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Safe management of surgical smoke in the age of COVID‐19 | BACKGROUND: The COVID‐19 global pandemic has resulted in a plethora of guidance and opinion from surgical societies. A controversial area concerns the safety of surgically created smoke and the perceived potential higher risk in laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: The limited published evidence was analysed in combination w... |
Using Telemedicine and Infographics for Physician-Guided Home Drain Removal | OBJECTIVE: Measures to decrease hospital length of stay and outpatient visits are crucial during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Physician-guided home drain removal presents a potential opportunity for mitigating viral spread and transmission. METHODS: A prospective case series on patients undergoing ... |
COVID-19 for the Cardiologist: A Current Review of the Virology, Clinical Epidemiology, Cardiac and Other Clinical Manifestations and Potential Therapeutic Strategies | Summary The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), has reached pandemic status. As it spreads across the world, it has overwhelmed healthcare systems, strangled the global economy and led to a devastating loss of life. Widespread ... |
Successful treatment of feline leishmaniosis using a combination of allopurinol and N-methyl-glucamine antimoniate | CASE SUMMARY: This work describes the diagnosis and successful treatment of a 2-year-old domestic cat infected with Leishmania species and presenting fever, and ulcerative and nodular skin lesions after being treated for pyodermatitis for 1 year without clinical improvement. After anamnesis the cat was submitted to a c... |
Practice recommendations for the neurovascular ultrasound investigations of acute stroke patients in the setting of COVID‐19 pandemic: an expert consensus from the European Society of Neurosonology and Cerebral Hemodynamics | Since the COVID‐19 pandemic stormed into the healthcare systems worldwide, protected stroke pathways have been suggested, in order not to spread the viral infection and ensure hyper‐acute treatment. Noteworthy, patients with acute ischemic stroke are at high‐risk for contracting SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, particularly the sever... |
Étiologies virales des infections respiratoires basses chez des patients adultes hospitalisés dans un service de pneumologie à Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire | INTRODUCTION: La pneumonie est une cause majeure de morbidité et une cause importante de mortalité dans le monde [1]. Les étiologies sont dominées par les causes infectieuses, parmi lesquelles les bactéries et les virus occupent une place importante. Les virus sont responsables de la forme la plus grave de l’infection ... |
Tissue tropism and transmission ecology predict virulence of human RNA viruses | Novel infectious diseases continue to emerge within human populations. Predictive studies have begun to identify pathogen traits associated with emergence. However, emerging pathogens vary widely in virulence, a key determinant of their ultimate risk to public health. Here, we use structured literature searches to revi... |
Developing Novel G-Quadruplex Ligands: From Interaction with Nucleic Acids to Interfering with Nucleic Acid–Protein Interaction | G-quadruplex is a special secondary structure of nucleic acids in guanine-rich sequences of genome. G-quadruplexes have been proved to be involved in the regulation of replication, DNA damage repair, and transcription and translation of oncogenes or other cancer-related genes. Therefore, targeting G-quadruplexes has be... |
Analysis of Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Neonates Born to Mothers with 2019-nCoV; a Systematic Review | INTRODUCTION: The emergence and fast spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) threatens the world as a new public health crisis. This study aimed to clarify the impact of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on pregnant patients and maternal and neonatal outcomes. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was cond... |
Extremely Severe Case of COVID-19 Pneumonia Recovered Despite Bad Prognostic Indicators: a Didactic Report | COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Starting from Wuhan (China) where it was firstly reported, it rapidly spread to the rest of the world, causing a pandemic with more than 300,000 deaths to date. We report an extremely severe case ... |
A novel full-length isoform of murine pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 16 (psg16) is expressed in the brain but does not mediate murine coronavirus (MHV) entry | The mouse pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 16 (PSG16) has been reported to be an alternative receptor for mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), some strains of which cause encephalitis in mice lacking the canonical receptor CEACAM1a. The known isoforms of PSG16 are N-terminally truncated relative to other PSG family proteins and... |
Cancer, COVID-19 and the precautionary principle: prioritizing treatment during a global pandemic | During the COVID-19 global pandemic, the cancer community faces many difficult questions. We will first discuss safety considerations for patients with cancer requiring treatment in SARS-CoV-2 endemic areas. We will then discuss a general framework for prioritizing cancer care, emphasizing the precautionary principle i... |
Changes in blood coagulation in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): a meta‐analysis | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is widely spread and poses a critical threat to global health (Zhang et al). Prominent changes in coagulation function in severe patients of COVID-19 have been reported in a recent study (Han, et al 2020). Therefore, we conducted this quantitative meta-analysis to explore the differe... |
Microbiota in viral infection and disease in humans and farm animals | Abstract The influence of the microbiota on viral infection susceptibility and disease outcome is undisputable although varies among viruses. The purpose of understanding the interactions between microbiota, virus, and host is to identify practical, effective, and safe approaches that target microbiota for the preventi... |
Not all cows are epidemiologically equal: quantifying the risks of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) transmission through cattle movements | Many economically important cattle diseases spread between herds through livestock movements. Traditionally, most transmission models have assumed that all purchased cattle carry the same risk of generating outbreaks in the destination herd. Using data on bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in Scotland as a case exampl... |
Persistence of Physical Symptoms in and Abnormal Laboratory Findings for Survivors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome | |
Reasoning within expressive fuzzy rough description logics | Abstract It is generally accepted that the management of imprecision and vagueness will yield more intelligent and realistic knowledge-based applications. Description Logics (DLs) are suitable, well-known logics for managing structured knowledge that have gained considerable attention the last decade. The current resea... |
A unique role in global nephrology The International Society of Nephrology 2011-2020 | |
Transforming laparoendoscopic surgical protocols during COVID-19 pandemic; big data analytics, resource allocation and operational considerations; a review article | The current dreadful pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is playing havoc with humanity, socio-communal systems and economic reservoirs worldwide. Certain countries have managed to curtail COVID-19 crisis to some extent, however, a great majority still remains helpless in containing this outbreak. Rapidly evolvi... |
Data resource profile: Household Influenza Vaccine Evaluation (HIVE) Study | |
Cytoplasmic domains of cellular and viral integral membrane proteins substitute for the cytoplasmic domain of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein in transport to the plasma membrane | Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis was used to construct chimeric cDNAs that encode the extracellular and transmembrane domains of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (G) linked to the cytoplasmic domain of either the immunoglobulin mu membrane heavy chain, the hemagglutinin glycoprotein of influenza virus, o... |
Infectious Diseases and Agriculture | Synopsis • Agriculture has huge impacts on human health, both positive and negative • Agriculture has not been oriented to achieving health outcomes • The livestock sector creates a disproportionate share of risks and benefits • Health problems related to farming and food require solutions that include these sectors |
Ideas for how informaticians can get involved with COVID-19 research | The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on population health and wellbeing. Biomedical informatics is central to COVID-19 research efforts and for the delivery of healthcare for COVID-19 patients. Critical to this effort is the participation of informaticians who typically work on ... |
An investigation into the identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease using molecular docking study | A new strain of a novel infectious disease affecting millions of people, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Currently, several clinical trials are underway to identify specific drugs for the treatment of... |
Luteolin suppresses inflammation-associated gene expression by blocking NF-κB and AP-1 activation pathway in mouse alveolar macrophages | Abstract Luteolin, a plant flavonoid, has potent anti-inflammatory properties both in vitro and in vivo. However, the molecular mechanism of luteolin-mediated immune modulation has not been fully understood. In this study, we examined the effects of luteolin on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (... |
Preparation and characterization of a single-domain antibody specific for the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein | Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a diarrheal disease of swine caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). It is characterized by acute watery diarrhea, dehydration and vomiting in swine of all ages and is especially fatal for neonatal and postweaning piglets. The spike protein of PEDV plays an important role in... |
Evaluation of local and systemic immune responses in pigs experimentally challenged with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus | The host-associated defence system responsible for the clearance of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) from infected pigs is currently poorly understood. To better understand the dynamics of host–pathogen interactions, seventy-five of 100 pigs infected with PRRSV-JA142 and 25 control pigs were ... |
Neurological Issues in COVID-19, Summarized in Verse | |
Viral Diversity of Microbats within the South West Botanical Province of Western Australia | Bats are known reservoirs of a wide variety of viruses that rarely result in overt clinical disease in the bat host. However, anthropogenic influences on the landscape and climate can change species assemblages and interactions, as well as undermine host-resilience. The cumulative result is a disturbance of bat–pathoge... |
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI): results from the Egyptian surveillance study 2010–2014 | BACKGROUND: Respiratory viral and atypical bacterial infections data in Egyptian patients are sparse. This study describes the clinical features and outcomes of patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in hospitalized patients in Egypt. METHODS: SARI surveillance was implemented at Cairo University Hosp... |
Function of the RNA Coliphage Qβ Proteins in Medical In Vitro Evolution | Qβ is a positive (+) single-stranded RNA bacteriophage covered by a 25 nm icosahedral shell. Qβ belongs to the family of Leviviridae and is found throughout the world (bacterial isolates and sewage). The genome of Qβ is about 4.2 kb, coding for four proteins. This genome is surrounded by 180 copies of coat proteins (ca... |
Analysis of an improved workflow of endoscope reprocessing for bedside endoscopic diagnosis and treatment on COVID-19 patients | Severe cases infected with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), named by the World Health Organization (WHO) on Feb. 11, 2020, tend to present a hypercatabolic state because of severe systemic consumption, and are susceptible to stress ulcers and even life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic diagnosis... |
An enhanced isothermal amplification assay for viral detection | Rapid, inexpensive, robust diagnostics are essential to control the spread of infectious diseases. Current state of the art diagnostics are highly sensitive and specific, but slow, and require expensive equipment. We developed a molecular diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2, FIND (Fast Isothermal Nucleic acid Detection), ba... |
Antiviral activity and possible mode of action of ellagic acid identified in Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves toward human rhinoviruses | BACKGROUND: Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are responsible for more than half of all cases of the common cold and cause billions of USD annually in medical visits and school and work absenteeism. An assessment was made of the cytotoxic and antiviral activities and possible mode of action of the tannin ellagic acid from the ... |
Covid‐19 in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients: Reflecting on a Single Centre Experience | Covid‐19 disease is caused by a novel SARS‐CoV‐2 virus and has been declared a pandemic on the 9(th) of March by WHO. Hallmark of COVID‐19 management is supportive care and there is still no convincing evidence on a treatment which will reduce mortality. Severe COVID‐19 associated sepsis characterized by acute respirat... |
Identification of SARS-like coronaviruses in horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus hipposideros) in Slovenia | Bats have been identified as a natural reservoir for an increasing number of emerging zoonotic viruses, such as Hendra virus, Nipah virus, Ebola virus, Marburg virus, rabies and other lyssaviruses. Recently, a large number of viruses closely related to members of the genus Coronavirus have been associated with severe a... |
Reply to “COVID-19 in persons with haematological cancers”: a focus on myeloid neoplasms and risk factors for mortality | |
Old drugs as lead compounds for a new disease? Binding analysis of SARS coronavirus main proteinase with HIV, psychotic and parasite drugs | Abstract The SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) main proteinase is a key enzyme in viral polyprotein processing. To allow structure-based design of drugs directed at SARS-CoV main proteinase, we predicted its binding pockets and affinities with existing HIV, psychotic and parasite drugs (lopinavir, ritonavir, niclo... |
Chapter 4 Diagnosis and Methods | Abstract A number of methodologies are currently available for viral diagnosis and basic research, ranging from immunological methods, such as ELISA, to molecular methods, such as PCR-based diagnosis. Other immunological methods include immunofluorescence assay and immunoblot. In addition, some classical methods, such ... |
Challenge infection model for MERS-CoV based on naturally infected camels | BACKGROUND: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging virus that infects humans and camels with no approved antiviral therapy or vaccine. Some vaccines are in development for camels as a one-health intervention where vaccinating camels is proposed to reduce human viral exposure. This interv... |
Prevalence of Respiratory Viral Infections in Korean Adult Asthmatics With Acute Exacerbations: Comparison With Those With Stable State | PURPOSE: Viral infections are involved in ~50% of exacerbations among Caucasian adult asthmatics. However, there have been few reports on the causative virus of exacerbations in Korean adult asthmatics. Thus, we compared frequencies and types of viruses between lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRTIs) with exacerbatio... |
Which Threats to Global Health Pose a Problem for Turkey’s Health? | |
Efficient hepatic delivery and protein expression enabled by optimized mRNA and ionizable lipid nanoparticle | mRNA is a novel class of therapeutic modality that holds great promise in vaccination, protein replacement therapy, cancer immunotherapy, immune cell engineering etc. However, optimization of mRNA molecules and efficient in vivo delivery are quite important but challenging for its broad application. Here we present an ... |
Thoracic Surgical Oncology –Maintaining a High-Volume Surgical Program during the Covid-19 Pandemic | Abstract Thoracic surgical oncology is a time sensitive, high resource, complex surgical speciality to which Coronavirus has posed a unique challenge. In response to the evolving situation in mainland Europe, our department rapidly established a Covid-free site to maintain elective cancer surgery. This necessitated a s... |
Host range of SARS-CoV-2 and implications for public health | |
Advising the traveller | Abstract Global travel continues to increase, particularly to tropical destinations that have different health risks from those encountered closer to home. Currently, over a billion people travel annually, with over 65 million visits made from the UK. Seeking pre-travel advice should be an essential part of any trip fo... |
Dengue Virus and Autophagy | Several independent groups have published that autophagy is required for optimal RNA replication of dengue virus (DENV). Initially, it was postulated that autophagosomes might play a structural role in replication complex formation. However, cryo-EM tomography of DENV replication complexes showed that DENV replicates o... |
A Keynesian antitrust response to the COVID-19 crisis | |
Design of multi epitope-based peptide vaccine against E protein of human COVID-19: An immunoinformatics approach | Background New endemic disease has been spread across Wuhan City, China on December 2019. Within few weeks, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a novel coronavirus designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In late January 2020, WHO declared the outbreak of a “public-health emergency of international ... |
Viral Vaccines and Antiviral Therapy | Abstract In this article the authors review the important viral infections affecting humans, and how they are prevented by vaccines and controlled by antiviral drugs. The different types of drugs and vaccines are listed and their mechanisms of action are discussed. For drugs, these include toxicity and viral resistance... |
Lineage specific antigenic differences in porcine torovirus hemagglutinin-esterase (PToV-HE) protein | Hemagglutinin-esterases (HE) are viral envelope proteins present in some members from the toro-, corona- and orthomyxovirus families, all related with enteric and/or respiratory tract infections. HE proteins mediate reversible binding to sialic acid receptor determinants, very abundant glycan residues in the enteric an... |
Part II Value and Influencing Factors of the Cooperation, Convergence, and Harmonization in the Pharmaceutical Sector | Abstract Cooperation and harmonisation of standards in the pharmaceutical domain is already a reality and, in fact, has been increasingly important in recent decades. This harmonisation seems natural and logical in the current environment of increased globalisation imposed by the current geo-economic-political situatio... |
Pandemic COVID-19: current status and challenges of antiviral therapies | Abstract The pandemic COVID-19, caused by a new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection, has infected over 6 million individuals and caused more than 364,000 death worldwide. Currently, there is no specific drug to treating this disease. Here we summarized the mechanisms of antiviral therapies and the clinic findings from dif... |
Lithium as a candidate treatment for COVID‐19: Promises and pitfalls | The pandemic of respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS‐nCoV‐2) is a global health crisis. Despite numerous preliminary results, there is as yet no treatment of proven efficacy for this condition. In this context, the pharmacological properties of lithium, better known as a treatment for mood disorders,... |
ISUOG Interim Guidance on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) during pregnancy and puerperium: information for healthcare professionals – an update | |
The Psychiatry Milestones 2.0: How Did We Get from 1.0 to 2.0 and What Can Users Expect? | |
How severe will the flu outbreak be? | Epidemiologists race to pin numbers on the global H1N1 spread. |
Modulation of metabolic functions through Cas13d-mediated gene knockdown in liver | |
Prosocial polio vaccination in Israel | Regions with insufficient vaccination have hindered worldwide poliomyelitis eradication, as they are vulnerable to sporadic outbreaks through reintroduction of the disease. Despite Israel’s having been declared polio-free in 1988, a routine sewage surveillance program detected polio in 2013. To curtail transmission, th... |
COVID-19 & PPE: Treatment and Prevention of Skin Conditions Related to the Occupational Use of Personal Protective Equipment | |
Quantifying the Risk and Cost of Active Monitoring for Infectious Diseases | During outbreaks of deadly emerging pathogens (e.g., Ebola, MERS-CoV) and bioterror threats (e.g., smallpox), actively monitoring potentially infected individuals aims to limit disease transmission and morbidity. Guidance issued by CDC on active monitoring was a cornerstone of its response to the West Africa Ebola outb... |
Decline of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and its complex evolutionary relationship with porcine respiratory coronavirus in the United States | The epidemiology and genetic diversity of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) in the United States (US) was investigated by testing clinical cases for TGEV by real time RT-PCR between January 2008 and November 2016. Prevalence of TGEV ranged between 3.8–6.8% and peaked during cold months until March 2013, in whi... |
A Comprehensive Review on Tocilizumab in COVID‐19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome | Currently, the world is facing the pandemic of a novel strain of beta‐coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most devastating complication of SARS‐CoV‐2. It was indicated that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and dominantly IL‐... |
Stresses and anxieties in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic — what we can learn | |
A hybrid model for investigating transient particle transport in enclosed environments | Abstract It is important to accurately model person-to-person particle transport in mechanical ventilation spaces to create and maintain a healthy indoor environment. The present study introduces a hybrid DES-Lagrangian and RANS-Eulerian model for simulating transient particle transport in enclosed environments; this h... |
Effects of colchicine on platelet aggregation in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel | Platelets aggregation leading to thrombosis plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and of stent thrombosis. Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin plus an ADP-receptor inhibitor (ticagrerol, prasugrel or clopidogrel) is recommended to reduce the risk of other platelet-mediated events. C... |
An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report | INTRODUCTION: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a common initial presentation leading to a diagnostic challenge. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 3-month history of moderate-to-high fever was reported in an otherwise healthy 54-year-old man. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans of his chest showed a remarkable progressive enlarge... |
Working Together to Meet the Needs of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | |
Non-COVID-19 emergencies: where have all the patients gone? | • Early in the pandemic, numbers of patients undergoing non-COVID-19 emergent CTs dropped sharply but diagnostic yield did not increase, suggesting potentially undiagnosed emergencies in patients not seen in healthcare institutions. |
One-health approach as counter-measure against “autoimmune” responses in biosecurity | Abstract This Swine flu pandemic of 2009 and the potential Avian flu threat of 2011–2012 have revived a most challenging debate on protection against infectious diseases. The response to the Swine flu pandemic has been ambivalent, both on the societal (political) and the scientific level. While some scientists warned a... |
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and FGF receptor expression in an experimental demyelinating disease with extensive remyelination | Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is an excellent candidate to regulate remyelination based on its proposed actions in oligodendrocyte lineage cell development in conjunction with its involvement in CNS regeneration. To assess the potential for FGF2 to play a role in remyelination, we examined the expression pattern of... |
Is targeting Akt a viable option to treat advanced-stage COVID-19 patients? | One of the primary reasons for high mortality in the advanced stage coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients is the uncontrolled inflammation in the lungs leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Controlling the pathological inflammation in the ARDS lungs without compromising the immune system's fight... |
The Value That Infectious Diseases Physicians Bring to the Healthcare System | While a career in infectious diseases (ID) has always been challenging and exciting, recognition of the value that ID physicians provide to the healthcare system as a whole, over and above the value they provide to individual patients, has been poor in this system. In response to this disparity, the Infectious Diseases... |
RSV‐induced bronchiolitis but not upper respiratory tract infection is accompanied by an increased nasal IL‐18 response | The aim of this study was to investigate potential differences in the local nasal immune response between bronchiolitis and upper respiratory tract infection induced by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Nasal brush samples were obtained from 14 infants with RSV bronchiolitis and from 8 infants with RSV upper respirato... |
Interdisciplinarity | Abstract Interdisciplinarity employs multiple academic fields of knowledge in order to create a comprehensive understanding of a globally relevant phenomenon, a region, or its people, and to find solutions to concrete problems. Interdisciplinarity evolved in the 20th century in response to the institutionalization and ... |
Modeling and analysis of epidemic spreading on community network with node's birth and death | Abstract In this paper, a modified susceptible infected susceptible (SIS) epidemic model is proposed on community structure networks considering birth and death of node. For the existence of node's death would change the topology of global network, the characteristic of network with death rate is discussed. Then we stu... |
Cancer management challenge in a developing country in COVID-19 pandemic: reflection of a group of Moroccan oncologists | Management of cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide challenge – in particular in developing countries where the risk of saturation of health facilities and intensive care beds must be minimized. The first case of COVID-19 was declared in Morocco on 2 March 2020, after which a panel of Moroccan exp... |
Exploring COVID-19 stress and its factors in Bangladesh: A perception-based study | BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has aggregated mental health sufferings throughout the entire world. Suicide completions are the extreme consequences of COVID-19 related psychological burdens, which was reported in many countries including Bangladesh. However, there are lack of study assessing COVID-19 related human ... |
Developments in Transduction, Connectivity and AI/Machine Learning for Point-of-Care Testing | We review some emerging trends in transduction, connectivity and data analytics for Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) of infectious and non-communicable diseases. The patient need for POCT is described along with developments in portable diagnostics, specifically in respect of Lab-on-chip and microfluidic systems. We descri... |
Survival functions for defining a clinical management Lost To Follow-Up (LTFU) cut-off in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) program in Zomba, Malawi | BACKGROUND: While, lost to follow-up (LTFU) from antiretroviral therapy (ART) can be considered a catch-all category for patients who miss scheduled visits or medication pick-ups, operational definitions and methods for defining LTFU vary making comparisons across programs challenging. Using weekly cut-offs, we sought ... |
Molecular Aspects of Co-morbidities in COVID-19 Infection | Coronaviruses are a group of enveloped viruses with single-stranded non-segmented positive-sense RNA genomes In December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 appeared in China for the first time and quickly spread throughout the world Although certain medications suggested for other afflictions tend to be potentially effective for curing ... |
Global health security: the wider lessons from the west African Ebola virus disease epidemic | The Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa was unprecedented in both its scale and impact. Out of this human calamity has come renewed attention to global health security—its definition, meaning, and the practical implications for programmes and policy. For example, how does a government begin to strengthen its co... |
STAT1 and pathogens, not a friendly relationship | Abstract STAT1 belongs to the STAT family of transcription factors, which comprises seven factors: STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5A, STAT5B and STAT6. STAT1 is a 91 kDa protein originally identified as the mediator of the cellular response to interferon (IFN) α, and thereafter found to be a major component of the cel... |
The Molecular Aspect of Antitumor Effects of Protease Inhibitor Nafamostat Mesylate and Its Role in Potential Clinical Applications | Nafamostat mesylate (NM), a synthetic serine protease inhibitor first placed on the market by Japan Tobacco in 1986, has been approved to treat inflammatory-related diseases, such as pancreatitis. Recently, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the promising effects of NM in inhibiting cancer progression. Al... |
Fusion core structure of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV): In search of potent SARS‐CoV entry inhibitors | Severe acute respiratory coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein fusion core consists of a six‐helix bundle with the three C‐terminal heptad repeat (HR2) helices packed against a central coiled‐coil of the other three N‐terminal heptad repeat (HR1) helices. Each of the three peripheral HR2 helices shows prominent... |
Treatment with novel RSV Ig RI-002 controls viral replication and reduces pulmonary damage in immunocompromised Sigmodon hispidus | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in several high health risk populations, including infants, elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with lower respiratory tract RSV infection can exceed 80%. It has been... |
Ventilator-associated pneumonia involving Aspergillus flavus in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from Argentina | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and rapidly spread around the world. Invasive aspergillosis has been reported as a complication of severe influenza pneumonia among intensive care patients. Similarities between COVID-19 and influe... |
Development and Validation of a Clinical Risk Score for Intensive Care Resource Utilization After Colon Cancer Surgery: a Practical Guide to the Selection of Patients During COVID-19 | BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a prediction model and clinical risk score for Intensive Care Resource Utilization after colon cancer surgery. METHODS: Adult (≥ 18 years old) patients from the 2012 to 2018 ACS-NSQIP colectomy-targeted database who underwent elective colon cancer surger... |
Inpatient Electronic Consultations (E-consults) in Allergy/Immunology | Abstract Background Electronic consultations (e-consults) are asynchronous clinician to clinician exchanges within the electronic health record (EHR). Objective We sought to demonstrate the utility of e-consults in allergy/immunology (A/I) inpatient consultations. Methods Inpatients ≥ 18 years of age for whom an A/I co... |
Diagnostic Techniques: Serological and Molecular Approaches | Virus laboratory diagnostics has an increasingly important role in modern patient care. Virological methods are needed to investigate the etiology of acute viral infection or the reactivation of a latent infection, as well as to follow virus load in antiviral treatments. Serological assays are also used for screening o... |
Diarreas agudas | Las diarreas agudas, 1,5 mil millones de casos al año en el mundo, representan la primera causa de mortalidad en el niño. En su mayoría podrían prevenirse con una prescripción adecuada, rehidratando intensamente durante las primeras horas a la vez que se vigila estrechamente la evolución del peso del niño y de la clíni... |
Performing dermoscopy in the COVID‐19 pandemic | |
BSACI guidelines for the management of allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis | This guidance for the management of patients with allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis has been prepared by the Standards of Care Committee (SOCC) of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (BSACI). The guideline is based on evidence as well as on expert opinion and is for use by both adult physicians and... |
Mechanistic and topological explanations in medicine: the case of medical genetics and network medicine | Medical explanations have often been thought on the model of biological ones and are frequently defined as mechanistic explanations of a biological dysfunction. In this paper, I argue that topological explanations, which have been described in ecology or in cognitive sciences, can also be found in medicine and I discus... |
Macroeconomic Effect of Infectious Disease Outbreaks | Abstract This article highlights the important macroeconomic effects of communicable disease outbreaks, focusing especially on evidence from computablegeneral equilibrium analyses. It illustrates how, in particular, labor supply and behavior change effects have been estimated using retrospective analysis and macroecono... |
Spread and Impact of COVID-19 in China: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Predictions From Transmission-Dynamic Models | Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and quickly spread throughout China and the rest of the world. Many mathematical models have been developed to understand and predict the infectiousness of COVID-19. We aim to summarize these models to inform efforts ... |
Synthetic long oligonucleotides to generate artificial templates for use as positive controls in molecular assays: drug resistance mutations in influenza virus as an example | BACKGROUND: Positive controls are an integral component of any sensitive molecular diagnostic tool, but this can be affected, if several mutations are being screened in a scenario of a pandemic or newly emerging disease where it can be difficult to acquire all the necessary positive controls from the host. This work de... |
Host range, host specificity and hypothesized host shift events among viruses of lower vertebrates | The successful replication of a viral agent in a host is a complex process that often leads to a species specificity of the virus and can make interspecies transmission difficult. Despite this difficulty, natural host switch seems to have been frequent among viruses of lower vertebrates, especially fish viruses, since ... |
Blood donation and the global COVID‐19 pandemic: areas for social science research | In the context of the global COVID‐19 pandemic, blood collection agencies (BCAs) around the world are operating under unprecedented conditions. As social scientists in donor research in Canada, Australia, and the Netherlands, we provide some early observations on donor and public responses to the pandemic and identify ... |
Risk Factors for Mortality and Respiratory Support in Elderly Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Korea | BACKGROUND: The mortality risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is higher in patients with older age, and many elderly patients are reported to require advanced respiratory support. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of 98 patients aged ≥ 65 years who were hospitalized with COVID-19 during a regional outbreak i... |
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