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in Xamarin.Forms, most developers write layouts in XAML, |
though sometimes in c#. |
in flutter, you write your layouts with a widget tree in code. |
the following example shows how to display a simple widget with padding: |
<code_start> |
@override |
widget build(BuildContext context) { |
return scaffold( |
appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Sample app')), |
body: center( |
child: ElevatedButton( |
style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom( |
padding: const EdgeInsets.only(left: 20, right: 30), |
), |
onPressed: () {}, |
child: const Text('Hello'), |
), |
), |
); |
} |
<code_end> |
you can view the layouts that flutter has to offer in the |
widget catalog. |
<topic_end> |
<topic_start> |
how do i add or remove an element from my layout? |
in Xamarin.Forms, you had to remove or add an element in code. |
this involved either setting the content property or calling |
add() or remove() if it was a list. |
in flutter, because widgets are immutable there is no direct equivalent. |
instead, you can pass a function to the parent that returns a widget, |
and control that child’s creation with a boolean flag. |
the following example shows how to toggle between two widgets |
when the user clicks the FloatingActionButton: |
<code_start> |
class SampleApp extends StatelessWidget { |
/// this widget is the root of your application. |
const SampleApp({super.key}); |
@override |
widget build(BuildContext context) { |
return const MaterialApp( |
title: 'sample app', |
home: SampleAppPage(), |
); |
} |
} |
class SampleAppPage extends StatefulWidget { |
const SampleAppPage({super.key}); |
@override |
State<SampleAppPage> createState() => _SampleAppPageState(); |
} |
class _SampleAppPageState extends State<SampleAppPage> { |
/// default value for toggle |
bool toggle = true; |
void _toggle() { |
setState(() { |
toggle = !toggle; |
}); |
} |
widget _getToggleChild() { |
if (toggle) { |
return const Text('Toggle one'); |
} |
return CupertinoButton( |
onPressed: () {}, |
child: const Text('Toggle two'), |
); |
} |
@override |
widget build(BuildContext context) { |
return scaffold( |
appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Sample app')), |
body: center(child: _getToggleChild()), |
floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton( |
onPressed: _toggle, |
tooltip: 'update text', |
child: const Icon(Icons.update), |
), |
); |
} |
} |
<code_end> |
<topic_end> |
<topic_start> |
how do i animate a widget? |
in Xamarin.Forms, you create simple animations using ViewExtensions that |
include methods such as FadeTo and TranslateTo. |
you would use these methods on a view |
to perform the required animations. |
then in code behind, or a behavior, this would fade in the image, |
over a 1-second period. |
in flutter, you animate widgets using the animation library |
by wrapping widgets inside an animated widget. |
use an AnimationController, which is an animation<double> |
that can pause, seek, stop and reverse the animation. |
it requires a ticker that signals when vsync happens, |
and produces a linear interpolation between 0 and 1 |
on each frame while it’s running. |
you then create one or moreAnimations and attach them to the controller. |
for example, you might use CurvedAnimation |
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