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The discussion between the automotive industry, governments, ethicists, policy makers and general public about autonomous cars' moral agency is widening, and therefore we see the need to bring more insight into what meta-factors might actually influence the outcomes of such discussions, surveys and plebiscites. In...
Quantum computing is an advancing area of computing sciences and provides a new base of development for many futuristic technologies discussions on how it can help developing economies will further help developed economies in technology transfer and economic development initiatives related to Research and development w...
Collaborative tagging has been quickly gaining ground because of its ability to recruit the activity of web users into effectively organizing and sharing vast amounts of information. Here we collect data from a popular system and investigate the statistical properties of tag co-occurrence.
This paper presents a development paradigm for Ethiopia, based on appropriate services and innovative use of mobile communications technologies via applications tailored for sectors like business, finance, healthcare, governance, education and infotainment. The experience of other developing countries like India and K...
The 2020 Decennial Census will be released with a new disclosure avoidance system in place, putting differential privacy in the spotlight for a wide range of data users. We consider several key applications of Census data in redistricting, developing tools and demonstrations for practitioners who are concerned about t...
USA Government wiretapping activities is a very controversial issue. Undoubtedly this technology can assist law enforced authority to detect / identify unlawful or hostile activities; however, this task raises severe privacy concerns.
Objectives: The article provides an overview of current trends in personal sensor, signal and imaging informatics, that are based on emerging mobile computing and communications technologies enclosed in a smartphone and enabling the provision of personal, pervasive health informatics services. <br>Methods: The article...
This study utilizes neural networks to evaluate the 2024 judicial reform in Mexico, a proposal designed to overhaul the judicial system by increasing transparency, judicial autonomy, and introducing the popular election of judges. The neural network model analyzes both converging and diverging factors that influence t...
The spatial arrangement of taxi hotspots indicates their inherent distribution relationships, reflecting their spatial organization structure, and has received attention in urban studies. Previous studies have primarily explored large-scale hotspots through visual analysis or simple indices, which typically spans hund...
As the signatories of this manifesto, we denounce the attention economy as inhumane and a threat to our sociopolitical and ecological well-being. We endorse policymakers' efforts to address the negative consequences of the attention economy's technology, but add that these approaches are often limited in their...
Epidemic prediction is a fundamental task for epidemic control and prevention. Many mechanistic models and deep learning models are built for this task.
In this article, we present our findings from ten years of research on intelligent educational games. We discuss the architecture of our training environments for learning spelling and mathematics, and specifically focus on the representation of the content and the controller that enables personalized trainings.
Transparency and data portability are two core principles of modern privacy legislations such as the GDPR. From the regulatory perspective, providing individuals (data subjects) with access to their data is a main building block for implementing these.
The Bologna Process has triggered a major restructuring of the current university diploma into a bachelor/master system. As one effect, the administration effort for the new system has increased dramatically.
This study explores how virtual environments and artificial intelligence can enhance university students' learning experiences, with particular attention to the digital preferences of Generation Z. An experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Pedagogy, Humanities, and Social Sciences at University of Gyor, where W...
This study investigated perceptions and patterns of Facebook use among Filipino and Japanese undergraduate students and the relationship of these factors to creating and maintaining students social capital, international posture, and willingness to communicate. The survey of undergraduate students was conducted online...
As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly integral to organizational processes, they introduce new forms of fraud that are often subtle, systemic, and concealed within technical complexity. This paper introduces the AI-Fraud Diamond, an extension of the traditional Fraud Triangle that adds technical ...
The growing need for affordable and accessible higher education is a major global challenge for the 21st century. Consequently, there is a need to develop a deeper understanding of the functionality and taxonomy of universities and colleges and, in particular, how their various characteristics change with size.
Information sharing in organization has been considered as an important approach in increasing organizational efficiency, performance and decision making. With the present and advances in information and communication technology, sharing information and exchanging of data across organizations has become more feasible ...
To date publish of a giant social network jointly from different parties is an easier collaborative approach. Agencies and researchers who collect such social network data often have a compelling interest in allowing others to analyze the data.
The ubiquity of digital music consumption has made it possible to extract information about modern music that allows us to perform large scale analysis of stylistic change over time. In order to uncover underlying patterns in cultural evolution, we examine the relationship between the established characteristics of di...
Many studies in educational data mining address specific learner groups, such as first-in-family to attend Higher Education, or focus on differences in characteristics such as gender or ethnicity, with the aim of predicting performance and designing interventions to improve outcomes. For Higher Education, this is refl...
In this project, we build a modular, scalable system that can collect, store, and process millions of satellite images. We test the relative importance of both of the key limitations constraining the prevailing literature by applying this system to a data-rich environment.
AI alignment research is the field of study dedicated to ensuring that artificial intelligence (AI) benefits humans. As machine intelligence gets more advanced, this research is becoming increasingly important.
This research describes a novel approach to evaluating hedging behaviour in large language models (LLMs), specifically in the context of human rights as defined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Hedging and non-affirmation are behaviours that express ambiguity or a lack of clear endorsement on speci...
Industry is part of an economy that produces highly mechanized and automated material goods. Since the beginning of industrialization, there have been several stages and paradigm shifts that today are ex-post-so-called industrial revolutions: in the field of mechanization (called the 1st industrial revolution), the in...
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have the potential to democratize education by providing learners with access to rich sources of information. However, evidence supporting this democratization across countries is limited.
Potential advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) could have profound implications for how countries research and develop weapons systems, and how militaries deploy those systems on the battlefield. The idea of AI-enabled military systems has motivated some activists to call for restrictions or bans on some weapo...
Interleaving sponsored results (advertisements) amongst organic results on search engine result pages (SERP) has become a common practice across multiple digital platforms. Advertisements have catered to consumer satisfaction and fostered competition in digital public spaces; making them an appealing gateway for busin...
This paper investigates advertising practices in print newspapers across India using a novel data-driven approach. We develop a pipeline employing image processing and OCR techniques to extract articles and advertisements from digital versions of print newspapers with high accuracy.
To give a georeference means to give a reference as existing in the physical space of Earth. This procedure is widely used for the location of archaeological, historical and other sites when geographic information systems (GIS) are used.
Many organizations have introduced various ICT-enabled innovations to improve economic, environmental and social performance. The Open Food Network (OFN) is an example of ICT-enabled innovation that has the potential to enhance the sustainability of regional food supply chain by improving farmers access to local and r...
Continuous construction and rehabilitation in urban settings have unavoidable impacts on arrival times of first responders to emergency locations. Current research efforts on emergency response assessments focus on case studies, where specific periods (e.g., super storm Sandy) of emergency response times are analyzed....
This paper investigates the relationship between smart city initiatives and evolving urbanization trends in the United States. The research addresses the critical issue of rapid urban growth in the U.S. and explores how innovations within the smart city paradigm influence urban development.
Standardization processes build upon consensus between partners, which depends on their ability to identify points of disagreement and resolving them. Large standardization organizations, like the 3GPP or ISO, rely on leaders of work packages who can correctly, and efficiently, identify disagreements, discuss them and...
Smart Contract Templates support legally-enforceable smart contracts, using operational parameters to connect legal agreements to standardised code. In this paper, we explore the design landscape of potential formats for storage and transmission of smart legal agreements.
This manifesto outlines key principles for progress in the post-AI era, emphasizing non-linear yet cumulative advancement, deep understanding of purpose and context, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and system-level experimentation. It redefines progress as substantial, durable, and replicable advancement, highlightin...
User facing 'platform safety technology' encompasses an array of tools offered by platforms to help people protect themselves from harm, for example allowing people to report content and unfollow or block other users. These tools are an increasingly important part of online safety: in the UK, legislation has m...
This paper presents the KG Usage framework, which allows the introduction of KG features to support Trust, Privacy and Transparency concerns regarding the use of its contents by applications. A real-world example is presented and used to illustrate how the framework can be used.
Prolonged sedentary behavior is prevalent among office workers and has been found to be detrimental to health. Preventing and reducing prolonged sedentary behavior require interventions, and persuasive technology is expected to make a contribution in this domain.
The study assesses Hungary's National AI Strategy and its implementation through the analysis of strategic documents, publicly available financial records, and expert interviews with the Hungarian AI Coalition President and Chief Strategic Advisor to the Government Commissioner for AI. 22 goals from Hungary's ...
The field of Machine Learning research is divided into subject areas, where each area tries to solve a specific problem, using specific methods. In recent years, borders have almost been erased, and many areas inherit methods from other areas.
The article analyzes the development of high-tech sectors of the Russian economy in the context of import substitution. Features of managing priority project portfolios are considered.
A significant number of traffic crashes are secondary crashes that occur because of an earlier incident on the road. Thus, early detection of traffic incidents is crucial for road users from safety perspectives with a potential to reduce the risk of secondary crashes.
As we move towards more data intensive, device centric global communication networks, our ability to usefully harvest these large datastores is degrading. The widening asymmetry in the explosive growth of data versus our ability to use it, is forcing us towards centralized analytics.
It has proved to be difficult to translate the lessons from the literature on universal service into the policy framework because of political interests and regulatory capture. Neither the USA or Europe has made a very good job of devising a clean framework and the WTO agreement is sparing in this area.
Implicit bias can impede patient-provider interactions and lead to inequities in care. Raising awareness is key to reducing such bias, but its manifestations in the social dynamics of patient-provider communication are difficult to detect.
Several seminal ethics initiatives have stipulated sets of principles and standards for good technology development in the AI sector. However, widespread criticism has pointed out a lack of practical realization of these principles.
This study evaluates the effectiveness of incorporating makerspace workshops into computer science education by assessing 21st century skills critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity before and after the intervention. Using a pre test and post test approach with the "21st Century Skills Surv...
Video sharing platforms like YouTube are increasingly targeted by aggression and hate attacks. Prior work has shown how these attacks often take place as a result of "raids," i.e., organized efforts by ad-hoc mobs coordinating from third-party communities.
Cognitive biases, systematic deviations from rationality in judgment, pose significant challenges in generating objective content. This paper introduces a novel approach for real-time cognitive bias detection in user-generated text using large language models (LLMs) and advanced prompt engineering techniques.
Over the past couple of years, the extent of the services provided on the mobile devices has increased rapidly. A special class of service among them is the Location Based Service(LBS) which depends on the geographical position of the user to provide services to the end users.
Background: Robot-assisted surgery has been widely adopted in recent years. However, compared to other health technologies operating in close proximity to patients in a vulnerable state, ethical issues of robot-assisted surgery have received less attention.
Mathematical learning environments give domain-specific and immediate feedback to students solving a mathematical exercise. Based on a language for specifying strategies, we have developed a feedback framework that automatically calculates semantically rich feedback.
A problem faced by many instructors is that of designing exams that accurately assess the abilities of the students. Typically these exams are prepared several days in advance, and generic question scores are used based on rough approximation of the question difficulty and length.
This paper argues that existing governance mechanisms for mitigating risks from AI systems are based on the `Big Compute' paradigm -- a set of assumptions about the relationship between AI capabilities and infrastructure -- that may not hold in the future. To address this, the paper introduces the `Proliferation&#...
Our project aims at helping independent musicians to plan their concerts based on the economies of agglomeration in the music industry. Initially, we planned to design an advisory tool for both concert pricing and location selection.
As retrieval-augmented AI agents become more embedded in society, their safety properties and ethical behavior remain insufficiently understood. In particular, the growing integration of LLMs and AI agents raises critical questions about how they engage with and are influenced by their environments.
Cryptocurrencies have evolved into an important asset class, providing a variety of benefits. However, they also present significant risks, such as market volatility and the potential for misuse in illegal activities.
New mobile platforms, connected seamlessly to the Internet via wireless access have become increasingly more powerful and have found usage in a diverse set of application areas, including the education sector. The educational institutions are becoming more open to embracing new learning platforms, which in turn has sp...
Society increasingly relies on machine learning models for automated decision making. Yet, efficiency gains from automation have come paired with concern for algorithmic discrimination that can systematize inequality.
Introduction: A Master Patient Index(MPI) is a centralized index of all patients in a healthcare system. This index is composed of a unique identifier for each patient link to his/her demographic data and clinical encounters.
Stress is a dynamic process that reflects the responses of the brain. Traditional methods for measuring stress are often time-consuming and susceptible to recall bias.
The rapid advancements in generative AI models present new opportunities in the education sector. However, it is imperative to acknowledge and address the potential risks and concerns that may arise with their use.
Digital currencies represent a new method for exchange and investment that differs strongly from any other fiat money seen throughout history. A digital currency makes it possible to perform all financial transactions without the intervention of a third party to act as an arbiter of verification; payments can be made ...
In this paper we provide a brief summary of development LivingLab PJAIT as an attempt to establish a comprehensive and sustainable ICT-based solution for empowerment of elderly communities towards better urban participation of seniors. We report on our various endeavors for better involvement and participation of olde...
Generative AI models continue to become more powerful. The launch of ChatGPT in November 2022 has ushered in a new era of AI.
As of Aug. 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still spreading in the world. In Japan, the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare developed "COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application (COCOA)," which was released on Jun. 19, 2020.
The important task of developing verification system of data of virtual community member on the basis of computer-linguistic analysis of the content of a large sample of Ukrainian virtual communities is solved. The subject of research is methods and tools for verification of web-members socio-demographic characteristi...
Chatbots are one class of intelligent, conversational software agents activated by natural language input (which can be in the form of text, voice, or both). They provide conversational output in response, and if commanded, can sometimes also execute tasks.
Along with the development of large language models (LLMs), e.g., ChatGPT, many existing approaches and tools for software security are changing. It is, therefore, essential to understand how security-aware these models are and how these models impact software security practices and education.
Foundation models have had a transformative impact on AI. A combination of large investments in research and development, growing sources of digital data for training, and architectures that scale with data and compute has led to models with powerful capabilities.
The concept of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) has emerged to foster sustainable development by transversally addressing social, economic, and environmental urban challenges. However, there is still a considerable lack of agreement on the conceptualization of NBS, especially concerning typologies, nomenclature, and perfo...
Historians, and in particular researchers in prosopography, focus a lot of effort on extracting and coding information from historical sources to build databases. To deal with this situation, they rely in some cases on their intuition.
This paper argues that maps of the Web's structure based solely on technical infrastructure such as hyperlinks may bear little resemblance to maps based on Web usage, as cultural factors drive the latter to a larger extent. To test this thesis, the study constructs two network maps of 1000 globally most popular We...
When aggregating logically interconnected judgments from $n$ agents, the result might be inconsistent with the logical connection. This inconsistency is known as the doctrinal paradox, which plays a central role in the field of judgment aggregation.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education has been said to have the potential for building more personalised curricula, as well as democratising education worldwide and creating a Renaissance of new ways of teaching and learning. Millions of students are already starting to benefit from the use of these technologies, ...
This paper explores the intersection of artificial intelligence and higher education administration, focusing on liberal arts colleges (LACs). It examines AI's opportunities and challenges in academic and student affairs, legal compliance, and accreditation processes, while also addressing the ethical consideratio...
We review key considerations, practices, and areas for future work aimed at the responsible development and fielding of AI technologies. We describe critical challenges and make recommendations on topics that should be given priority consideration, practices that should be implemented, and policies that should be defi...
Artificial intelligence (AI) stands out as a game-changer in today's technology landscape. However, the integration of AI education in classroom curricula currently lags behind, leaving teenagers inadequately prepared for an imminent AI-driven future.
This study examines the use of Facebook Markup Language (FBML) to design an e-learning model to facilitate teaching and learning in an academic setting. The qualitative research study presents a case study on how, Facebook is used to support collaborative activities in higher education.
Only 21% of employees consider themselves engaged at work. Moreover, disengagement has been shown to be even more problematic when work is repetitive in nature.
The transportation system is an interplay between infrastructure, vehicles, and policy. During the past century, the rapid expansion of the road network, blended with increasing vehicle production and mobility demands, has been stressing the system's capacity and resulting in a shocking amount of annual costs.
Understanding different types of users' needs can even be more critical in today's data visualization field, as exploratory visualizations for novice users are becoming more widespread with an increasing amount of data sources. The complexity of data-driven projects requires input from including interdisciplin...
Being an emerging business practice, gamification is going to the mainstream to enable and transform social business initiatives across enterprises. With the consistent focus on customer behavior and experience, there is a paradigm shift in thinking about how Gamification and Social initiatives together help to increa...
This paper reports on the results of the six-month pilot MARTA Reach, which aimed to demonstrate the potential value of On-Demand Multimodal Transit Systems (ODMTS) in the city of Atlanta, Georgia. ODMTS take a transit-centric view by integrating on-demand services and traditional fixed routes in order to address the ...
The imbalance between the supply and demand of healthcare resources is a global challenge, which is particularly severe in developing countries. Governments and academic communities have made various efforts to increase healthcare supply and improve resource allocation.
City logistics involves movements of goods in urban areas respecting the municipal and administrative guidelines. The importance of city logistics is growing over the years especially with its role in minimizing traffic congestion and freeing up of public space for city residents.
We introduce a risk assessment framework for digital identification systems, as well as recommended best practices to enhance privacy, security, and other desirable properties in these systems. To generate these resources, we created a casebook of a wide range of digital identification systems, and we then applied exp...
The current framework for climate change negotiation models presents several limitations that warrant further research and development. In this track, we discuss mainly two key areas for improvement, focusing on the geographical impacts and utility framework.
Classic automobiles are an important part of the automotive industry and represent the historical and technological achievements of certain eras. However, to be considered masterpieces, they must be maintained in pristine condition or restored according to strict guidelines applied by expert services.
We consider the future cyber security of industrial control systems. As best as we can see, much of this future unfolds in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT).
Maintaining engagement of large audiences is not easy. Traditionally, lectures and presentations rely on one-way communication from the presenter to the listening audience.
Many recent technological advances (e.g. ChatGPT and search engines) are possible only because of massive amounts of user-generated data produced through user interactions with computing systems or scraped from the web (e.g. behavior logs, user-generated content, and artwork). However, data producers have little say i...
This paper addresses the question of how to align AI systems with human values and situates it within a wider body of thought regarding technology and value. Far from existing in a vacuum, there has long been an interest in the ability of technology to 'lock-in' different value systems.
As Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to grow daily, more exciting (and somewhat controversial) technology emerges every other day. As we see the advancements in AI, we see more and more people becoming skeptical of it.
Opportunities such as higher education can promote intergenerational mobility, leading individuals to achieve levels of socioeconomic status above that of their parents. We develop a dynamic model for allocating such opportunities in a society that exhibits bottlenecks in mobility; the problem of optimal allocation re...
Existing studies have extensively used spatiotemporal data to discover the mobility patterns of various types of travellers. Smart card data (SCD) collected by the automated fare collection systems can reflect a general view of the mobility pattern of public transit riders.
Combining online classes with the traditional classes foster the advantages of both learning <a href="http://environments.The" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="link-external link-http">this http URL</a> aim of this study was to examine the effects of integrating face to face classes in fully online <a href="http...
In this fast developing world of information, the amount of medical knowledge is rising at an exponential level. The UMLS (Unified Medical Language Systems), is rich knowledge base consisting files and software that provides many health and biomedical vocabularies and standards.

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