Conference stringclasses 6 values | Year int64 1.99k 2.03k | Title stringlengths 8 187 | DOI stringlengths 16 32 | Abstract stringlengths 128 7.15k ⌀ | Accessible bool 2 classes | Early bool 2 classes | AuthorNames-Deduped listlengths 1 24 | Award listlengths 0 2 | Resources listlengths 0 5 | ResourceLinks listlengths 0 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vis | 2,000 | Real-world relativity: image-based special relativistic visualization | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885709 | This paper describes a novel rendering technique for special relativistic visualization. It is an image-based method which allows to render high speed flights through real-world scenes filmed by a standard camera. The relativistic effects on image generation are determined by the relativistic aberration of light, the Doppler effect, and the searchlight effect. These account for changes of apparent geometry, color and brightness of the objects. It is shown how the relativistic effects can be taken into account by a modification of the plenoptic function. Therefore, all known image-based nonrelativistic rendering methods can easily be extended to incorporate relativistic rendering. Our implementation allows interactive viewing of relativistic panoramas and the production of movies which show super-fast travel. Examples in the form of snapshots and film sequences are included. | false | false | [
"Daniel Weiskopf",
"Daniel Kobras",
"Hanns Ruder"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Scanline surfacing: building separating surfaces from planar contours | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885706 | A standard way to segment medical imaging datasets is by tracing contours around regions of interest in parallel planar slices. Unfortunately, the standard methods for reconstructing three dimensional surfaces from those planar contours tend to be either complicated or not very robust. Furthermore, they fail to consistently mesh abutting structures which share portions of contours. We present a novel, straight-forward algorithm for accurately and automatically reconstructing surfaces from planar contours. Our algorithm is based on scanline rendering and separating surface extraction. By rendering the contours as distinctly colored polygons and reading back each rendered slice into a segmented volume, we reduce the complex problem of building a surface from planar contours to the much simpler problem of extracting separating surfaces from a classified volume. Our scanline surfacing algorithm robustly handles complex surface topologies such as bifurcations, embedded features and abutting surfaces. | false | false | [
"David M. Weinstein"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Scientific visualization of water quality in the Chesapeake bay | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885744 | This paper describes our experience in designing and building a tool for visualizing the results of the CE-QUAL-ICM Three-Dimensional Eutrophication Model, as applied to water quality in the Chesapeake Bay. This model outputs a highly multidimensional dataset over very many timesteps – outstripping the capabilities of the visualization tools available to the research team. As part of the Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Programming Environment and Training (PET) project, a special visualization tool was developed. Some problematic issues in efficiently handling and processing the data format from the computational model were resolved through this work. Also, a sophisticated system for dynamically generating visualizations of the data has been implemented. In addition, the development of the VisGen library allows for high-level, flexible control of the VTK graphics pipeline. Coupled with an easy-to-use interface to the application, this allows the user a lot of control over the graphical representation of the data. Once the user has a representation he/she is pleased with, a wide variety of options are provided for how this can be used in presentation, or for sharing with remote colleagues. This paper includes discussions on how the simulation data are handled efficiently, as well as how the issues of usability, flexibility and collaboration are addressed. | false | false | [
"Robert Stein",
"Alan M. Shih",
"M. Pauline Baker",
"Carl F. Cerco",
"Mark R. Noel"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Semi-regular mesh extraction from volumes | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885705 | We present a novel method to extract iso-surfaces from distance volumes. It generates high quality semi-regular multiresolution meshes of arbitrary topology. Our technique proceeds in two stages. First, a very coarse mesh with guaranteed topology is extracted. Subsequently an iterative multi-scale force-based solver refines the initial mesh into a semi-regular mesh with geometrically adaptive sampling rate and good aspect ratio triangles. The coarse mesh extraction is performed using a new approach we call surface wavefront propagation. A set of discrete iso-distance ribbons are rapidly built and connected while respecting the topology of the iso-surface implied by the data. Subsequent multi-scale refinement is driven by a simple force-based solver designed to combine good iso-surface fit and high quality sampling through reparameterization. In contrast to the Marching Cubes technique our output meshes adapt gracefully to the iso-surface geometry, have a natural multiresolution structure and good aspect ratio triangles, as demonstrated with a number of examples. | false | false | [
"Zoë J. Wood",
"Peter Schröder",
"David E. Breen",
"Mathieu Desbrun"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Shock and vortex visualization using a combined visual/haptic interface | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885686 | Specific rendering modes are developed for a combined visual/haptic interface to allow exploration and understanding of fluid dynamics data. The focus is on visualization of shock surfaces and vortex cores. Advantages provided by augmenting traditional graphical rendering modes with haptic rendering modes are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on synergistic combinations of visual and haptic modes which enable rapid, exploratory interaction with the data. Implementation issues are also discussed. | false | false | [
"Dale A. Lawrence",
"Christopher D. Lee",
"Lucy Y. Pao",
"Roman Y. Novoselov"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Simplification of surface annotations | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885700 | Geometric models are often annotated to provide additional information during visualization. Maps may be marked with rivers, roads or topographical information, and CAD data models may highlight the underlying mesh structure. While this additional information may be extremely useful, there is a rendering cost associated with it. Texture maps have often been used to convey this information at relatively low cost, but they suffer from blurring and pixelization at high magnification. We present a technique for simplifying surface annotations based on directed, asymmetric tolerance. By maintaining the annotations as geometry, as opposed to textures, we are able to simplify them while still maintaining the overall appearance of the model over a wide range of magnifications. Texture maps may still be used to provide low-resolution surface detail, such as color. We demonstrate a significant gain in rendering performance while retaining the original appearance of objects from many application domains. | false | false | [
"Frank Suits",
"James T. Klosowski",
"William P. Horn",
"Gérard Lecina"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Simplification of tetrahedral meshes with accurate error evaluation | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885680 | The techniques for reducing the size of a volume dataset by preserving both the geometrical/topological shape and the information encoded in an attached scalar field are attracting growing interest. Given the framework of incremental 3D mesh simplification based on edge collapse, we propose an approach for the integrated evaluation of the error introduced by both the modification of the domain and the approximation of the field of the original volume dataset. We present and compare various techniques to evaluate the approximation error or to produce a sound prediction. A flexible simplification tool has been implemented, which provides a different degree of accuracy and computational efficiency for the selection of the edge to be collapsed. Techniques for preventing a geometric or topological degeneration of the mesh are also presented. | false | false | [
"Paolo Cignoni",
"D. Constanza",
"Claudio Montani",
"Claudio Rocchini",
"Roberto Scopigno"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Six degree-of-freedom haptic display of polygonal models | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885687 | We present an algorithm for haptic display of moderately complex polygonal models with a six degree of freedom (DOF) force feedback device. We make use of incremental algorithms for contact determination between convex primitives. The resulting contact information is used for calculating the restoring forces and torques and thereby used to generate a sense of virtual touch. To speed up the computation, our approach exploits a combination of geometric locality, temporal coherence, and predictive methods to compute object-object contacts at kHz rates. The algorithm has been implemented and interfaced with a 6-DOF PHANToM Premium 1.5. We demonstrate its performance on force display of the mechanical interaction between moderately complex geometric structures that can be decomposed into convex primitives. | false | false | [
"Arthur D. Gregory",
"Ajith Mascarenhas",
"Stephen A. Ehmann",
"Ming C. Lin",
"Dinesh Manocha"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Tetrahedron based, least squares, progressive volume models with application to freehand ultrasound data | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885681 | We present a new method for the modeling of freehand collected three-dimensional ultrasound data. The model is piecewise linear and based upon progressive tetrahedral domains created by a subdivision scheme which splits a tetrahedron on on its longest edge and guarantees a valid tetrahedrization. Least squares error is used to characterize the model and an effective iterative technique is used to compute the values of the model at the vertices of the tetrahedral grid. Since the subdivision strategy is adaptive, the complexity of the model conforms to the complexity of the data leading to an extremely efficient and highly compressed volume model. The model is evaluated in real time using piecewise linear interpolation, and gives a medical professional the chance to see images which would not be possible using conventional ultrasound techniques. | false | false | [
"Tom Roxborough",
"Gregory M. Nielson"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Texturing techniques for terrain visualization | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885699 | Presents a new rendering technique for processing multiple multi-resolution textures of LOD (level-of-detail) terrain models and describes its application to interactive, animated terrain content design. The approach is based on a multi-resolution model for terrain texture which cooperates with a multi-resolution model for terrain geometry. For each texture layer, an image pyramid and a texture tree are constructed. Multiple texture layers can be associated with one terrain model and can be combined in different ways, e.g. by blending and masking. The rendering algorithm simultaneously traverses the multi-resolution geometry model and the multi-resolution texture model, and takes into account geometric and texture approximation errors. It uses multi-pass rendering and exploits multi-texturing to achieve real-time performance. Applications include interactive texture lenses, texture animation and topographic textures. These techniques offer an enormous potential for developing new visualization applications for presenting, exploring and manipulating spatio-temporal data. | false | false | [
"Jürgen Döllner",
"Konstantin Baumann",
"Klaus H. Hinrichs"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Topology preserving and controlled topology simplifying multiresolution isosurface extraction | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885703 | Multiresolution methods are becoming increasingly important tools for the interactive visualization of very large data sets. Multiresolution isosurface visualization allows the user to explore volume data using simplified and coarse representations of the isosurface for overview images, and finer resolution in areas of high interest or when zooming into the data. Ideally, a coarse isosurface should have the same topological structure as the original. The topological genus of the isosurface is one important property which is often neglected in multiresolution algorithms. This results in uncontrolled topological changes which can occur whenever the level-of-detail is changed. The scope of this paper is to propose an efficient technique which allows preservation of topology as well as controlled topology simplification in multiresolution isosurface extraction. | false | false | [
"Thomas Gerstner",
"Renato Pajarola"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Topology preserving compression of 2D vector fields | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885714 | We present an algorithm for compressing 2D vector fields that preserves topology. Our approach is to simplify the given data set using constrained clustering. We employ different types of global and local error metrics including the earth mover's distance metric to measure the degradation in topology as well as weighted magnitude and angular errors. As a result, we obtain precise error bounds in the compressed vector fields. Experiments with both analytic and simulated data sets are presented. Results indicate that one can obtain significant compression with low errors without losing topology information. | false | false | [
"Suresh K. Lodha",
"Jose C. Renteria",
"Krishna M. Roskin"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Toward a compelling sensation of telepresence: demonstrating a portal to a distant (static) office | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885712 | In 1998 we introduced the idea for a project we call the Office of the Future. Our long-term vision is to provide a better every-day working environment, with high-fidelity scene reconstruction for life-sized 3D tele-collaboration. In particular, we want a true sense of presence with our remote collaborator and their real surroundings. The challenges related to this vision are enormous and involve many technical tradeoffs. This is true in particular for scene reconstruction. Researchers have been striving to achieve real-time approaches, and while they have made respectable progress, the limitations of conventional technologies relegate them to relatively low resolution in a restricted volume. We present a significant step toward our ultimate goal, via a slightly different path. In lieu of low-fidelity dynamic scene modeling we present an exceedingly high fidelity reconstruction of a real but static office. By assembling the best of available hardware and software technologies in static scene acquisition, modeling algorithms, rendering, tracking and stereo projective display, we are able to demonstrate a portal to a real office, occupied today by a mannequin, and in the future by a real remote collaborator. We now have both a compelling sense of just how good it could be, and a framework into which we will later incorporate dynamic scene modeling, as we continue to head toward our ultimate goal of 3D collaborative telepresence. | false | false | [
"Wei-Chao Chen",
"Herman Towles",
"Lars S. Nyland",
"Greg Welch",
"Henry Fuchs"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Two-level volume rendering - fusing MIP and DVR | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885697 | Presents a two-level approach for fusing direct volume rendering (DVR) and maximum-intensity projection (MIP) within a joint rendering method. Different structures within the data set are rendered locally by either MIP or DVR on an object-by-object basis. Globally, all the results of subsequent object renderings are combined in a merging step (usually compositing in our case). This allows us to selectively choose the most suitable technique for depicting each object within the data, while keeping the amount of information contained in the image at a reasonable level. This is especially useful when inner structures should be visualized together with semi-transparent outer parts, similar to the focus-and-context approach known from information visualization. We also present an implementation of our approach which allows us to explore volumetric data using two-level rendering at interactive frame rates. | false | false | [
"Helwig Hauser",
"Lukas Mroz",
"Gian Italo Bischi",
"M. Eduard Gröller"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Uniform frequency images: adding geometry to images to produce space-efficient textures | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885701 | Discusses the concept of uniform frequency images, which exhibit uniform local frequency properties. Such images make optimal use of space when sampled close to their Nyquist limit. A warping function may be applied to an arbitrary image to redistribute its local frequency content, reducing its highest frequencies and increasing its lowest frequencies in order to approach this uniform frequency ideal. The warped image may then be downsampled according to its new, reduced Nyquist limit, thereby reducing its storage requirements. To reconstruct the original image, the inverse warp is applied. We present a general, top-down algorithm to automatically generate a piecewise-linear warping function with this frequency balancing property for a given input image. The image size is reduced by applying the warp and then downsampling. We store this warped, downsampled image plus a small number of polygons with texture coordinates to describe the inverse warp. The original image is later reconstructed by rendering the associated polygons with the warped image applied as a texture map, a process which is easily accelerated by current graphics hardware. As compared to previous image compression techniques, we generate a similar graceful space-quality tradeoff with the advantage of being able to "uncompress" images during rendering. We report results for several images with sizes ranging from 15,000 to 300,000 pixels, achieving reduction rates of 70-90% with improved quality over downsampling alone. | false | false | [
"Adam Hunter",
"Jonathan D. Cohen 0001"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Vector fields simplification-a case study of visualizing climate modeling and simulation data sets | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885738 | In our study of regional climate modeling and simulation, we frequently encounter vector fields that are crowded with large numbers of critical points. A critical point in a flow is where the vector field vanishes. While these critical points accurately reflect the topology of the vector fields, in our study only a subset of them is worth further investigation. We present a filtering technique based on the vorticity of the vector fields to eliminate the less interesting and sometimes sporadic critical points in a multiresolution fashion. The neighboring regions of the preserved features, which are characterized by strong shear and circulation, are potential locations of weather instability. We apply our feature filtering technique to a regional climate modeling data set covering East Asia in the summer of 1991. | false | false | [
"Pak Chung Wong",
"Harlan Foote",
"L. Ruby Leung",
"Elizabeth Jurrus",
"Dan Adams",
"James J. Thomas"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Visual cues for imminent object contact in realistic virtual environment | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885692 | Distance judgments are difficult in current virtual environments, limiting their effectiveness in conveying spatial information. This problem is apparent when contact occurs while a user is manipulating objects. In particular, the computer graphics used to support current-generation immersive interfaces does a poor job of providing the visual cues necessary to perceive when contact between objects is about to occur. This perception of imminent contact is important in human motor control. Its absence prevents a sense of naturalness in interactive displays which allow for object manipulation. This paper reports results from an experiment evaluating the effectiveness of binocular disparity, cast shadows and diffuse inter-reflections in signaling imminent contact in a manipulation task. | false | false | [
"Helen H. Hu",
"Amy Ashurst Gooch",
"William B. Thompson",
"Brian E. Smits",
"John J. Rieser",
"Peter Shirley"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Visual data fusion for applications of high-resolution numerical weather prediction | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885736 | Non-traditional applications of scientific data challenge the typical approaches to visualization. In particular popular scientific visualization strategies fail when the expertise of the data consumer is in a different field than the one that generated the data and data from the user's domain must be utilized as well. This problem occurs when predictive weather simulations are used for a number of weather-sensitive applications. A data fusion approach is adopted for visualization design and utilized for specific example problems. | false | false | [
"Lloyd Treinish"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Visualization of multi-dimensional data with vector-fusion | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885708 | Multi-dimensional entities are modeled, displayed and understood with a new algorithm vectorizing data of any dimensionality. This algorithm is called SBP; it is a vectorized generalization of parallel coordinates. Classic geometries of any dimensionality can be demonstrated to facilitate perception and understanding of the shapes generated by this algorithm. SBP images of a 4D line, a circle and 3D and 4D spherical helices are shown. A strategy for synthesizing multi-dimensional models matching multi-dimensional data is presented. Current applications include data mining; modeling data-defined structures of scientific interest such as protein structure and Calabi-Yau figures as multi-dimensional geometric entities; generating vector-fused data signature fingerprints of classic frequency spectra that identify substances; and treating complex targets as multi-dimensional entities for automatic target recognition. SBP vector data signatures apply to all pattern recognition problems. | false | false | [
"R. R. Johnson"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Visualization of time dependent confocal microscopy data | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885735 | The microscopic analysis of time dependent 3D live cells provides considerable challenges to visualization. Effective visualization can provide insight into the structure and functioning of living cells. The paper presents a case study in which a number of visualization techniques were applied to analyze a specific problem in cell biology: the condensation and de-condensation of chromosomes during cell division. The spatial complexity of the data required sophisticated presentation techniques. The interactive virtual reality enabled visualization system, proteus, specially equipped for time dependent 3D data sets is described. An important feature of proteus is that it is extendible to cope with application-specific demands. | false | false | [
"Wim C. de Leeuw",
"Robert van Liere",
"Pernette J. Verschure",
"Roel van Driel",
"Astrid E. Visser",
"Erik M. M. Manders"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Visualizing DIII-D Tokamak magnetic field lines | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885742 | We demonstrate the use of a combination of perceptually effective techniques for visualizing magnetic field data from the DIII-D Tokamak. These techniques can be implemented to run very efficiently on machines with hardware support for OpenGL. Interactive speeds facilitate clear communication of magnetic field structure, enhancing fusion scientists' understanding of their data, and thereby accelerating their research. | false | false | [
"Gregory L. Schussman",
"Kwan-Liu Ma",
"David P. Schissel",
"Todd Evans"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Visualizing geodesics | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885710 | One of the main research topics in scientific visualization is to "visualize the appropriate features" of a certain structure or data set. Geodesics are very important in geometry and physics, but there is one major problem which prevents scientists from using them as a visualization tool: the differential equations for geodesics are very complicated and in most cases numerical algorithms must be used. There is always a certain approximation error involved. How can you be sure to visualize the features and not only the approximation quality. The paper presents an algorithm to overcome this problem. It consists of two parts. In the first, a geometric method for the construction of geodesics of arbitrary surfaces is introduced. This method is based on the fundamental property that geodesics are a generalization of straight lines on plains. In the second part these geodesics are used to generate local nets on the surfaces. | false | false | [
"Ingrid Hotz",
"Hans Hagen"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Visualizing high-dimensional predictive model quality | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885740 | Using inductive learning techniques to construct classification models from large, high-dimensional data sets is a useful way to make predictions in complex domains. However, these models can be difficult for users to understand. We have developed a set of visualization methods that help users to understand and analyze the behavior of learned models, including techniques for high-dimensional data space projection, display of probabilistic predictions, variable/class correlation, and instance mapping. We show the results of applying these techniques to models constructed from a benchmark data set of census data, and draw conclusions about the utility of these methods for model understanding. | false | false | [
"Penny Rheingans",
"Marie desJardins"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Visualizing volume data using physical models | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885741 | Visualization techniques enable scientists to interactively explore 3D data sets, segmenting and cutting them to reveal inner structure. While powerful, these techniques suffer from one serious flaw-the images they create are displayed on a flat piece of glass or paper. It is not really 3D-it can only be made to appear 3D. We describe the construction of 3D physical models from volumetric data. Using solid freeform fabrication equipment, these models are built as separate interlocking pieces that express in physical form the segmentation and cutting operations common in display-based visualization. | false | false | [
"David R. Nadeau",
"Michael J. Bailey"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | Volume illustration: non-photorealistic rendering of volume models | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885694 | Accurately and automatically conveying the structure of a volume model is a problem that has not been fully solved by existing volume rendering approaches. Physics-based volume rendering approaches create images which may match the appearance of translucent materials in nature but may not embody important structural details. Transfer function approaches allow flexible design of the volume appearance but generally require substantial hand-tuning for each new data set in order to be effective. We introduce the volume illustration approach, combining the familiarity of a physics-based illumination model with the ability to enhance important features using non-photorealistic rendering techniques. Since the features to be enhanced are defined on the basis of local volume characteristics rather than volume sample values, the application of volume illustration techniques requires less manual tuning than the design of a good transfer function. Volume illustration provides a flexible unified framework for enhancing structural perception of volume models through the amplification of features and the addition of illumination effects. | false | false | [
"David S. Ebert",
"Penny Rheingans"
] | [
"BP"
] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,000 | WEAVE: a system for visually linking 3-D and statistical visualizations applied to cardiac simulation and measurement data | 10.1109/VISUAL.2000.885739 | WEAVE (Workbench Environment for Analysis and Visual Exploration) is an environment for creating interactive visualization applications. WEAVE differs from previous systems in that it provides transparent linking between custom 3D visualizations and multidimensional statistical representations, and provides interactive color brushing between all visualizations. The authors demonstrate how WEAVE can be used to rapidly prototype a biomedical application, weaving together simulation data, measurement data, and 3D anatomical data concerning the propagation of excitation in the heart. These linked statistical and custom three-dimensional visualizations of the heart can allow scientists to more effectively study the correspondence of structure and behavior. | false | false | [
"Donna L. Gresh",
"Bernice E. Rogowitz",
"Raimond L. Winslow",
"David F. Scollan",
"Christina K. Yung"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | A scalable framework for information visualization | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885088 | The paper describes major concepts of a scalable information visualization framework. We assume that the exploration of heterogeneous information spaces at arbitrary levels of detail requires a suitable preprocessing of information quantities, the combination of different graphical interfaces and the illustration of the frame of reference of given information sets. The innovative features of our system include: dynamic hierarchy computation and user controlled refinement of those hierarchies for preprocessing unstructured information spaces; a new Focus+Context technique for visualizing complex hierarchy graphs; a new paradigm for visualizing information structures within their frame of reference; and a new graphical interface that utilizes textual similarities to arrange objects of high dimensional information space in 3-dimensional visualization space. | false | false | [
"Matthias Kreuseler",
"Norma López",
"Heidrun Schumann"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | A taxonomy of visualization techniques using the data state reference model | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885092 | In previous work, researchers have attempted to construct taxonomies of information visualization techniques by examining the data domains that are compatible with these techniques. This is useful because implementers can quickly identify various techniques that can be applied to their domain of interest. However, these taxonomies do not help the implementers understand how to apply and implement these techniques. The author extends and proposes a new way to taxonomize information visualization techniques by using the Data State Model (E.H. Chi and J.T. Reidl, 1998). In fact, as the taxonomic analysis in the paper will show, many of the techniques share similar operating steps that can easily be reused. The paper shows that the Data State Model not only helps researchers understand the space of design, but also helps implementers understand how information visualization techniques can be applied more broadly. | false | false | [
"Ed H. Chi"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Collaborative geographic visualization: enabling shared understanding of environmental processes | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885102 | We describe a prototype same-time/different-place collaborative geovisualization environment. We outline an approach to understanding use and usability and present results of interviews with domain experts about the ways in which collaborative visualization might enable groups to work at a distance. One goal for our research is to design an effective and flexible system that can support group work on environmental science research mediated through dynamic geovisualization displays. We are addressing this goal using a four-step human-centered system design process, modeled on that proposed by (Gabbard et al., 1999) for development and evaluation of virtual environments. The steps they delineate are: user task analysis; expert guideline-based evaluation; formative user-centered evaluation; and summative comparative evaluation. | false | false | [
"Isaac Brewer",
"Alan M. MacEachren",
"Hadi Abdo",
"Jack Gundrum",
"George Otto"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Creativity, complexity, and precision: information visualization for (landscape) architecture | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885105 | Drawing on ethnographic studies of (landscape) architects at work, this paper presents a human-centered approach to information visualization. A 3D collaborative electronic workspace allows people to configure, save and browse arrangements of heterogeneous work materials. Spatial arrangements and links are created and maintained as an integral part of ongoing work with 'live' documents and objects. The result is an extension of the physical information space of the architects' studio that utilizes the potential of electronic data storage, visualization and network technologies to support work with information in context. | false | false | [
"Monika Büscher",
"Dan Shapiro",
"Michael Christensen 0002",
"Preben Holst Mogensen",
"Peter Ørbæk"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Density functions for visual attributes and effective partitioning in graph visualization | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885090 | Two tasks in graph visualization require partitioning: the assignment of visual attributes and divisive clustering. Often, we would like to assign a color or other visual attributes to a node or edge that indicates an associated value. In an application involving divisive clustering, we would like to partition the graph into subsets of graph elements based on metric values in such a way that all subsets are evenly populated. Assuming a uniform distribution of metric values during either partitioning or coloring can have undesired effects such as empty clusters or only one level of emphasis for the entire graph. Probability density functions derived from statistics about a metric can help systems succeed at these tasks. | false | false | [
"Ivan Herman",
"M. Scott Marshall",
"Guy Melançon"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Focus+context display and navigation techniques for enhancing radial, space-filling hierarchy visualizations | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885091 | Radial, space-filling visualizations can be useful for depicting information hierarchies, but they suffer from one major problem. As the hierarchy grows in size, many items become small, peripheral slices that are difficult to distinguish. We have developed three visualization/interaction techniques that provide flexible browsing of the display. The techniques allow viewers to examine the small items in detail while providing context within the entire information hierarchy. Additionally, smooth transitions between views help users maintain orientation within the complete information space. | false | false | [
"John T. Stasko",
"Eugene Zhang"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | From metaphor to method: cartographic perspectives on information visualization | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885095 | By virtue of their spatio-cognitive abilities, humans are able to navigate through geographic space as well as meaningfully communicate geographic information represented in cartographic form. The current dominance of spatial metaphors in information visualization research is the result of the realization that those cognitive skills also have value in the exploration and analysis of non-geographic information. While mapping or landscape metaphors are routinely used in this field, there is a noticeable lack of consideration for existing cartographic expertise. This is especially apparent whenever problematic issues are encountered, such as graphic complexity or feature labeling. There are a number of areas in which a cartographic outlook could provide a valuable perspective. This paper discusses how geographic and cartographic notions may influence the design of visualizations for textual information spaces. Map projections, generalization, feature labeling and map design issues are discussed. | false | false | [
"André Skupin"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | GADGET/IV: a taxonomic approach to semi-automatic design of information visualization applications using modular visualization environment | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885093 | Since novice users of visualization systems lack knowledge and expertise in data visualization, it is a tough task for them to generate efficient and effective visualizations that allow them to comprehend information that is embedded in the data. Therefore, systems supporting the users to design appropriate visualizations are of great importance. The GADGET (Goal-oriented Application Design Guidance for modular visualization EnvironmenTs) system, which has been developed by the authors (1997), interactively helps users to design scientific visualization applications by presenting appropriate MVE (Modular Visualization Environment) prototypes according to the specification of the visualization goals expressed mainly with the Wehrend matrix (S. Wehrend & C. Lewis, 1990). This paper extends this approach in order to develop a system named GADGET/IV, which is intended to provide the users with an environment for semi-automatic design of information visualization (IV) applications. To this end, a novel goal-oriented taxonomy of IV techniques is presented. Also, an initial design of the system architecture and user assistance flow is described. The usefulness of the GADGET/IV system is illustrated with example problems of Web site access frequency analysis. | false | false | [
"Issei Fujishiro",
"Rika Furuhata",
"Yoshihiko Ichikawa",
"Yuriko Takeshima"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Getting portals to behave | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885087 | Data visualization environments help users understand and analyze their data by permitting interactive browsing of graphical representations of the data. To further facilitate understanding and analysis, many visualization environments have special features known as portals, which are sub-windows of a data canvas. Portals provide a way to display multiple graphical representations simultaneously, in a nested fashion. This makes portals an extremely powerful and flexible paradigm for data visualization. Unfortunately, with this flexibility comes complexity. There are over a hundred possible ways each portal can be configured to exhibit different behaviors. Many of these behaviors are confusing and certain behaviors can be inappropriate for a particular setting. It is desirable to eliminate confusing and inappropriate behaviors. The authors construct a taxonomy of portal behaviors and give recommendations to help designers of visualization systems decide which behaviors are intuitive and appropriate for a particular setting. They apply these recommendations to an example setting that is fully visually programmable and analyze the resulting reduced set of behaviors. Finally, the authors consider a real visualization environment and demonstrate some problems associated with behaviors that do not follow their recommendations. | false | false | [
"Christopher Olston",
"Allison Woodruff"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Information content measures of visual displays | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885096 | With an increase in the number of different visualization techniques, it becomes necessary to develop a measure for evaluating the effectiveness of visualizations. Metrics to evaluate visual displays were developed based on measures of information content developed by Shannon and used in communication theory. These measures of information content can be used to quantify the relative effectiveness of displays. | false | false | [
"Julie Yang-Peláez",
"Woodie Flowers"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Interactive problem solving via algorithm visualization | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885103 | COMIND is a tool for conceptual design of industrial products. It helps designers define and evaluate the initial design space by using search algorithms to generate sets of feasible solutions. Two algorithm visualization techniques, Kaleidoscope and Lattice, and one visualization of n-dimensional data, MAP, are used to externalize the machine's problem solving strategies and the tradeoffs as a result of using these strategies. After a short training period, users are able to discover tactics to explore design space effectively, evaluate new design solutions, and learn important relationships among design criteria, search speed and solution quality. We thus propose that visualization can serve as a tool for interactive intelligence, ie., human-machine collaboration for solving complex problems. | false | false | [
"Pearl Pu",
"Denis Lalanne"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Lighthouse: showing the way to relevant information | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885099 | Lighthouse is an on-line interface for a Web-based information retrieval system. It accepts queries from a user, collects the retrieved documents from the search engine, organizes and presents them to the user. The system integrates two known presentations of the retrieved results, the ranked list and clustering visualization, in a novel and effective way. It accepts the user's input and adjusts the document visualization accordingly. We give a brief overview of the system. | false | false | [
"Anton Leuski",
"James Allan"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Metaphor-aware 3D navigation | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885104 | Anyone who has ever experienced three-dimensional (3D) interfaces will agree that navigating in a 3D world is not a trivial task. The user interface of traditional 3D browsers provides simple navigation tools that allow the user to modify the camera parameters such as orientation, position and focal. Using these tools, it is frequent that, after some movements, the user is lost in the virtual 3D space and usually tries to restart from the beginning. We present how the 3D navigation problem is addressed in the context of the CyberNet project (Abel et al., 2000). Our underlying principle is to help the user navigate by adapting the navigation tool to the virtual world. We feel that the navigation schemes provided by the 3D browsers are too generic for some specific 3D tools and we have developed adaptive navigation features that are dependent on the 3D metaphor used for visualizing the information and on the user's task. | false | false | [
"Cristina Russo Dos Santos",
"Pascal Gros",
"Pierre Abel",
"Didier Loisel",
"N. Trichaud",
"J. P. Paris"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | New methods for the visualization of electric power system information | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885101 | One area in need of new research in information visualization is the operation and analysis of large-scale electric power systems. In analyzing power systems, one is usually confronted with a large amount of multivariate data. With systems containing tens of thousands of electrical nodes (buses), a key challenge is to present this data in a form so the user can assess the state of the system in an intuitive and quick manner. This is particularly true when trying to analyze relationships between actual network power flows, the scheduled power flows, and the capacity of the transmission system. With electric industry restructuring and the move towards having a single entity, such as an independent system operator or pool, operate a much larger system, this need has become more acute. This paper presents several power system visualization techniques to help in this task. These techniques include animation of power system flow values, contouring of bus and transmission line flow values, data aggregation techniques and interactive 3D data visualization. | false | false | [
"Thomas J. Overbye",
"Jamie D. Weber"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Polaris: a system for query, analysis and visualization of multi-dimensional relational databases | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885086 | In the last several years, large multi-dimensional databases have become common in a variety of applications such as data warehousing and scientific computing. Analysis and exploration tasks place significant demands on the interfaces to these databases. Because of the size of the data sets, dense graphical representations are more effective for exploration than spreadsheets and charts. Furthermore, because of the exploratory nature of the analysis, it must be possible for the analysts to change visualizations rapidly as they pursue a cycle involving first hypothesis and then experimentation. The authors present Polaris, an interface for exploring large multi-dimensional databases that extends the well-known Pivot Table interface. The novel features of Polaris include an interface for constructing visual specifications of table based graphical displays and the ability to generate a precise set of relational queries from the visual specifications. The visual specifications can be rapidly and incrementally developed, giving the analyst visual feedback as they construct complex queries and visualizations. | false | false | [
"Chris Stolte",
"Pat Hanrahan"
] | [
"TT"
] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Redefining the focus and context of focus+context visualization | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885094 | The increasing diversity of computers, especially among small mobile devices such as mobile phones and PDAs, raise new questions about information visualization techniques developed for the desktop computer. Using a series of examples ranging from applications for ordinary desktop displays to web-browsers and other applications for PDAs, we describe how a focus+context technique, Flip Zooming, is changed due to the situation it is used in. Based on these examples, we discuss how the use of "focus" and "context" in focus+context techniques change in order to fit new areas of use for information visualization. | false | false | [
"Staffan Björk",
"Johan Redström"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | ThemeRiver: visualizing theme changes over time | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885098 | ThemeRiver/sup TM/ is a prototype system that visualizes thematic variations over time within a large collection of documents. The "river" flows from left to right through time, changing width to depict changes in thematic strength of temporally associated documents. Colored "currents" flowing within the river narrow or widen to indicate decreases or increases in the strength of an individual topic or a group of topics in the associated documents. The river is shown within the context of a timeline and a corresponding textual presentation of external events. | false | false | [
"Susan L. Havre",
"Elizabeth G. Hetzler",
"Lucy T. Nowell"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Using Visualization to Detect Plagiarism in Computer Science Classes | 10.0000/00000001 | null | false | false | [
"Randy L. Ribler",
"Marc Abrams"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Visualizing massive multi-digraphs | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885089 | We describe MGV, an integrated visualization and exploration system for massive multi-digraph navigation. MGV's only assumption is that the vertex set of the underlying digraph corresponds to the set of leaves of a predetermined tree T. MGV builds an out-of-core graph hierarchy and provides mechanisms to plug in arbitrary visual representations for each graph hierarchy slice. Navigation from one level to another of the hierarchy corresponds to the implementation of a drill-down interface. In order to provide the user with navigation control and interactive response, MGV incorporates a number of visualization techniques like interactive pixel-oriented 2D and 3D maps, statistical displays, multi-linked views, and a zoomable label based interface. This makes the association of geographic information and graph data very natural. MGV follows the client-server paradigm and it is implemented in C and Java-3D. We highlight the main algorithmic and visualization techniques behind the tools and point out along the way several possible application scenarios. Our techniques are being applied to multi-graphs defined on vertex sets with sizes ranging from 100 million to 250 million vertices. | false | false | [
"James Abello",
"Jeffrey L. Korn"
] | [] | [] | [] |
InfoVis | 2,000 | Visualizing sequential patterns for text mining | 10.1109/INFVIS.2000.885097 | A sequential pattern in data mining is a finite series of elements such as A/spl rarr/B/spl rarr/C/spl rarr/D where A, B, C, and D are elements of the same domain. The mining of sequential patterns is designed to find patterns of discrete events that frequently happen in the same arrangement along a timeline. Like association and clustering, the mining of sequential patterns is among the most popular knowledge discovery techniques that apply statistical measures to extract useful information from large datasets. As out computers become more powerful, we are able to mine bigger datasets and obtain hundreds of thousands of sequential patterns in full detail. With this vast amount of data, we argue that neither data mining nor visualization by itself can manage the information and reflect the knowledge effectively. Subsequently, we apply visualization to augment data mining in a study of sequential patterns in large text corpora. The result shows that we can learn more and more quickly in an integrated visual data-mining environment. | false | false | [
"Pak Chung Wong",
"Wendy Cowley",
"Harlan Foote",
"Elizabeth Jurrus",
"James J. Thomas"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | A Case Study of Isosurface Extraction Algorithm Performance | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_26 | null | false | false | [
"Philip M. Sutton",
"Charles D. Hansen",
"Han-Wei Shen",
"Daniel Schikore"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | A Framework for Interactive Hardware Accelerated Remote 3D-Visualization | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_17 | null | false | false | [
"Klaus Engel",
"Ove Sommer",
"Thomas Ertl"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | AlVis - An Aluminium-Foam Visualization and Investigation Tool | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_23 | null | false | false | [
"Andreas König 0002",
"Helmut Doleisch",
"Andreas Kottar",
"Brigitte Kriszt",
"M. Eduard Gröller"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Appearance-Based Virtual-View Generation for Fly Through in a Real Dynamic Scene | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_18 | null | false | false | [
"Shigeyuki Baba",
"Hideo Saito",
"Sundar Vedula",
"Kong Man Cheung",
"Takeo Kanade"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Case Study: Resource Steering in a Visualization System | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_27 | null | false | false | [
"Ed H. Chi",
"John Riedl"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Contextual Visualization of Actor Status in Social Networks | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_2 | null | false | false | [
"Ulrik Brandes",
"Dorothea Wagner"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | DAG Drawing from an Information Visualization Perspective | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_1 | null | false | false | [
"Guy Melançon",
"Iván Herman"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Design of Visualizations for Urban Modeling | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_20 | null | false | false | [
"Denise Pinnel",
"Matthew Dockrey",
"A. J. Bernheim Brush",
"Alan Borning"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Direct Volume Rendering from Photographic Data | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_14 | null | false | false | [
"David S. Ebert",
"Tim McClanahan",
"Penny Rheingans",
"Terry S. Yoo"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Drawing Relational Schemas | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_6 | null | false | false | [
"Giuseppe Di Battista",
"Walter Didimo",
"Maurizio Patrignani",
"Maurizio Pizzonia"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Dynamic Overview Techniques for Image Retrieval | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_5 | null | false | false | [
"Pearl Pu",
"Zoran Pecenovic"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Fast Visualization of Special Relativistic Effects on Geometry and Illumination | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_22 | null | false | false | [
"Daniel Weiskopf"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Hardware Accelerated Wavelet Transformations | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_10 | null | false | false | [
"Matthias Hopf",
"Thomas Ertl"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Hierarchical Data Representations Based on Planar Voronoi Diagrams | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_7 | null | false | false | [
"Gregory L. Schussman",
"Martin Bertram 0001",
"Bernd Hamann",
"Kenneth I. Joy"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Hybrid Model for Vascular Tree Structures | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_13 | null | false | false | [
"Anna Puig",
"Dani Tost",
"Isabel Navazo"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Improving Angular Resolution in Visualizations of Geographic Networks | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_3 | null | false | false | [
"Ulrik Brandes",
"Galina Shubina",
"Roberto Tamassia"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Integrated Multiresolution Geometry and Texture Models for Terrain Visualization | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_16 | null | false | false | [
"Konstantin Baumann",
"Jürgen Döllner",
"Klaus H. Hinrichs"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Multiresolution Techniques for Interactive Texture-based Rendering of Arbitrarily Oriented Cutting Planes | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_11 | null | false | false | [
"Eric LaMar",
"Mark A. Duchaineau",
"Bernd Hamann",
"Kenneth I. Joy"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Progressive Volume Models for Rectilinear Data using Tetrahedral Coons Volumes | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_9 | null | false | false | [
"Dave J. Holliday",
"Gregory M. Nielson"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Skeleton Graph Generation for Feature Shape Description | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_8 | null | false | false | [
"Freek Reinders",
"Melvin E. D. Jacobson",
"Frits H. Post"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | SMARTLINK: An Agent for Supporting Dataflow Application Construction | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_19 | null | false | false | [
"Alexandru C. Telea",
"Jarke J. van Wijk"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Squarified Treemaps | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_4 | null | false | false | [
"Mark Bruls",
"Kees Huizing",
"Jarke J. van Wijk"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Towards visual matching as a way of transferring pre-operative surgery planning | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_25 | null | false | false | [
"Stijn De Buck",
"Johan Van Cleynenbreugel",
"Guy Marchal",
"Paul Suetens"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Variational Approach to Vector Field Decomposition | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_15 | null | false | false | [
"Konrad Polthier",
"Eike Preuß"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | Very Large Scale Visualization Methods for Astrophysical Data | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_12 | null | false | false | [
"Andrew J. Hanson",
"Chi-Wing Fu",
"Eric A. Wernert"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | ViSSh: A Data Visualisation Spreadsheet | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_21 | null | false | false | [
"Fabian Nunez",
"Edwin H. Blake"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,000 | WWW-based Visualization of the Real Time Run of a Space Weather Forecasting Model | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_24 | null | false | false | [
"Sergei Maurtis",
"Jeff McAllister",
"Brenton Watkins"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,000 | Enriching buyers' experiences: the SmartClient approach | 10.1145/332040.332446 | In electronic commerce, a satisfying buyer experience is a key competitive element. We show new techniques for better adapting interaction with an electronic catalog system to actual buying behavior. Our model replaces the sequential separation of needs identification and product brokering with a conversation in which both processes occur simultaneously. This conversation supports the buyer in formulating his or her needs, and in deciding which criteria to apply in selecting a product to buy. We have experimented with this approach in the area of travel planning and developed a system called SmartClient Travel which supports this process. It includes tools for need identification, visualization of alternatives, and choosing the most suitable one. We describe the system and its implementation, and report on user studies showing its advantages for electronic catalogs. | false | false | [
"Pearl Pu",
"Boi Faltings"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,000 | HandSCAPE: a vectorizing tape measure for on-site measuring applications | 10.1145/332040.332417 | We introduce HandSCAPE, an orientation-aware digital tape measure, as an input device for digitizing field measurements, and visualizing the volume of the resulting vectors with computer graphics. Using embedded orientation-sensing hardware, HandSCAPE captures relevant vectors on each linear measurements and transmits this data wirelessly to a remote computer in real-time. To guide us in design, we have closely studied the intended users, their tasks, and the physical workplaces to extract the needs from real worlds. In this paper, we first describe the potential utility of HandSCAPE for three on-site application areas: archeological surveys, interior design, and storage space allocation. We then describe the overall system which includes orientation sensing, vector calculation, and primitive modeling. With exploratory usage results, we conclude our paper for interface design issues and future developments. | false | false | [
"Jay Lee",
"Victor Su",
"Sandia Ren",
"Hiroshi Ishii 0001"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,000 | The cubic mouse: a new device for three-dimensional input | 10.1145/332040.332491 | We have developed a new input device that allows users to intuitively specify three-dimensional coordinates in graphics applications. The device consists of a cube-shaped box with three perpendicular rods passing through the center and buttons on the top for additional control. The rods represent the X, Y, and Z axes of a given coordinate system. Pushing and pulling the rods specifies constrained motion along the corresponding axes. Embedded within the device is a six degree of freedom tracking sensor, which allows the rods to be continually aligned with a coordinate system located in a virtual world. We have integrated the device into two visualization prototypes for crash engineers and geologists from oil and gas companies. In these systems the Cubic Mouse controls the position and orientation of a virtual model and the rods move three orthogonal cutting or slicing planes through the model. We have evaluated the device with experts from these domains, who were enthusiastic about its ease of use. | false | false | [
"Bernd Fröhlich 0001",
"John Plate"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,000 | The scent of a site: a system for analyzing and predicting information scent, usage, and usability of a Web site | 10.1145/332040.332423 | Designers and researchers of users' interactions with the World Wide Web need tools that permit the rapid exploration of hypotheses about complex interactions of user goals, user behaviors, and Web site designs. We present an architecture and system for the analysis and prediction of user behavior and Web site usability. The system integrates research on human information foraging theory, a reference model of information visualization and Web data-mining techniques. The system also incorporates new methods of Web site visualization (Dome Tree, Usage Based Layouts), a new predictive modeling technique for Web site use (Web User Flow by Information Scent, WUFIS), and new Web usability metrics. | false | false | [
"Ed Huai-hsin Chi",
"Peter Pirolli",
"James E. Pitkow"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | "Whole field modelling". Effective real-time and post-survey visualization of underwater pipelines | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809926 | The detailed underwater bathymetric data provided by Sonar Research and Development's high speed multi-frequency sonar transducer system provides new challenges in the development of interactive seabed visualization tools. The paper introduces a "Whole Field Modelling" system developed at Sonar Research and Development Ltd and The Department of Computer Science, University of Hull. This system provides the viewer with a new 3D underwater visualization environment that allows the user to pilot a virtual underwater vehicle around an accurate seabed model. We consider two example case studies that use the Whole Field Modelling system for visualizing sonar data. Both case studies, visualizing real time pipeline dredging and pipe restoration visualization, are implemented using real survey data. | false | false | [
"Paul Chapman",
"Derek Wills",
"Peter Stevens",
"Graham R. Brookes"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | A computer animation representing the molecular events of G protein-coupled receptor activation | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809915 | The molecular events involved in the activation of G protein-coupled receptors, represent a fundamental biochemical process. These events were selected for animation because the mechanism involves both a ligand-receptor conformational shape change, and an enzyme-substrate conformational shape change. Expository animation brought this biochemical process to life. | false | false | [
"Zoya Maslak",
"Douglas J. Steel",
"Robert J. McDermott"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | A distributed graphics system for large tiled displays | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809890 | Recent interest in large displays has led to renewed development of tiled displays, which are comprised of several individual displays arranged in an array and used as one large logical display. Stanford's "Interactive Mural" is an example of such a display, using an overlapping four by two array of projectors that back-project onto a diffuse screen to form a 6' by 2' display area with a resolution of over 60 dpi. Writing software to make effective use of the large display space is a challenge because normal window system interaction metaphors break down. One promising approach is to switch to immersive applications; another approach, the one we are investigating, is to emulate office, conference room or studio environments which use the space to display a collection of visual material to support group activities. We describe a virtual graphics system that is designed to support multiple simultaneous rendering streams from both local and remote sites. The system abstracts the physical number of computers, graphics subsystems and projectors used to create the display. We provide performance measurements to show that the system scales well and thus supports a variety of different hardware configurations. The system is also interesting because it uses transparent "layers", instead of windows, to manage the screen. | false | false | [
"Greg Humphreys",
"Pat Hanrahan"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | A fast volume rendering algorithm for time-varying fields using a time-space partitioning (TSP) tree | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809910 | We present a fast volume rendering algorithm for time-varying fields. We propose a new data structure, called time-space partitioning (TSP) tree, that can effectively capture both the spatial and the temporal coherence from a time-varying field. Using the proposed data structure, the rendering speed is substantially improved. In addition, our data structure helps to maintain the memory access locality and to provide the sparse data traversal so that our algorithm becomes suitable for large-scale out-of-core applications. Finally, our algorithm allows flexible error control for both the temporal and the spatial coherence so that a trade-off between image quality and rendering speed is possible. We demonstrate the utility and speed of our algorithm with data from several time-varying CFD simulations. Our rendering algorithm can achieve substantial speedup while the storage space overhead for the TSP tree is kept at a minimum. | false | false | [
"Han-Wei Shen",
"Ling-Jan Chiang",
"Kwan-Liu Ma"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | A framework for assisted exploration with collaboration | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809893 | We approach the problem of exploring a virtual space by exploiting positional and camera-model constraints on navigation to provide extra assistance that focuses the user's explorational wanderings on the task objectives. Our specific design incorporates not only task-based constraints on the viewer's location, gaze, and viewing parameters, but also a personal "glide" that serves two important functions: keeping the user oriented in the navigation space, and "pointing" to interesting subject areas as they are approached. The guide's cues may be ignored by continuing in motion, but if the user stops, the gaze shifts automatically toward whatever the guide was interested in. This design has the serendipitous feature that it automatically incorporates a nested collaborative paradigm simply by allowing any given viewer to be seen as the "guide" of one or more viewers following behind; the leading automated guide (we tend to select a guide dog for this avatar) can remind the leading live human guide of interesting sites to point out, while each real human collaborator down the chain has some choices about whether to follow the local leader's hints. We have chosen VRML as our initial development medium primarily because of its portability, and we have implemented a variety of natural modes for leading and collaborating, including ways for collaborators to attach to and detach from a particular leader. | false | false | [
"Eric A. Wernert",
"Andrew J. Hanson"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | A multi-threaded streaming pipeline architecture for large structured data sets | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809891 | Computer simulation and digital measuring systems are now generating data of unprecedented size. The size of data is becoming so large that conventional visualization tools are incapable of processing it, which is in turn is impacting the effectiveness of computational tools. In this paper we describe an object-oriented architecture that addresses this problem by automatically breaking data into pieces, and then processes the data piece-by-piece within a pipeline of filters. The piece size is user specified and can be controlled to eliminate the need for swapping (i.e., relying on virtual memory). In addition, because piece size can be controlled, any size problem can be run on any size computer, at the expense of extra computational time. Furthermore pieces are automatically broken into sub-pieces and each piece assigned to a different thread for parallel processing. This paper includes numerical performance studies and references to the source code which is freely available on the Web. | false | false | [
"C. Charles Law",
"Ken Martin",
"William J. Schroeder",
"Joshua Temkin"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Accelerating 3D convolution using graphics hardware | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809934 | Many volume filtering operations used for image enhancement, data processing or feature detection can be written in terms of three-dimensional convolutions. It is not possible to yield interactive frame rates on todays hardware when applying such convolutions on volume data using software filter routines. As modern graphics workstations have the ability to render two-dimensional convoluted images to the frame buffer, this feature can be used to accelerate the process significantly. This way generic 3D convolution can be added as a powerful tool in interactive volume visualization toolkits. | false | false | [
"Matthias Hopf",
"Thomas Ertl"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | An interactive framework for visualizing foreign currency exchange options | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809929 | Analyzing options is a complex, multi-variate process. Option behavior depends on a variety of market conditions which vary over the time course of the option. The goal of this project is to provide an interactive visual environment which allows the analyst to explore these complex interactions, and to select and construct specific views for communicating information to non-analysts (e.g., marketing managers and customers). In this paper we describe an environment for exploring 2- and 3-dimensional representations of options data, dynamically varying parameters, examining how multi-variate relationships develop over time, and exploring the likelihood of the development of different outcomes over the life of the option. We also demonstrate how this tool has been used by analysts to communicate to non-analysts how particular options no longer deliver the behavior they were originally intended to provide. | false | false | [
"Donna L. Gresh",
"Bernice E. Rogowitz",
"M. S. Tignor",
"E. J. Mayland"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Animating wrinkles on clothes | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809885 | This paper describes a method to simulate realistic wrinkles on clothes without fine mesh and large computational overheads. Cloth has very little in-plane deformations, as most of the deformations come from buckling. This can be looked at as area conservation property of cloth. The area conservation formulation of the method modulates the user defined wrinkle pattern, based on deformation of individual triangle. The methodology facilitates use of small in-plane deformation stiffnesses and a coarse mesh for the numerical simulation, this makes cloth simulation fast and robust. Moreover, the ability to design wrinkles (even on generalized deformable models) makes this method versatile for synthetic image generation. The method inspired from cloth wrinkling problem, being geometric in nature, can be extended to other wrinkling phenomena. | false | false | [
"Sunil Hadap",
"Endre Bangerter",
"Pascal Volino",
"Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Anisotropic nonlinear diffusion in flow visualization | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809904 | Vector field visualization is an important topic in scientific visualization. Its aim is to graphically represent field data in an intuitively understandable and precise way. Here a new approach based on anisotropic nonlinear diffusion is introduced. It enables an easy perception of flow data and serves as an appropriate scale space method for the visualization of complicated flow patterns. The approach is closely related to nonlinear diffusion methods in image analysis where images are smoothed while still retaining and enhancing edges. An initial noisy image is smoothed along streamlines, whereas the image is sharpened in the orthogonal direction. The method is based on a continuous model and requires the solution of a parabolic PDE problem. It is discretized only in the final implementational step. Therefore, many important qualitative aspects can already be discussed on a continuous level. Applications are shown in 2D and 3D and the provisions for flow segmentation are outlined. | false | false | [
"Tobias Preußer",
"Martin Rumpf"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Automating transfer function design for comprehensible volume rendering based on 3D field topology analysis | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809932 | This paper describes initial results of a 3D field topology analysis for automating transfer function design aiming at comprehensible volume rendering. The conventional Reeb graph-based approach to describing topological features of 3D surfaces is extended to capture the topological skeleton of a volumetric field. Based on the analysis result, which is represented in the form of a hyper Reeb graph, a procedure is proposed for designing appropriate color/opacity transfer functions. Two analytic volume datasets are used to preliminarily prove the feasibility of the present design methodology. | false | false | [
"Issei Fujishiro",
"Taeko Azuma",
"Yuriko Takeshima"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Automation or interaction: what's best for big data? | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809940 | “Automation Suffices for 80% of Visualization” In the late 1800’s telephone exchanges were manually operated and could only process a few callers a minute. As the volume of calls grew, a single operator could not handle the demand and manual exchanges gave way to automated ones. Today, operators still connect some calls, usually when the caller needs additional information (or money), but the vast majority can be handled by automated systems. History is littered with examples of systems that have become automated as technology improves. This panel questions whether we, the visualization community, are on the right track by concentrating our research and development on interactive visualization tools and systems. After all, research programs like the Department of Energy’s Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI) run computer simulations that produce terabytes of data every day. This raises the following questions: Interactive visualization would be essential to those scientists who pursue unfettered exploration of unfamiliar data, the scientists who discover new phenomena in their simulation that they never suspected were there, the scientists who like to try new tools that other people have created for their use. As many of us have experienced first-hand, these scientists exist in the realm of science fiction and PBS specials, not in real life. There are two primary applications of computer graphics in scientific computing: debugging and presentation. Tom Crockett (ICASE) champions the paradigm of visualization as a 3D print statement to let you Is it feasible to analyze terabyte data sets using interactive techniques? quickly hunt down an offending segment of code. An interactive debugger is great for finding errors, but _. most people only use one as a last resort. The automatically-generated compiler messages catch the large fraction of simple bugs, and print statements reveal * Has visualization reached a level of maturity where most of the tasks can be automated? | false | false | [
"David N. Kenwright",
"David C. Banks",
"Steve Bryson",
"Robert Haimes",
"Robert van Liere",
"Samuel P. Uselton"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | C1-interpolation for vector field topology visualization | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809897 | An application of C/sup 1/ scalar interpolation for 2D vector field topology visualization is presented. Powell-Sabin and Nielson interpolants are considered which both make use of Nielson's Minimum Norm Network for the precomputation of the derivatives in our implementation. A comparison of their results to the commonly used linear interpolant underlines their significant improvement of singularity location and topological skeleton depiction. Evaluation is based upon the processing of polynomial vector fields with known topology containing higher order singularities. | false | false | [
"Gerik Scheuermann",
"Xavier Tricoche",
"Hans Hagen"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Collapsing Flow Topology Using Area Metrics | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809907 | Visualization of topological information of a vector field can provide useful information on the structure of the field. However, in turbulent flows standard critical point visualization will result in a cluttered image which is difficult to interpret. This paper presents a technique for collapsing topologies. The governing idea is to classify the importance of the critical points in the topology. By only displaying the more important critical points, a simplified depiction of the topology can be provided. Flow consistency is maintained when collapsing the topology, resulting in a visualization which is consistent with the original topology. We apply the collapsing topology technique to a turbulent flow field. | false | false | [
"Wim C. de Leeuw",
"Robert van Liere"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Construction of vector field hierarchies | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809863 | Presents a method for the hierarchical representation of vector fields. Our approach is based on iterative refinement using clustering and principal component analysis. The input to our algorithm is a discrete set of points with associated vectors. The algorithm generates a top-down segmentation of the discrete field by splitting clusters of points. We measure the error of the various approximation levels by measuring the discrepancy between streamlines generated by the original discrete field and its approximations based on much smaller discrete data sets. Our method assumes no particular structure of the field, nor does it require any topological connectivity information. It is possible to generate multi-resolution representations of vector fields using this approach. | false | false | [
"Bjørn Heckel",
"Gunther H. Weber",
"Bernd Hamann",
"Kenneth I. Joy"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Cracking the cracking problem with Coons patches | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809899 | We present a novel approach to solving the cracking problem. The cracking problem arises in many contexts in scientific visualization and computer graphics modeling where there is need for an approximation based upon domain decomposition that is fine in certain regions and coarse in others. This includes surface rendering approximation of images and multiresolution terrain visualization. In general, algorithms based upon adaptive refinement strategies must deal with this problem. The approach presented here is simple and general. It is based upon the use of a triangular Coons patch. Both the basic idea of using a triangular Coons patch in this context and the particular Coons patch that is used constitute the novel contributions of the paper. | false | false | [
"Gregory M. Nielson",
"Dave J. Holliday",
"Tom Roxborough"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | DELTA's Virtual Physics Laboratory: a comprehensive learning platform on physics and astronomy | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809920 | Perhaps the most effective instrument to simplify and to clarify the comprehension of any complex mathematical or scientific theory is through visualisation. Moreover using interactivity and 3D real time representations, one can easily explore and hence learn quickly in the virtual environments. The concept of virtual and safe laboratories has vast potentials in education. With the aid of computer simulations and 3D visualisations, many dangerous or cumbersome experiments may be implemented in the virtual environments, with rather small effort. Nonetheless visualisation alone is of little use if the respective simulation is not scientifically accurate. Hence a rigorous combination of precise computation as well as sophisticated visualisation, presented through some intuitive user interface is required to realise a virtual laboratory for education. We introduce Delta's Virtual Physics Laboratory, comprising a wide range of applications in the field of physics and astronomy, which can be implemented and used as an interactive learning tool on the World Wide Web. | false | false | [
"Sepideh Chakaveh",
"Udo Zlender",
"Detlef Skaley",
"Konstantinos Fostiropoulos",
"Dieter Breitschwerdt"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Design and implementation of an immersive geoscience toolkit | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809922 | Having a better way to represent and to interact with large geological models are topics of high interest in geoscience, and especially for oil and gas companies. We present the design and implementation of a visualization program that involves two main features. It is based on the central data model, in order to display in real time the modifications caused by the modeler. Furthermore, it benefits from the different immersive environments which give the user a much more accurate insight of the model than a regular computer screen. Then, we focus on the difficulties that come in the way of performance. | false | false | [
"Christophe Winkler",
"Fabien Bosquet",
"Xavier Cavin",
"Jean-Claude Paul"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Detecting null alleles with vasarely charts | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809931 | Microsatellite genotypes can have problems that are difficult to detect with existing tools. One such problem is null alleles. This paper presents a new visualization tool that helps to find and characterize these errors. The paper explains how the tool is used to analyze groups of genotypes and proposes other possible uses. | false | false | [
"Carl Manaster",
"Elizabeth Nanthakumar",
"Phillip A. Morin"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Detecting vortical phenomena in vector data by medium-scale correlation | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809917 | The detection of vortical phenomena in vector data is one of the key issues in many technical applications, in particular in flow visualization. Many existing approaches rely on purely local evaluation of the vector data. In order to overcome the limits of a local approach, we choose to combine a local method with a correlation of a pre-defined generic vortex with the data in a medium-scale region. Two different concepts of generic vortices were tested on various sets of flow velocity vector data. The approach is not limited to the two generic patterns suggested here. The method was found to successfully detect vortices in cases were other methods fail. | false | false | [
"Hans-Georg Pagendarm",
"Birgit Henne",
"Markus Rütten"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Digital design of a surgical simulator for interventional MR imaging | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809913 | We present the design of a simulator for a prototype interventional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. This MRI scanner is integrated with an operating theater, enabling new techniques in minimally invasive surgery. The simulator is designed with a threefold purpose: to provide a rehearsal apparatus for practicing and modifying conventional procedures for use in the magnetic environment; to serve as a visualization workstation for procedure planning and previewing as well as a post-operative review; and to form the foundation of a laboratory workbench for the development of new surgical tools and procedures for minimally invasive surgery. The simulator incorporates pre-operative data, either MRI or CT exams, as well as data from commercial surgical planning systems. Dynamic control of the simulation and interactive display of pre-operative data in lieu of intra-operative data is handled via an opto-electronic tracking system. The resulting system is contributing insights into how best to perform visualization for this new surgical environment. | false | false | [
"Terry S. Yoo",
"Penny Rheingans"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Efficient compression of non-manifold polygonal meshes | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809870 | We present a method for compressing non-manifold polygonal meshes, i.e. polygonal meshes with singularities, which occur very frequently in the real-world. Most efficient polygonal compression methods currently available are restricted to a manifold mesh: they require a conversion process, and fail to retrieve the original model connectivity after decompression. The present method works by converting the original model to a manifold model, encoding the manifold model using an existing mesh compression technique, and clustering, or stitching together during the decompression process vertices that were duplicated earlier to faithfully recover the original connectivity. This paper focuses on efficiently encoding and decoding the stitching information. By separating connectivity from geometry and properties, the method avoids encoding vertices (and properties bound to vertices) multiple times; thus a reduction of the size of the bit-stream of about 10% is obtained compared with encoding the model as a manifold. | false | false | [
"André Guéziec",
"Frank Bossen",
"Gabriel Taubin",
"Cláudio T. Silva"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 1,999 | Enabling Classification and Shading for 3D Texture Mapping based Volume Rendering using OpenGL and Extensions | 10.1109/VISUAL.1999.809889 | We present a new technique which enables direct volume rendering based on 3D texture mapping hardware, enabling shading as well as classification of the interpolated data. Our technique supports accurate lighting for a one directional light source, semi-transparent classification, and correct blending. To circumvent the limitations of one general classification, we introduce multiple classification spaces which are very valuable to understand the visualized data, and even mandatory to comprehensively grasp the 3D relationship of different materials present in the volumetric data. Furthermore, we illustrate how multiple classification spaces can be realized using existing graphics hardware. In contrast to previously reported algorithms, our technique is capable of performing all the above mentioned tasks within the graphics pipeline. Therefore, it is very efficient: The three dimensional texture needs to be stored only once and no load is put onto the CPU. Besides using standard OpenGL functionality, we exploit advanced per pixel operations and make use of available OpenGL extensions. | false | false | [
"Michael Meißner",
"Ulrich Hoffmann",
"Wolfgang Straßer"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.