | Reducing the problem of crosslingual document representation to a monolingual setting is proposed. | This research addresses the problem of representing the semantics of text documents in multi-lingual comparable corpora. We present a new approach to this problem, based on neural embeddings, and test it on the task of clustering texts into meaningful classes depending on their topics. The setting is unsupervised, mean... | false | 20 | null |
From the passage provided, extract the year Indian National Congress was founded | Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 | The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920,... | false | null | null |
I have wine tasting plans for the weekend , give me some tips so that I look like an expert | The most important part of Wine tasting is to enjoy it and have fun. There are five important steps to tasting wine which are described below.
See the Color - Take a look at the color of the wine you are about to taste, it will give you a good indication on the age of the wine. Young white wines are clear and look li... | false | null | null | |
Think up ways to clean a keyboard. | Some ways to clean a keyboard: use a compressed air can to blow out dust, manually take off each key cap using a specialized key tool and wash them in soap and water, use a dusting brush that is designed for fitting in the keyboard grooves, use an antistatic dusting wipe. | false | null | null | |
Tell me whether these are fiction or non fiction books: "To Kill a Mocking Bird", "The Lord of the Rings", "A Brief History of Time". | "To Kill a Mocking Bird", "The Lord of the Rings" are fictions. "A Brief History of Time" is non fiction. | false | null | null | |
Who is the Patron Saint of Ireland? | St. Patrick is Ireland's main patron saint and on March 17, the world celebrates the feast day of St. Patrick, a zealous, fifth-century British bishop who became famous for spreading Christianity in Ireland. | false | null | null | |
It is unclear to me how the estimator μ(t,Xi) is constructed. Is it the weighted average of something (?), where the weights wi(x) are presumably the frequency with which the ith training example falls into the the same leaf as x (see Athey et al. 2019)? | The construction of the causal estimand is two-fold. First, the in-node estimator is derived from the kernel-based DML estimator as described in sec 4.2. Then we average all estimands across nodes. The weight is determined by the sample in each node. We have added detailed descriptions in the algorithm pseudocode in ou... | Heterogeneous treatment effect (HTE) estimation has been of growing interest for decision-makers in a wide spectrum of contexts. It uncovers the effect of interventions at sub-group levels, thereby providing highly tailored suggestions rather than a one-size-fits-all policy. When it comes to precision medicine, HTE pro... | false | 463 | null |
What is kombucha? | Kombucha is a fermented tea that is often fizzy or carbonated, and a bit sour. Kombucha typically has a low concentration of alcohol, however some kombucha can be made with higher levels of alcohol content. Kombucha is fermented for a number of days and then bottled with various flavor enhancing ingredients such as syr... | false | null | null | |
Do they report results only on English datasets? | Yes. | Using the Twitter Application Program Interface (API) and the IUNI OSoMeBIBREF46 (a service which provides searchable access to the Twitter “Gardenhose”, a 10% sample of all daily tweets), we search for tweets that matched both “diagnos*” and “depress*.” The resulting set of tweets are then filtered for matching the ex... | true | null | 2002.02800 |
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Boomerang, Captain Boomerang | Boomerang is Marvel, Captain Boomerang is DC | false | null | null | |
Extract the names of the Formula One teams Hamilton was a part of from the text. Separate them with a comma. | McLaren, Mercedes | Born and raised in Stevenage, Hertfordshire, Hamilton joined the McLaren young driver programme in 1998 at the age of 13, becoming the youngest racing driver ever to be contracted by a Formula One team. This led to a Formula One drive with McLaren for six years from 2007 to 2012, making Hamilton the first ever black dr... | false | null | null |
What difficulty is existing in estimating the probability using sense–tagging? | Sense–tagging is a challenging problem in its own right, and it is not always possible to carry out reliably on larger amounts of text. | The information content of a concept may be derived from a corpus (corpus–based) or directly from a taxonomy (intrinsic–based). In this work we focus on corpus–based techniques.
For corpus–based information content, we estimate the probability of a concept INLINEFORM0 by taking the sum of the probability of the concept... | false | 33 | null |
Tell me some point by point details about Art Deco using given text as a reference | 1. A style of visual arts, architecture, and product design, Art Deco—short for the French Arts Décoratifs—first debuted in France in the 1910s, soon before World War I, and flourished in the United States and Europe in the 1920s and 1930s.
2. Art Deco has influenced bridges, buildings (from skyscrapers to cinemas), ... | Art Deco, short for the French Arts Décoratifs, and sometimes just called Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture, and product design, that first appeared in France in the 1910s (just before World War I), and flourished in the United States and Europe during the 1920s and 1930s. Through styling and design of the ... | false | null | null |
Do they evaluate only on English? | Yes. | We test our proposed approach for binary classification on either sarcasm or irony, on seven benchmark datasets retrieved from different media sources. Below we describe each dataset, please see Table TABREF1 below for a summary.
Twitter: We use the Twitter dataset provided for the SemEval 2018 Task 3, Irony Detection ... | true | null | 1809.09795 |
Who was the first president of the United States of America? | George Washington | false | null | null | |
What country is the newest member of NATO? | Finland became the 31st member on April 4, 2023 | false | null | null | |
What are the variants of PG-net trained by authors? | Model training on CNN/DM; model training on reflections; and model training on CNN/DM then tuning using reflections. | Our experimental designs address the following hypotheses:
Hypothesis 1 (H1) : Training complex abstractive models with limited in-domain or large quantities of out-of-domain data won't be enough to outperform extractive baselines.
Hypothesis 2 (H2) : Domain transfer helps abstractive models even if in-domain and out-o... | false | 6 | null |
What registers did the authors choose? | (1) user comments to newswire articles or to blog posts; (2) posts in discussion forums (forum posts); (3) blog posts; and (4) newswire articles. | As a main field of interest in the current study, we chose controversies in education. One distinguishing feature of educational topics is their breadth of sub-topics and points of view, as they attract researchers, practitioners, parents, students, or policy-makers. We assume that this diversity leads to the linguisti... | false | 106 | null |
What does the paper estimate? | The level of controversiality associated with a given Wikipedia concept. | Indicating that a web page is controversial, or disputed - for example, in a search result - facilitates an educated consumption of the information therein, suggesting the content may not represent the “full picture”. Here, we consider the problem of estimating the level of controversiality associated with a given Wiki... | false | 231 | null |
What is the difference between race and ethnicity? | Race is a combination of cultural, physical and behavioral attributes whereas ethnicity is recognized by shared cultures and language. | false | null | null | |
What are the differences between the authors' work and the previous works? | i) the authors propose a low dimensionality representation that is helpful when dealing with big data in social media; ii) in order to reduce the possible over-fitting, the training and test partitions do not share any author of instance between them ; and iii) the authors will make available their dataset to the resea... | Language variety identification aims at labelling texts in a native language (e.g. Spanish, Portuguese, English) with their specific variation (e.g. Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Spain; Brazil, Portugal; UK, US). Although at first sight language variety identification may seem a classical text classification problem,... | false | 209 | null |
What is it like living in the Pacific Northwest? | The Pacific Northwest is comprised of U.S. states of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, and the Canadian province of British Columbia - and sometimes Alaska is included. The Pacific Northwest, also referred to as PNW, it a diverse area with mountains, the pacific ocean, lakes, islands, volcanoes, deserts and rainforests. I... | false | null | null | |
What are the three strategies to replace words with a placeholder? | Random source words, ambiguous source words and gender unmarked source words. | In addition to using the Multi30K dataset as is (standard setup), we probe the ability of our models to address the three linguistic phenomena where additional context has been proved important (Section ): ambiguities, gender-neutral words and noisy input. In a controlled experiment where we aim to remove the influence... | false | 136 | null |
What conclusions can be drawn from the experiments? | The results show that the encoder-decoder-reconstructor significantly improves translation accuracy by 1.01 points on ASPEC and 1.37 points on NTCIR in English-Japanese translation (p < 0.05). However, it does not significantly improve translation accuracy in Japanese-English translation. In addition, it is proved that... | Tables TABREF15 and TABREF16 show the translation accuracy in BLEU scores, the INLINEFORM0 -value of the significance test by bootstrap resampling BIBREF4 and training time in hours until convergence. The encoder-decoder-reconstructor BIBREF3 requires slightly longer time to train than the baseline NMT, but we emphasiz... | false | 30 | null |
How to filter the redundant tweets in this paper? | The redundant tweets were filtered based on the cosine similarity score. | We aimed to mimic the presence of sparse/noisy content distribution, mandating the need to curate a novel dataset via specific lexicons. We scraped 500 random posts from recognized transport forum. A pool of 50 uni/bi-grams was created based on tf-idf representations, extracted from the posts, which was further pruned ... | false | 44 | null |
Why did the researchers increase the interest and improve the performance of abstractive summarization? | Because the emergence of seq2seq models and attention mechanisms. | Abstractive Summarization. Abstractive summarization aims to generate coherent summaries with high readability, and has seen increasing interest and improved performance due to the emergence of seq2seq models BIBREF8 and attention mechanisms BIBREF9. For example, BIBREF0, BIBREF2, and BIBREF1 in addition to using encod... | false | 6 | null |
What are some common vegetables and fruits to put on tacos? | Common produce to put on tacos includes lettuce, tomatoe, onions, peppers, radishes, mushrooms, avocados, cauliflower, corn, cucumbers, cabbage, pineapple, olives, sweet potatoes, and eggplant. | false | null | null | |
What ingredients do i need to make sour dough bread | Main ingredient is sour dough starter. You also need flour, water and salt. | false | null | null | |
What are some criticism of Betty Friedan's Feminine Mystique? | While groundbreaking, Betty Friedman took a narrow view on what the experience of a women is. She mainly focused on middle class white women. This narrow view meant she missed some of the challenges that women of other classes and races. As an example she focuses on the desire of women wanting to work without thinking ... | false | null | null | |
Which is a species of fish? Blenny or Benny | Blenny | false | null | null | |
In World Athletic Championship Eugene, Oregon, Neeraj Chopra won the Silver medal by throwing how many meters | 88.13m | false | null | null | |
What is a cookie? | A cookie a sweet wafer that can have a variety of different flavors. Sweet cookie flavors consist of chocolate, vanilla, blueberry and lemon to name a few. Cookies can be enjoyed with milk or another complementing drink. Cookies can be crunchy or soft, and they have ingredients like flour, milk and sugar. | false | null | null | |
What do they use to encode the entire available context? | An LSTM. | This paper describes our approach and results for Task 2 of the CoNLL–SIGMORPHON 2018 shared task on universal morphological reinflection BIBREF0 . The task is to generate an inflected word form given its lemma and the context in which it occurs.
Morphological (re)inflection from context is of particular relevance to t... | false | 19 | null |
What are the three types of architectures when building conversational systems? | There are mainly three types of architectures when building conversational systems: totally rule-oriented, totally data-oriented, and a mix of rules and data-oriented. | There are mainly three types of architectures when building conversational systems: totally rule-oriented, totally data-oriented, and a mix of rules and data-oriented.
Rule-oriented
A rule-oriented architecture provides a manually coded reply for each recognized utterance. Classical examples of rule-based chatbots incl... | false | 113 | null |
Provide some key points about popular game Super Buster Bros from the given passage | 1. Mitchell created the cooperative two-player shooting puzzle arcade video game Super Buster Bros., which was published by Capcom in the United States in 1990 under the name Super Pang outside of North America.
2. It was transferred to the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1992 and is the second game in the Pang ... | Super Buster Bros., released as Super Pang (スーパーパン) outside of North America, is a cooperative two-player shooting puzzle arcade video game developed by Mitchell and released in the United States in 1990 by Capcom. It is the second game in the Pang series and was ported to the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 199... | false | null | null |
Were the vast majority of offensive tweets authored by males? | Yes, they were. | Given the annotated tweets, we wanted to ascertain the distribution of: types of offensive language, genres where it is used, the dialects used, and the gender of users using such language.
Figure FIGREF13 shows the distribution of topics associated with offensive tweets. As the figure shows, sports and politics are mo... | false | 83 | null |
Based on this paragraph, why was Jake released from prison? | Jake was released from prison to try to help convince his son to play basketball for the governor's alma mater. | Jesus Shuttlesworth, the top high-school basketball player in the United States, is being pursued by the top college basketball programs in the nation. His father, Jake, is a convicted felon serving time at Attica Correctional Facility for accidentally killing his wife, Martha, Jesus' mother, six years earlier. Jake is... | false | null | null |
Does Delta Lake support multi-table transactions? | Delta Lake does not support multi-table transactions and foreign keys. Delta Lake supports transactions at the table level. | false | null | null | |
When did the England national team last win the football World Cup | In 1966 the England football team won the FIFA World Cup, defeating West Germany 4-2 | false | null | null | |
What is cloud computing? | Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources over the Internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. Instead of buying, owning, and maintaining physical data centers and servers, you can access technology services, such as computing power, storage, and databases, on an as-needed basis from a cloud provider like Amaz... | false | null | null | |
What is the extremely resource constrained scenario the authors consider? | An extremely resource constrained scenario, where they do not have any parallel corpus for the child task | Deep Learning approaches have achieved impressive results on various NLP tasks BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 , BIBREF2 and have become the de facto approach for any NLP task. However, these deep learning techniques have found to be less effective for low-resource languages when the available training data is very less BIBREF3 . Re... | false | 3 | null |
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