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Descriptive epidemiology of morbidity and mortality in Minnesota dairy heifer calves | Abstract A prospective study was carried out on 845 heifer calves born during 1991 on 30 Holstein dairy farms in southeast Minnesota. The objectives of the study were to describe the epidemiology of morbidity and mortality in dairy calves from birth to 16 weeks of age (with an emphasis on respiratory disease), to exami... |
Challenge-driven design for public housing: The case of Hong Kong | Abstract Public housing (PH) has existed in Hong Kong for six decades. Previous and current challenges that have been encountered over time function as a collective driver for design progression. However, such challenges have remained under research to be able to draw useful lessons from them. To understand how this es... |
Exposure to novel coronavirus in patients on renal replacement therapy during the exponential phase of COVID-19 pandemic: survey of the Italian Society of Nephrology | BACKGROUND: Between February and April 2020, Italy experienced an overwhelming growth of the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known, at the country level, where and how patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT) have been mostly affected. METHODS: Survey of the network of Nephrology centers using a simplified 17 items ele... |
Synthesis of hybrid carbon nanotube structures coated with Sophora flavescens nanoparticles and their application to antimicrobial air filtration | Abstract Controlling airborne microorganisms has become increasingly important with increase in human indoor activities, epidemic disease outbreaks, and airborne pathogen transmission. Treatments using antimicrobial nanoparticles have shown promise because of the high surface-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles compared t... |
Drop in urban air pollution from COVID-19 pandemic: Policy implications for the megacity of São Paulo() | |
The role of palliative medicine in ICU bed allocation in COVID-19: a joint position statement of the Singapore Hospice Council and the Chapter of Palliative Medicine Physicians | Facing the possibility of a surge of COVID-19-infected patients requiring ventilatory support in Intensive Care Units (ICU), the Singapore Hospice Council and the Chapter of Palliative Medicine Physicians forward its position on the guiding principles that ought to drive the allocation of ICU beds and its role in care ... |
Upper airway inflammatory diseases and bronchial hyperresponsiveness | Abstract Inflammatory processes of the upper airway may alter the responsiveness of the lower airway. For example, bronchial hyperresponsiveness may be seen in patients with allergic rhinitis. This could represent coexistent but unrecognized asthma, but also suggests that IgE-dependent inflammation may occur in the low... |
Infection-mediated asthma: etiology, mechanisms and treatment options, with focus on Chlamydia pneumoniae and macrolides | Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness to non-specific bronchoconstriction agonists as the primary underlying pathophysiology. The worldwide incidence of asthma has increased dramatically in the last 40 years. According to World Health Organ... |
Chapter 19 Nanodiagnostics in microbiology and dentistry | Abstract Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. The term “nanotechnology” is now commonly used to refer to the creation of new objects with nanoscale dimensions between 1 and 100nm. Functionalities can be added to nanomaterials by interfacing them with biological molecules or st... |
Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase physical inactivity and the global burden of cardiovascular disease | Emerging data indicate a substantial decrease in global physical activity levels during the period of social isolation adopted worldwide to contain the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Confinement-induced decreases in physical activity levels and increases in sedentary behavior may provoke a rapid det... |
Modern veterinary vaccines and the Shaman's apprentice | Abstract This paper is an overview and assessment of new, commercially available veterinary vaccines placed in a historical context. The authors critically evaluate the current state of the field of veterinary vaccines in both food and companion animals and the promises for future vaccine development. The authors maint... |
COVID-19 Public Sentiment Insights and Machine Learning for Tweets Classification | Along with the Coronavirus pandemic, another crisis has manifested itself in the form of mass fear and panic phenomena, fueled by incomplete and often inaccurate information. There is therefore a tremendous need to address and better understand COVID-19's informational crisis and gauge public sentiment, so that appropr... |
ECMO as an emergency medical countermeasure | |
Inappropriate modeling of chronic and complex disorders: How to reconsider the approach in the context of predictive, preventive and personalized medicine, and translational medicine | Preclinical investigations such as animal modeling make the basis of clinical investigations and subsequently patient care. Predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) not only highlights a patient-tailored approach by choosing the right medication, the right dose at the right time point but it as well ess... |
The immune vulnerability landscape of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 | The outbreak of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly spread from Wuhan, China to more than 150 countries, areas or territories, causing staggering number of infections and deaths. A systematic profiling of the immune vulnerability landscape of SARS-CoV-2, which can bring critical insights into the immune cle... |
Targeted Nutrition in Chronic Disease | Today, chronic disease is a major public health problem around the world that is rapidly increasing with a growing and aging population [...]. |
X-ray structure and activities of an essential Mononegavirales L-protein domain | The L protein of mononegaviruses harbours all catalytic activities for genome replication and transcription. It contains six conserved domains (CR-I to -VI; Fig. 1a). CR-III has been linked to polymerase and polyadenylation activity, CR-V to mRNA capping and CR-VI to cap methylation. However, how these activities are c... |
KI and WU Polyomaviruses in Children, France | KI and WU Polyomaviruses in Children, France |
Congenital Malaria in China | ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Congenital malaria, in which infants are directly infected with malaria parasites from their mother prior to or during birth, is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs at relatively low rates in malaria-endemic regions. It is recognized as a serious problem in Plasmodium falciparum–e... |
Correction for Li et al., “Discovery of Bat Coronaviruses through Surveillance and Probe Capture-Based Next-Generation Sequencing” | |
Are official confirmed cases and fatalities counts good enough to study the COVID-19 pandemic dynamics? A critical assessment through the case of Italy | As the COVID-19 outbreak is developing the two most frequently reported statistics seem to be the raw confirmed case and case fatalities counts. Focusing on Italy, one of the hardest hit countries, we look at how these two values could be put in perspective to reflect the dynamics of the virus spread. In particular, we... |
Mechanism of Fulminant Pulmonary Edema Caused by Enterovirus 71 | Pulmonary edema (PE) may occur with enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. We monitored arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) in patients with EV71 infection and analyzed the variability of AP and HR. Sympathetic activity, AP, and HR increased with respiratory stress. Thereafter, parasympathetic activity increased with ... |
A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) based on current evidence | Abstract The pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China in December 2019 is a highly contagious disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the ongoing outbreak as a global public health emergency. Currently, the research on novel coronavirus is still in the primary stage. Based on... |
The Impacts on Health, Society, and Economy of SARS and H7N9 Outbreaks in China: A Case Comparison Study | BACKGROUND: Epidemics such as SARS and H7N9 have caused huge negative impacts on population health and the economy in China. AIMS: This article discusses the impacts of SARS in 2003 and H7N9 in 2013 in China, in order to provide a better understanding to government and practitioners of why improving management of respo... |
Reduced plasma ACE2 activity in dialysis patients: another piece in the conundrum of factors involved in hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity? | the reduction in plasma ACE2 activity reported in ESRD patients treated by dialysis, particularly in female subjects, could limit Ang II degradation leading to increased levels of this peptide, which could contribute to the high prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity that afflicts the dialysis populati... |
Psychometric Evaluation of the Arabic Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale | Fear is a central emotional response to imminent threats such as the coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19). The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) assesses the severity of fear towards COVID-19. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the FCV-19S. Using a forward-backward translation, ... |
Racial disparities in knowledge, attitudes and practices related to COVID-19 in the USA | BACKGROUND: Recent reports indicate racial disparities in the rates of infection and mortality from the 2019 novel coronavirus (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]). The aim of this study was to determine whether disparities exist in the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) related to COVID-19. METHODS: ... |
Utilization of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners as Adult Critical Care Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Novel Approach | |
The cardiovascular burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with a focus on congenital heart disease | Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first described in a cluster of patients presenting with pneumonia symptoms in Wuhan, China, in December of 2019. Over the past few months, COVID-19 has developed into a worl... |
The dilemmas of the classification of SARS-CoV-2 infection without clinical manifestations: asymptomatic or presymptomatic | |
IFITM Proteins Restrict Viral Membrane Hemifusion | The interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) protein family represents a new class of cellular restriction factors that block early stages of viral replication; the underlying mechanism is currently not known. Here we provide evidence that IFITM proteins restrict membrane fusion induced by representatives of all thre... |
Pearls of experience for safe and efficient hospital practices in otorhinolaryngology—head and neck surgery in Hong Kong during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic | The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic originated in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly worldwide, leading the World Health Organization to declare an official global COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. In Hong Kong, clinicians and other healthcare personnel collaborated closely to combat the outbreak of COVI... |
Behavioral immune system linked to responses to the threat of COVID-19 | People possess psychological processes that help them avoid pathogens, which is particularly important when novel infectious diseases (e.g., COVID-19) spread through the population. Across two studies we examined whether trait pathogen avoidance (operationalized as perceived vulnerability to disease; PVD) was linked wi... |
Pre-infection of pigs with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae modifies outcomes of infection with European swine influenza virus of H1N1, but not H1N2, subtype | Abstract Swine influenza virus (SIV) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) are widespread in farms and are major pathogens involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). The aim of this experiment was to compare the pathogenicity of European avian-like swine H1N1 and European human-like reassortant swine H1N2... |
Dermatologic manifestations and complications of COVID-19 | The novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While much of the focus has been on the cardiac and pulmonary complications, there are several important dermatologic components that clinicians must be aware of. OBJECTIVE: This brief report summarizes the dermatol... |
Quantification of human bocavirus in lower respiratory tract infections in China | A quantitative PCR method was established to quantify human bocavirus (HBoV) genomic copies in clinical specimens from children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in China. A total of 257 respiratory tract specimens were tested, and 7 (2.7%) of these (all sputum samples) were positive, with genomic copies t... |
Chapter 5 Political and Administrative Systems | China’s political and administrative systems are mysteries to many Westerners. At one level, China is a one-party state that has been ruled by the Chinese Communist Party since 1949. In the late 1950s, the same authoritarian regime was waging a massive campaign under the name of the ‘Great Leap Forward’, which resulted... |
COVID‐19 will accelerate the decline in international student enrollment | ‘Dates of destiny are always on time.’ — Anonymous ‘I hate quotations. Tell me what you know.’ — Ralph Waldo Emerson |
Zero Transmission of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome: Lessons Learned From Thailand | New emerging pathogens can quickly become a global health threat in this era. A number of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks have been linked to healthcare facilities. The healthcare-associated transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has been attributed to overcrowding, de... |
Detection of collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 3 in colorectal cancer | BACKGROUND: Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing-1 (CTHRC1) and Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 3 (NFE2L3) may be useful biomarker candidates for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) since they have shown an increase messenger RNA transcripts (mRNA) expression level in adenomas and colorectal tumours w... |
Storm, typhoon, cyclone or hurricane in patients with COVID-19? Beware of the same storm that has a different origin | Some of the articles being published during the severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 pandemic highlight a link between severe forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the so-called cytokine storm, also with increased ferritin levels. However, this scenario is more complex than initially th... |
Bluetongue Serotype 3 in Israel 2013–2018: Clinical Manifestations of the Disease and Molecular Characterization of Israeli Strains | In this paper, the results of the diagnostic activities on Bluetongue virus serotype 3 (BTV-3) conducted at Kimron Veterinary Institute (Beit Dagan, Israel) between 2013 and 2018 are reported. Bluetongue virus is the causative agent of bluetongue (BT), a disease of ruminants, mostly transmitted by competent Culicoides ... |
Th17 serum cytokines in relation to laboratory‐confirmed respiratory viral infection: A pilot study | BACKGROUND: Th17 cytokines are associated with modulation of inflammation and may be beneficial in clearing influenza infection in experimental models. The Th17 cytokine profile was evaluated in a pilot study of respiratory virus infections. METHODS: Consecutive patients with symptoms of respiratory tract infection vis... |
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia | Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia is a rare, distinct disorder that is sufficiently different from the other diseases in the group of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias to be designated as a separate entity. In its most typical presentation, it is characterized by dyspnea and cough, with multiple patchy alveolar opaciti... |
COVID19 - moving forward | |
Non‐parametric estimation of the case fatality ratio with competing risks data: an application to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) | For diseases with some level of associated mortality, the case fatality ratio measures the proportion of diseased individuals who die from the disease. In principle, it is straightforward to estimate this quantity from individual follow‐up data that provides times from onset to death or recovery. In particular, in a co... |
Short-term PsychoEducation for Carers To Reduce Over Medication of people with intellectual disabilities (SPECTROM): study protocol | INTRODUCTION: Psychotropic medications that are primarily licenced for the treatment of psychiatric disorders are used widely (32%–85%) among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) often for the management of problem (challenging) behaviour in the absence of a psychiatric disorder. Care staff play a pivotal role in... |
Competitive Pricing of Substitute Products under Supply Disruption | There has been an increased interest in optimizing pricing and sourcing decisions under supplier competition with supply disruptions. In this paper, we conduct an analytical game-theoretical study to examine the effects of supply capacity disruption timing on pricing decisions for substitute products in a two-supplier ... |
G-quadruplex-interacting compounds alter latent DNA replication and episomal persistence of KSHV | Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) establishes life-long latent infection by persisting as an extra-chromosomal episome in the infected cells and by maintaining its genome in dividing cells. KSHV achieves this by tethering its epigenome to the host chromosome by latency associated nuclear antigen (LANA), wh... |
I08 Development of transfusion medicine in Europe A challenge for physicians, scientists and politicians | |
Sequential biogenesis of host cell membrane rearrangements induced by hepatitis C virus infection | Like most positive-strand RNA viruses, hepatitis C virus (HCV) forms a membrane-associated replication complex consisting of replicating RNA, viral and host proteins anchored to altered cell membranes. We used a combination of qualitative and quantitative electron microscopy (EM), immuno-EM, and the 3D reconstruction o... |
Introduction of Asian canine parvovirus in Europe through dog importation | Canine parvovirus (CPV) is an important infectious agent of domestic and wild carnivores, responsible for severe and often fatal haemorrhagic gastroenteritis and leukopenia. This paper reports the genomic characterization of a CPV strain collected from a dog recently imported to Italy from Thailand. The virus was detec... |
Stay Strong: Aboriginal leaders deliver COVID‐19 health messages | COVID-19 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has constituted a pandemic unparalleled in modern history. The spread, case numbers, and socioeconomic consequences have resulted in pandemic control measures attempting to "flatten the curve". Australia recorded its first case of COVID-19 ... |
Intravenous infusion of human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells as a potential treatment for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia | The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has grown to be a global public health emergency since patients were first detected in Wuhan, China. Thus far, no specific drugs or vaccines are available to cure the patients with COVID-19 infection. The immune system and inflammation are proposed to play a central role in... |
Interpretation of the 7th edition of the “diagnosis and treatment guidelines of coronavirus disease 2019 in China”: Progress and challenges | |
Feature Selection Methods for Identifying Genetic Determinants of Host Species in RNA Viruses | Despite environmental, social and ecological dependencies, emergence of zoonotic viruses in human populations is clearly also affected by genetic factors which determine cross-species transmission potential. RNA viruses pose an interesting case study given their mutation rates are orders of magnitude higher than any ot... |
Twelve Essentials of Science-based Policy | This article presents a systematic framework of 12 essentials, or basic elements, of science-based policy. The 12 essentials are grouped into three categories, or areas, as follows: 1) knowledge generation, which includes credible design, accurate data, sound analysis, and comprehensive synthesis; 2) knowledge exchange... |
Molecular detection of human rhinoviruses in respiratory samples: a comparison of Taqman probe-, SYBR green I- and BOXTO-based real-time PCR assays | BACKGROUND: Human Rhinoviruses (HRV) are major causative agents of acute respiratory tract infections in all age group and important contributing factors of childhood morbidity and mortality. Clinical presentation is poorly specific and the great antigenic and genetic variability of HRVs renders the biological diagnosi... |
Intersecting U.S. Epidemics: COVID-19 and Lack of Health Insurance | The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented surge in unemployment in the United States. For many, job loss carries the added sting of losing health insurance. The authors discuss the problem of lack of health insurance during a time of risk for severe illness and offer potential solutions that policymakers should... |
The psychological impact of COVID-19 on the mental health in the general population | As a result of the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the Chinese city of Wuhan, a situation of socio-economic crisis and profound psychological distress rapidly occurred worldwide. Various psychological problems ... |
COVID‐19: Emerging compassion, courage and resilience in the face of misinformation and adversity | |
The Impact of COVID-19 Partial Lockdown on Primary Pollutant Concentrations in the Atmosphere of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Megacities (Brazil) | As COVID-19 spread all over the world, most of the countries adopted some kind of restrictions to avoid the collapse of health systems. In Brazil, São Paulo and Rio the Janeiro, the two most populated cities in the country, were the first to determine social distancing. In this study, the impact of the social distancin... |
Uso de ribavirina en virus distintos de la hepatitis C. Una revisión de la evidencia | Ribavirin is a molecule with antiviral activity against different viruses. In clinical practice, it has made its niche almost exclusively for the treatment of the hepatitis C virus. However, there are other diseases in which it could be of benefit and it has the advantage of being suitable for oral, intravenous and inh... |
Virus detection and identification using random multiplex (RT)-PCR with 3'-locked random primers | BACKGROUND: PCR-based detection and identification of viruses assumes a known, relatively stable genome. Unfortunately, high mutation rates may lead to extensive changes in viral nucleic acid sequences making dedicated PCR primer use problematic. Furthermore, in bioterrorism, viral consensus sequences can be geneticall... |
Warned, but Not Well Armed: Preventing Viral Upper Respiratory Infections in Households | ABSTRACT The purpose of this state‐of‐the‐science review was to identify strategies and household‐level interventions for public health nurses to help prevent the acquisition and spread of viral upper respiratory infections (URI) in the community. Even though viral URI are a major global economic and social problem, su... |
Elevated thrombopoietin and platelet indices confirm active thrombopoiesis but fail to predict clinical severity of puumala hantavirus infection | We evaluated the mechanisms of thrombocytopenia and procoagulant changes in relation with clinical variables in a cohort of patients with acute hantavirus disease. Blood samples of 33 prospectively recruited, consecutive, hospitalized patients with acute Puumala virus–induced hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS... |
Hemorrhagic encephalopathy associated with COVID-19 | The mechanisms for neurological complications of COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), are not yet well understood. We present a critically ill man with a COVID-19-associated hemorrhagic encephalopathy. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ... |
Socioeconomical Transformation and Mental Health Impact by the COVID-19's ultimate VUCA Era: Toward the New Normal, the New Japan, and the New World | |
Mutant p53 as an Antigen in Cancer Immunotherapy | The p53 tumor suppressor plays a pivotal role in cancer and infectious disease. Many oncology treatments are now calling on immunotherapy approaches, and scores of studies have investigated the role of p53 antibodies in cancer diagnosis and therapy. This review summarizes the current knowledge from the preliminary evid... |
Repurposing approved drugs as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein from molecular modeling and virtual screening | Herein, molecular modeling techniques were used with the main goal to obtain candidates from a drug database as potential targets to be used against SARS-CoV-2. This novel coronavirus, responsible by the COVID-19 outbreak since the end of 2019, became a challenge since there is not vaccine for this disease. The first s... |
Impact of air pollution on educational attainment for respiratory health treated students: A cross sectional data linkage study | INTRODUCTION: There is some evidence that exam results are worse when students are acutely exposed to air pollution. Studies investigating the association between air pollution and academic attainment have been constrained by small sample sizes. METHODS: Cross sectional educational attainment data (2009–2015) from stud... |
Enterovirus 71 Induces Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Generation That is Required for Efficient Replication | Redox homeostasis is an important host factor determining the outcome of infectious disease. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection has become an important endemic disease in Southeast Asia and China. We have previously shown that oxidative stress promotes viral replication, and progeny virus induces oxidative stress in host ... |
SARS: responding to an unknown virus | The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an emerging infection caused by a novel coronavirus which first appeared in southern China at the end of 2002. In early 2003, through a single incident, it spread to Hong Kong, Singapore, Canada and Vietnam. For busy clinicians in large public hospitals, the response to t... |
Experience of Using Simulation Technology and Analytics During the Ebola Crisis to Empower Frontline Health Workers and Improve the Integrity of Public Health Systems | Abstract The Ebola outbreak highlighted the challenge of health security and particularly of how best to give frontline workers the knowledge, confidence and competence to respond effectively. The goal was to develop a tool to improve infection prevention and control through local capacity building within the context o... |
Is the European Union going to help us overcome the COVID-19 crisis? | |
The long journey inside immigration detention centres in the USA | |
Genetic characterization of the first chiropteran papillomavirus, isolated from a basosquamous carcinoma in an Egyptian fruit bat: The Rousettus aegyptiacus papillomavirus type 1 | Abstract The complete genomic DNA of a novel papillomavirus (PV) was isolated from a basosquamous carcinoma on the wing of an Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus). Initial short sequences of the E1 and L1 genes of this virus were retrieved by PCR with degenerate papillomavirus-specific primers, and the entire R. ... |
Case report: caring for suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients | |
COVID-19 pandemic and mental health: Surgeons role in re-engaging patients | |
Role of corticosteroid in the management of COVID-19: A systemic review and a Clinician’s perspective | BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Interest in corticosteroid therapy in COVID-19 has been rekindled after the results from Randomized Evaluation of COVid-19 thERapY (RECOVERY) Trial. However, the World health Organization has not recommended corticosteroid in the treatment of COVID-19. We sought to conduct a systematic review on th... |
Delivering pediatric oncology services during a COVID‐19 pandemic in India | |
Intra-host Ebola viral adaption during human infection | The onsite next generation sequencing (NGS) of Ebola virus (EBOV) genomes during the 2013–2016 Ebola epidemic in Western Africa provides an opportunity to trace the origin, transmission, and evolution of this virus. Herein, we have diagnosed a cohort of EBOV patients in Sierra Leone in 2015, during the late phase of th... |
Designing a novel mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: An immunoinformatics approach | SARS-CoV-2 is the deadly virus behind COVID-19, the disease that went on to ravage the world and caused the biggest pandemic 21st century has witnessed so far. On the face of ongoing death and destruction, the urgent need for the discovery of a vaccine against the virus is paramount. This study resorted to the emerging... |
Efficacy of prednisolone in children hospitalized for recurrent wheezing | Data on the efficacy of corticosteroids on respiratory picornavirus‐induced wheezing are limited. To determine whether prednisolone is effective in rhinovirus‐ or enterovirus‐induced recurrent wheezing, we conducted a controlled trial comparing oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg/day in three divided doses for 3 days) with plac... |
Characterization of Human Metapneumoviruses Isolated from Patients in North America | Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) was recently identified in The Netherlands and was linked to acute respiratory tract illness. In this study, 11 isolates from 10 patients with respiratory disease from Quebec, Canada, were tested by a reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction based on the fusion protein gene. Identifi... |
Study on the interaction mechanism between DNA and the main active components in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi | Abstract Binding of baicalein, wogonin and baicalin to fish sperm DNA was studied by using ethidium bromide dye as a fluorescence probe. To study the binding mechanism, the absorption, fluorescence, melting temperature and viscosity measurement were carried out. The experimental results indicated that the planar of fla... |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis pili (MTP), a putative biomarker for a tuberculosis diagnostic test | Summary Novel biomarkers are urgently needed for point of care TB diagnostics. In this study, we investigated the potential of the pilin subunit protein encoded by the mtp gene as a diagnostic biomarker. BLAST analysis of the mtp gene on published genome databases, and amplicon sequencing were performed in Mycobacteriu... |
Letter to the editor. Concerning the Article Entitled ‘‘Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report” | |
Diagnostic considerations for COVID-19 in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation | SARS-CoV-2 in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients is associated with severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and higher mortality. SARS-CoV-2 infection is definitively diagnosed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) typically using nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs, and less commo... |
Spread, Circulation, and Evolution of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus | The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first documented in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in 2012 and, to date, has been identified in 180 cases with 43% mortality. In this study, we have determined the MERS-CoV evolutionary rate, documented genetic variants of the virus and their distributi... |
Hypothesis for potential pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection–a review of immune changes in patients with viral pneumonia | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with droplets and contact as the main means of transmission. Since the first case appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the outbreak has gradually spread nationwide. Up to now, accor... |
Rapid generation of neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19 patients | SARS-CoV-2 is currently causing a devastating pandemic and there is a pressing need to understand the dynamics, specificity, and neutralizing potency of the humoral immune response during acute infection. Herein, we report the dynamics of antibody responses to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein and ... |
Virus demyelination | A number of viruses can initiate central nervous system (CNS) diseases that include demyelination as a major feature of neuropathology. In humans, the most prominent demyelinating diseases are progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, caused by JC papovirus destruction of oligodendrocytes, and subacute sclerosing pan... |
Child pneumonia – focus on the Western Pacific Region | Summary Worldwide, pneumonia is the leading cause of death in infants and young children (aged <5 years). We provide an overview of the global pneumonia disease burden, as well as the aetiology and management practices in different parts of the world, with a specific focus on the WHO Western Pacific Region. In 2011, th... |
Thromboelastometry and D-dimer elevation in COVID-19 | |
Regional health governance: A suggested agenda for Southern African health diplomacy | Regional organisations can effectively promote regional health diplomacy and governance through engagement with regional social policy. Regional bodies make decisions about health challenges in the region, for example, the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and the World Health Organisation South East Asia Region... |
Protecting dental manpower from COVID‐19 infection | World Health Organization declared on 11 March, COVID 19 as a pandemic infection that has spread rapidly across the globe. Covid-19 currently has no known treatment or a vaccine. Oral health professionals are at risk of developing COVID 19 infection as they come into close contact with patients and accompanying relativ... |
Bats as ‘special’ reservoirs for emerging zoonotic pathogens | The ongoing West African Ebola epidemic highlights a recurring trend in the zoonotic emergence of virulent pathogens likely to come from bat reservoirs that has caused epidemiologists to ask ‘Are bats special reservoirs for emerging zoonotic pathogens?’ We collate evidence from the past decade to delineate mitochondria... |
Tackling COVID‐19 infection through complement‐targeted immunotherapy | The complement system is an ancient part of innate immunity sensing highly pathogenic coronaviruses by mannan‐binding lectin (MBL) resulting in lectin pathway activation and subsequent generation of the anaphylatoxins (AT) C3a and C5a as important effector molecules. Complement deposition on endothelial cells and high ... |
Current status of potential therapeutic candidates for the COVID-19 crisis | Abstract As of April 15, 2020, the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic has swept through 213 countries and infected more than 1,870,000 individuals, posing an unprecedented threat to international health and the economy. There is currently no specific treatment available for patients with COVID-19 in... |
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