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Seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among health care workers in a large Spanish reference hospital | Health care workers (HCW) are a high-risk population to acquire SARS-CoV-2 infection from patients or other fellow HCW. This study aims at estimating the seroprevalence against SARS-CoV-2 in a random sample of HCW from a large hospital in Spain. Of the 578 participants recruited from 28 March to 9 April 2020, 54 (9.3%,... |
Interplay between Interferon-Mediated Innate Immunity and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus | Innate immunity is the first line of defense against viral infection, and in turn, viruses have evolved to evade host immune surveillance. As a result, viruses may persist in host and develop chronic infections. Type I interferons (IFN-α/β) are among the most potent antiviral cytokines triggered by viral infections. Po... |
Pediatric Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry: An Update and Review | Abstract Background In recent years, there has been an increasing burden of child and adolescent mental illness recognized in the United States, and the need for pediatric mental health care is growing. Pediatric consultation-liaison psychiatrists are increasingly playing a role in the management of medical and psychia... |
Tele-oncology in the COVID-19 era: The way forward? | Abstract COVID-19 has had a devastating impact on the care of cancer patients. Thus, tele-oncology has become a necessity to improve cancer care. Several organizations have issued guidelines for its use during COVID-19. Despite certain shortcomings, tele-oncology has great potential to help cancer patients during COVID... |
Retrospective Multicenter Study of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prophylaxis in Korean Children with Congenital Heart Diseases | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We conducted a review of current data on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis with palivizumab, in Korean children with congenital heart diseases (CHD). In 2009, the Korean guideline for RSV prophylaxis had established up to five shots monthly per RSV season, only for children <1 yea... |
Impact of fecal microbiota transplantation on chronic recurrent pouchitis in ulcerative colitis with ileo-anal anastomosis: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial | BACKGROUND: Almost 15% of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) will require a proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) as a result of fulminant colitis, dysplasia, cancer, or medical refractory diseases. Around 50% will experience pouchitis, an idiopathic inflammatory condition involving the ileal rese... |
Rapid and Effective Virucidal Activity of Povidone-Iodine Products Against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) | INTRODUCTION: Since the first case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection was reported in 2012, the virus has infected more than 1300 individuals in 26 countries, and caused more than 480 deaths. Human-to-human transmission requires close contact, and has typically occurred in the healthca... |
NS2 Protein of Hepatitis C Virus Interacts with Structural and Non-Structural Proteins towards Virus Assembly | Growing experimental evidence indicates that, in addition to the physical virion components, the non-structural proteins of hepatitis C virus (HCV) are intimately involved in orchestrating morphogenesis. Since it is dispensable for HCV RNA replication, the non-structural viral protein NS2 is suggested to play a central... |
Global Antimicrobial Stewardship with a Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries | Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health crisis. Antimicrobial Stewardship involves adopting systematic measures to optimize antimicrobial use, decrease unnecessary antimicrobial exposure and to decrease the emergence and spread of resistance. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face a dispropor... |
EST analysis reveals putative genes involved in glycyrrhizin biosynthesis | BACKGROUND: Glycyrrhiza uralensis is one of the most popular medicinal plants in the world and is also widely used in the flavoring of food and tobacco. Due to limited genomic and transcriptomic data, the biosynthetic pathway of glycyrrhizin, the major bioactive compound in G. uralensis, is currently unclear. Identific... |
Activation of P2X(7) Receptor by ATP Plays an Important Role in Regulating Inflammatory Responses during Acute Viral Infection | Acute viral infection causes damages to the host due to uncontrolled viral replication but even replication deficient viral vectors can induce systemic inflammatory responses. Indeed, overactive host innate immune responses to viral vectors have led to devastating consequences. Macrophages are important innate immune c... |
Multiple functions of DDX3 RNA helicase in gene regulation, tumorigenesis, and viral infection | The DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3 is a multifunctional protein involved in all aspects of RNA metabolism, including transcription, splicing, mRNA nuclear export, translation, RNA decay and ribosome biogenesis. In addition, DDX3 is also implicated in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, Wnt-β-catenin signaling, tumorigenesis,... |
Impact of BSE on the biotechnology industry — detection and risk assessment | This feature briefly looks at filtration technologies that are being developed by Pall Corp to reduce the potential risk of ‘Mad Cow Disease’ in biological products and drugs. It also provides details of proprietary technology that is designed to reduce prions from blood prior to a transfusion. |
Society–Space | Our conception of society–space determines the vantage point from which we critique and transform the social world; the subjects and processes we deem significant; and their relation to a social whole. This article treats four broad frameworks engaged by geographers, each providing distinct conceptual insights about so... |
Response of chiropractic organizations to the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive report | ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of this report is to describe actions by chiropractic entities during the early stages of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods Large entities that support chiropractic education or practice were invited to participate in this report. Leaders of various entities were e... |
Physiotherapy Care of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - A Brazilian Experience | Some patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) present with severe acute respiratory syndrome, which causes multiple organ dysfunction, besides dysfunction of the respiratory system, that requires invasive procedures. On the basis of the opinions of front-line experts and a review of the relevant literature on sever... |
Analysis of epidemic spreading process in multi-communities | Abstract In practice, an epidemic might be spreading among multi-communities; while the communities are usually intra-connected. In this manuscript, each community is modeled as a multiplex network (i.e., virtual layer and physical one). The connections inside certain community are referred as inter-contacts while the ... |
Coronavirus Reverse Genetics and Development of Vectors for Gene Expression | Knowledge of coronavirus replication, transcription, and virus-host interaction has been recently improved by engineering of coronavirus infectious cDNAs. With the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) genome the efficient (>40 μg per 10(6) cells) and stable (>20 passages) expression of the foreign genes has been ... |
Respiratory health, allergies, and the farm environment: design, methods and enrollment in the observational Wisconsin Infant Study Cohort (WISC): a research proposal | Epidemiologic and cross-sectional studies suggest that early life farming and animal exposures are associated with major health benefits, influencing immune development and modifying the subsequent risk of allergic diseases, including asthma. The Wisconsin Infant Study Cohort (WISC) study was established in central Wis... |
Study of Particle Dispersion on One Bed Hospital using Computational Fluid Dynamics | Abstract Increasing concerns about the spread of airborne disease in hospital such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), chickenpox, measles, tuberculosis and novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) have attracted public attention. A present study was carried out to look for the source of contamination (patient it... |
Mechanisms of virus‐induced asthma exacerbations: state‐of‐the‐art. A GA(2)LEN and InterAirways document | Viral infections of the respiratory tract are the most common precipitants of acute asthma exacerbations. Exacerbations are only poorly responsive to current asthma therapies and new approaches to therapy are needed. Viruses, most frequently human rhinoviruses (RV), infect the airway epithelium, generate local and syst... |
Next-Generation High-Throughput Functional Annotation of Microbial Genomes | Host infection by microbial pathogens cues global changes in microbial and host cell biology that facilitate microbial replication and disease. The complete maps of thousands of bacterial and viral genomes have recently been defined; however, the rate at which physiological or biochemical functions have been assigned t... |
An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in China during the outbreak of COVID-19 | OBJECTIVE: : The sudden outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a dramatic effect on the mental health of the public. In the present study, we demonstrated the psychological effects on children and adolescents associated with the epidemic . METHODS: : By using convenience sampling method, questionnaires... |
Fatal Community-acquired Pneumonia in Children Caused by Re-emergent Human Adenovirus 7d Associated with Higher Severity of Illness and Fatality Rate | Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are highly contagious pathogens causing acute respiratory disease (ARD), such as community-acquired pneumonia. HAdV-7d, a re-emergent genomic variant, has been recently reported in Asia and the United States after a several-decade absence. However, whether HAdV-7d is associated with higher se... |
Tim-3 finds its place in the cancer immunotherapy landscape | The blockade of immune checkpoint receptors has made great strides in the treatment of major cancers, including melanoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, renal, and lung cancer. However, the success rate of immune checkpoint blockade is still low and some cancers, such as microsatellite‐stable colorectal cancer, remain refractory ... |
Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-β1b Improves Outcome of MERS-CoV Infection in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Common Marmoset | Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe disease in human with an overall case-fatality rate of >35%. Effective antivirals are crucial for improving the clinical outcome of MERS. Although a number of repurposed drugs, convalescent-phase plasma, antiviral peptides, and neutralizing antibodie... |
PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS IN COVID-19 PATIENTS. A RETROSPECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY. | Psychotic symptoms have been related to other coronavirus infections. We conducted a single-centre retrospective and observational study to describe new-onset psychotic episodes in COVID-19 patients. Ten patients infected by the novel coronavirus with psychotic symptoms and no previous history of psychosis were identif... |
‘It’s far too complicated’: why fragmentation persists in global health | BACKGROUND: Despite many efforts to achieve better coordination, fragmentation is an enduring feature of the global health landscape that undermines the effectiveness of health programmes and threatens the attainment of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper we identify and describe the multipl... |
Erythema multiforme and Kawasaki disease associated with COVID‐19 infection in children | We read with interest the publications in the JEADV which reported dermatological manifestations associated with COVID‐19, such as pityriasis rosea, urticaria, rash, vascular signs, or chilblain‐like lesions. Herein, we report two life‐threatening cases of children presenting with fever and eruptions with mucous membra... |
Profile of international air passengers intercepted with illegal animal products in baggage at Guarulhos and Galeão airports in Brazil | Protection against biological material entering a country or region through airports is important because, through them, infectious agents can quickly reach exotic destinations and be disseminated. Illegal products of animal origin may contain hazardous infectious agents that can compromise animal and public health. Th... |
The COVID-19 Registry in Rhineland-Palatinate in the context of international registry activities documenting COVID-19 outcomes | |
Use of multiple laboratory tests including anti-factor Xa to optimally manage anticoagulation during ECMO | |
La transmission aérienne des agents infectieux | Résumé La transmission aérienne est l’une des différentes modalités de transmission des agents infectieux. Elle peut avoir lieu à partir d’une source environnementale, comme pour la légionellose. Dans des conditions particulières, elle peut avoir lieu à partir d’une source humaine. Pour un agent donné, la transmission ... |
Schmallenberg Virus Infection in Dogs, France, 2012 | |
On-site measurement of tracer gas transmission between horizontal adjacent flats in residential building and cross-infection risk assessment | Abstract Airborne transmission is a main spread mode of respiratory infectious diseases, whose frequent epidemic has brought serious social burden. Identifying possible routes of the airborne transmission and predicting the potential infection risk are meaningful for infectious disease control. In the present study, an... |
Remote Learning in the Time of COVID‐19 | With the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the U.S., medical schools across the nation have taken measures to protect the health and safety of their students. Notably, most schools have elected to suspend clinical experiences for medical students as the pandemic evolves. Many schools have demonstrated creativity and adaptability... |
H5N1 infection of the respiratory tract and beyond: a molecular pathology study | BACKGROUND: Human infection with avian influenza H5N1 is an emerging infectious disease characterised by respiratory symptoms and a high fatality rate. Previous studies have shown that the human infection with avian influenza H5N1 could also target organs apart from the lungs. METHODS: We studied post-mortem tissues of... |
The treatment and follow‐up of “recurrence” with discharged COVID‐19 patients: Data from Guizhou, China | We reported 20 cases of discharged COVID‐19 patients whose RT‐PCR test results showed “re‐positive”. After finding “re‐positive ”, these patients were admitted to hospital for the second time and were followed up until the end of May 2020. Methods: Record detailed treatment and follow‐up process, and collect relevant d... |
Development of a comprehensive infection control program for a short‐term shelter serving trafficked women | A shelter for trafficked women has unique infection control needs that require a comprehensive infection control plan, balancing the needs of infection prevention with respect for the vulnerable population served. Using a trauma‐informed model and evidence from infection control in other shelter settings, a group of se... |
Forecast Possible Risk for COVID-19 Epidemic Dissemination under Current Control Strategies in Japan | COVID-19 has globally spread to over 4 million people and the epidemic situation in Japan is very serious. The purpose of this research was to assess the risk of COVID-19 epidemic dissemination in Japan by estimating the current state of epidemic dissemination and providing some epidemic prevention and control recommen... |
Führen in stressigen Zeiten | Wie Studien regelmäßig belegen, sind Pflegende dem Risiko an psychischen Belastungen zu leiden besonders ausgesetzt. Im Rahmen der Corona-Pandemie sind diese Belastungen nun noch einmal deutlich erhöht. Am Universitätsklinikum Charité in Berlin hat deshalb eine Arbeitsgruppe Empfehlungen für Führungskräfte zur Reduktio... |
Court Operations during the COVID-19 Pandemic | This paper reviews the distinct nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and examines the resultant court responses and recommendations disseminated by various entities that support courts. Specifically, we contextualize the current environment the present pandemic has created by considering how it compares to the most-recent p... |
Ventilation non invasive et insuffisance respiratoire aiguë | |
Aminopeptidase N (CD13) as a target for cancer chemotherapy | The enzyme aminopeptidase N (APN, also known as CD13) is a Zn(2+) dependent membrane‐bound ectopeptidase that degrades preferentially proteins and peptides with a N‐terminal neutral amino acid. Aminopeptidase N has been associated with the growth of different human cancers and suggested as a suitable target for anti‐ca... |
SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in kidney transplant recipients: experience of the italian marche region | BACKGROUND: Infection related to Coronavirus‐19 (CoV‐2) is pandemic affecting more than 4 million people in 187 countries worldwide. By May, 10 2020 it caused more than 280.000 deaths all over the world. Preliminary data reported a high prevalence of CoV‐2 infection and mortality due to severe acute respiratory syndrom... |
Chapter 15 Nanotechnological applications for the control of pulmonary infections | Abstract Pulmonary infections are the major global problem. According to the global burden of disease study, lower respiratory infections were ranked third among the leading causes of death after ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Despite the availability of treatment options and diagnostic methods, t... |
Necessity of 45-day transesophageal echocardiography after the WATCHMAN procedure amid the COVID-19 pandemic | |
Towards treatment planning of COVID-19: Rationale and hypothesis for the use of multiple immunosuppressive agents: anti-antibodies, immunoglobulins, and corticosteroids | Abstract The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV2, can cause a potentially fatal disease, COVID-19, in humans. Here, we will provide an overview of therapeutic options for COVID-19. Plasma from patients recovered from COVID-19 that contains antibodies against SARS-CoV2 has shown promising results in patients with severe COVID-... |
Polyprenyl Immunostimulant Treatment of Cats with Presumptive Non-Effusive Feline Infectious Peritonitis In a Field Study | Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease with no clinically effective treatment. This field study evaluated treatment with Polyprenyl Immunostimulant (PI) in cats with the non-effusive form of FIP. Because immune suppression is a major component in the pathology of FIP, we hypothesized that treatment with... |
Application of recombinant severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein for the detection of SFTSV-specific human IgG and IgM antibodies by indirect ELISA | BACKGROUND: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging disease that was first reported in China in 2011. It is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV) which is a member of the Phlebovirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family. SFTSV has been classified as a BSL3 pathogen. There is a need to develop safe and affo... |
The Impact of Social Media on Panic During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iraqi Kurdistan: Online Questionnaire Study | BACKGROUND: In the first few months of 2020, information and news reports about the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were rapidly published and shared on social media and social networking sites. While the field of infodemiology has studied information patterns on the Web and in social media for at least 18 years, the CO... |
Pneumococcal co‐infection in Covid‐19 patients | We would like to report our experience of 2 patients co‐infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) and coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) in the United Kingdom. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
Chapter 3 Replication and Expression Strategies of Viruses | Summary Regardless of their genetic constitution, viral genomes are replicated, expressed, and assembled in association with living host cells. These entities do not undergo division, but rather generate new particles through the assembly of preformed components. Some viruses go further by modifying cellular metabolism... |
The use of facemasks may not lead to an increase in hand–face contact | Advocacy of the use of facemasks by the public as a measure against the spread of COVID‐19 is controversial, with some healthcare professionals arguing that the use of a face mask may increase the rate at which people touch their faces, due to readjusting the mask. We assessed the facial touching behaviour of bus passe... |
Intracellular Transport of the S Proteins of Coronaviruses | |
Intracellular Events and Cell Fate in Filovirus Infection | Marburg and Ebola viruses cause a severe hemorrhagic disease in humans with high fatality rates. Early target cells of filoviruses are monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The infection spreads to the liver, spleen and later other organs by blood and lymph flow. A hallmark of filovirus infection is the depletio... |
Genome-wide gene–environment interaction analysis for asbestos exposure in lung cancer susceptibility | Asbestos exposure is a known risk factor for lung cancer. Although recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified some novel loci for lung cancer risk, few addressed genome-wide gene–environment interactions. To determine gene–asbestos interactions in lung cancer risk, we conducted genome-wide gene–envi... |
Identifying SARS-CoV Membrane Protein Amino Acid Residues Linked to Virus-Like Particle Assembly | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) membrane (M) proteins are capable of self-assembly and release in the form of membrane-enveloped vesicles, and of forming virus-like particles (VLPs) when coexpressed with SARS-CoV nucleocapsid (N) protein. According to previous deletion analyses, M self-assembly... |
Urinary YKL-40 as a Candidate Biomarker for Febrile Urinary Tract Infection in Young Children | BACKGROUND: Given that YKL-40 is a known marker of inflammation, we sought to determine its association with urinary tract infection (UTI) in febrile children. METHODS: In total, 44 children aged 0 to 24 months with febrile UTI and 35 age- and sex-matched controls with fever from other causes were enrolled in the study... |
Design, Synthesis, and the Biological Evaluation of a New Series of Acyclic 1,2,3‐Triazole Nucleosides | A new strategy for the synthesis of N (3)‐benzoylated‐ and N (3)‐benzylated N (1)‐propargylquinazoline‐2,4‐diones 30a−d and 31a−d from isatoic anhydride 41 is reported. The alkynes 30a−d and 31a−d were applied in the 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions with azides 27 and 28 to synthesize acyclic 1,2,3‐triazole nucleosides. The ... |
Cathepsin L promotes secretory IgA response by participating in antigen presentation pathways during Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae infection | Cathepsin L (CTSL) has been proved to help contain leishmaniasis and mycoplasma infection in mice by supporting cellular immune responses, but the regulatory functions of CTSL on mucosal immune responses haven’t been tested and remain undefined. Here, we investigated the effects of CTSL on SIgA responses and invariant ... |
Unwanted pregnancies: Publicly available information for women seeking abortion care in Ontario | Objectives Although abortion is common, the inability to obtain a referral and social stigma often lead women to search online for abortion information. Searches may yield relevant services but may also include Crisis Pregnancy Centres (CPCs), whose mission is to dissuade women from seeking abortions. The objective of ... |
COVID-19 Quarantine in Older People: The Need to Think About Sarcopenia-Related Phenotypes | |
Middle East respiratory syndrome–related knowledge, preventive behaviours and risk perception among nursing students during outbreak | AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to survey nursing students’ Middle East respiratory syndrome–related knowledge, preventive behaviours and risk perception to examine the correlations among the variables during a Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak. BACKGROUND: Middle East respiratory syndrome is a n... |
Adapting Neurosurgery Practice During The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Indian Subcontinent | ABSTRACT Background The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the practice of neurosurgery. Significant resources have been dedicated to it. The pandemic in the Indian subcontinent, when compared to the rest of the world, is relatively delayed. The neurosurgical practice cannot remain unaffected by hugely disruptive measures s... |
COVID19 and Headache: A Primer for Trainees | OBJECTIVE: To summarize for the trainee audience the possible mechanisms of headache in patients with COVID19 as well as to outline the impact of the pandemic on patients with headache disorders and headache medicine in clinical practice. BACKGROUND: COVID19 is a global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus severe a... |
Planning Phase Two for Endoscopic Units in Northern Italy after the COVID-19 lockdown: an exit strategy with a lot of critical issues and a few opportunities | |
Enhancement of the expression of HCV core gene does not enhance core-specific immune response in DNA immunization: advantages of the heterologous DNA prime, protein boost immunization regimen | BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C core protein is an attractive target for HCV vaccine aimed to exterminate HCV infected cells. However, although highly immunogenic in natural infection, core appears to have low immunogenicity in experimental settings. We aimed to design an HCV vaccine prototype based on core, and devise immuniz... |
Infectious agents associated with epizootic rabbit enteropathy: Isolation and attempts to reproduce the syndrome | Abstract Epizootic rabbit enteropathy (ERE), a highly lethal (30–80% mortality) disease of broiler rabbits aged 6–14 weeks, first appeared in 1997 in French intensive enclosed rabbitries and is of unknown aetiology. Bacteriological, virological and parasitical examination of the intestinal contents of rabbits that had ... |
One Health, Vaccines and Ebola: The Opportunities for Shared Benefits | The 2013 Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa, as of writing, is declining in reported human cases and mortalities. The resulting devastation caused highlights how health systems, in particular in West Africa, and in terms of global pandemic planning, are ill prepared to react to zoonotic pathogens. In this paper we pro... |
A retrospective study of 230 consecutive patients hospitalized for presumed travel-related illness (2000–2006) | A good knowledge of morbidity profiles among ill-returned travelers is necessary in order to guide their management. We reviewed the medical charts of 230 patients hospitalized in one infectious diseases department in France for presumed travel-related illnesses. The male-to-female ratio was 1.6 and the median age was ... |
Brian Charlesworth | Brian Charlesworth is a Senior Honorary Professorial Fellow at the University of Edinburgh. His work has involved the application of population genetics to a variety of issues in evolutionary biology. His current research is on population genetics theory, molecular evolution and genome evolution. He has published over ... |
Evidence‐Based Antimicrobial Therapy in Pregnancy: Long Overdue | Little evidence exists to guide the clinician caring for pregnant patients with infectious morbidities. The already‐small pool of evidence shrinks rapidly as the pathogen becomes more exotic, making therapeutic decisions increasingly speculative when emerging infectious diseases appear in the pregnant patient. The curr... |
Asymptomatic COVID-19 Infection in a Child with Nasal Foreign Body | Abstract While children, particularly infants, are susceptible to severe and critical COVID-19 disease, over 55% of pediatric cases are present in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic children. Aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 viral particles remain viable for up to 3 hours, raising concern about risk to healthcare workers during ... |
Pan-Viral Screening of Respiratory Tract Infections in Adults With and Without Asthma Reveals Unexpected Human Coronavirus and Human Rhinovirus Diversity | Background. Between 50% and 80% of asthma exacerbations are associated with viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs), yet the influence of viral pathogen diversity on asthma outcomes is poorly understood because of the limited scope and throughput of conventional viral detection methods. Methods. We investigated the c... |
Isolation of two Chinese bovine enteroviruses and sequence analysis of their complete genomes | In this study, RNA corresponding to bovine enterovirus (BEV) was detected in 24.6 % of faecal samples (17/69) from diarrheic and healthy cattle in six different areas in China by an RT-PCR screening method. Furthermore, two cytopathic agents, designated as BHM26 and BJ50, were isolated from the bovine diarrheic fecal s... |
Proteomic comparison of prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP‐FGC and LNCaP‐r reveals heatshock protein 60 as a marker for prostate malignancy | BACKGROUND: Androgen‐sensitive prostate cancer cell‐line LNCaP‐FGC and androgen‐resistant line LNCaP‐r constitute a model for development of androgen resistance in prostate cancer. METHODS: Proteins differently expressed in the two cell‐lines were identified by two‐dimensional (2‐D) electrophoresis and mass spectrometr... |
The evaluation of online course of Traditional Chinese Medicine for MBBS international students during the COVID-19 epidemic period | BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 epidemic period, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) course for international students of Medical Bachelor, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) program in Zhejiang University has shifted from traditional classroom to online environment. This study aimed to investigate MBBS international students’ ... |
The Coronavirus E Protein: Assembly and Beyond | The coronavirus E protein is a small membrane protein that has an important role in the assembly of virions. Recent studies have indicated that the E protein has functions during infection beyond assembly, including in virus egress and in the host stress response. Additionally, the E protein has ion channel activity, i... |
Understanding the possible origin and genotyping of first Bangladeshi SARS‐CoV‐2 strain | The novel coronavirus, SARS‐CoV‐2, causes the unfathomable pandemic in the history of humankind. Bangladesh is also a victim of this critical situation. To investigate the genomic features of the pathogen, the first complete genome of the virus has very recently been published. Therefore, the long awaiting questions re... |
On the formation of three-dimensional flows over finite-aspect-ratio wings under tip effects | We perform DNS of flow over finite-aspect-ratio NACA 0015 wings to characterize the tip effects on the wake dynamics. This study focuses on the development of three-dimensional separated flow over the wing, and discuss flow structures formed on the wing surface as well as in the far field wake. Vorticity is introduced ... |
Respiratory droplet generation and dispersal during nasoendoscopy and upper respiratory swab testing | Respiratory particle generation and dispersal during nasoendoscopy and swab testing is studied with high‐speed video and laser light illumination. Video analysis reveals droplet formation in three manoeuvres during nasoendoscopy ‐ sneezing, vocalization, and nasal decongestion spray. A capillary bridge of mucus can be ... |
Seroprevalence of Dromedary Camel HEV in Domestic and Imported Camels from Saudi Arabia | Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) imposes a major health concern in areas with very poor sanitation in Africa and Asia. The pathogen is transmitted mainly through ingesting contaminated water or food, coming into contact with affected people, and blood transfusions. Very few reports including old reports are available on the pre... |
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome – Wann daran denken? | Im Juni 2012 wurde erstmals eine Infektion mit Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Saudi Arabien diagnostiziert. Seither zirkuliert das Virus weiterhin im Nahen Osten und verursacht dort immer wieder größere nosokomiale Ausbrüche. Auch nach Deutschland wurde das Virus bereits importiert. So stell... |
Chapter 12 Planning and Managing Health Systems | Abstract Health systems are complex organizations. They are often the largest single employer in a country, with expenditures of public and private money of 4–17 percent of gross domestic product. Overall and individual facility management requires mission statements, objectives, targets, budgets, activities planning, ... |
Use of corticosteroids in asthma and COPD patients with or without COVID-19 | The potential detrimental effects of steroids on the immune system to fight viral infections had always been a concern for patients on long term steroids in chronic conditions. A recent warning from WHO on systemic corticosteroid use amid COVID-19 raised suspicion among public and healthcare professionals regarding the... |
Is Nigeria prepared and ready to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic in its conflict-affected northeastern states? | Northeastern Nigeria has over the decade suffered from the Boko Haram insurgency and is still in the process of recovery from the complex humanitarian crisis that has displaced and subjected millions of vulnerable children, women and elderly population to poverty, disease outbreaks, hunger and malnutrition. Yet, the co... |
Gender, Judicatory Respect and Pastors’ Well-Being in Closing Churches | This study of over 130 clergy in five old-line Protestant denominations (Episcopal, Lutheran, United Methodist, Presbyterian and UCC) who dissolved their congregations examines the relationships of gender, judicatory respect and pastors’ well-being in their experience of closing a church and vocational transition after... |
World Economic Prospects Monthly | Overview: Coronavirus to cut global growth to new lows ▀ The rapid spread of coronavirus will weaken China's GDP growth sharply in the short term, causing disruption for the rest of the world. We now expect global GDP growth to slow to just 1.9% y/y in Q1 this year and have lowered our forecast for 2020 as a whole from... |
Chapter 23 Enzymatic Production of Steviol Glucosides Using β-Glucosidase and Their Applications | Abstract Sweet leaf, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, is a perennial plant species widely known for its sweet-tastingent-kaurene type diterpenoid glycosides (steviol glucosides). Steviol glucosides include rubusoside (Ru), stevioside (Ste), and rebaudioside (Reb), which have immunomodulatory capability and protective effects... |
Discovery of a novel canine respiratory coronavirus support genetic recombination among betacoronavirus1 | Abstract Although canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) is an important respiratory pathogen that is prevalent in many countries, only one complete genome sequence of CRCoV (South Korea strain K37) has been obtained to date. Genome-wide analyses and recombination have rarely been conducted, as small numbers of samples... |
Correlation between antimicrobial consumption and incidence of health-care-associated infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci at a university hospital in Taiwan from 2000 to 2010 | Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between antibiotic consumption and the incidence of health-care-associated infections (HCAIs) caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (HCAI-MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VREs) (HCAI-VREs) at a university hospital in Ta... |
Protection for Otolaryngologic Surgery in the COVID-19 Pandemic | OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has placed unprecedented challenges on the world and the medical community. It is transmitted through droplets, contact, the fecal-oral route, and airborne transmission under certain conditions that allow droplets to combine with air particles to form an aerosol. Viral... |
How to risk-stratify elective surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic? | |
The Future of Business Education: A Commentary in the Shadow of the Covid-19 Pandemic | The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted business schools worldwide mainly through the shift to emergency remote teaching. I provide a rudimentary framework to understand this transformation through recognizing the changes in the university, the business world and the student. This disruption is going to lead to a decade-lo... |
Pigment production by cold-adapted bacteria and fungi: colorful tale of cryosphere with wide range applications | Pigments are an essential part of everyday life on Earth with rapidly growing industrial and biomedical applications. Synthetic pigments account for a major portion of these pigments that in turn have deleterious effects on public health and environment. Such drawbacks of synthetic pigments have shifted the trend to us... |
Inflammation induced by influenza virus impairs innate control of human pneumococcal carriage | Secondary bacterial pneumonia following influenza infection is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. Upper respiratory tract pneumococcal carriage is important as both determinants of disease and population transmission. The immunological mechanisms that contain pneumococcal carriage are well-studied in mice but ... |
Particulate air pollution on cardiovascular mortality in the tropics: impact on the elderly | BACKGROUND: Air pollution has a significant health impact. Most data originate from temperate regions. We aim to study the health impact of air pollution, particularly among the elderly, in a tropical region. METHODS: A daily time-series analysis was performed to estimate excess risk (ER) of various air pollutants on d... |
Pathogenesis of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus | Human coronaviruses (CoVs) mostly cause a common cold that is mild and self‐limiting. Zoonotic transmission of CoVs such as the recently identified Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)‐CoV and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐CoV, on the other hand, may be associated with severe lower respiratory tract infec... |
Aminopeptidase N Knockout Pigs Are Not Resistant to Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection |
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